2018年3月份天津高考英语试卷--英语试卷翻译详细解析Word版

10PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT#2018年3月份天津高考试卷--英语试卷翻译详细解析Word版2018年3月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）英语笔试英语试卷详细解析---大山Word版第i卷注意事项：1．每小选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。2．本卷共55小题，共95分。第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。例：Standoverthereyou'llbeabletoseeitbetter.A．orB．andC．butD．while答案是B。1．—ShallItellJohnoursecret?—No,youmustn't..A.Takeiteasy（别紧张）B.Itsoundslikeagreatidea（听起来像个好主意）C.Ifyoudon'tmind®果你不介意）D.It'sjustbetweenyouandm它是你我之间的秘密）答案：D考点：情景对话题干翻译：我能告诉John我们的秘密吗？主+谓+间宾+直宾句式不，绝对不能根据题意应选D2.Professionalskillsaretoolslikeaknifeorahammer.Youneedtocompletethethingsyouwanttodo.A.itB.thatC.themD.ones答案：C考点：代词辨析题干翻译：专业技能是像刀和锤子一样的工具。你需要它们完成你想要做的事情。根据题意应选C3.—What'swrongwiththedoor?—Thekeyhasgotstuckinitandcomeout.A.shouldn'“t不应该”B.mustn't禁止”C.needn't不需要”D.won't“将不，不能”答案：D考点：情态词的否定辨析题干翻译：门怎么了？钥匙插进去拔不出来了根据题意应选D4．—Iknowyouwanttotalkaboutthisreport,butIdlikebtoutteolluyrouanewpartner.—.Wecantalkabouthimlater.B.It'sniceofyo你真好A．Let'ssticktothepoin“t我们关注重点”C.It'sreallyhardtosay隹说D.You'IImakeit你会做到的答案：A考点：情景对话，stickto的词义--关注题干翻译：我知道你想谈论此，但我想说一说我们的新搭档，我们可以稍后谈论他根据题意应选A5．It'seasytogetlostwhenyoudriveinanewcity,soit'simportanttogoodmapbeforeyousetout.A．study研究B．display显示C．deliver递送，交付D．publish发行，发表答案：A考点：动词词汇辨析题干翻译：当你驶禁一座新城市，易迷路，所以出发前研究一张好地图很重要。根据题意应选A6．Mrs.Taylorwentaround“走访”theshops,whatshethoughtwasnecessary.A．orderedB．orderingC．tohaveorderedD．havingbeenordered答案：B题干翻译：泰勒夫人走访商店，订购所需非常必要。考点：非谓语动词现在分词作目的状语，同时具有伴随性，常放句尾，且有逗号分隔，根据题意应选B7．Therewasalongwaitatthereceptiondesk,everyonewascheckingin.A.why（先行词是season的引导次）B.which（先行词为“物质”的引导词）C.whom（先行词为“人”的引导词，且在从句中作宾语）D.where（地点引导词，从句中作地点状语）答案：D题干翻译：接待处前排起了长长的队伍，每个人都在登记。考点：定语从句，常考知识点，receptiondesk是地点名词，去掉关系词，句子不缺成分，故选D，在从句中作地点状语。另外，如果where引导地点状语从句，where前常为动词：Wemustcampwherewecangetwhatwater.我们必须要在能得到水的地方扎营。（特别是军队长期驻守，必须临近水源，这是常识。记得马谡守街亭时，虽居高临下，但远离水源，被围后不打自乱，好惨）根据题意应选D8．IjumpedwithjoythemomentImydriver'slicenseinthemail.A．receiveB．receivedC．hadreceivedD．wouldreceive答案：B题干翻译：-邮包里收到驾照的那一刻，我欢呼雀跃。考点：时间状语从句欢呼雀跃和收到，同时发生，时态均为过去式，如果选了C，那是认为，先收到驾照，然后才欢呼，。通常情况下，经过辛苦努力，再经过严格的考试，盼呀盼，终于盼来了梦寐以求的驾照，一拿到手驾照，抑制不住激动的心情，就会欢呼雀跃，两个动作的发生，不会有时间间隔，所以不能选C。根据题意应选B9．Canwestoptheoftheworld'sdesertsandsavethelandthatmandependssomuchon?A．loss（损失）B．heat（使高温）C．spread（延展）D．defence（防御）答案：C题干翻译：我们能阻止世界的日益沙化以拯救人类如此依赖的大陆吗？考点：词语辨析根据题意应选C10．Hestudiedhardandlaterbecameawell-knownwriter,whichwashisfatherhadexpected.A．whyB．howC．thatD．