大学英语四级写作翻译

大学英语四级写作 5 As a university student Im favor of free admission to the parks Free entry to parks not only saves peoples culture expenditure but also makes things fairer-people like the poor and students can go to the parks frequently as well 6 On the other hand visitors should be informed to preserve the environment while enjoying the beauty of the nature 3 Those who are opposed to the Internet hold that its disadvantages are numerous 5 In the first place the Internet costs considerable time money and energy especially for those with less self-control 5 In the second place increasing young people are indulged in online games and unhealthy information which are extremely harmful to their development 6 In my opinion its 7 pros outweigh the cons The past twenty years witnessed the fast development of the Internet along with the national economy A bright future is awaiting us if we make good use of the Internet 具体化在名词复数后加such as 本段成功地运用了 扩句的方法 目的状语in order to__________ and therefore_________________ 伴随状语 Confronting unprecedented fierce job competition 第三段表示感谢和期待 Words fail me when I want to express my gratitude to you for reading through this announcement I am looking forward to your decision to join us If you would like to join our club please contact us by dialing 2293878856 倒装结构考点示例,, 例,Not only ______________ 他向我收费过高 but he didnt do a good repair job either 考点剖析本考查对部分倒装的掌握当句首出现not only 或only时句子应采用部分倒装结构即只需把助动词或情态动词置于主语之前由后半句中的didnt 可知此处的助动词应使用过去式表示收费过高用overcharge did he overcharge me 倒装结构考点示例,2 例2Only after I found out the truth _____________,, 我才意识到他是无辜的 考点剖析本题考查倒装句当only副词介词短语或状语从句放在句首时句子要部分倒装本句中时态用的是一般过去时因此应将助动词did提前无辜可以用innocent表示宾语从句中的that常可省略 did I realize that he was innocent 倒装结构考点示例,3 例3Not until the game had begun _____________,, 他才到达运动场 考点剖析本题考查倒装句Not until 位于句首时要求主句倒装had begun说明从句为过去完成时因此主句应用过去时 did he arrive at the sports ground 倒装结构考点示例,4 例4We dont need air-conditioning _____________ 我们也负担不起空调的费用 考点剖析本题考查对 nor引起的倒装结构的掌握连词nor表示也不而且一般习惯将其放在句首而根据语法表示否定的副词或连词位于句首时句子要求部分倒装 nor can we afford it 情态动词的语法特征 1 情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情只表示期待或估计某事的发生 2 情态动词 除ought 和have 外后面只能接不带to 的不定式 3 情态动词没有人称数的变化即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s 4 情态动词没有非谓语形式即没有不定式分词等形式 比较may和might 1 表示允许或请求表示没有把握的推测may 放在句首表示祝愿 May God bless you He might be at home 注意 might 表示推测时不表示时态只是可能性比may 小 2 成语 maymight as well后面接不带to 的不定式意为不妨 If that is the case we may as well try You may as well say so你这样说倒也无妨 表示推测的用法 can could may might must 皆可表示推测其用法如下 1情态动词动词原形 表示对现在或将来的情况的推测此时动词通常为系动词 I dont know where she is she may be in Wuhan 2情态动词动词现在进行时 表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测 At this moment our teacher must be correcting our papers 情态动词 have 过去分词 1 may might have done sth can could have done sth表示推测过去时间里可能发生的事情 Philip may might have been hurt seriously in the car accident Philip can could have been hurt seriously in the car accident 2 must have done sth表示推测过去时间里一定发生的事情cant couldnt havedone表示对已经发生的情况进行否定的猜测 The room is in a terrible mess it cant have been cleaned 房间里乱七八糟的一定没有打扫过 情态 动词考点示例,, 例,Some psychologists claim that people ____________________ 出门在外时可能会感到孤独 考点剖析本题考查对 might表推测的用法的掌握解答此题时应注意不要混淆了lonely和alone的语 义及用法lonely强调主观上感到孤独和寂寞常在句中作表语或定语alone强调客观上独自一人多在句中作表语或状语出门在外可以用多种形式表达 might feel lonely when they are far from home 情态动词考点示例 例2It __________________ 肯定下雨了 last night The road is still wet 考点剖析本题考查情态动词的用法对过去发生事情肯定猜测应用must have done注意下雨为持续状态因此用完成进行时 例3This room is a terrible mess it _____________ 不可能打扫过 考点剖析本题考查情态动词的否定用法这里是对过去事物的否定判断根据语法规则对过去事物的否定判断用cant have done主语it 说明此处应为被动语态 must have been raining cant have been cleaned 定语从句 定语从句Attributive Clauses在句中做定语修饰一个名词或代词被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词定语从句通常出现在先行词之后由关系词关系代词或关系副词引出 关系代词有who whom whose that which等 关系副词有when where why等 判断关系代词与关系副词 用关系代词还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词及物动词后面无宾语就必须要求用关系代词而不及物动词则要求用关系副词或者也可以看关系词在从句中作什么成分如果关系词在从句中作宾语或主语就要用关系代词如果在从句中作状语就要用关系副词 例如 This is the reason why I am not in favor of revising the plan 这就是我不赞成修改的原因 The reason which he gives for not coming is that his mother wont let him 他就缺席一事给出的原因是他的母亲不让来 介词关系词 1介词后面的关系词不能省略 2that前不能有介词 3某些在从句中充当时间地点或原因状语的介词关系词结构可以同关系副词 when 和where 互换 This is