考研考博-英语-浙江海洋大学考试押题卷含答案详解汇编

山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-浙江海洋大学考试押卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！卷I一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题Therearestillsome（）forstudentsofscienceandengineering,butthoseinartsandhumanitieshavebeenfilled.问题1选项A.positionsB.vacanciesC.categoriesD.applications【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项positions“位置”；B选项vacancies“空缺额”；C选项categories“类别”；D选项applications“应用”。句意：理工科的学生仍然有空缺，但艺术和人文学科的学生已经招满了。本句表示学生名额有空缺。因此B选项正确。2.单选题Somepeopleeither（ ）avoidquestionsofrightandwrongorremainneutralaboutthem.问题1选项A.violentlyB.enthusiasticallyC.sincerelyD.deliberately【答案】D【解析】考查副词辨析。violently“激烈地，猛烈地”；enthusiastically“热心地，满腔热情地”；sincerely“真诚地”；deliberately“故意地”。句意：有些人不是故意避开是非的问题就是保持中立。either…or…要么……要么……，表示并列关系，故答案D3.单选题 Smokingissoharmfultopersonalhealththatitkillspeopleeachyear（）thanautomobileaccidents.问题1选项A.sevenmoretimesB.overseventimesC.seventimesmoreD.seventimes【答案】C【解析】考查倍数的表达。由句意可知，吸烟对个人健康的危害如此之大，每年导致的死亡人数是汽车事故的7倍。而倍数的常用表达形式为：A+倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than+B，由此可知，本题正确答案为C选项。4.单选题ThewholeembarrassinginthebarwasagreatdisappointmenttothemandsetabadexampleofEnglishhospitality.问题1选项A.incidentB.accidentC.thingD.matter【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项incidentn.事件，事变，插曲；B选项accidentn.事故，意外；C选项thingn.事情，东西，情况；D选项mattern.物质，原因。句意：酒吧里那件令人尴尬的事让他们非常失望，这为英国人的好客树立了一个不好的典范。因此，正确答案为A项。5.单选题A（ ）examinationisonewhichisinpreparationforsomething.问题1选项A.predominantB.prematureC.perfectibleD.preliminary【答案】D【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项predominant“卓越的，支配的”；B选项premature“不成熟的”；C选项perfectible“可完成的”；D选项preliminary“初步的，开始的”。句意：初步的测试是为某事做准备的考试。选项D符合句意。6.单选题Ahumanbeingisquite（ ）creature,fortheglossofrationalitythatcovershisorherfearsand（ ）isthinandofteneasilybreached.问题1选项A.afrail...insecurityB.avaliant...phobiasC.anambitious...moralityD.aludicrous...laughter【答案】A【解析】形容词和名词词义辨析题。A选项的frail‘脆弱的，身体虚弱的”；insecurity“不安全，无保障”；B选项的valiant“勇敢的”；phobia“恐惧，厌恶”；C选项的ambitious“有野心的，有强烈欲望的，有抱负的”;morality“道德，品行”;D选项的ludicrous“滑稽的，荒唐可笑的”;laughter“笑，笑声”。根据句意‘人类是一种极为脆弱的生物体，因为掩盖着其恐惧心和不安全感的那层理性的外表是那么的薄弱，且常常易于破裂’确定A选项正确。7.单选题Heisofa（ ）mood;heneverfinisheswhathestarts.问题1选项A.differentB.variableC.variousD.distinctive【答案】B【解析】句意:他这个人朝三暮四，做起事来总是虎头蛇尾。考查形容词辨析。different个别的,与众不同的;variable多变的,变异的;various各种各样的,多方面的;distinctive有特色的,与众不同的。这里形容这个人朝三暮四.故选B。8.单选题Youwillgettothechurchmorequicklyifyoutakethis（）acrossthefields.问题1选项A.trackB.passageC.methodD.journey【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项track“轨道，足迹，小道”；B选项passage“走廊，通道”；C选项method“方法”；D选项journey“旅行，行程”。句意：如果你沿着这条小路穿过田野，到教堂会快一些。选项A符合语境。9.填空题After（1）aboutitforseveralweeks,wedecidedtodoourfieldworkinanareaofsoutheasternYunnan（2）alongtheborderwithVietnam.The（3）withourchoicewasthattheareawasclosed,sowehadtoaskforofficial（4）toworkatthesitewehadinmind.