what答案：D题干翻译：他努力学习，后来成为一名著名作家，这也是其父所期盼的。考点：表语从句.整句是一个非限制性定语从句，which指代词前所述事实，做从句主语，从句中又嵌套一个表语从句，凡是句子要翻译成带“所”字的句子是，大多用what引导，且看：ThisiswhatIaminterestedin.这是我所感兴趣的。题干翻译：当人们想扩大知识面时，经常求助于能提供信息的书。Takebackwhatyousaid!根据题意应选D11．Therehavebeenmanyadvancesinmedicineinrecentyears.Thatmeansmoneyformedicalresearchhasbeenwellspent.A．usedB．usingC．touseD．tobeused答案：A题干翻译：近几年医疗上有很多进步，那意味着用于医疗研究的钱花得其所。考点：非谓语动词。从备选项看，就能看出来考点是非谓语动词，后置于名词之后作定语，表示钱被用于某方面，记一个口诀：现在分词“表主动，表进行”；过去分词“表过去，标完成”根据题意应选A12．Whenpeoplewanttoexpandtheirknowledge,theyusuallybooksthatofferusefulinformation.A.pointto（显示，表明）B.turnto（转向，求助于）C.attendto（注意,致力于）D.belongto（属于）选B考点：词语辨析，无他！Makesureyousaveallyourworkonscreenthecomputerbreaksdown.A.incase（以防万一）B.asif（好像，似乎，仿佛）C.sothat（以便）D.eventhough（即使）选A题干翻译：确保电脑上的工作全部保存，以防电脑出问题。考点解析：引导目的状语从句Janewishesthatsheforeigntradeinsteadofliteraturewhenshewasincollege.A.studiedB.hadstudiedC.wouldstudyD.mighthavestudied答案B考点：虚拟语气题干：简多么希望大学时研究的是外贸而不是文学呀！解析：由whenshewasincollege.可知，是对过去时态的“虚拟”，不要受“wishes”一词的误导。是对过去时态的“虚拟”，要用过去完成时.所以选B（天津英语高考，虚拟语气基本放在倒数几题）15.Whatwasitbroughtyoutwotogether?Wasityourloveofmusic?是什么把你们聚拢在一起的？是你们对音乐的热爱吗？A.asB.whoC.thatD.which解析：英语常用的强调结构是"Itis（was）+被强调部分（主语、宾语或状语）+who（that）...不允许强调谓语.技巧：：这几个关键词itis（was）who（that），出现的时候，一般要考虑强调句型了，属于简单题型。第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16〜35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Yearsoflivingwithalisp（口齿不清）hadtaughtmeitwasbetternottosay数年的口齿不清，叫我明白：少说为佳免尴尬anythingthantospeakandriskembarrassment.Asaresultofmy16,Ifelt由于沉默的结果，（silenee）distaneedfrommostofmypeers（同龄人）.Kathy?Oh,she'squiet.”That's我感到了与同龄人的隔阂凯西，奥，她很安静whatmostpeoplewouldsaywhenthey17me,asif“Quiet”werepartof当人们谈论我（talkedof）时，那是很多人会说的一句话。好像“安静”my18.Iwasokaywiththat.Ididn'tneedtobe19.是我名字的一部分（name），我同意那个事实。我不需要被听见（heard）LastSeptember,however,thatall20.Istartedmycreativewritingclasswith然而，去年9月，那个事实彻底改变（ehanged）。我开始跟Ms.Haist学习创意写作Ms.Haist.Everydaywewouldbegivenadifferentwritingtaskand,ifwe我们每天接受不同的写作任务wished,wecould21whatwehadwritten.I22listeningtoothersreadtheir如果我们愿意，可以分享所写内容（share）。我记得（22Dremember）聆听其他人朗读作品时workandthinking:Thatwillneverbeme.I'Iheverhavethe23todo认为，“那从来不会是我，我也从不会有勇气朗读(23Bcourage)”Oneday,Iwasreally24withwhatIhadwrittenandwantedtoshare.Myheart一天，我真的自鸣得意我的所写，想分享(24Cpleased)wasbeatingwildlyasIraisedmyhand.Those25littlevoiceswereringinginmyear,我举起手时，心在剧烈的跳。那些(25Burgent)小声音在我耳朵里骤然回响Youhavealisp,remember?26,yourwritingisn'tthatgood.Bequiet.wasabout“你有口吃，请得吗？(26ABesides而且)而且你写的不怎么好。安静！”to27myhandwhenImetMs.Haist'sencouragingeyes.