the house in which I lived two years ago This is the house where I lived two years ago Do you remember the day on which you joined our club Do you remember the day when you joined our club 限制性和非限制性定语从句 定 语从句有限制性和非限制性两种限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分去掉 它主句意思往往不明确非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明去掉了也不会影 响主句的意思它与主句之间通常用逗号分开 例如 This is the house which we bought last month 这是我们上个月买 的那幢房子限制性 The house which we bought last month is very nice 这幢房子很漂亮是我 们上个上个月买的非限制性 as which 非限定性定语从句 由as which 引导的 非限定性定语从句as和which可代整个主句相当于and this或and thatas一 般放在句首which在句中 As we know smoking is harmful to ones health The sun heats the earth which is very important to us 定语从句考点示例 例, __________________________ 只有那些不怕困难的 人 have the chance of achieving outstanding results in their work 考 点剖析本题考查对定语从句的掌握表示那些人直接用those即可后面无需再加 people关系代词who引导的定语从句修饰those who在从句中充当主语 例, __________________________ 听到他告诉我的消息 I couldnt help laughing 考点剖析本题考查对 on动名词的用法及定语从句的掌握on或upon 后跟动名词时相当于as soon as引导的时间状语从句意为一就 他告诉我的消息 应用定语从句表示that在从句中作宾语可以省略 OnUpon hearing the news that he told me Only those who are not afraid of difficulties 3 核心 动词以及动词短语的考查 例1Though a skilled worker ___________________ 他被公司解雇了 last week because of the economic crisis 考点剖析本题 的重要考点就是考生对解雇这个核心动词的翻译可以表示解雇的有dismiss discharge fire等此外本题也考查对语态及时态的掌握由他被公司解雇可知主 句应该用被动式又根据last week可以判断句子的时态应该用一般过去时 he was fired by the company 2007年12月大学英语四级翻译真题 87 __________________ 多亏了一系列的新发明 doctors can treat this disease successfully 88 In my sixties one change I notice is that __________________我比以前更容易累了 89 I am going to pursue this course __________________ 无论我要作出什么样的牺牲 90 I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department store because__________________ 它 更加方便和省时 91 Many Americans live on credit and their quality of life __________________ 是用他们能够借到多少来衡量的 not how much they can earn Thanks to a series of new inventions I get tired more easily than before no matter what sacrifices I have to make the former is more convenient and timesaving is measured by how much money they can borrow 2008年6月大学英语四级翻译真题 87 Our efforts will pay off if the results of the research _________ 能应用于新技术的开发 88 I cant boot my computer now Something __________一定出了毛病with its operating system 89 Leaving ones job _____________ 无论是什么工作 is a difficult change even for those who look forward to retiring 90 _________与我成长的地方 相比 this town is more prosperous and exciting 91 _________直到他完成 使命did he realize that he was seriously ill 2008年12月大学英语四级 翻译真题 87 Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems _________ 他们至今还没有答案 88 __________大多数父母所关 心的is providing the best education possible for their children 89 Youd better take a sweater with you _____________ 以防天气变冷 90 Through the project many people have received training and _________决定自己创业 91The anti-virus agent was not known _________直到一名医 生偶然发现了它 2009年6月大学英语四级翻译真题 87 Soon after he transferred to the new school Ali found that he had _________ 很难跟上 班里的同学 88 If she had returned an hour earlier Mary __________就不 会被大雨淋了 89 It is said that those who are stressed or working overtime are _____________ 更有可能增加体重 90 _________很多人没有意识到的is that Simon is a lover of sports and football in particular 91 The study shows that the poor functioning of the human body is _________与缺乏锻 炼密切相关 2009年12月大学英语四级翻译真题 87 You would not have failed if you _________ 按照我的命令去做 88 Despite the hardship he encountered Mark never __________放弃对知识的追求 89 Scientists agree that it will be a long time _____________ 我们找到治愈癌症的方法 90 Production has to be increased considerably to_________与消费者不断增 长的需求保持同步 91 The more exercise you take _________你越不大可能感 冒 2010年6月大学英语四级翻译真题 87 Because of the noise outside Nancy had great difficulty _________ 集中精力在实验上 88 The manager never laughed neither __________她也从来没有发过脾气 89 We look forward to _____________ 被邀请出席开幕式 90 It is suggested that the air conditioner_________要安装在窗户旁 91 The 16-year-old girl decided to travel abroad on her own despite_________她父母的强烈反对 冲刺备考 建议 1 在进行翻译练习时尽量力求翻译答案多样化以便扩展思维开阔思路掌握 重点核心表达 , 多背搭配同时利用经典搭配多造句子完善语法结构同时可以 提高自己的写作水平一举两得 , 强化重点语法知识如虚拟语气状语从句比较 结构倒装结构定语从句非谓语动词等 , 深度已考翻译试题全面掌握挖掘 潜在考点学会举一反三 Thank you for your attention Good Luck 祝大家高分通过四级考试 87Which they havent found solution to 88What most