（5），theofficialswespokewithwereveryopentoourarguments,afterwe（6）ourreasonsforwantingtodofieldworkneartheborder,theyquicklyapprovedourrequest.Wefinishedourfieldworkin2005.LastmonthIwent（7）totheareaforthefirsttimeanddiscoveredthatthingshavechangedgreatly（8）then.Theareaisnowcompletelyopenandthereisabrisktradeinmanufacturedgoodsinthetownsonsidesoftheborder.句意:在开始工作几个星期后，我们决定去云南东南部一个沿途与越南接壤的地方进行我们的野外作业。我们选择存在的一个问题是这个地方是关闭的，所以为了去在我们所想的地方作业，我们不得不去寻求官方的许可。幸运的是，与我们谈话的官员们非常乐意接受我们的推理。在我们解释完我们选择在临近边境地方做野外工作的原因后，他们很快就同意了我们的请求。我们在2005年完成了我们的野外工作。上个月我独自第一次去了那个地方，发现情况从那时起己发生很大变化。这个区域现在是完全开发的，边境两边城镇里的制成品生意很兴隆。【答案】1.setting2.all3.problem4.approval5.Fortunately6.explained7.alone8.from【解析】1.固定搭配。Setaboutdoingsth.开始着手做某事。2.固定搭配。Allalong沿途,一路。3.由后面的theareawasclosed“这个地方被关闭了”可推知“我的选择有问题”,根据“was”推测此处应用单数形式problem。4.语义题。句意:在这个地方工作需要寻求官方的许可。5.逻辑衔接。本来以为官方人员不好打交道，幸运的是他们比较开明。6.逻辑衔接。说明施工原因。7.逻辑关系。由关键词“I我”知这里可用副词alone独自”来修饰went（动词go“去”的过去式）。8.由空格前的“havechanged己发生变化”为现在完成时态及“then那时”知可填一个表示“从……起”的介词，故可填from来构成from…then从那时起”。both空格后面为复数形式sides,这里填入both表示边境的两边。10.单选题ProfessorSmithhasalreadyretired,buthisteachingsstill（）stronginfluenceonhisstudents.问题1选项A.executeB.forsakeC.exertD.forge【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。execute“实行，执行；处死”；forsake“放弃”；exert“运用，发挥；施以影响”；forge“锻造”。句意：Smith教授已经退休了，但是他的教导依然在他的学生中产生重大影响。选项C符合题意。11.单选题Youwillfindthesceneryissobeautifulifyouviewfromthe（ ）ofthehill.问题1选项A.ceilingB.summitC.mantleD.roof【答案】B【解析】句意：如果从山顶上看，你会发现风景是如此的美丽。只有选项B符合句意。12.单选题Thevirusattackstheplant,theflowerdoesnotopen,and（）noseedsareproduced.问题1选项A.consequentlyB.subsequentlyC.simultaneouslyD.spontaneously【答案】A【解析】副词辨析题。consequently因此，结果；subsequently随后，后来；simultaneously同时地；spontaneously自发地，不由自主地。句意：病毒攻击植物，花不能开放，因此种子也没有发芽。这里强调的是因果联系，所以选项A正确。    13.单选题Themanagertriedtowaveasidetheseissuesas______detailsthatwouldbesettledlater.问题1选项A.versatileB.trivialC.preliminaryD.alternate【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A.versatile多才多艺的，有多种技能的B.trivial不重要的，琐碎的C.preliminary预备性的，初步的D.alternate交替的，轮流的【答案】B【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】分析句子结构可知，空格处填入一个形容词修饰details（细节），而后面的that引导的定语从句也是修饰details，根据从句内容“以后再解决这些事”可推测，______details是“不重要的小事”，所以该题选择B项。【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。【句意】经理试图对这些问题置之不理，认为这些都是鸡毛蒜皮的小事，以后再解决。14.单选题IamconfidentthatI’llprovetobeatremendous____toyourcompany.问题1选项A.possessionB.assetC.propertyD.assumption【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A.possession所有物；拥有B.asset有价值的人或事物C.property财产D.assumption（责任的）承担；（权力的）获得【答案】B【考查点】语义衔接与名词辨析【解题思路】原句句意为“我相信我将成为贵公司的宝贵的____。”由此可知，空格所填的词指的是“我”这个人。因此，B选项asset“（~tosb/sth）有价值的人或事物”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A选项possession“所有物；拥有”，侧重于指个人财产或私人物品，或者inpossessionofsomething指拥有某物的状态；C选项property“财产”，指个人或团体合法拥有的财产，包括动产与不动产；D选项assumption“（责任的）承担；（权力的）获得”，不符合原句语义衔接。【句意】我相信我将成为贵公司的宝贵财富。15.