《北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试历年真题名家详解》

《北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试历年真题名家详解》《北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试历年真题名家详解》PAGEPAGE56《北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试历年真题名家详解》北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试《历年真题名家详解》中国人民大学刘本政。分享名师智慧，体验真题精髓。。详尽解析1992年～2007年的三级英语真题。阅读，完型均配有全文翻译。揭示命题角度，归纳应试技能及题解的方法北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试2007年4月真题PartIReadingComprehension(30%)Directions:Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Passage1Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Manyayoungpersontellsmehewantstobeawriter.(76)Ialwaysencouragesuchpeople,butIalsoexplainthatthere’sabigdifferencebetween“beingawriter’andwriting.Inmostcasestheseindividualsaredreamingofwealthandfame,notthelonghouraloneatatypewriter.“You’vegottowanttowrite,”Isaytothem,“notwanttobeawriter”.Therealityisthatwritingisalonely,privateandpoor-payingaffair.Foreverywriterkissedbyfortunetherearethousandsmorewhoselongingisneverrewarded.WhenIlefta20-yearcareerinthe.CoastGuardtobecomeafreelance(自由栏目)writer,Ihadnoprospectsatall.WhatIdidhavewasafriendwhofoundmemyroominaNewYorkapartmentbuilding.Itdidn’tevenmatterthatitwascoldandhadnobathroom.Iimmediatelyboughtausedmanualtypewriterandfeltlikeagenuinewriter.Afterayearorso,however,Istillhadn’tgottenabreakandbegantodoubtmyself.ItwassohardtosellastorythatIbarelymadeenoughtoeat.ButIknewIwantedtowrite,Ihaddreamedaboutitforyears.Iwasn’tgoingtobeoneofthosepeoplewhodiewondering:Whatif(77)Iwouldkeepputtingmydreamtothetesteventhoughitmeantlivingwithuncertaintyandfearoffailure.Thisistheshadowlandofhope,andanyonewithadreammustlearntolivethere.Thepassageismeantto______.warnyoungpeopleofthehardshipsthatasuccessfulwriterhastoexperienceadviseyoungpeopletogiveuptheirideaofbecomingaprofessionalwritershowyoungpeopleit’sunrealisticforawritertopursuewealthandfameencourageyoungpeopletopursueawritingcareerWhatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?Genuinewritersoftenfindtheirworkinterestingandrewarding.Awriter’ssuccessdependsonluckratherthanonefforts.Famouswritersusuallyliveinpovertyandisolation.ThechancesforwritertobecomesuccessfularesmallWhydidtheauthorbegintodoubthimselfafterthefirstyearofhiswritingcareer?Hewasn’tabletoproduceasinglebook.Hehadn’tseenachingforthebetter.Hewasn’tabletohavearestforawholeyear.Hethoughthathelackedimagination.