parents are concerned about 89In case it should turn cold 90 Decided to launch their own enterprise 91Until a doctor discovered it by chance 87 Much difficulty in catching up with his classmates 88 Would not have been caught in the heavy rain 89 More likely to put on weight 90 What many people didnt realize 91 Closely related to the lack of physical exercise 87 Had followed my instructionsorders 88 Gave up pursuing knowledgeabandoned the pursuit of knowledge 89 Before we find the cure for cancer 90 Keep pace with consumers constantly increasing needs 91 The less likely you are to catch a cold 87 Concentrating on the experiment 88 Did she lose her temper 89 Being invited to attend the opening ceremony 90 Should be installed by the window 91 Her parents strong objection 语法考查重点 1虚拟语气的考点为would rather，that从句，一般过去时 It is vital,necessary,important, urgent, desirable,advisable,natural,essential，that，动词原形 It is time,about time,high time，that，一般过去时等等 2状语从句的考 点为非if引导的条件状语从句此类句子多用 at timesprovidedso long asin caseonce等来替代if由 even if,sonow thatfor all等引导的让步状语从句 hardlywhen引导的时间状语从句more thanasasnot so much asthe same asas much as等引导的比较状语从句 3倒装结构主要考查only引导的状语放在句首 时的倒装形式和某些具有否定意义的词放在句首作状语时的倒装形式 4情态 动词多与完成时形式连用 5定语从句重点考查介词，关系代词which和as作 为关系代词 虚拟语气 1 概念 虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想所说的是一个条件不一定是事 实或与事实相反 2在条件句中的应用 条件句可分为两类一类为真实条件句一类为非真实条件句非真实条件句表 示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况故采用虚拟语气 虚拟语气,, 比较if only与only if only if表示只有if only则表示如果就好了If only用于虚 拟语气 I wake up only if the alarm clock rings 只有闹钟响了我才会 醒 If only the alarm clock had rung 当时闹钟响了就好了 虚拟语气,2 非真实条件句 时态可以表示过去现在和将来的情况它的基本特点是时态退后 a 同现在事实相反的假设 句型 条件从句 主句 一般过去时 should would 动词原形 If they were here they would help you b 表示于过去事实相反的假设 句型 条件从句 主句 过去完成时 should would have 过去分词 混合条件句 主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间这时主从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同这叫做混合条件句 If you had asked him yesterday you would know what to do now 从句与过去事实相反主句与现在事实相反 If it had rained last night 过去 it would be very cold today 现在 虚拟语气,3 特殊的虚拟语气词should 1 It is demanded necessary a pity that结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should 加动词原形 should 可省略 句型 1 suggested It is 2 important that should do 3 a pity 1 suggested ordered proposed required demanded 2 importantvital necessary It is high time that It is high time that 后面的从句谓 语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形但should不可省略 It is time that the children went to bed It is high time that the children should go to bed( 虚拟条件句的 倒装 虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were should 或had 可将if省略再把 were should或had 移到从句句首实行倒装 Were they here now they could help us If they were here now they could help us Had you come earlier you would have met him If you had come earlier you would have met him 虚拟语气考点示例,, 例1The victim ________________ 本来有机会活下来 if he had been taken to hospital in time 考点剖析本题考查对虚拟语气的掌握表示与过去事实 相反的虚拟句中从句谓语要用 had过去分词形式主句谓语要用 would should have过去分词形式有机会活下来可以用have a chance to survive表示也可以 用have a chance of survival表示 would have had a chance to survive 虚 拟语气考点示例,, 例,The professor required that ______________________ 我们交研究报告 by Wednesday 考点剖析本题 是典型的语法题目重点考查考生对虚拟语气的掌握Require后面接从句的时候 一定会虚拟语气语法结构为require that sb(should动词原形 we should hand in our research report 虚拟语气考点示例,, 例,You ___________________ 不该一言不发就离开家的 your parents worried a lot about you 考点 剖析本题考查对虚拟语气的掌握Shouldnt have done 或oughtnt have done 意 为本不该是对过去事实相反的假设表示本不该做但实际上却做了Without a word 为固定搭配意为一言不发一句话不留 shouldnt have left home without a word 虚拟语气考点示例,4 例4Im sure he will pass this exam _________________ 要是他多加注意的话 考点剖析本题主要考查if only 引导的条件状语从句If only 意为若是该多好只要if only如果是现在或将来 事实的虚拟从句中的谓语动词用would动词原形注意用pay attention to 表示 if only he would pay more attention to it 虚拟语气考点示例,5 例5We didnt know his telephone number 否则我们会给他打电话的 考点剖析本题考查 对虚拟语气的掌握句子中的otherwise 否则一词是对前面所述事实的否定实际 上相当于与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句即If we had known his telephone number因此后面句子应该采用相应的虚拟语气谓语动词用would have done 的 形式 otherwise we would have telephoned him 条件状语从句 连接词主要有 if unless asso long as on condition that 等 if 引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种非真实条件句已在虚拟 语气中阐述 unless if not Lets go out for a walk unless you are too tired If you are