单选题Forgatheringdataaboutindividualsorgroupsatdifferentdevelopmentallevels,researcherscanusetworelatedresearchdesigns:longitudinalandcross-sectional.Alongitudinalstudyisonethatmeasuresabehaviororacharacteristicofanindividualoveraperiodoftime,perhapsdecades.AnexampleofsuchastudyistheBerkeleyGrowthStudybegunin1928byNancyBayley.Thestudyfocusedonagroupof74white,middleclassnewborns.Astheygrewolder,extensivemeasuresoftheirintellectual,personality,andmotordevelopmentwererecorded.Thesubjectswerestudiedformorethanthirtyyears.Thelongitudinalresearchdesignisapowerfultechniqueforseekingunderstandingsoftheeffectsofearlyexperiencesonlaterdevelopment.Also,differencesinorstabilityofbehaviorsorcharacteristicsatdifferentagescanbedetermined.Longitudinalstudies,however,areexpensivetoconduct,time-consuming,andheavilycontingent onthepatienceandpersistenceoftheresearchers.Thefindingsofalongitudinalstudymaybejeopardizedbyrelocationofsubjectstoanotherpartofthecountryandbyboredomorirritationatrepeatedtesting.Anotherdisadvantageisthatsocietychangesfromonetimetoanotherandthesubjectsparticipatinginthestudyreflecttosomedegreesuchchanges.Themethodsofstudyorthequestionsguidingtheresearchersmayalsochangefromonetimetoanother.Ifproperlyconducted,however,longitudinalstudiescanproduceuseful,directinformationaboutdevelopment.Across-sectionalstudyisoneinwhichsubjectsofdifferingagesareselectedandcomparedonaspecificbehaviororcharacteristic.Theyarealikewithrespecttosocioeconomicstatus,sex,oreducationallevel.Forexample,aresearchermaybeinterestedinlookingatchangesinintelligenceoverathirty-yearperiod.Threegroupsofsubjects,agesten,twenty,andthirty,maybeselectedandtested.Conclusionsaredrawnfromthetestdata.Thecross-sectionalresearchdesignhastheclearadvantageofbeinglessexpensivetoconductandcertainlylesstime-consuming.Themajordisadvantageisthatdifferentindividualswhomakeupthestudysamplehavenotbeenobservedovertime.Noinformationaboutpastinfluencesondevelopmentoraboutage-relatedchangesissecured.Likelongitudinalstudies,thecross-sectionalmethodscannoterasethegenerationalinfluencethatexistswhensubjectsstudiedarebornatdifferenttime.Psychologistsarenowbeginningtouseanapproachthatcombineslongitudinalandcross-sectionalresearchmethods.1.WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthedisadvantagesofalongitudinalresearch?2.Theword"contingent"inthethirdparagraphprobablymeans______.3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?4.Oneofthedifferencesbetweencross-sectionalresearchandlongitudinalresearchisthat______.问题1选项A.Thesubjectsmaybecomeirritatedatrepeatedtesting.B.Theparticipantsinthestudymaynotstayinoneplaceformanyyears.C.Thebehaviorofasubjectinthestudymaybemeasuredcontinuouslyformanyyears.D.Socialchangesmaybereflectedinthebehaviorsofthesubjectsparticipatinginthestudy.问题2选项A.dependentB.consecutiveC.determinedD.continual问题3选项A.Thesubjectsinacross-sectionalresearcharenotofthesameagegroup.B.Themethodsofstudyinlongitudinalresearchwillnotchangeovertime.C.Longitudinalresearchisreliableonlyinseekingunderstandingsoftheeffectsofearlyexperiencesonlaterdevelopment.D.Cross-sectionalmethodsarenotusuallyadoptedinstudying,forexample,thechangesinintelligenceoverathirty-yearperiod.