当我就要放下手时，看到了Ms.Haist鼓励的眼神(27Dwithdraw撤回)。Iswallowedthevoicesdownandletmyrealvoice28.Icouldhearit29asI我忍受着那不屑的声音，发出我真实的的声音(28Ccomeout)。read,andIcouldheareverystutter(结巴)andmistake.Ifinishedreading,waitingto当我朗读的时候，我能听到声音在颤抖(29Ashaking)，还有每次的结巴和错误。读完了，belaughedat.30,IheardclapsfromtheclassandpraisefromMs.Haist.等待着嘲笑。(30DUnexpectedly没料到)没想到，听到了同学的掌声和Ms.Haist.的赞扬。Thenextday,Ididit31.SoonIwasreadingoutloudnearlyeveryday.第二天，再次朗读(31Aagain),之后几乎每天我都在朗读。Gradually,Irealizedthat32mylisp,theclassandtheteacheralwaysappreciated渐渐地，我认识到(32Cdespite尽管)尽管我口齿不清，同学、老师还是mywriting.NowImaystillnotbethemost33,socialperson,butI'vebecome欣赏我的写作的。现在我也许还不是最开朗的人（33Boutgoing开朗的）betteratoralpresentations.I34readmypoetryoutloudatareadingclub.但我在口头叙述上已经不错了。（34Aeven甚至）我甚至在朗读俱乐部读我的诗作Everytimethoselittlevoicestrytotellmetobequiet,Ithinkofallthe每次那些窃窃私语都企图告诉我保持安静，但我想起同学的鼓励，encouragementIreceivedinclassandIknowthatI35tobeheard.我就明白，我应当被聆听。16．A．embarrassmentB．excitementC．humorD．silence17．A．heardfromB．talkedofC．calledonD．lookedfor18．A．nameB．opinionC．dutyD．business19．A．seenB．heardC．followedD．protected20．A．disappearedB．returnedC．developedD．changed21．A．examineB．practiceC．shareD．copy22．A．regretB．considerC．imagineD．remember。23．A．timeB．courageC．patienceD．evidence24．A．busyB．strictC．pleasedD．disappointed25．A．tiredB．urgentC．funnyD．cheerful26．A．BesidesB．OtherwiseC．ThereforeD．Normally27．A．touchB．waveC．extendD．withdraw28．A．godownB．dieawayC．comeoutD．calmdown29．A．shakingB．singingC．shoutingD．deepening30．A．SadlyB．HopefullyC．HonestlyD．Unexpectedly31．A．againB．aloneC．alreadyD．anyway32．A．thankstoB．insteadofC．despiteD．except33．A．seriousB．outgoingC．nervousD．hardworking34．A．evenB．stillC．onlyD．seldom35．A．fearB．agreeC．deserveD．pretend第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWhenyouchooseahighereducationcourse,herearesometipsforyoutofollow.这里准备了一些小窍门，供你选择高等教育课程参考。（tip小窍门）Choosingyourcourse选择你的课程Therearearangeofsubjectsandcoursesavailable.Manyarework-related;有一系列学科和课程可供选择。很多是工科的；othersareacademic.You'llneedtolookbeyondthecoursetitlebecausecourses另一些是文科的，你不能仅仅看课程的名字，因为很多课程withalmostthesamenamemaydifferenormously.Forexample,ifyou're名字几乎相同而内容大相径庭例如，如果你对interestedinconstructionbutwishtouseyourcreativeskills,youmaybebetter建筑感兴趣，只想发挥你的创造性技能，（but仅仅）你最适合suitedtoabuildingdesignmanagementcoursethanabuildingproject建筑管理课程而非建筑项目管理课程managementcourse.Styleoflearning学习方式Thinkaboutthestyleoflearningthatbestsuitsyou.It'simportanttostudya思考适合你的学习方式。