not too tied lets go out for a walk 表示"一就"的结构 hardlywhen no soonerthan和as soon as都可以表示一就的意思 例 I had hardly scarcely got home when it began to rain I had no sooner got home than it began to rain As soon as I got home it began to rain 其他常用来引导条件状语从句的连 词 其他常用来引导条件状语从句的连词有as long asso long as 只要 on condition that 条件是 supposesupposing 假如 providedproviding that 假如 grantedgranting that 假定 given that 假设 等例如 Ill buy it on condition that the price is fair 只要价格合理我就买 You can fly to London this evening providedproviding you dont mind changing planes in Paris 假如你不介意在巴黎换飞机的话今天晚上你就可以飞往伦敦 Given that he wont agree what shall we do 假定他不同意我们该怎么办 Suppose Supposing that it rains tomorrow will you still come 假如明天下雨 你还来吗 条件状语从句考点示例,, 例,Please come here at ten tomorrow morning ______________ 如果你方便的话 考点剖析本题主要考查if引导 的条件状语从句你方便的话通常用it is convenient for you表达此外该条件 状语从句也可以用介词短语at your convenience来代替 if it is convenient for you 条件状语从句考点示例,, 例,You may keep the book a further week ______________ 倘若没有其他人需要用的话 考点剖析本句的考点为if 引导的条件状语从句前句中的情态动词may说明此处应为一般现在时 if no one else requires it 条件状语从句考点示例,3 例3______________ 只要他努力 工作 I dont mind when he finishes the experiment 考点剖析本句考查 条件状语从句只要 so long as 是英语中最为常见的表达方式之一应该牢牢掌握 So long as he works hard 让步状语从句 though although 注意 though和although同义一般情况下可以互换使用但although比though 语气更重且多用于句首 Although its raining they are still working in the field 虽然在下雨但他们仍在地里干活 I was late for the last train though I hurried 虽然我拼命赶路还是没有搭上最后一班火车 as和though引导的让步状语从句 Though 引导的让步状语从句可用倒装也 可不用倒装结构as引导的让步状语从句必须用倒装结构作表语的名词如果提前 倒装有不定冠词aan时在倒装结构中应省去冠词例如 Bad asthough he is Though he is bad he is not without merits 尽管他坏但不是没有优点 Teacher asthough Mary is Though Mary is a teacher she is not capable of teaching all subjects 尽管玛丽是老师但她不是所有的科目都会教 Much as he likes her he does get annoyed with her sometimes尽管他很喜欢她 却也有烦她的时候 由 whetheror wh-词，ever和no matterwh-词等结构引导的 让步状语从句 在wh-词引导的让步状语从句中通常不用将来时意为无论 Whatever 后接名词 however 后接形容词或副词 whetheror在引导让步状语从 句时意为不论是否不管是还是例如 Whether my parents agree or not I will study abroad 不管父母同意与否我都要出国留学 Whatever No matter what may happen we will not change our plan 无论发生什么事我们都不会改变 计划 However often you ring no one will answer无论你打多少次电话都不 会有人接 granted that for all that等结构引导的让步状语从句 granted that for all that in spite of the fact that regardless of the fact that等 结构也可以引导让步状语从句例如 Granted that he has enough money to buy the house it doesnt mean hes going to do so 即使他有足够的钱买这栋房 子但这并不说明他要买 For all that I still feel that he is the most capable man in our organization 尽管如此我仍觉得他是我们组织中最有能力的人 In spite of the fact that it was raining hard she went to the shop尽 管当时正下着大雨她还是去了商店 He bought her what she wanted regardless of the fact that they were costly 尽管东西很贵但她要什么他就给买什么 让步状语从句考点示例,, 例,The substance does not dissolve in water ______________ 不管是否加热 考点剖析本题考查对whether or not引导让 步状语从句的掌握当从句中的主语等同于主句中的主语且从句中的结构是主语 be时主语和谓语均可以省略 Whether it is heated or not 让步状语从句考 点示例,2 例2Come and see your teacher ______________ 无论你何时方便 考点剖析本题考查对whenever引导让步状语从句的用法 无论何时 whenever 是常被用来引导让步状语从句的引导词 whenever you are convenient 让步状 语从句考点示例,3 例3__________________ 不论我们遇到什么困难 well help one another to overcome them 考点剖析本题考查让步状语 无论什么用 whatever表示作定语修饰后面的名词difficulties遇到的表达方式为come across也可以用encounter表示 Whatever difficulties we may come across 让步状语从句考点示例,4 例4___________________________ 无论多么频繁 地演奏 the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences 考点剖 析本题考查对no matter引导状语从句的掌握No matter经常与特殊疑问词连用 引导让步状语从句本句中的frequently频繁是一个副词修饰动词perform故应 该用特殊疑问词how来修饰副词frequently而the works与perform之间是被 动的关系故状语从句应该采用被动语态而且由于主句主语与从句主语一致因此 可将they are 省略另外no matter how frequently也可以用however frequently 来替换 No matter how frequently they are performed 比较状 语从句 由asas引导的比较状语从句意为和一样 asas中间要用原级than前面 要用比较级意为比 asas结构中第一个as是副词后接形容词或副词第二个as是 连词后接句子另外此结构的否定形式通常用not so as也可用not asas例如 This dress is prettier but it costs twice as much as that one 这件衣 服比那件衣服漂亮但价格是那件衣服的两倍 They usually have less money at the end of the month than they have at the beginning 与月初相比月底 他们手头更拮据 the比较级the比较级 越越 结构 The smaller the computer the faster it can work 计算机越小工作越快 The more he thought about it the angrier he grew 他越想越生气 比较结构考点示例 例,The more I looked at the picture __________ 就越喜欢它 例2 The more you explain____________ 我越糊涂 例3The more preparation you do now_______________ 你就越不会紧张 before the examination