B1U02

TheBoyandtheBankOfficerPhilipRossRWBTTheBoyandtheBankOfficerUnit2ReinforcementRetellingDramatizingReinforcementDramatizingTheBoy,HisMother,andtheBankOfficer1.Workingroupsofthree.2.Imaginetheboybroughthismotherbacktothebanktoprotest.3.Makeupastoryofwhatwasgoingtohappenbetweentheboy,hismother,andthebankofficerinthebank.4.Dramatizeyourstorywitheachgroupmembertakingonerole.RWBTWarmingupQuestions/ActivitiesMorebankingwords:WBTRloanmoneyordermonthlysavingsaccountmortgagemutualfundnickelopenanaccountordercheck/chequeounceoverdraw/overdraftpassword/codepayslip/enveloppayday贷款汇票按月计息帐户抵押共有基金(美加)五分硬币开户记名支票盎司1/16磅透支密码薪水单发薪日pennyquarterrebaterubbercheck/chequesavingsaccountservicechargesignaturecardstatementtellerbalanceofaccounttraveler’scheck/chequeWorldBankIMF分币(美加)25分回扣空头支票储蓄存款帐户服务费/手续费签名卡对帐单出纳帐户余额旅行支票世界银行国际货币基金组织ChaseBankCitiBankHongKongShanghaiBankingCorporationFederalReserveBank大通银行花旗银行汇丰银行(美国)联邦储备银行WarmingupQuestions/ActivitiesWhenwasthelasttimeyouwenttoabank?Whatbank?ForWhat?Whatdidyoudo?Howwereyoutreated?Shareyourexperiencewiththeclass.WBTRCheck-onPreviewFillineachblankwithonewordfromthelistandfindthecorrespondingexplanation.Ihaveafriendwhohatesbankswithaspecial___.…herepliedinavoicerisingslightlyin___.Yououghttogetyourparentshereand___.Youknow,youreallyshouldn’thave___.Icouldn’tbelievewhatthis___wassaying.WBTRWarmingupList:protest,idiot,passion,interfered,irritationtodeliberatelygetinvolvedinasituationthatdoesnotconcernyou,whichmaybeannoyingtoothers.afoolishpersonverystrongfeeling(ofhate,anger,love)thefeelingofbeingannoyedaboutsth.tocomplain答案见备注栏BackgroundTheBeginningofBankingBanksfirstemergedintheMiddleAgeswhenpeoplegrewtiredofcarryingaroundalltheirgoldandbeganleavingtheirmoneywiththegoldsmith.UntilthefoundingoftheBankofEnglandin1694,England'sgoldsmithswereitsfirstbankers.Theykeptmoneyandothervaluablesinsafecustodyfortheircustomers.Theyalsodealtingoldbullionandforeignexchange.Theyprofitedfromacquiringandsortingcoinsofallkinds.Toattractcoins,thesmithswerewillingtopayinterest.CultureTipsBWTRBackgroundThegoldsmithsnoticedthatdepositsremainedatafairlysteadyleveloverlongperiodsoftime.Depositsandwithdrawalstendedtobalanceeachotherbecausecustomersonlywantedenoughmoneyonhandtomeeteverydayneeds.Thisallowedthesmithstoloanoutatinterestcashthatwouldotherwisebeidle.Fromthispracticeemergedthemodernfacetsofbanking:keepingdeposits,makingloans,andmaintainingreserves.Anotherpracticeofthegoldsmiths,bywhichacustomercouldarrangetotransferpartofhisbalancetoanotherpartybyawrittenorder,wasthestartofthemoderncheck-writingsystem.BWTRCultureTipsTheBoyandtheBankOfficerUnit2TextAnalysisTWBRDetailedAnalysisStructureThemeTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartI:SentenceParaphraseIfbankswererequiredtosellwalletsandmoneybelts,theymightactlesslikechurches.(para.1)Theword“church”hascertainassociations.PeopleusuallythinkofachurchasthespokesmanofGod,asapowerfulorganizationthatcontrolsyourlifeandcaninterfereinyourlife.Tobelikechurchesmeanstoactauthoritatively.Paraphrasing:Eventhoughbankssellfinancialserviceinsteadofcommongoods,theyarestillbusinessorganizationsinsteadofchurches.Thusitisridiculousforthemtoactlikechurchesbyactingauthoritativelyandinterferinginotherpeople’slivesinsteadoffocusingontheirfunctionandpositionasabusinessorganization.UnrealconditionandsubjunctivemoodTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:MainIdeaWhatdidthebankofficerlooklike?Whatdidtheboylooklike?Whatwastheargumentbetweentheofficerandtheboy?Whydidthenarratorinterfere?Whatevidencedidthenarratorfindtorebuttheofficer?Doyouthinkwhattheofficersaidwasreasonable?Wouldyouhaveinterferedifyouhadbeenthereinthebank?Doyouknowanybankrulesthatareridiculous? TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:SentenceParaphraseItwaslunchtimeandtheonlyofficerondutywasafortyishblackmanwithshort,pressedhair,apencilmustache,andaneatlypressedbrownsuit.