学习你最喜爱的科目特别重要，subjectthatyouparticularlyenjoy,butifyouwanttofollowacareerinadifferent但是如果你想修不同领域的职业课，area,youmayconsidertakingthesubjectsyouwanttolearnandjoiningtheminto你可以选你想学和想纳入学位的课程onedegree.Manydegreecoursesaremadeupofdifferentsubjectmoduleswhichdeal很多学位课有不同的学科模块组成，且能迎合特色领域的兴趣。withparticularareasofinterest.Choosingwheretostudy选择在哪里学习Whereyoustudycanbealmostasimportantaswhatyoustudy.Onethingto选择在那里学习几乎和选择学什么一样重要。一个问题需要consideriswhetheryouwanttoliveathomeormoveaway.Forsomepeople,考虑：宅在家里还是搬到外面学习，对于某些人来说，livingathomeoffersthebestofbothworlds,butitmaymakesensetomoveif宅在家里比外面好。，youwanttostudyaparticularcourseataspecificuniversityorcollege.Many如果你想在一个特色大学或学院学习特别的课程，在外面学习更能讲得通。studentsvaluetheexperienceoflivingoncampusorinadifferentpartofthe很多学生重视在校经历、在不同国家的经历作为大学生活的重要部分。countryasanimportantpartofuniversitylife.Findingoutmoreaboutcourses找出关于课程的更多信息Onceyou'vegotalistofcoursesthatappealtoyou,it'wsorthlookingatsome一旦你列出对你有吸引力课程的清单，找一些关联他们根源信息，othersourcesofinformationaboutthem,likeindependentreports.Theseprovide也是有必要的，像一些独立报告。这些报告informationonthenumbersofstudentswhofinishedthecourse,student提供了完成课程的学生人数、满意度或更多的信息。satisfactionandmore.Opendays开放日Opendaysusuallytakeplaceinspringorautumn.Althoughyoumayhavean开放日大多在秋季。虽然你对一门课有所ideaaboutwhatacourseislike,there'sn0替代StitUteattendingaclass了解，但无法代替你亲自上一节课的效果。yourself.Ifyoucan'tcomeontheopendays,youcansignupforaguidedtour如果你开放日不能亲临，你可以报名参加有导游的浏览简介。instead.36．Youneedtolookbeyondthecoursetitlebecausecourseswithsimilarnamesmaybe.A．creativity-focusedB．work-relatedC．fardifferentD．quitesimilar37．Whatareyouadvisedtodoifyourinterestdisagreeswithyourfuturecareer?A．Addpreferredsubjectstoyourdegreecourses.B．Choosethesubjectsbasedonyourinterest.C．Earndifferentdegrees.D．Giveupyourinterest.38．WhatdowelearnaboutfromPara.4?A．Disadvantagesofstudyingoncampus.B．Reasonsforchoosingwheretostudy.C．Importanceofattendinganearbycollege.D．Problemsofgoingtoafarawayuniversity.39．Whyisitrecommendedtocheckindependentreports?A．Toincreaseapplicants'interest.B．Tobetterunderstandacourse.C．Tofigureouthowtocompleteacourse.D．Tofindouthowdifferentthecoursesare.40．Ontheopendays,would-becollegestudentscan.A．signupforaparticularcourseB．takeaguidedtouronthecampusC．seewhetherthereisasubstitutecourseD．haveafirst-handexperienceofacourseBWithasatisfiedsmile,KeishafinishedthelastsentenceofherEnglishessay带着会心的微笑，凯莎结束了她英语文章的最后一个句子aboutoneofherheroes,RosaParks,animportantfigureintheCivilRightsMovement.她的文章是关于她心目中的一个英雄---罗莎.帕克斯---民权运动的重要任务。“Keisha,”hermothershoutedfromdownstairs.“It'salmost4:15.”