the more confused I am the less nervous you will be the more I liked it neither nor或so开头的句子或分句的倒装形式 为避免重复常把neither nor或so置 于句首引起倒装neither或nor意为也不用于否定句中so意为也用语肯定句中 表示不同主语的同样动作例如 The organization had broken no rules but neither had it acted responsibly 该组织虽没有违反规定却也不够负责 My sister often calls me and so does my brother 我姐姐经常给我打电话我 弟弟也常打 I could not persuade him to accept it nor could I make him see the importance of it 我无法说服他接受这件事情也无法使他认识其重要性 only引导的状语放在句首时的倒装形式 Only under special circumstances __ to take make-up tests A are freshmen permitted B freshmen are permitted C Permitted are freshmen D are permitted freshman Only in this way __solve the problems A we can B can we C would we D we would 答案为 A译文大学一年级学生只有在特殊情况下才允许补考 答案为B译文只有通过这 种方式我们才能解决这些问题 某些具有否定意义的词放在句首作状语时的倒装 形式 当某些具有否定意义的词或短语放在句首作状语时句子要用部分倒装常见 的这部分词有hardly little never not until rarely seldom等常见的短语有 in no way at no time in no case by no means under no circumstances等 以及部分关联词hardly scarcely when no sooner than等例如 We have been told that under no circumstances may we use the telephone in the office for personal affairs 我们被告之在任何情况下都不能用办公室的电话办私 事 Seldom did I make any mistakes during my past five years of service here 我过去在这儿工作的五年里很少出差错 Not until the game had begun did he arrive at the sports ground 知道比赛开始他才来到赛场 由并列连 词not onlybut also neithernor等连接句子时的倒装形式 在并列连词not onlybut also neithernor等连接的句子中如果not only或neither放在句首 要用部分倒装结构例如 Not only does he write the words to the songs but also he composes the music 他不仅作词而且还作曲 Neither at this meeting nor at the previous one did they discuss the proposal 在这次 和上次会上他们都没讨论这个问题 注意当位于句首的not onlybut also或 neithernor连接的是主语句子成分时句子需用正常语序例如 Neither he nor I know the matter 他和我都不知道这件事 Not only Tom but also many others enjoy reading the book 不仅汤姆喜欢读这本书许多其他人也喜欢 5表明自 己的看法 6说明公园在免费开放时应注意的事项 相似预测 Directions For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of The Internet You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below 有人认为网络可以让学习工作更有效率 有人认为网 络让青少年沉迷影响学习 我的看法 The Internet 1 In the era of information and technology the Internet has played an important role in our society 2 However peoples opinions are still divided on this point 3 Those who are in favor of the Internet claim that it has a lot of advantages 4 Firstly information searching is no longer a tough job with the help of all kinds of search engines 4 Secondly we can contact friends or business partners via e-mails or software such as Internet Meeting and Yahoo Messenger 1 开门见山引出大背景 2以 however转折说明人们的观点有分歧 3用定语从句表示正反方两者遥相呼应对 比鲜明 4分两点详述网络的优点搜索引擎邮件或软件 5分两点详述网络 的缺点浪费时间金钱和精力沉迷网络影响未来发展 6提出自己的观点 7亮点词语利大 于弊 2现象原因解决方法题型 Directions For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Due Attention Should Be Given to Spelling You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below 1如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写 2出现这种现象 的原因是 3为了改变这种状况我认为 现象原因解决方法题型模板 With the development of the society with the advent of ______ we have to face a problem that ______ What are the reasons for it To start with ______ Moreover ______ Furthermore ______ In view of the seriousness of the problem effective measures should be taken For one thing it is high time that people all over China realized the importance of ______ for another the government should issue laws and regulations to put the situation under control 相似预测 Directions For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of College Students Job Hunting You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below 近年来出现了大学生就业难的现象 产生 这种现象的原因如大学生追求的目标过高专业不对口等 如何解决这一问题改变 就业观念大学生再培训等 College Students Job Hunting In recent years college students find it increasingly difficult to get a job It sounds strange since young college students are usually intelligent well-educated and eager to bring their talent into full play Then what underlies the strange phenomenon There are several reasons for this To begin with nowadays college students aim too high All they want are good jobs which could offer good salary comfortable working conditions high social status among others Consequently most college students are unwilling to accept vacant jobs they consider not good enough Another reason is that there is a big gap between the majors some students study in school and the demands