“…peoplewhodiewondering:Whatif”(Lin4-5,Para-3)refersto“those_____”.whothinktoomuchofthedarksideoflifewhoregretgivinguptheircareerhalfwaywhothinkalotwithoutmakingadecisionwhoarefullofimaginationevenupondeath“Shadowland”inthelastsentencerefersto_____.thewonderlandonoftendreamsaboutthebrightfuturethatoneislookingforwardtothestateofuncertaintybeforeone’sfinalgoalisreachedaworldthatexistsonlyinone’simaginationPassage2Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Manisalandanimal,butheisalsocloselytiedtothesea.Throughouthistorytheseahasservedtheneedsofman.Theseahasprovidedmanwithfoodandaconvenientwaytotraveltomanypartsoftheworld.Toady,expertsbelievethatnearlytwo-thirdsoftheworld’spopulationlivewithineightykilometersoftheseacoast.(78)Inthemoderntechnologicalworldtheseaoffersmanyresourcestohelpmankindsurvive.Resourcesonlandarebeginningtogrowless.Thesea,however,stilloffershopetosupplymanyofman’sneedsinthefuture.Therichesoftheseayettobedevelopedbyman’stechnologyareimpressive.Oilandgasexplorationshaveexistedfornearlythirtyyears.Valuableamountsofmineralssuchasiron,copperandsoonexistontheoceanfloor.Besidesoilandgas,theseamayoffernewsourcesofenergy.Forexample,warmtemperatureoftheoceancanbeusedasthesteaminasteamship.Seamayalsoofferasourceofenergyaselectricityformankind.Technologyisenablingmantoexploreevendeeperunderthesea.Itisobviousthatthetechnologytoharvesttheseacontinuestoimprove.(79)Bythe2050,expertsbelievethattheproblemstoexplorethefood,mineralsandenergyresourcesoftheseawillhavebeenlargel7ysolved.6.Whatisthebeattitleforthepassage?A.NeedsofMan.B.SeaHarvestandFoodC.SeaandSourcesofEnergyD.SeaExploringTechnology.7.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.A.manhasn’tcompletelymadeuseoftherichesoftheseaB.technologyforexploringtheseahasbeensolvedC.harvestingriceintheseawillbemadepossibleD.inthenearfuturemancanliveontheoceanfloor8.Whydoestheauthormentionasteamship?A.Toillustratethatmancanmakeuseofsourcesofenergyfromthesea.B.Toshowthatasteamshipisbetterthanotherkindsofships.C.Toarguethatmanshouldusesteamships.D.Toindicatethatitiswarmerintheoceanthanonland.9.Accordingtotheauthor,technologyisimportantbecause______.A.resourcesonlandarerunningshortintenyearsB.mancanuseittoexplorethedeeperseaC.itisalotoffundivingintotheseaD.ancientpeopleusedittoexplorethesea10.Accordingtotheauthor,whenwilltheproblemstoexplorethedeepersealargelybesolved?A.Inthenextgeneration.B.Bytheendofthe20thcentury.C.Inthenearfuture.Bythemiddleofthe21stcentury..Passage3Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Today,cigarettesmokingisacommonhabit.Aboutforty-threepercentoftheadultmenandthirty-onepercentoftheadultwomenintheUnitedStatessmokecigarettesregularly.Itisencouragingtoseethatmillionsofpeoplehavegivenupsmoking.Itisafactthatmenasagroupsmokemorethanwomen.Amongbothmenandwomentheagegroupwiththehighestproportionofsmokersis24-44.Income,education,andoccupationallplayapartindeterminingaperson’ssmokinghabit.Citypeoplesmokemorethanpeoplelivingonfarms.Well-educatedmenwithhighincomesarelesslikelytosmokecigarettesthanmenwithfeweryearsofschoolingandlowerincomes.Ontheotherhand,ifawell-educatedmanwithahigherincomesmokedatall,heislikelytosmokemorepacksofcigarettesperday.Thesituationissomewhatdifferentforwomen.(80)Thereareslightlymoresmokersamongwomenwithhigherfamilyincomeandhighereducationthanamongthelowerincomeandlowereducationalgroups.Thesemorehighlyeducatedwomentendtosmokemoreheavily.Amongteenagersthepictureissimilar.Therearefewerteenagedsmokersfromupper-income,well-educatedfamilies,andfewerfromfamilieslivinginfarmareas.Childrenaremostlikelytostartsmokingifoneorbothoftheirparentssmoke.11.WhatdoweknowfromthefirstparagraphMoreandmorepeopletakeupthehabitofsmoking.TherearemoresmokingwomenthansmokingmeninUSA.Itisgoodnewsthatmorepeoplehavegivenupsmoking.The.hasmoresmokingpeoplethananyothercountry.factorsdetermineaperson’ssmokinghabitsAge,incomeandeducation.Age,sexandincome.Occupation,incomeandsex.Occupation,incomeandeducation.ofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassageCitypeoplearelesslikelytosmoke.Peopleinruralareasaremorelikelytosmoke.Menwithhigherincometendtosmoke.Well-educatedmenwithhighincomesaregenerallylesslikelytosmoke.isthesmokingsituationforwomenThesituationisquitethesameforwomenasformen.Better-educatedwomenarelikelytosmokeheavily.Therearemorewomensmokerswithlowincomes.Womenwithhigherincomesandhighereducationdonottendtosmoke.canwesayaboutteenagedsmokersThepictureabouttheteenagesmokersissimilartothatofwomensmokers.Thesituationamongteenagersisquitethesamewithmen.Highschoolstudentsaremorelikelytosmokethancollegestudents.Farmers’childrentendtosmokemore.PartⅡVocabularyandStructure(30%)Directions:Inthispart,thereare30incompletesentences.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.16.Ifyougotothemovietonight,so______I.A.willB.doC.amD.can17.Youdon’tknowaboutthedifficultyIhad______theworkthenatall.A.doneB.todoC.fordoingD.indoing18.______iswell-known,theenvironmentinChinaisbadlyinneedofimprovement.A.ItB.ThatC.AsD.What19.