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【优化探究】(教师用书)(外研版)2014届高三英语一轮总复习语法专攻略一 1((2012年江西卷)The Smiths don't usually like staying at ________ hotels，but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by ________ sea. A(/;a B(the;the C(/;the D(the;a 解析:句意:史密斯一家通常不喜欢住旅馆～但是去年夏天他们在海边一家 不错的旅馆住了几天。本考查冠词的基本用法和习惯用法。第一空后复数名词 hotels在本句中表示泛指～故用零冠词～排除B、D两项,第二空by the sea为习 惯用语～意为“在海边(,on the coast)”。 :C 2((2011年高考浙江卷)Experts think that ________ re cently discovered painting may be ________ Picasso. A(the;/ B(a;the C(a;/ D(the;a 解析:句意:专家们认为近来发现的那部绘画作品可能是毕加索的作品。句 中painting前有修饰语recently discovered～所以此处的painting是特指～故其前 用定冠词the,第二个空后的Picasso本来是专有名词～指“毕加索”其人～但是 在本句中～它指的是“一部毕加索的作品”～所以其前用不定冠词a～这实际上 是专有名词具体化的使用。 答案:D 3((2012年高考浙江卷)The development of industry has been ________ gradual process throughout ________ human existence，from stone tools to modern technology. A(/;the B(the;a C(a;/ D(a;a 解析:句意:在整个人类历史上～从石器时代到现代科技时代～工业的发展 是一个渐进的过程。此题考查冠词的用法。两个空格处所限定的名词均是抽象名 词～但是第一空是抽象名词具体化的用法～而第二空后human existence是抽象 概念～故第一空用不定冠词～第二空用零冠词。 答案:C 4. (2011年高考福建卷)The lack of eco-friendly habits among the public is thought to be a major________of global climate change. A(result B(cause C(warning D(reflection 解析:句意:公众缺乏环境保护的习惯被认为是全球气候变化的一个主要原 因。result 结果,cause 起因,warning 警告～告诫,reflection反映。由语境和 句意可知:lack是原因～change是结果。故B项正确。 答案:B 5((2012年高考安徽卷)Carl is studying ________ food science at college and hopes to open up ________ meat processing factory of his own one day. A(/;a B(/;the C(the;a D(the;the 解析:句意:卡尔正在大学里学食品科学～他希望将来有一天他自己开一家 肉食品加工厂。考查冠词的基本用法。第一空后的science为不可数名词～在本 句中表示“学科”～表示学科的名词往往与零冠词连用～故排除C、D两项,第 二空后的factory在本句中表示泛指～故与不定冠词连用～a factory of his own意 为:一家他自己的工厂。 答案:A 6((2013年福州质量检测)Fortunately，rescuers were able to gain________to the disaster hit area soon enough. A(access B(track C(means D(passage 解析:考查名词辨析。句意:幸运的是～救援者能很快进入灾区。gain access to sth.表示“进入(某地)～见到(某人或某物)”～符合句意～故选A项。 答案:A 7((2013年合肥质检)Being able to speak another language fluently could be a great________when you are looking for a job. A(advantage B(chance C(assistance D(importance 解析:考查名词辨析。从句意“能够流利地讲一门外语在找工作时是一种优势”可知选A项advantage“优势”。B项表示“机会”,C项表示“帮助～援助”,D项表示“重要性”～都与语境不符。 答案:A 8(She is the only one among the________writers who often works in that________shop for her new story. A(woman;shoe B(women;shoe C(woman;shoes' D(women;shoes' 解析:woman作定语修饰的名词writers是复数～所以woman要用复数形式,shoe作定语用单数～表示店的类别。 答案:B 9((2013年福州质检)Online shopping has become popular in China，which is the result of the fast________of our modern life. step A(rate B( C(pace D(walk 解析:句意:网上购物已经在中国流行起来～这是我们现代生活快节奏的结果。pace“步伐～速度～节奏”～符合句意。 答案:C 10(The education of ________young is always________hot and serious topic in modern society. A(the;/ B(a;the C(/;the D(the;a 解析:考查冠词。第一空是the，形容词～这里表示“年轻人”,第二空表示“一个热门而严肃的话题”～表泛指～故用不定冠词a～故选D项。 答案:D 11((2012年高考重庆卷)Sam has been appointed ________ manager of the engineering department to take ________ place of George. A(/;/ B(the;/ C(the;the D(/;the 解析:句意:Sam已被任命为工程部的经理～以取代George。考查冠词的 基本用法及习惯用法。第一空后为表示职务的名词～故用零冠词,take the place of... 为固定动词短语～意为“取代”～所以选D项。 答案:D 12(Low carbon lifestyle is of great benefit to improve________world environment.Nothing can be enjoyed from it until you have________deep understanding of it，however. A(a;the B(/;a C(the;/ D(the;a 解析:第一空用the表示特指,第二空understanding是抽象名词具体化了～ 所以用不定冠词a。 答案:D 13((2013年济宁模拟)Shanghai is ________most beautiful city and we are excited that Expo 2010 Shanghai China has been________great success. the;a A(a;a B( C(a;the D(the;the 解析:在句中没有表示范围的状语时～“a most，adj.，n.”结构中的“most” 相当于“very”。第二空抽象名词success作可数名词～与不定冠词连用～意为“一 个成功的事或人”。 答案:A 14(As ________mountains beyond our village are becoming greener and greener，they have become________home to a large amount of wildlife. A(the;/ B(the;a C(/;/ D(the;the 解析:考查冠词。第一空～这里表示特指～故用定冠词the,第二空become home to...“成为„„的家园”～为固定短语～不用冠词～即A项正确。 答案:A 15(This is just________challenging job all the students want to get.Do you have anyone in ________mind for it? A(a;the B(the;/ C(the;the D(a;/ 解析:考查冠词。第一空～challenging job后有定语从句限制～在此表特指～用定冠词,第二空have sb.in mind是固定词组～表示“心中有适当人选”～所以选B项。 答案:B