索绪尔英文简介

----ForefatherofModernLinguisticsMainContentsBiographyMainAcademicViewpointsWorksBiographyHewasaSwiss linguistandsemiotician whoseideaslaidafoundationformanysignificantdevelopmentsbothin linguistics andsemiotics inthe20thcentury.Heiswidelyconsideredoneofthefathersof20thcenturylinguistics.1857borninGeneva1875-1876studyingphysicsandchemistryatthe UniversityofGeneva(日内瓦大学)1876-1878enteringinto UniversityofLeipzig(德国莱比锡大学),studyingthehistoricallinguisticsBiography1878attheUniversityofBerlin,publishingabookentitled Mémoiresurlesystèmeprimitifdesvoyellesdansleslanguesindo-européennes (DissertationonthePrimitiveVowelSysteminIndo-EuropeanLanguages)《论印欧系语元音的原始系统》1880wroteadoctoralthesisonthe locativeabsoluteinSanskrit《论梵语绝对属格的用法》,wasawardedhisdoctorate.1881-1891Hetaughttheancientandmodernlanguagesatthe Écolepratiquedeshautesétudes（巴黎的高等应用学院） forelevenyears.Biography1891teachingSanskritandhistoricallinguisticsatthe UniversityofGeneva fortheremainderofhislife.1907 teachingtheCourseofGeneralLinguistics,whichhewouldofferthreetimes,endinginthesummerof1911.1913diedin Vufflens-le-Château维夫郎堡,Vaud,Switzerland.BiographyMainAcademicViewpointsSemiotics记号语言学Languageisasubjectbasedonsymbolandmeaning.LangueandParole语言与言语Languereferstotheabstractlinguisticsystemsharedbyallthemembersofaspeechcommunity.Parolereferstotherealizationoflangueinactualuse.MainAcademicViewpointsSignifierandSignified语言的能指与所指Thesignifieristhepointingfinger,theword,thesound-image.Thesignifiedistheconcept,themeaning,thethingindicatedbythesignifier.MainAcademicViewpointsSynchronicvs.Diachronic共时语言学与历时语言学Thedescriptionofalanguageatsomepointoftimeinhistoryisasynchronicstudy.Thedescriptionofalanguageasitchangesthroughtimeisadiachronicstudy.MainAcademicViewpoints句段关系和联想关系句段关系是指语言的横向组合。联想关系是由心理的联想而产生，指词语的纵合聚合。WorksMémoiresurlesystèmeprimitifdesvoyellesdansleslanguesindo-européennes (DissertationonthePrimitiveSystemofVowelsinIndo-EuropeanLanguages)《论印欧系语言元音的原始系统》WorksCourseinGeneralLinguistics（Coursdelinguistiquegénérale）《普通语言学教程》Members:LiShuangLiuZhitianMaQing