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered______thefirstcomputers.A.toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedD.havinginvented20.Withoilpriceskeeping______,peoplearehesitatingwhethertobuyacarornot.A.risingB.arisingC.raisingD.arousing21.Iwalkedoutofthecinema,______toreturntoseethewonderfulfilmthenextSunday.A.determineB.beingdeterminedC.determinedD.tobedetermined22.Wewereverydisappointedatthe______toouradvertisement,andourproductsdidn’tsellwell.A.repliesB.responseC.answersD.words23.Mysuggestionyesterdaywasthatameeting______todiscussthematter.A.shouldholdB.mustbeheldC.wouldbeheldD.beheld24.Beforetheguestscome,Imustgettheglasses______.A.washedB.tobewashedC.beingwashedD.towash25.Whowouldyouratherhave______thecomputer,Mr.LinorMr.Chen?A.repairedB.repairC.repairingD.torepair26.ItturnedoutthatthemanwasanexcellentpolicemanworkinginNewYork,_____hadcontributedalottothecase.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.where27._____youdon’tknowtherulewon’tbeasufficientexcuseforyourfailure.A.ItisB.ThatC.BecauseD.What28.Sheisvery____toringmetonight.Icansensethat.A.liableB.possibleC.likelyD.likeable29.Smalltalkisagoodwaytokilltime,makefriendsand____somethingwithothers.A.argueB.replaceC.shareD.match30.Somepeoplelikedrinkingcoffee,forithas_____effects.A.promotingB.stimulatingC.enhancingD.encouraging31._____you’reearlyyoucan’tbesureofgettingaseat.A.IfB.UnlessC.WhenD.BecauselikesChinesefood,buthe_____eatingwithchopsticks.A.doesn’tusedtoB.doesn’tusetoC.isn’tusedtoD.usednotto33.Hiswifehadthefrontdoorpaintedgreenyesterday,_____she?A.didB.didn’tC.hadD.hadn’tAfterthewar,anewschoolbuildingwasputup_____therehadoncebeenatheatre.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.whenItshamesmetosayit,butItoldalifewhen_____atthemeetingbymayboss.A.questioningB.havingquestionedC.questionedD.tobequestioned36..Amoderncityhasbeensetupin_____wasawastelandtenyearsago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where37.ProfessorSmith,alongwithhisassistants,______ontheprojectdayandnighttomeetthedeadline.A.workB.workingC.isworkingD.areworking38.Thepresidentspokeatthebusinessmeetingfornearlyanhourwithout______hisnotes.A.bringingupB.referringtoC.lookingforD.tryingon39.Itiscertainthathewill______hisbusinesstohissonwhenhegetsold.A.takeoverB.thinkoverC.handoverD.goover40.TheInternethasbrought______bigchangesinthewaywework.A.aboutB.outC.backD.up41.Whenclimbingthehill,Johnwasknockedunconsciousbyan______rollingstone.A.untouchedB.unfamiliarC.unexpectedD.unbelievable42.Herbrother______toleaveherinthedarkroomalonewhenshedisobeyedhisorder.A.declaredB.threatenedC.warnedD.exclaimed43.Alicetrustsyou.Onlyyoucan______hertogiveupthefoolishidea.A.suggestB.attractC.temptD.persuade44.Amanisbeingquestionedinrelationtothe______murder.A.advisedB.attendedC.attemptedD.admired45.Modernplasticscan______veryhighandverylowtemperatures.A.standB.holdC.carryD.supportPartⅢIdentification(10%)Directions:EachofthefollowingsentenceshasfourunderlinedpartsmarkedA,B,CandD.Identifytheonethatisnotcorrect.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.invitedmetogotoapartyandIdidnotwanttojoinhimthatevening.ABCDinformationwhichshewasinjuredintheaccidentwasgivenbyLiz.ABCDatthebeautifulflowershere!Howwonderfultheyaresmelling.ABCDHelen,pleaseforgivehimforhisrudeness,canyouABCDanyoneinformyouwiththechangeoftheschedulethatABChadbeendecidedyesterdayDhisoldage,heisstillveryhealthfulandoftenworksinthefield.ABCDequipmentisbaseduponadvancedtechniquesanditisABChighlyreliable.Disabouttimethatwegotosupper,forwestillhaveameetingtoattendthisevening.ABCDnowandthenhewouldcomeherepayingavisittohisoldaunt,ABCwholivedallaloneinasmallhouse.Dpassengerssawthethiefstoleonthebus,buttheydidn’tsayanything.ABCDPartⅣCloze(10%)Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage,andforeachblankthereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandDattheendofthepassage.YoushouldchooseONEanswerthatbestfitintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.WhenIwas16yearsold,ImademyfirstvisittotheUnitedStatesitwasn’tthefirsttimeIhadbeen_56_.LikemostEnglishchildrenIlearnedFrenchatschoolandIhadoften_57_toFrance,IsoIwasused_58__aforeignlanguagetopeoplewhodidnotunderstand__59_.ButwhenIwenttoAmericaIwasreallylookingforwardto_60__aniceeasyholidaywithoutany__61_problems.HowwrongIwas!themisunderstandingbeganattheairport.Iwaslookingfora_62__telephonetogivemyAmericanfriendDannya_63__andtellherIhadarrived.Afriendlyoldmansawme_64__lostandasked_65__hecouldhelpme.“Yes,”Isaid,“Iwanttogivemyfriendaring.”“Well,that’s_66__“heexclaimed.“Areyougetting_67__Butaren’tyouabit_68__”“Whoistalkingaboutmarriage?”Ireplied.“I_69__wanttogivearingtotellheI’vearrived.Canyoutellmewherethere’saphonebox?”“Oh!”hesaid,“There’saphonedownstairs.”Whenatlastwe_70__meetup,Danny_71__themisunderstandingstome.“Don’tworry,”shesaidtome.