““凯莎”他妈妈从楼下喊她，“4:15了”“Don'tworry.Iwon'tbelate.”Keishapulleddownastorybookfromher别担心，我不会迟到凯莎从书架上拿了一本故事书，bookshelf，asshealwaysreadtothenursinghome'sresidents.Andonanimpulse因为她总是为养老院的居民读故事。一时心血来潮，（一时心血来潮）,sheaddedherEnglishnotebookaswell.也拿了她英文笔记AsKeishacamerunninginthedoor,themanagertoldher,“Wehaveanew当凯莎跑来大门，（养老院）经理告诉她，“这周我们来了一个新居民露比.温特森residentthisweek,Mrs.RubyWatson.She'sstilladjustingtohernew她正处在适应新环境阶段，你可以在28号房间看见她，surroundings.You'llfindherinRoom28.Andbytheway,Keisha,goodluck.”顺便说一下，凯莎，祝你好运”Keishawalkeddownthehallwayataquickpace.AssheenteredRoom28,she凯莎轻步经过走廊。当她进入28号房间，mettwosharpbrowneyesstaringatherdoubtfully.遇到了两道棕色锐利疑惑的目光“I'mKeishaJackson,avolunteer,”Keishaexplained.“Icomeheretohelppass“我是凯莎.杰克逊，志愿者”凯莎解释道thetimewithresidents,orreadtothem,or,...”Keishastartedstammering（结巴）“我来帮助（养老院居民）度过适应期，或为他们阅读，或者”asMrs.Watsoncontinuedtostareather.怀特森夫人继续瞪着她，凯莎开始结巴了。“Ididn'rtequestanyonetokeepmecompany,”Mrs.Watsoninterrupted.“I'm“我不需要任何人陪伴（keepcompany陪伴）”怀特森夫人打断了她alonemostofthetime,andthat'showIpreferit.”“我大部分时间独处，那是我喜欢这样的方式。”“Ibroughtalongsomefunnystories,”Keishasaidhesitantly.“I'nmotinthemoodforfunnystories,M”rs.Watsonrepliedangrily.“Whatelse“我对滑稽故事没兴致”怀特森夫人生气地回答.“你还有别的事吗？”doyouhave?”Nervously,Keishaopenedhernotebooktoheressay.Shereadthetitlealoud,凯莎提心吊胆地打开她文章的笔记本。她大声朗读题目“RosaParks:AWomanofCourageandConviction（信念）.”SheglancedatMrs.罗莎.帕克斯：一个勇敢、信念坚定的女士她瞥了一眼sfaceWatsontoseehowshemightreact,buttohersurprise,Mrs.Watson'怀特森夫人，看她怎样的反应，使她惊奇的是，怀特森夫人面色relaxedandhereyesshone.“ReadtomeaboutRosa,”Mrs.Watsonsaid.舒缓下来，双眼炯炯有神，怀特森夫人说“给我读罗莎”KeishareadhowRosaParks'refusaltogiveupherseattoawhitepassengerona凯莎读出了：1955年在公交车上拒绝给白人乘客让座，鼓舞人心，busin1955inspiredtheprotestthatbecameaturningpointinthestrugglefor致使抗议活动成了民权斗争的转折点。civilrights.“IwalkedwithRosaParksandDr.MartinLutherKing,”Mrs.Watsonsaidwithpride.怀特森夫人自豪地说：“我和罗莎.帕克斯、马丁.路德.金并行而走”“Thatwasthegreatestmomentofmylifebecause…”Shepaused.“那是我一生中最伟大的时刻因为”她暂停了一下“Because…youwereawomanofcourageandconvictiontoo.”“因为......你也是一位勇敢、信念坚定的女士”Sittingupstraighter,Mrs.Watsonsaid,“YesI,wasandIstillam.Thankyoufor怀特森夫人端坐起来，说“我曾经是，我(现在)仍然是，谢谢提醒我remindingme,Keisha.NextThursday,Iwilltellyoumystory.”凯莎，下周二我愿意告诉你我的故事”41．WhydidKeishatakeherEnglishnotebookalong?A．Hermotheraskedhertotakeit.B．Shewouldhanditinonherway.C．Shemightreadheressaytosomeone.D．Themanagerwantedtoreadheressay.42．WhydidthemanagerwishKeishagoodluckbeforeshevisitedMrs.Watson?A．Mrs.Watsoncouldbedifficult.B．Mrs.Watsonwasinpoorhealth.C．Keishawasfeelingnervous.D．Keishawasashyperson.43．Mrs.Watson'seyes(Para.10)suggestedthsahtewas.A．amusedB．puzzledC．