of vacant jobs So companies think some students are not fit for the jobs Solution to the problem requires efforts on both the society and the students The companies should value the students talent and knowledge while the latter should not merely aim at material gains They should be down-to–earth in building up their career Furthermore they should face their weak points so as to improve themselves and be more competent An announcement to welcome students to join to a club 本社团的主要活动 参加本社团的好处 如何加入本社团 Welcome to Our Club 第一段表明写作目的 Welcome to join our English-learning club A wide range of activities and countless surprises are waiting for you to explore 第二段介绍主要活动和好处 We not only provide students with opportunities to appreciate English movies such as The Lord of Ring My Best Friends Wedding but also hold English speech contests and English corners in order to encourage our students to spare no effort to learn English well and therefore make our students capable to find decent jobs after graduation confronting unprecedented fierce job competition After joining our club you can also have accesses to some oral English courses which are mainly taught by English native speakers for free 开头常用句型 Its well known to us that Recently has been brought to popular attentionhas become the focus of public concern One of the universal issues we are faced withthat cause increasing concern is that 中间段常用句型 On the contrary there are some people in favor ofAt the same time they say But I dont think it is a very good way to solve For example Worst of all Confronted withwe should take a series of effective measures to For one thing For another It is high time that something was done about it For example In additionAll these measures will certainly Why The first reason is that The second reason isThe third isFor all this the main cause ofdue to 英文句子的上下连贯段落的过渡衔接主 要靠"结构词"来表示 如分段叙述某一个问题时可用First Second Third 来表示衔接 举例说明时可用for example for instance来表示 进 一步阐述时可用furthermore in addition similarly moreover来加 以提示 强调某一点的重要性时可用surely truly undoubtedly clearly indeed as a matter of fact来加强句子的力度 作结论时可用 therefore in summary consequently in conclusion in short 来导出 分析因果时可用because due to so that as a result来表 现主从句之间的逻辑关系 转换思路时可用but however nevertheless otherwise等以示转折而on the one hand on the other hand for one thing on the other side of the coin则可用来连接两个相反的事实或观点 It follows that It can be inferred that It suggests that则将读者 引入的逻辑推理思路 结尾常用句型 In my opinion it is more advisable to dothan to do Taking into account all these factors we may reasonably come to the conclusion that It is time to take the advice of and to put special emphasis on the improvement of It is high time that we put an end to Otherwise Writing注意事项 不要打具体的草稿有个框架就足够了 建议写3段式作文 中间段开头句主题句连接词结尾句 卷面一定要整洁不能有大篇幅的涂抹 注意标点句号是实心点 考前把一些好的句型抄下来背开头很重要 5年内范文看一遍有印象即可 Reading Comprehension Skimming and Scanning 15minutes 1七道选择题和三道填空题 2题目顺序与原文顺序一致 3注意数字人名地名大写单词段首或句首词等相关信息 Listening Comprehension Section A 8段短对话每段为一轮对话一个问题2段长对话每段为5-8轮对话和3-4个问题对话部分共15题每段对话均朗读一遍每个问题后留有15秒的答题时间 Section B 3篇短文每篇长度为200-250词朗读一遍每篇3-4题共10题每个题后留有15秒的答题时间 Section C 复合式听写采用一篇200-250词的短文删去若干个单词和句子全文朗读三遍要求考生根据听到的内容填写所缺信息所缺单词必须用原文填写所缺句子信息既可按原文填写也可以用自己的语言表述 听力理解部分考核的技能 A理解中心思想和重要细节 1理解中心思想 2听懂重要的或特定的细节 3判断说话人的观点态度等 B理解隐含的意思 4推论隐含的意义 5判断话语的交际功能 C借助语言特征理解听力材料 6辨别语音特征如从连续的话语中辨别语音理解重音和语音语调等 7理解句间关系如比较原因结果程度目的 短对话听到的往往不是答案 该题型需要考生事先预读选项寻找选项规律从而实现预测对话内容及答案的可能性根据以往真题的特点大部分短对话的答案没有在原对话中直接出现所以依据听到的往往不是 答案的原则往往能猜对很多题目 先听到什么不太可能是正确选项后听到的才可 能是正确答案没听到什么最有可能选什么 长对话与短文听力听到的往往是答案 与短对话不同长对话或短文听力可根据听到的往往是答案的原则猜题考生在听 录音时应该一边注意听录音一边用笔勾出选项中出现在原文的内容录音结束后 再根据自己的理解结合前面的原则来做题 复合式听写主抓单词 由于该题型对 考生的理解和速记能力要求都较高所以建议考生将做题的重点放在前面的7个 单词空缺上力争在意思和拼写上都不要出错后三个句子不要听到什么就写什么 按照考试要求第二种方式按照自己的话把要点写下来 Reading in Depth 25min Section A15选10 Section B两篇短文每篇长度为300-350个词测试考生在不 同层面的理解能力包括理解主旨大意和重要细节综合分析推测判断以及根据上 下文推测词义等 Cloze 15min 选词填空测试考生对篇章语境中的词汇理解和 运用能力要求考生阅读一篇删去若干词汇的短文然后从所给的选项中选择正确 的词汇填空使短文复原 根据历年真题的规律该题主要考查的是词汇辨析短语句 型搭配和上下文逻辑关系在答题时建议考生采用相同相似相反和原文原则做题 翻译样题 Part ? Translation 5 minutes 87 The substance does not dissolve in water________________ 不管是否加热( 88 Not only ______________ 他向我收费过高but didnt do a good repair job 89 Your losses in trade this year are nothing _______________ 与我的相比( 90 On average it is said visitors spend only ___________ 一半的钱in a day