“Ihadsomany_72__atfirst.TherearelotsofwordswhichtheAmericans_73__differentlyinmeaningfrom_74__.You’llsoongetusedto_75__thingstheysay.MostofthetimeBritishandAmericanpeopleunderstandeachother!”56.A.outB.aboardC.awayD.abroad57.A.goneB.beenC.gotD.come58.A.tospeakB.forspeakingC.tospeakingD.tospeakingof59.A.EnglishB.FrenchC.RussianD.Latin60.A.havingB.buyingC.givingD.receiving61.A.timeB.humanC.moneyD.language62.A.perfectB.popularC.publicD.pleasant63.A.ringB.letterC.wordD.message64.A.tolookB.lookinglikeC.lookingD.feelinglike65.A.thatB.ifC.whereD.when66.A.wellB.strangeC.niceD.funny67.A.tomarryB.marryingC.tobemarriedD.married68.A.smallB.smartC.littleD.young69.A.veryB.justC.soD.justnow70.A.didB.couldC.doD.can71.A.describedB.explainedC.talkedD.expressed72.A.troubleB.difficultiesC.funD.things73.A.writeB.speakC.useD.read74.A.usBritishB.BritishusC.usBritainD.weBritish75.A.suchB.theseC.someD.allthePartⅤTranslation(20%)SectionADirections:Inthispart,therearefivesentenceswhichyoushouldtranslateintoChinese.Thesesentencesarealltakenfromthe3passagesyouhavejustreadinthepartofReadingComprehension.Youcanreferbacktothepassagessoastoidentifytheirmeaningsinthecontext.76.Ialwaysencouragesuchpeople,butIalsoexplainthatthere’sabigdifferencebetween“beingawriter”andwriting.77.Iwouldkeepputtingmydreamtothetesteventhoughitmeantlivingwithuncertaintyandfearoffai8lure.78.Inthemoderntechnologicalworldtheseaoffersmanyresourcestohelpmankindsurvive.79.Bytheyear2050,expertsbelievethattheproblemstoexplorethefood,mineralsandenergyresourcesoftheseawillhavebeenlargelysolved.80.Thereareslightlymoresmokersamongwomenwithhigherfamilyincomesandhighereducationthanamongthelowerincomeandlowereducationalgroups.SectionBDirections:Inthispart,therearefivesentencesinChinese.YoushouldtranslatethemintoEnglish.Besuretowriteclearly.81．事实上，水污染的危害远不止这点。82．这个问题不像我们最初想象的那么复杂。83．如果你那时没有及时离开，我无法想象会发生什么情况。84．他们发现在下午6点前不可能完成这项工作。85．由于我没有读过这本书，所以我无法对此做出评论。答案与解析第一部分阅读理解第一篇阅读一、文章大意及结构分析这篇文章主要讲了成为作家的艰辛生活。在现当代，许多文学青年酷爱写作，梦想成为作家。这个工作名利双收。作者针对这一现象，以自己的亲身体验作为例子，来说明写作和成为作家的区别。成为作家就要适应孤独，要经历坎坷失败，而最后能成功的人也并不多。但作者说，这是他的梦想，他不会放弃，而要坚强的走下去。二、试题详解1、【答案】A.这道题考察考生对文章的整体把握能力。作者在开头便点明写作和成为作家是不同的，指出很多年轻人的想法是不成熟的。接下来又以亲身经历说明成为作家的艰辛。2、【答案】D.一个作家成功的比率是非常小的。在文章的第二段中提到Foreverywriterkissedbyfortunetherearethousandsmorewhoselongingisneverrewarded.虽然有一些可以得到财富，但上千的作家的努力却得不到回报。说明作家成功是非常困难的。3、【答案】B.作者在从事写作的第一年怀疑自己是应为他没有看到情况比一开始有所好转。4、【答案】C.因为这些人总去问whatif，说明他们总是犹豫不决，对自己的未来举棋不定，做不出最终决定。5、【答案】C.这道题考察对词汇的理解。Shadowland是指一种在目标实现前的不确定状态。三、文章长难句分析1、Ialwaysencouragesuchpeople,butIalsoexplainthatthere’sabigdifferencebetween“beingawriter’andwriting.我总是鼓励这些人，但我也会解释一下，写作和当作家是有很大不同的。这是一个转折句，用but相连。后面的句子是宾语从句，that后面的内容是explain的宾语。2、Iwouldkeepputtingmydreamtothetesteventhoughitmeantlivingwithuncertaintyandfearoffailure.我仍然会把希望寄托在这次考验上，尽管这意味着面对不确定和对失利的害怕。这也是一个转折关系的句子，用eventhough连接，eventhough,尽管。