annoyedD．interested44．WhateffectdidKeisha'sessayhaveonMrs.Watson?A．Itarousedhercuriosityinvolunteerwork.B．Itbuiltupherexpectationformorevisitors.C．Itawokeherprideinherstruggleforcivilrights.D．ItchangedherattitudetotheCivilRightsMovement.45．Readersmayfindthisstoryinspiringbecause.A．agirlenjoyslearningaboutherheroesB．agirlhelpssomeonefeelappreciatedC．awomanovercomeshardshipbyherselfD．awomangathersthecourageforlifeCIfyouwerebringingfriendshometovisit,youcouldshowthemtheway.You如果你想朋友到家做客，你可以给他们指明道路。你知道哪些knowthelandmarks—abigredhouseorabus-stopsign.Butwhatifyouwere标志一所大的红房子或者一个公交车站牌。但要是游在大西洋里swimminginthemiddleoftheAtlanticOcean?Couldyoustillfindyourway又怎样你？你仍能找到回家的路吗？home?Aloggerheadturtle（海龟）could.海龟就能。AccordingtoDr.KenLohmann,Ioggerheadshaveamagnetic（磁力的）sense据Dr.KenLohmann研究，红海龟基于地球磁场而有磁力感应basedonEarth'smagneticfieId.ItheIpsthemIocatethebestspotsforfinding磁力感应帮助他们定位最佳你是地点和foodandtheirhomebeaches.寄居的海滩。ScientistsaIreadyknowthatseveraIotheranimaIs,suchaswhaIesandhoneybeescandetect（探测到）magneticfields.科学家已经知道另几种动物，像鲸鱼，蜜蜂也能探测磁场。Thedifferencebetweenthemandloggerheads,however,isthewaytheylearnto然而他们和红海龟不同的是，他们习得和应用磁力感应的方法不同。usetheirmagneticsense.Youngwhalesandhoneybeescanlearnfromadults.Loggerheadsareabandonedaseggs.幼小的鲸鱼和幼小的蜜蜂能从成年的鲸鱼和蜜蜂学到技能。而红海龟还是卵蛋时就被抛弃了。Asnewbornloggerheadshavenoadultstolearnfrom,whathelpsthemfigure新生海龟不能从成年海龟那里学到什么，那么什么帮助了他们认知怎样应用outhowtousetheirmagneticsense?Lohmannthinksoneofthecueswaslight磁性感应的?Lohmann认为线索之一就是海上的灯光onthesea.Babyloggerheadshatchonlyatnight.However,asmallamountoflightreflects幼龟只在夜间孵化，然而众多的小光点反射到海上，offtheocean.Thelightmakesthatregionbrighter.Headingtowardthelight灯光照亮了海域。头朝灯光有助与海龟helpsthemgetquicklyouttosea,wheretheycanfindfood.Lohmanntested迅速浮出海面，在那里找到食物。whethernewbornloggerheadsusethislightsourcetosettheirmagnetic“compasses”罗盘）.新生红海龟是否用这种光源设置他们的磁性“罗盘”呢？Heandhisteamputsomenewbornsinawatertankandrecordedwhichwaytheyswam.Aroundthetank,thescientistscreatedamagneticfieldthatmatchedtheEarth'sL.ohmann和团队放一些新生龟于水箱里，并记录它们游动的方向。Theysetaweaklighttotheeastofthemagneticfield.Thentheyletthenewbornsgo.他们设置弱光于磁场之东，引导幼龟游动.Atfirst,thenewbornsswamtowardthelight.Afterthescientiststurnedoffthe初始，幼龟朝着光亮游动。科学家关掉灯光之后light,theturtlesthathadseenthelightintheeastalwaysswamtowardeast.在磁场之东看到光亮的海龟总是向着东方游动Whentheresearchersreversed（颠倒）themagneticfield,theseturtlesturnedaroundandswamtowardthenew“e当研究员颠倒磁场之后，这些海龟调转方向，向着新的“东方游去”Thisandthefollow-upexperimentsallshowedthatloggerheadsuselightfrom这和跟踪实验都表明：红头龟用来自外界的灯光设置了它们的磁力“罗盘”theoutsideworldtosettheirmagnetic“compasses”andthenrememberthe并且记住了这个“正确”方向。