in Leeds as in London 91 By contrast American mothers were more likely ___________ 把孩子的成功归因于natural talent 样卷翻译题型的主要特点 ,(考试考查的知识点包括单词短语和语法对 于大部分考生来说难点会出现在短语部分 ,(翻译考查的是学生对英语的综合 运用能力而不是翻译技巧 ,(做题要求时间短只有五分钟因此考生应对相应的 语言点非常熟悉 翻译题型的考点 1 固定搭配考点 2 核心语法考点 3 核心 动词以及动词短语的考查 ,(固定搭配考点 这是翻译中的最为核心的 考点也是近几次命题密度最高的知识点应该引起考生的高度重视比如说名词与 动词搭配形容词与名词搭配动词与副词的修饰关系名词与介词搭配更为重要的 是常见的固定词组以及固定表达这些都可能成为本次考试的命题重点 例1By contrast American mothers were more likely _______________________________ 把孩子的成功归因于 natural talent 大纲样题 考点剖析这个题目就非常典型有两个固定搭配考点1 be likely to do sth 2 oweto attributeto 把归因于 历年真题固定搭配示例 把考虑在 内 如果你方便的话 适应 对某人有吸引力 以速率 把归因于 有的习惯 指责, 控告某人做某事 take into account at your convenience adapt oneself to be attractive to sb at a speedrate of attribute to have the habit of doing accuse sb of doing sth Exercises 1The finding of this study failed to 将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内 ,,,,,,,,,,,, 2Please come here at ten tomorrow morning ,,,,,,,,, 如果你方便的话( 3Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not easy to 适应不同文化中的生活 _______________________ 4Since my childhood I have found that _________________________ 没有什么比读书对 我更有吸引力( 5 The nations population continues to rise _______________________ 以每年1200万人的速度( take peoples sleep quality into account at your convenience adapt oneself to living in different cultures( nothing is more attractive to me than reading at a speedrate of 12 million per year More Exercises 6 Being somewhat short-sighted she _______________有盯人看的习惯( 7 She ______________ 对我们的警告充耳不闻and got lost 8 The shop assistant was dismissed as she _____________被指控欺骗顾客( 9 The young man was ______________ 被指控偷了钱( 10 It is difficult for him to _________适应这里的生活( was accused of cheating customers accused of stealing the money get used to the life here turned a deaf ear to our warnings has the habit of gazing at people 2 核心语法考点 这部分语法考点大多数是以前词汇语法考题考 点的重现和转移这一点要引起同学的重视尽管词汇单选题现在不考了但是还是 不能忽视这部分题目因为考点是一致的核心语法考点最重要的虚拟语气其次是 倒装结构从句知识非谓语动词等 例1The professor required that ___________ 我们交研究报告 by Wednesday 考点剖析本题是典型的语法 题目重点考查考生对虚拟语气的掌握Require后面接从句的时候一定会虚拟语 气语法结构为require that sb(should动词原形 例2Not only ___________________________ 他向我收费过高 but he didnt do a good repair job either( 大纲样题 考点剖析本题同样为典型的语法考点考查 了考生对倒装结构这个特殊语法现象的掌握情况句首的Not only决定了倒装连 接下文用了过去时态因此这里需在he之前加did所以答案应该为did he overcharge me 大学英语四级考试 应试策略 CET-4 Brief Introduction 考试时间 125′ 分数 710′ 及格NO 成绩报告单?220′ 口语报考资格550′ 六级报考线 425′ 样卷结构各部分答题时间和所用答题卡 样卷结构 试题内容 答题时间 答题卡 Part ? Writing 30 minutes Answer Sheet 1 Part ? Reading Comprehension Skimming and Scanning 15 minutes Part ? Listening Comprehension 35 minutes Answer Sheet 2 Part ? Reading Comprehension Reading in Depth 25 minutes Part ? Cloze 15 minutes Part ? Translation 5 minutes 考试时间安排 850-900 收音机调试发答题卡 900-930 作文 30 min 930 发试题册 930-945 快速阅读 15 min 945-1000 收答题卡一作文快速阅读 最后调试试音准备听力预览选项 1000-1035 听力 35 min 注题目前没有指令 1035-1130 选词填空仔细阅读完形填空 1130 翻译 5 min 1135 全体起立收答题卡二和试题册 试卷构成 测试内容 测试题型 分值比例 听力理解 听力对话 短对话 多项选择 35 长对话 多项选择 听力短文 短文理解 多项选择 短文听写 复合式听写 阅读理解 仔细阅读理解 篇章阅读理解 多项选择 35 篇章词汇理解 或短句问答 选词填空 或短句问答 快速阅读理解 是非判断句子填空或其他 完型填空 或改错 完型填空 或改错 多项选择 或错误辨认并改正 10 写作和翻译 写作 短文写作 20 翻译 中译英 写作和翻译 写作和翻译部分考核学生用英语进行书面表达的能力 写作部分要求考生用英语进行短文写作思想表达准确意义连贯无重大语法错误 翻译部分要求考生用正确的语法结构和符合英语习惯的表达将单句中的汉语译成英语 写作部分考核的技能 A 思想表达 1 表达中心思想 2 表达重要或特定信息 3 表达观点态度等 B 篇章组织 4 围绕所给的题目 叙述议论或描述突出重点 5 连贯地组句成段组段成篇 C 语言运用 6 运用恰当的词汇 7 运用正确的语法 8 运用合适的句子结 构 9 使用正确的标点符号 10 运用衔接手段表达句间关系如 对比原因结果程度目的等 D 写作格式 11 运用正确的符合英语表达习 惯的写作格式 四级作文题评分原则 1CET作文题采用总体评分 Global Scoring 方法阅卷人就总的印象给出奖励分 Reward Scores 而不是按照语言点 的错误数目扣分 2从内容和语言两个方面对作文进行综合判断要考虑作文是否 切题是否充分表达思想也要考虑是否用英语清楚而合适地表达思想也就是考虑 语言上的错误是否造成理解上的障碍 评分 1作文满分为15分 2 阅卷标准 分为五等2分5分8分11分14分 3评分标准 2分条理不清思路紊乱语言 支离破碎或大部分句子有错误且多数为严重错误 5分基本切题表达思想不 清楚连贯性差有较多的严重语言错误 8分基本切题有些地方表达思想不够 清楚文字勉强连贯语言错误相当多其中有一些是严重错误 11分切题表达 思想清楚文字连贯但有少量语言错误 14分切题表达思想清楚文字通顺连 贯基本上无语言错误仅有个别小错 注字数不足应酌情扣分白卷作文与题目毫不 相关或只有几个鼓励的词而无表达思想则给0分 Part V Writing 30 minutes Directions For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a Campaign Speech You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below 1你认为自己具备了什么条件 能力 性格爱好等 可以胜任学生会主席的工作 2如果当选你将为本校同学做些 什么 A Campaign Speech Today I am very glad to run for the president of the Students Union I am junior in Chemical Department Since I came into the university I have always been the monitor of my