四、核心词汇inmostcases,在多数情况下；dreamof,梦想；free-lancewriter,自由栏目作者；apartmentbuilding,公寓楼；keepdoingsth.,坚持做某事五、文章翻译许多年轻人跟我说想成为作家。我总是鼓励这些人，但我也会解释一下，写作和当作家是有很大不同的。在多数情况下，这些年轻人梦想着财富与声望，而没有想到在打字机前度过的漫长而又孤独的时光。“你们只是想写作”，我告诉他们，“而不是想成为作家。”事实上，写作是一项孤独、私密而又报酬很低的工作。虽然有一些可以得到财富，但上千的作家的努力却得不到回报。当我辞去从事了20年的美国海岸守卫队的工作而成为一名自由栏目的作家，我就变得没有前途了。我让一位朋友在纽约帮我找到一所公寓。我不在乎它既寒冷又没有浴室。我马上买了一台二手的打字机并感觉自己真正成了一名作家。然而，一年之后，我仍得不到休息并开始怀疑自己。卖掉一个故事是如此困难以至于我的温饱都成了问题。但是我知道我想要写作，因为这是我多年来的梦想。有些人到死都会不断问自己“如果我…”，我是不会成为那种人的。我仍然会把希望寄托在这次考验上，尽管这意味着面对不确定和对失利的害怕。这是虚幻的理想世界，但每一个有梦想的人都要学会在那里生活。第二篇阅读一、文章大意及结构分析这篇文章属于科技说明文。一般科技说明文属于阅读理解的难点，因为话题比较生涩，不如一些故事性文章容易理解。这篇文章主要讲海洋资源的利用。随着陆地资源的日益枯竭，海洋已成为人们获取资源的主要场所。在近30年，石油和天然气是海底探测的主要内容，但一些新能源也不断出现。随着勘探技术的不断进步，专家们相信到2050年，从海洋中发掘食物，矿物和能量资源的问题将在很大程度上得到解决。二、试题详解6、【答案】D.这篇文章主要讲的海洋资源的利用。作者一直在强调，技术在海洋资源探测中所起到的重要作用。并在文章结尾说，随着技术的进步，从海洋中发掘食物、矿物和新能源的问题将在很大程度上得到解决。7、【答案】A.人类还没有完全利用海洋的丰富资源。文章的第二段提到，随着陆地资源的日益枯竭，海洋还能为人类未来的需求提供资源。第三段的开头承接说，海洋可开发的丰富的资源是非常惊人的。所以选A.8、【答案】A.作者在文章中提到蒸汽船，就是为了说明人类可以利用很多种海洋资源。文章第四段说，除了石油和天然气，海洋还提供了很多新能源，接着就以蒸汽船为例证明这一点。9、【答案】B.人类可以利用技术开发深海。第三段第一句作者提到，人类利用技术可以开发的海洋资源是惊人的。其他三项都没有提到。10、【答案】D.21世纪五十年代。就是2050年左右。三、文章长难句分析1、Inthemoderntechnologicalworldtheseaoffersmanyresourcestohelpmankindsurvive.在当今科技时代，海洋为人类生存提供了很多资源。Moderntechnologicalworld,现代化的技术世界。2、Bythe2050,expertsbelievethattheproblemstoexplorethefood,mineralsandenergyresourcesoftheseawillhavebeenlargel7ysolved.到2050年，专家们相信从海洋中发掘食物，矿物和能量资源的问题将得到很大程度上的解决。此句为that引导的宾语从句，that后面的内容都是believe的宾语。四、核心词汇landanimal,陆地动物；tieto,相连；servetheneed,为需要服务；providesb.with,提供；oceanfloor,海底；solvetheproblem,解决问题五、文章翻译人类是陆地动物，但也与海洋有着密切的联系。贯穿人类历史，海洋一直提供人类所需。它为我们提供了食物以及通往世界其他地方的便捷的交通方式。今天，专家相信，将近世界人口的三分之二的人类居住在80千米的海岸线内。在当今科技时代，海洋为人类生存提供了很多资源。陆地上的资源在逐渐减少。然而，海洋还将在未来满足人类的需求。等待人类先进技术去开发的丰富的海洋资源是惊人的。在最近30年，出现了石油和气体的勘探。大量的矿物，像是铁、铜都出现在海底。除了石油和气体，海洋还提供了很多新能源。比如说，海洋的温度较高，可以提供蒸汽船的蒸汽。海洋还能为人类提供电能。技术使人类可以更深层地开发海洋。很显然，技术在提高，开发也在进步。到2050年，专家们相信从海洋中发掘食物，矿物和能量资源的问题将得到很大程度上的解决。第三篇阅读一、文章大意及结构分析这篇文章属于社会问题的议论文。主要分析社会上的吸烟情况。对不同性别、家庭背景、教育程度、收入水平的人群做以比较，分析哪一类人更容易吸烟。男人比女人更容易吸烟。在男性中，文化程度高的人不容易吸烟。女性则恰恰相反。对于青少年，则主要受家庭的影响，如有家庭中有人吸烟，青少年讲很容易吸烟。二、试题详解11、【答案】C.很多人戒烟是个好消息。在文章的第一段，作者便提到，看到有数百万的人戒烟是令人振奋的。所以选C.12、【答案】D.文章第三段的开头，Income,education,andoccupationallplayapartindeterminingaperson’ssmokinghabit.收入、教育和职业都在人们的吸烟习惯中起到决定性的作用。13、【答案】D.高知识、高收入的男人不太容易吸烟。文章第三段提到，Well-educatedmenwithhighincomesarelesslikelytosmokecigarettesthanmenwithfeweryearsofschoolingandlowerincomes.文化程度和教育程度越高，吸烟的人越少。所以选D.14、【答案】B.文章第四段提到，女性的情况跟男性相反。Thesemorehighlyeducatedwomentendtosmokemoreheavily.教育程度越高，吸烟数量越多。15、【答案】B.