问题4选项A.thelatterusuallyfocusesononlyonesubject,whiletheformerinvolvesgroupsofsubjectsB.theformercanbefreefromtheinfluenceofsocialchangesC.thelattercanbefreefromtheinfluenceofsocialchangesD.theformercostslessmoneyandtakeslesstime【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:A第4题:D【解析】1.判断推理题。题干：下列哪项不是纵向研究的缺点之一？文章第二段说到纵向研究的特点和有点，第三段说到了纵向研究的缺点。第二段第一句“Alongitudinalstudyisonethatmeasuresabehaviororacharacteristicofanindividualoveraperiodoftime,perhapsdecades”与C选项符合。因此C选项符合题意。2.词义题。由词语定位到第三句，分析句子结构可知“contingent”是并列谓语之一。前半句说到纵向研究费用高、耗时长，因此要依靠耐心和毅力才能坚持下来。因此A选项符合题意。3.判断推理题。题干：下列哪个陈述是正确的？此类题只可通过选项定位。C选项中出现了绝对词“only”，表示“纵向研究只有在寻求对早期经验对后期发展的影响的理解时才是可靠的”，过于绝对化，因此排除；第三段中“themethodsofstudyorthequestionsguidingtheresearchersmayalsochangefromonetimetoanother”说明B选项错误；第四段中“threegroupsofsubjects,ageten,twenty,andthirty,maybeselectedandtested”说明D选项错误。因此A选项符合题意。4.细节题。题干：横向和纵向研究的区别之一是______。由题干定位到文章第四、五段，第五段第一句提到“Thecross-sectionalresearchdesignhastheclearadvantageofbeinglessexpensivetoconductandcertainlylesstime-consuming”，即与D选项的lessmoney一致。因此D选项符合题意。16.单选题Theprofessorcouldhardlyfindsufficientgrounds（ ）hisargumentsinfavorofthenewtheory.问题1选项A.tobebasedonB.tobaseonC.whichtobaseonD.onwhichtobase【答案】D【解析】语法（定语从句）题。分析题目可知，空白处填入的词语是引导定语从句，修饰先行词grounds,所以排除A选项和B选项。因为连接词which在从句中作介词宾语，所以前面需要一个介词，D选项正确。17.单选题Startingwiththe（）thatthereislifeontheplanetMars,theRussianandAmericanscientistswentontodeveloptheirarguments. 问题1选项A.premiseB.pretextC.preconditionD.presentation【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项premise“前提，假定，假设”；B选项pretext“借口，托辞”；C选项precondition“前提，先决条件”；D选项presentation“展示，描述”。句意：从火星上有生命这一假设出发，俄罗斯和美国的科学家继续展开他们的争论。火星上有生命这只是一个假设，所以选项A正确。18.写作题Readthefollowingarticleandthenwriteanessayinnolessthan250wordscommentingontheissuediscussedinthearticle.1.Youshouldgiveanappropriatetitletoyouressay.2.Youmusthaveaclearlystatedopinionontheissuediscussed3.Youmustsupplyexamplesinsupportofyouropinion.4.Youmustinteractwiththeopinionsinthegivearticle.Nowreadarticlebelowandwriteyouressayontheanswersheet.EnoughofTigerMomsandWolfDadsByBerlinFang（ChinaDaily）ThomasFriedmanwroteinhiscolumn,“Howaboutbetterparents?”（TheNewYorkTimes.Now19）,thatparentinvolvementiskeytostudentsuccess.FedupwiththestatusquoofAmericaneducation,anddesperateforanalternativemodel,somereaderspepperedtheword“Asian”throughoutthecommentssectionforFriedman'sarticle.Onereaderwrote:“thequestionamongthecoacheswastheusual,whyweresomanyofourtopstudentsareAsian.IaskedwhenwasthelasttimetheyhadanAsianparentcomplainabouttoomuchhomework.”Thisstatement,however,provesnothingexceptthetheoryofrelativityinhumanopinions.AsianparentsintheUnitedStatesrarelycomplainaboutchildren’shomeworkbecauseitisapicniccomparedtowhatgothroughinouryoungerdaysinourhomecountry.ButinAsiancountries,likeanyother,complaintsabound.InChina,Iconstantlyhearparentscomplainthattheirchildrencannotgotobedtill11pmbecausetheyhavetoomanyassignments.ActiveinvolvementofChineseparentsisatbestamyth,andthemythisrunningwildinthemedia.Afterdiscussionsonthe“TigerMom”（YaleProfessorAmyChua.authorofBattleHymnsoftheTigerMom）,theChinesemediarecentlybroughttolightacertain“wolfdad”，HongKong-basedbusinessmanXiaoBaiyou.whousedchickenfeatherdusterstospankthreeofhischildrenintoPekingUniversity,oneofChina’stopinstitutionsofhigherlearning.Firsttigersandnowwolves,Isupposewe'llgettheentireanimalkingdomcoveredprettysoon.SuchreportsofSpartanparentinginstillfearamongWesternparentsandcomplacencyamongtheirChinesecounterparts,noneofwhichishealthyorjustifiable.Generallyspeaking,ChineseparentslagfarbehindtheirAmericanpeersinparticipatingintheeducationoftheirchildren.IntheChinesecountryside,manyparentsleavehometoearnalivingasmigrantworkers.Theirchildrenthuslivewithgrandparents,whooftenhavelittleornoeducation.Pre-schooliseitherunavailableorexpensive.Manysuchchildrenoftencalled“left-behindchildren”，growupwithouteitherproperparentingorschooleducation.Thoughchildreninmiddleclassfamilieslivewithparents,realinvolvementisfarfromdesirable.ManyChinesefamiliesintownsandcitiesaredual-incomefamilies,somebynecessity,othersbychoice.SomeAmericanmomsquittheirjobsafterchildbirthtotakecareoftheirchildren.Chinesemomsoftenquittheirchildrentotakecareoftheirjobs.Whileparentsarebusywiththeirjobsorcareers,manychildrenarebroughtuptoalargeextentbygrandparents,or“outsourced”toprivatetutorsorevennannies.Ineithersituation,apredominantlymaterialisticworldviewdrivesparentstospendtheirtimeandenergymakingmoneyto“guarantee”theirchildren’sfuture.Mostspendmoneygenerouslyonchildren’seducation,buyingthemgoodthingsandsendingthemtoprivateclasses.Moneycanbuysomerelieffromtheguiltofstayingonthemarginsoftheirchildren’sdevelopment,butchildrendonotgetwhattheyreallyneedfromparents:theirtime,forinstance.FriedmanquotesareportbytheProgramforInternationalStudentAssessment（PISA.thatparent-childreadingtimecorrelatestostudentachievementinPISAtests.WhenwasthelasttimeyousawaChineseparentreturningwithbagsofentertainmentreadingfromlibrariesorbookstoresasAmericanparentsdo?HowoftendocsaChineseparentactuallyreadabooktogetherwithhis/herchild?Manyparentsevenforbidtheirchildrenfromreadingbookssuchasnovels,fairytalesorpoemsforfearthatsuchreadingwilldistractstudentsfrompreparingforexams.Thewrongfocusonexamsfreesparentsfromparticipatingintheirchildren’seducation.Apartfromnotreading,parentsdon'tworkwithchildrenonschoolprojects,becausemuchofhomeworkisexam-relatedwhichchildrenaresupposedtoworkonindividually.Parent’sroleisthusreducedtothatofanalarmclock-topromptchildrentodothisorthatatcertainhoursoftheday.Nowonder,nanniescandosubstituteparenting.Fortunately,evenanalarmclockhasitsvirtues.Chineseparentsdoafairlygoodjobofensuringtheirchildrenspendadequatetimestudying.Suchincreasedtimeoneducationaltaskspartiallyexplainswhytheyexcelininternationalbenchmarkingtests.Thatbeingsaid,involvementcanbedeeperandricherinachild'spathofgrowth.Chineseparentsshouldspendmoretimewiththeirchildren,ratherthankeepingtomeforthemlikeaclock.Parentsshouldworkwithchildrenasadevelopingperson,notjustatest-taker.Parentsoughttomeetthekinetic,artistic,mental,social,psychologicalandspiritualneedsoftheirchildren.Rememberthatchildrenarehumanbeingsinstagesofdevelopment.Sowhynotforgetabouttigermomsandwolfdads,andfocusonbeinghumanparentsinstead?