(para.3)straightenedoruncurledhairasuitwithoutcreasesafterironingathinmustachelikealinedrawnwithapencil.Gotonextpagefordifferenttypesofhaironaman’sface.atabouttheageofforty;thesuffix–ishmaymean:1)somewhat,nearto,approximately(reddish,yellowish,grayish,darkish),2)inthemannerof,like(foolish,childish,girlish,boyish,womanish,snobbish),3)ofacountry(Irish,Polish,Finnish,Spanish).TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisTypesofhaironaman’sfacepencilMustachebeard&mustachegoatee&mustachesideburns/whiskersTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:SentenceParaphraseEverythingabouthimsuggestedacarefullydressedauthority.(para.3)toevokeinthemindofsomeonebytheassociationofideasParaphrasing:Everythingabouthim—hisclothes,manner,etc.indicated/givespeopletheimpressionthathewascarefullydressedtoexhibitanairofdecisiveimportanceandpower.TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysis“Butthatdoesn’tseefair,”theboysaid,hisvoicebreaking.(para.8)Hisvoicebecomesunnaturalbecauseofnervousness,excitement,oranger.Theabsoluteconstruction:(with)logicalsubject+presentparticiple/pastparticiple(indicatingpassivity)/infinitive(indicatingfuturityoraim)/prepositionalphrase(indicatingastate)/adj.(indicatingastate),usedasadverbialsPartII:SentenceParaphraseTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisNowifyou’llexcuseme.(para.9)Paraphrasing:NowI’msorrybutIcan’ttalkwithyouanymore.Thisexpressionisusedwhenonewantstogobacktowork,ortoattendtoothercustomers,orjusttoendtheconversation.PartII:SentenceParaphraseTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisIdidn’tthinktwice.(para.11)Tothinkaboutsth.carefully.Also:togivesomethingasecondthoughtPartII:SentenceParaphraseTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisExcuseme?(para.12)Paraphrasing:Butwhy?Idon’tunderstand.Thisexpressionisusedwhenyoudisagreewithsomebodybutstillwanttobepoliteaboutit.PartII:SentenceParaphraseTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisAndsincetheredoesn’tseemtobeanyquestionastowhetherit’shismoney…,thebank’sso-calledpolicyis…ridiculous.(para.13)concerning,about(quiteformal)usedwhenyouthinkthenamegiveniswrongorimproper(Don’tusethisexpressionwhenthename/nounisinquotes)usedheretointroduceanadverbialclauseofreasonPartII:SentenceParaphraseTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysis“Itmayseemridiculoustoyou,”herepliedinavoicerisingslightlyinirritation…(para.14)presentparticipleasmodifiernonfiniteverbs(presentingparticiples/pastparticiples(indicatingpassivity)/infinitives(indicatingfuturityoraim)maybeusedasmodifiers.E.g.:ThecatchasedbythedogcarryingthemousetoberevengediscalledTom.inanannoyedmannerSimilarphrasestoindicateanemotionalstate:tocryinhappiness,tolaughinjoy,tosinginsorrow,toreplyinsurprise,towatchinamazementParaphrasing:…herepliedinaloudervoicewhichshowedthatthemanwasalittleannoyedandimpatient…PartII:SentenceParaphraseTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysis…duringthisexchange…(para.15)theexchangeofwords,theargument,theconversationPartII:SentenceParaphraseTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisIhadmyopening.(para.16)anopportunityorchance,especiallyforemploymentorpromotioninabusinessconcernParaphrasing:Ifoundagoodchancetodoorsaysomethingfavorableorupperhand.Also:Ihadmywindow.PartII:SentenceParaphraseTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisImovedinforthekill.(para.19)Paraphrasing:Ibegantopreparetokill,destroyordefeatmyenemy.IthoughtnowIhadastrongargumenttosilenceandembarrassthebankofficerbyconvincinghimthathewaswrongandbeingunfairtotheboy.SoIusedtheargument.PartII:SentenceParaphraseTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisIzeroedinontheofficer.(para.20)Ilaunchedanattackontheofficer.Originally,“tozeroinonsb.”means“toaimagunatatarget”.Thisexaggeratedexpressionisusedhereforhumor.PartII:SentenceParaphraseTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisIturnedtotheboywithashrug.(para.22)(thebodymovement)toraisetheshoulders,especiallyasagestureofdoubt,distain,orindifference.Aculturalnote:Bodylanguageasameansofnon-verbalcommunicationisasimportantastheverballanguage.TounderstandthemeaningofcertaincommonlyusedgesturesandbodymovementsoftheEnglish-speakingworldisquitenecessarytoEnglishlearners.Onthenextfewpagesaresomeexamplesforyoutostudy.GotonextpageforthemeaningofsomecommongesturesinNorthAmerica.PartII:SentenceParaphraseTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:ACulturalNoteStop!Goodluck!VictoryGood,okay!Good-bye!Idon’tknow!TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:ACulturalNoteGiveittome.I’mangry!CanIhaveafreeride?Nogood!CanIsaysomething?Comehere.TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:SentenceParaphrase“Youarereallygettingcheated,”Isaid.(para.23)“Togetcheated”isanotherwayofsaying“tobecheated”withemphasisontheactionratherthanthestate.Theuseof“get”conveysthesensethatthedoerhasanactivepartintheaction.ItiscommonininformalEnglish.Noticethatthesentenceisinthepresentcontinuouspassive.Moreexamples:Thepoorboysnevergotinvitedanywhere.Pleasegivemefiveminutes:Imustgetchanged.Smokingsoheavily,youaregettingyourselfkilled.TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:Words&ExpressionsWordsPhrasesSentencePatternGrammarfortyishsuggestso-calledbeawareofturntothinktwiceastoinirritationmoveinforthekillzeroinongetsb.todomay…but…tohavenootheralternativebuttodoAbsoluteconstructionnonfiniteverbsusedasmodifiersTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:Exercise1Combinethetwosentences,usingnonfiniteverbsasmodifiers.1.Agirlistalkingtotheclass.Sheisourmonitor.2.Themotherholdsthebabyinherarms.Helookslikeanangel.3.ThewritingassignmentwillbehandedinbeforeFriday.Theassignmentisquiteheavy.答案见备注栏TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:Exercise2TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish,usingtheabsoluteconstruction.1.钱包被偷了，他感到很无助。2.你们在教室里这么大声讲话，我们很难专心学习。3.作业做完了，我们可以出去玩了。4.父亲紧跟在身后，她就没有什么好怕的了。5.没有公共汽车了，我们只好坐出租车回家。答案见备注栏 TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:Exercise3Rewritethefollowingsentences,usinghyperbole.1.Thanksalot.2.I’mveryhungry. 3.Heisveryeloquent.4.Wisdomismoreimportantthanbooks.5.Theylaughedheartily.答案见备注栏 TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartIII:MainIdeaHowdidthenarratorfeelwhenthebankofficeraccusedhimofunwantedinterference?Whydidthenarratorthinktheofficerandhewereonlywastingeachother’stime?Whydidtheboywanttowithdrawmoneyfromhisbankaccount?Wasthebankreallyprotectingtheboy’sinterests?Howmustthenarratorhavefeltwhenhelearnedthetruthabouttheboy’ssituation?TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartIII:SentenceParaphrase…youreallyshouldn’thaveinterfered.(para.24)Should(not)havedone/ought(not)tohavedone:expressionofcriticism,indicatingsomeunwantedbadresultshavebeencausedorsomethingwas(not)done.（本[不]该…）Moreexamples:Youshouldn’thavemarriedhiminthefirstplace.Howmiserableyouarenow.Youshouldn’thavestayeduplastnight,oryouwouldn’tbesosleepyinclassnow.Heshouldhavevisitedhisfatherinhospitallastnight,butforthisreasonorthat,hedidn’tgo.TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisWell,itdamnwellseemedtomethat…(para.25)usedheretoemphasizehowsureordeterminedoneisaboutsomething.Itisslang(veryinformal)andisnotexpectedtobeheardinpolitesociety.PartIII:SentenceParaphraseTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisAndwhomightthatbe?(para.27)Themodalverbmightisoftenusedtorefertolowpossibility.Thisquestionimpliesthatthenarratordidn’tbelieveanybody(onthebank’sside)wasrepresentingtheboyinterests.Hereitismeanttobesarcastic.PartIII:SentenceParaphraseTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysis“Look,”Iconcluded,“we’rejustwastingeachother’stime.”(para.29)Theconversationismeaninglessandthereforeawasteoftime.Paraphrasing:Look,let’sstoptalkingaboutthisbecauseit’sawasteoftimesinceyouaretalkingnonsenseandIdon’twanttolistentoyournonsenseanymore.PartIII:SentenceParaphraseTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysis…someneighborhoodbullyhasbeenshakingthisboydownformorethanamonth.(para.30)apersonwhouseshis/herstrengthorpowertofrightenorhurtsomeonewhoisweaker“Toshakesb.down”isaslangexpressionmeaningtogetmoneyfromsb.byusingthreatsespeciallyofphysicalharm.PartIII:SentenceParaphraseTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisThepoorkidwasapparentlytooscaredtotellanyone.(para.30)Avoidtheconfusion:scar,scare,scarce,scarred,scared,scarring,scaring,scary,scarcity,scarcelyOnetipwhenusingthe“too…to…”pattern:Theinfinitiveverbinthispatternisalwaystransitive,sowhenanintransitiveverbhastobeused,makeittransitivebyaddinganappropriatepreposition.E.g.Thedooristoonarrowforanelephanttogothrough.Theapartmentistoosmallforafamilyoftentolivein.PartIII:SentenceParaphraseTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisNotthatIeverheardof.(para.32)Paraphrasing:I’veneverheardofsucharule./Evenifthereweresucharule,I’veneverheardofit.Similarto:NotthatIknowof.Bothexpressionsareusedwhenansweringaquestiontomeanthat,judgingfromtheinformationyouhave,theanswerisno.PartIII:SentenceParaphraseTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartIII:Words&ExpressionsWordsPhrasesSentencePatternGrammarrepresentforcescareshakesb.downhandoveronthecasemakeanarrestwithdrawmoneyfromhearoftoo…to…shouldn’thavedoneTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartIII:Exercise1Rewritethefollowingsentences,using“should”tosuggestcriticism.1.Youcametoolate.2.Whydidn’tyouinviteyourparentsover?Imissedthem.3.Idon’tliketheorangecurtainyoubought.Ilikepinkbetter.答案见备注栏 TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartIII:Exercise2TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish,usingonewordfromthelistbelowforeachsentence.1.1997年英国将香港移交给中国。2.床太硬，没法睡。3.在这个政府里没人代表妇女权益。4.我们被迫还击。5.这次骚乱中有几十人被捕。List:represent,arrest(n.),hand(v.),too,force答案见备注栏 TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartIII:Exercise3Filleachblankwithonewordfromthelist.Domesticviolencehas(1)___notonlyherbodybutalsoherheart.Whenherhusbandgetsdrunk,heturnsintoa(2)___beastandwithhisfistsventsuponherhisangerathisownfrustrationwithhisunemployment.Atsuchtimes,eventhe(3)___lookinhereyeswon'tarouseanysoftfeelingsinhim.However,whenhebecomessober,seesher(4)___faceandhearswhathe'sdonetoher,helooks(5)___byhimself,andrepents,cries,andbegsasifit'stheendoftheworld.Sheistoosoft-heartedtoleavehim.It'snothisfaultthatjobshavebecome(6)___thesedays,shekeepstellingherself.Theincreasing(7)___ofexploitablenaturalresourcesislayingoffmoreandmoreworkersinthelabor-intensiveindustries.Sincesheisnotleavinghim,shehastotellherfamilyandfriendsliesuponliestocoverupthe(8)___(9)___onherface.Buttheyhaveallbecomesuspiciousandshehasrealizedthat(10)___canshefoolthemanylonger,soshetriestoavoidbeingseenbythem.List:scar,scare,scarce,scarred,scared,scaring,scary,scarcity,scarcely（答案见备注栏）