“correctd”irection.Ifaturtlehatchesonabrightly-litbeach,thatwoulddamage如果海龟在明亮的海滩孵化，那将不断地损害itsmagneticsenseforeverandmakesurvivalhardfortheturtle.它的磁力感应并使生存困难。Lohmann'sworkhasledotherstoprotectthehabitatofthisendangeredspecies.Lohmann的实验，已经引起其他人去保护频域灭绝物种的栖息地。Yetmanyquestionsaboutthesecreaturesremainunanswered,andresearchershavealottostudy.然而关于这些生物的未解之谜，研究员仍要进行大量的研究。46．Loggerheadsandwhalesdifferinthewaythey.A．bringuptheiryoungB．recognizelandmarksC.detectmagneticfields干扰项，海龟是set,设置磁场，而不是detectD．learntofinddirections47.Whatisneededfornewbornloggerheadstosettheirmagneticsense?Weaklightreflectedofftheocean.毫无疑问，无干扰项Helpfromadultloggerheads.Brightsunlightfromthesky.Foodinwarmerwaters.48.Intheexperiment,afterthenewborns'magneticsensewasset,theirmovingdirectionwasdeterminedby.thelightthemagneticfield毫无疑问，无干扰项C.otherunknownfactorsD.thelightandthemagneticfield49.WhatisthesignificanceofLohmann'sresearchwork?Itenablesresearcherstokeeptrackofturtles.Itcontributestothestudiesofthemagneticfield.Itoffersanewsolutiontoenvironmentalpollution.Ithelpsprotecttheloggerheads'livingenvironm干扰项多，逐项排除50．Whatcouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．ExperimentsonLoggerheads最大干扰项B．TheSurvivaloftheSeaTurtleTheLoggerhead'sBu-iln“Compass'ComparisonofLoggerheadsandOtherAnimalsDMostpeoplearen'gtoodatcreativeproblemsolvingfortworeasons:（1）Theyarenottrainedinhowtobecreative.（2）Theydon'tunderstandgroupstrengthwellenoughtoharness（驾驭）theirpowertomaximizegroupcreativity.众人不擅长创造性解决问题原因二：他们在创造性方面没有受到培训；他们不明白群里群策足够驾驭他们的力量，致使群组创造性达到最大化。Akeyelementofcreativityisapplyingexistingknowledgetoanewproblem.创造力的一个关键因素是应用现有知识解决新问题。Themorepeoplegettinginvolvedinsolvingit,themoreknowledgethereistoworkonit.人们越多地涉及创新地解决问题，就会有越多的知识被应有。Unfortunately,researchshowsthatthetraditionalbrainstormingmethodsfailtoachievethatgoal.不幸的是，研究表明：传统的脑力风暴并不能如愿以偿达到目的Whengroupsgettogethertoexchangeideas,theyactuallycomeupwithfewerideasoverallthaniftheyeachhadworkedalone.当群组聚合交换解决方法时，他们实际上给出的方法不及单打独斗得出的方法多。Tofixthisproblem,youshouldconsiderthetwostagesofgroupproblem-solving:divergenee（分散）andconvergenee（集中）.针对这个问题，你应该考虑群组解决问题的两阶段：分散和集中。Divergencehappenswhenthegroupconsidersasmanydifferentpotentialsolutionsaspossible.分散产生（于第一阶段）：当群组认为有狠多潜在的解决方法存在时Convergencehappenswhenthevariousproposedsolutionsareevaluatedandreducedtoasmallersetofcandidatesolutionstothecurrentproblem.分散产生（于第二阶段）：对于当前各种被评估，并逐步缩小到一小套可Theessentialprincipleofgroupcreativityisthatindividualsworkingalonediverge,whereasgroupmembersworkingtogetherconverge.