【答案】略19.单选题Wehaveacrisisonourhands.Youmeanglobalwarming?Theworldeconomy?No,thedeclineofreading.Peoplearejustnotdoingitanymore,especiallytheyoung.Who’sresponsible?Actually,it’smorelike,Whatisresponsible?TheInternet,ofcourse,andeverythingthatcomeswithit—Facebook,Twitter(微博).Youcanwriteyourownlist.There’sbeenawarningabouttheimminentdeathofliteratecivilizationforalongtime.Inthe20thcentury,firstitwasthemovies,thenradio,thentelevisionthatseemedtospelldoomforthewrittenworld.Nonedid.Readingsurvived;infactitnotonlysurvived,ithasflourished.Theworldismoreliteratethaneverbefore—therearemoreandmorereaders,andmoreandmorebooks.Thefactthatweoftengetourreadingmaterialonlinetodayisnotsomethingweshouldworryover.Theelectronicanddigitalrevolutionofthelasttwodecadeshasarguablyshownthewayforwardforreadingandforwriting.Takethearrivalofe-bookreadersasanexample.DeviceslikeKindlemakereadingmoreconvenientandarealotmoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanthetraditionalpaperbook.Astechnologymakesnewwaysofwritingpossible,newwaysofreadingarepossible.Interconnectivityallowsforthepossibilityofareadingexperiencethatwasbarelyimaginablebefore.Wheretraditionalbookshadtomakedowithphotographsandillustrations,ane-bookcanprovidereaderswithanunlimitednumberoflinks:totexts,pictures,andvideos,inthefuture,thewaypeoplewritenovels,history,andphilosophywillresemblenothingseeninthepast.Ontheotherhand,thereisthedangeroftrivialization.OneTwittergroupisofferingitsfollowerssingle-sentence-long“digests”ofthegreatnovels.WarandPeaceinasentence?Youmustbejoking.Weshouldfearthefragmentationofreading.Thereisthedangerthatthehigh-speedconnectivityoftheInternetwillreduceourattentionspan—thatwewillbeincapableofreadinganythingoflengthorwhichrequiresdeepconcentration.Insuchafast-changingworld,inwhichrealityseemstoberemadeeachday,weneedtheabilitytofocusandunderstandwhatishappeningtous.Thishasalwaysbeenthefunctionofliteratureandweshouldbecarefulnottoletitdisappear.Oursocietyneedstobeabletoimaginethepossibilityofsomeoneutterlyintunewithmodemtechnologybutabletomakesenseofadynamic,confusingworld.Inthe15thcentury,JohannesGuttenberg’sinventionoftheprintingpressinEuropehadahugeimpactoncivilization.Onceuponatimethephysicalbookwasachallengingthing.Weshouldrememberthisbeforeweassumethattechnologyisouttodestroytraditionalculture.1.Whichofthefollowingparagraphsbrieflyreviewsthehistoricalchallengesforreading?2.Thefollowingareallcitedasadvantagesofe-booksEXCEPT（）.3.Whichofthefollowingcanbebesttodescribehowtheauthorfeelstowardsingle-sentence-longnovels?4.Accordingtothepassage,peopleneedknowledgeofmoderntechnologyand（）tosurviveinthefast-changingsociety.5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?