class I have done a very good job for my classmates and my classmates and my teacher all give me a good praise I am good at communication and organizing And I like to help others Moreover I have a variety of hobbies for example playing basketball playing football playing table tennis etc I am sure that I am qualified for this position If I become the president I will try my best to do well I will organize some suitable activities for you I will do many things for you to reach your demands as well I sincerely hope you will give me a chance and please believe me that I will be a good president Thank you 真题作文题目 Due Attention Should Be Given to Spelling 20106 Creating a Green Campus 200912 Free Admission to Museums 20096 Limiting the Use of Disposable Plastic Bags 200812 Recreational Activities 20086 What Electives to Choose 200712 Welcome to Join in Our Club 20076 On the Spring Festival Gala 200612 On Students Selecting Lectures 20066 Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourism 200512 1说明利弊题 型2009年6月 Directions For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Free Admission to Museums You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below 越来越多的博物馆 免费开放目的是什么 也会带来一些问题 你的看法 2008年6月写作真题 Directions For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Recreational Activities You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below 娱乐活动多种多样 娱乐活动可能使人们 受益也可能有危害性 作为大学生我的看法 说明利弊题型模板1 Nowadays many people prefer ______ because it plays a significant role in our daily life Generally speaking its advantages can be seen as follows On one hand ______ One the other hand _______ But every sword has two blades The negative aspects are also apparent One of the prominent disadvantages is that ______ To make matters worse ______ Through the above analysis I believe that The positive aspects far outweighs its negative aspects Whatever effects it has one thing is certain _____ itself is neither good nor bad It is the uses which is put on it that determines its value to our society 说明利弊题型模板2 There is no consensus among people as to the view of _____ The opinions vary from person to person Some people hold the idea that ____ A case in point is that _____ On the other hand other may have a quite different view According to them _____ The most typical example is that ______ Weighing the pros and cons of these arguments I am inclined to agree with the latter Admittedly the former point of view seems reasonable in saying to some extent but _____ is more convincing 相似预测 Directions For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Free Admission to Parks You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below 越来越多的公园免费开放目的是什么 也会带来一些 问题 你的看法 范文 Free Admission to Parks 1 To encourage people to go outside and relax a mounting number of parks offer free admission now People benefit from it especially during these tough economic times 2 With free entry more people will have opportunity for affordable vacations for families taking pleasure in the natural landscape Fresh air and landscape in the parks are good for people 3 However too many people flocking into the parks might not be so good for the parks 4 For example some visitors leave the garbage behind which may cause environmental pollution Peoples barbeques and stamping will also bring damage to the grassland and other greeneries in the parks 点评 1开门见山指出现象及目的 2进一步说明公园免费开放的好处 3 转折说明公园免费可能带来的问题 4举例说明 87Which they havent found solution to 88What most parents are concerned about 89In case it should turn cold 90 Decided to launch their own enterprise 91Until a doctor discovered it by chance 87 Much difficulty in catching up with his classmates 88 Would not have been caught in the heavy rain 89 More likely to put on weight 90 What many people didnt realize 91 Closely related to the lack of physical exercise 87 Had followed my instructionsorders 88 Gave up pursuing knowledgeabandoned the pursuit of knowledge 89 Before we find the cure for cancer 90 Keep pace with consumers constantly increasing needs 91 The less likely you are to catch a cold 87 Concentrating on the experiment 88 Did she lose her temper 89 Being invited to attend the opening ceremony 90 Should be installed by the window 91 Her parents strong objection