群组创造性的基本原则是：个人工作单打独斗；群组工作集思广益。Ingroups,onceamemberstatesapotentialsolution,thatmakesothersthinkabouttheproblemsimilarly.群组中一人陈述潜在的解决方案可使其他人产生类似解决方案。Thatiswhygroupsworkingtogetherdivergelessthanindividualsworkingalone.这就是群组工作效率低于个人单独工作效率的原因所在。Therefore,beawareofwhentodivergeandwhentoconverge.Forexample,因此，要意识到何时分散，何时集中。例如，earlyintheproblem-solvingprocess,havegroupmembersworkalonetowritedownstatementsdescribingtheproblem.解决问题的早期过程，让成员单独写下解决问题的描述Thengetthembacktodiscusstheirdescriptions.然后把他们集中回来，讨论他们的描述。Thegroupdiscussionwillleadeveryonetoacceptoneorasmallnumberofthesestatementstoworkon—thisishealthyconvergence.群组讨论将引导每个人接受一个或少数个解决方案这是有意的集中。Whenstartingtogeneratesolutions,youagainwantdivergence.当快要开始形成解决方案是，你要再次想起集中。Havepeopleworkalonetostart.使成员开始单独工作。Thencollectpeople'sinitialideasandsendthemaroundtoothersandallowthedivergencetocontinueaseveryoneindividuallybuildsontheideasofothermembers.然后收集成员的最初想法并发送给其他成员，允许其他成员基于别人想法的基础上创新。Finally,letthegroupdiscusstheresultingideas.最后，让群组讨论结果方案。Thisdiscussionwillgraduallyleadthegrouptoconvergeonasmallnumberofcandidatesolutions.这个讨论将逐渐的引导群组把思想集中到一小套可行的Thissimplemethodworkseffectively,becauseitrespectswhatindividualsandgroupsdobest方法.简单，高效运转，因为他巧妙的关注了个人的想法和群组的想法51．Researchshowsthatthetraditionalbrainstormingmethods.A．actuallylimitgroupcreativityB．greatlyencouragegroupcreativityC．enablepeopletoformmoreideastogetherD．preventpeople'sinvolvementintheproblems52．AccordingtoPara.4,whenamemberpresentsanidea,otherstendtoA．thinktheotherwayroundB．followhiswayofthinkingC．bemoreconfidentintheirownideasD．belesswillingtosharetheirownideas53．Whatshouldgroupmembersfirstdoearlyintheproblem-solvingprocess?A．Discusstheproblem.B．Simplifytheproblem.C．Putdowngroupstatementstogether.D．Writedowntheirindividualdescriptions.54．Howcaneachgroupmembermakechangestohisinitialsolution?A．Byaddingincollectedevidence.B．Byreorganizinghisownwords.C．Bydrawingonothers'ideas.D．Bymakinghisstatementbriefer.55．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthesspaage?A．Toadvocateawaytomakegroupthinkingmoreeffective.B．Todemonstratethedifficultyinorganizinggroupthinking.C．Tohighlightthedifferencesbetweendivergenceandconvergence.D．Toshowtheadvantageofgroupthinkingoverindividualthinking.第二节：书面表达（满分25分）假设你是晨光中学的学生李津。你在某网站的论坛上读到一位名为Chris的外国学生发的帖子，得知他有意来中国的大学学习。请根据以下提示给Chris留言：（1）鼓励他来中国留学；（2）说明来华留学的好处（如：加深对中国的了解，对个人发展的益处等）；（3）表示愿意进一步提供帮助。注意：（1）词数不少于100；（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；（3）开头已给出，不计入总词数。