问题1选项A.ParagraphOneB.ParagraphTwoC.ParagraphThreeD.ParagraphFour问题2选项A.multimodalcontentB.environmentalfriendlinessC.convenienceforreadersD.imaginativedesign问题3选项A.IronicB.WorriedC.SarcasticD.Doubtful问题4选项A.goodjudgmentB.highsensitivityC.goodimaginationD.theabilitytofocus问题5选项A.TechnologypushesthewayforwardforreadingandwritingB.InterconnectivityisafeatureofnewreadingexperienceC.TechnologyisanopportunityandachallengefortraditionalreadingD.Technologyoffersagreatervarietyofreadingpractice【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:B第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.段落大意题。题干：哪一个段落简要回顾了阅读的历史挑战？根据题干关键词historicalchallengesforreading定位至第二段第1-2句There’sbeenawarningabouttheimminentdeathofliteratecivilizationforalongtime.Inthe20thcentury,firstitwasthemovies,thenradio,thentelevisionthatseemedtospelldoomforthewrittenworld.（很长一段时间以来，一直有关于文化文明即将灭亡的警告。在20世纪，首先是电影，然后是广播，然后是电视，似乎预示着文字世界的毁灭。），第一句话表明本段将会回顾阅读在以前的历史时期经历过的挑战，第二句话就说明了曾经有来自于哪几方面的挑战，所以B选项“第二段”，是本题的正确答案；文章第一段讲的是当今阅读面临衰退的危机及原因；第三段讲我们其实无需对现代科技发展过虑；第四段的中心是现代科技带给阅读的好处，所以都应排除。综上所述，本题的正确答案是B选项。2.事实细节题。题干：以下都被认为是电子书的优点，除了_______。由题干定位到文章第三段最后一句话DeviceslikeKindlemakereadingmoreconvenientandarealotmoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanthetraditionalpaperbook.（像Kindle这样的阅读设备比传统的纸质书更方便，也更环保），所以B选项“环境友好”和C选项“方便读者”，符合题意；第四段第三句指出ane-bookcanprovidereaderswithanunlimitednumberoflinks:totexts,pictures,andvideos（电子书可以为读者提供无限数量的链接:文本、图片和视频），可见电子图书的内容丰富形式多样，A选项“多模式的内容”是对该句中提及优势的概括，所以A选项也符合题意；第四段的第二句话Interconnectivityallowsforthepossibilityofareadingexperiencethatwasbarelyimaginablebefore.（互联性使阅读经验成为可能，这是以前几乎无法想象的。），是说阅读经历是从前无法想象的，而不是电子图书的设计具有想象力，故D选项“富有想象力的设计”，属于曲解文章意思。综上所述，本题的正确答案是D选项。3.推理判断题。题干：以下哪个选项能最好地描述作者对单句小说的感觉？由题干的关键词“single-sentence-long”定位至第五段。该段首句作者就指出thereisthedangeroftrivialization（有一个风险是阅读的浅薄化），并在该段最后一句中指出Thereisthedangerthatthehigh-speedconnectivityoftheInternetwillreduceourattentionspan—thatwewillbeincapableofreadinganythingoflengthorwhichrequiresdeepconcentration.（目前存在的危险是：互联网的高速连接会减少我们注意力的持续时间，结果是我们不能够阅读长篇论著，或是阅读需要高度集中注意力的书籍。），这些均表明了作者的担心，故B选项“担心的”，符合题意；A选项“讽刺的”，C选项“挖苦的”和D选项“怀疑的”，根据文义，作者并无讽刺，怀疑的意思，排除A、C、D选项。综上所述，本题正确答案是B选项。4.事实细节题。题干：根据文章，人们需要现代技术和_______的知识来在快速变化的社会中生存。根据题干定位到文章第六段最后一句话Oursocietyneedstobeabletoimaginethepossibilityofsomeoneutterlyintunewithmodemtechnologybutabletomakesenseofadynamic,confusingworld.（我们的社会需要能够想象出这样一种可能性：一个人与现代技术完全合拍，但又能够理解一个动态的、令人困惑的世界。），可知knowledgeofmoderntechnology对应intunewithmoderntechnology，而makesenseofadynamic，confusingworld则对应A选项“良好的判断力”，故A选项为答案。B选项“高度敏感性”，C选项“丰富的想象力”和D选项“集中注意力的能力”与原句中makesenseof的意思相距甚远，故排除。综上所述，本题正确答案是A选项。5.主旨大意题。题干：文章的主题思想是？本文开篇提到了互联网的出现对阅读造成的影响。之后回顾了过去科技的发展曾经对阅读构成的威胁，接着讲到阅读的新趋势和方式。第五段说明科技的发展对阅读所造成的具体影响。第六段提到现实世界中需要什么样的人——既适应现代技术的发展,又理解现在的变化。末段提到阅读本身也曾经是个挑战，引发人们思考如何应对现代科技对阅读构成的威胁。虽然文章没有明确提出中心思想，首段还提到互联网造成了阅读人数的下降，但随后各部分内容并没有对科技发展做出否定，而是为人们指明了正确的方向和途径，尤其末段说明了事物的两面性，C选项“技术对于传统阅读来说既是机遇，也是挑战”，很好地概括了文章的主旨大意，故为正确答案。由第三段第二句Theelectronicanddigitalrevolutionofthelasttw