青少年的情况与成年男人相似。最后一段提到Thesemorehighlyeducatedwomentendtosmokemoreheavily.那些来自高收入、高知识家庭和乡村家庭的孩子吸烟的人数较少。三、文章长难句分析Thereareslightlymoresmokersamongwomenwithhigherfamilyincomeandhighereducationthanamongthelowerincomeandlowereducationalgroups.相较于低收入，文化程度不高的女性，更多高知高收入的女性抽烟。Slightly表程度，稍微。这句话属于比较关系。将高知识、高收入的女性与知识和收入程度较低的女性做以比较。四、核心词汇Commonhabit,普遍习惯；giveup,放弃；agegroup,年龄层；aproportionof,比例；well-educate,受过良好教育的；belikelyto,可能；apackof,一包；tendto,趋向于。五、文章翻译今天，吸烟成为一种普遍的习惯。大约43%的成年男性和31%的成年女性经常吸烟。看到有数百万的人戒烟是令人振奋的。吸烟的男人比女人多是一个事实。在男性和女性中，吸烟的最高比例年龄层在24到44岁之间。收入、教育和职业都在人们的吸烟的习惯中起到决定性作用。比起乡下，城市里吸烟的人更多。文化程度和教育程度越高，吸烟的人越少。但是在另一方面，如果一个教育程度高，收入高的人吸烟的话，那么他一天可能会吸更多包的烟。女性的情况有所不同。相较于低收入，文化程度不高的女性，更多高知高收入的女性抽烟。教育程度越高，吸烟数量越多。对于青少年来说，情况相似。那些来自高收入、高知识家庭和乡村家庭的孩子吸烟的人数较少。如果家长中有一人或两人吸烟，孩子则最有可能吸烟。第二部分词汇与语法结构16、【答案】A此题考查的是So引导的倒装句，表示“…也是如此”。一般来说So后面的谓语要和前一句话的一致。但在这里，if引导的从句比较特殊，用一般现在时表示将来，而So后要还原为将来时。17、【答案】B此题考查的是固定用法havedifficulty(in)doingsth,属于对动名词用法的考察。18、【答案】C此题考查的是as引导的特殊定语从句。Asiswellknown/asisknowntoall/asweallknow：众所周知。19、【答案】C此题考查的是非谓语动词中不定式的用法。Beconsidered/said/believedtodo表示：据认为/据说/据相信做。。。,而后面的动作若已经发生，则用完成时表示，故选tohaveinvented.20、【答案】A此题考查的是近义词用法辨析。Rise为不及物动词，表示升高；arise也为不及物动词，表示：出现，发生，意思不符；raise为及物动词，表示提高，饲养；arouse为及物动词，表示唤醒，引起。在这里是“油价不断上升”，故选rise。21、【答案】C此题考查的是非谓语动词中过去分词的用法。此处“determined”为“坚定的”，属于形容词词性，可直接做伴随状语，不加being或tobe.22、【答案】B此题考查的是名词辨析。A回复，多为信件或电话用语，B回应，C答案，与问题相搭配；D话语，这里是说“对我们广告的___”,应该是“回应”，故选B.23、【答案】D此题考查的是虚拟语气。关键词在suggestion,与suggest有关的形式都要与虚拟语气挂钩。会议是“被举行”，故用被动。24、【答案】A此题考查的是常见动词后的宾补用法，也属于非谓语动词的范围。Get+宾语+done,表示让/使…被…，这里是让杯子被洗，故选A.25、【答案】B此题考查的是have后面的宾补情况。Havesb.dosth,让某人做某事，这里是将sb提前至前面的问语，但后面还是要跟动词原形，故选B.26、【答案】C此题考查的是非限定性定语从句，表示对前面句子的补充说明。Who指代前面的policeman,这句话的意思为;原来那人是在纽约工作的优秀警察，他为这个案子贡献很多。27、【答案】B此题考查的是that引导的主语从句。这句话的意思是：你不知道规则，这不是解释你失利的充分理由。其他选项都不能引导。28、【答案】C此题考查的是形容词辨析。Liable表示“易受…影响的，有可能的（通常加不好的结果）”；possible“有可能的”，但只能说事情有可能，不能说sbispossibletodosth;likely有可能的，人可以做主语；likeable“可爱的，令人喜欢的”。29、【答案】C此题考查的是动词辨析。Argue争辩，为不及物动词；replace为取代，replaceAwithB,用B取代A；share为分享，共享；match为搭配，比得上。根据题意，谈话是消磨时间，结交朋友和和别人分享的好办法，故选share。30、【答案】B此题考查的是动词变成形容词的用法。Promoting没有这种用法，promotive表示促进性的；stimulating为刺激性的，是由stimulate“刺激”一词演变而来；enhancing为增强性的；encouraging鼓励性的，在这里咖啡是具有刺激性的，故选stimulating。31、【答案】B此题考查的是连词辨析。根据题意，应是：除非你早到，你无法确定一定有座。Unless”除非”.32、【答案】C此题考查的是固定用法beusedtodoingsth,表示”习惯于做…”.比较usedtodo则是“过去曾经做…”，否定形式是usednottodo.33、【答案】B此题考查的是反意疑问句。这里谓语是had,故反问是didn’t.34、【答案】B此题考查的是where引导的地点状语。这句的意思是：战后，在曾经是剧院的地方新建了一所教学楼。35、【答案】C此题考查的是状语从句的省略。36、【答案】A此题考查的是what引导的名词性从句，相当于theplacewhich….，故前面需加上介词in;而where前面不加介词in,本句意思是：