汽车维修技术翻译

The tenth chapter   Automobile test field and safety facility experiment Section 1             Summary The vehicle test field, also known as the test field, is the place of the vehicle road experiment. To meet the car real driving requirements, automobile test field of the main experimental facility is built a wide variety of experimental road, including cars can be sustained high-speed  ring road, and can cause car strongly bumpy rough road, and easy to slide, steep slope, to square etc., to automobile experiment with stabilized pavement experimental conditions. The size of the car experimental field is small, the varieties and length of the road are different, and with the development of the automobile technology, it will be put forward to build new experimental facilities. One, function The car test field is the test site which is used to reproduce the various road conditions and conditions used in the vehicle application.. Test road is the road of the actual existence of a variety of roads through concentration, concentration, and the typical path of the non distortion. The test of the car in the test field is more strict, more scientific, more rapid and more practical than the laboratory or general driving test condition.. The main function of the car test field is: (1) quality identification test of automotive products. (2) the development, verification and certification test of the new product of the automobile. (3) laboratory test or vehicle simulation test as well as computer simulation for determining the working conditions and providing sampling conditions. (4) research and verification tests of automotive standards and regulations. Due to the rapid development of computer technology and control, part of the car driving conditions can in the laboratory simulation test and computer simulation, such as modeling the car driving on the road vibration in vehicle vibration test bench, in the driving simulator simulation of the vehicle acceleration, braking, side slipping, tail flick, speed control and other extreme conditions, with the virtual test technology field of computational simulation. But this does not mean that the automobile test field reduced on the contrary, the premise of the first test method is used is car driving on the real road condition data, these data mostly at the field collection of test. Modern test technology of the automobile road test and laboratory experimental study closely, mutual authentication, interdependence, mutual supplement and achieve the purpose of comprehensive testing and evaluation of vehicle performance and reliability. Two, scale The automobile experimental field can be divided into two kinds, the comprehensive test field and the special experimental field. The scale can be divided into large, medium, and small test field.. Large scale experimental field of 10 square kilometers, the total length of the road over 100 kilometers, the relatively complete variety, and more comprehensive test field. The three largest auto companies, General Company, Ford Motor Co, and Chrysler all have such a large comprehensive experimental field. Such as general motors Milford car test field, an area of 16.2 square kilometers, the total road length of 200 km, the total test mileage of 25000000 -3000 km. The experimental field has been perfected since the completion of 1924, and is the most representative automobile experimental field.. Volkswagen of Germany at the test field of Ehra-Lessin is Europe's largest automobile test field at present, the overall layout is quite distinctive, the phone shape high-speed ring road weeks up to 20.5 km. In have the features of automobile test field, small and medium size accounted for the majority, which comprehensive test field due to the limited area, arranged relatively compact, but test roads and facilities are complete, in Asia and Europe, most of the test field belong to this category. Such as the European Automobile Industry Association car test field, Japan auto car Research Institute, etc.. In small or medium sized test field, a large part is auto parts company in order to meet the requirements of the product development and regulations and the construction of the special function test field, such as the German company located near Hanover test field, the main road test is adhesion coefficient from 0.15-0.5 above five brake test road, to meet the needs of the company development and evaluation of anti lock braking system. The local climate is dry, the highest summer temperature can reach 45 degrees Celsius, is an ideal test environment for identification of engine cooling system, fuel supply system and vehicle power, economy, air conditioning systems performance. The world's most representative car test field scale figure: China's four automobile test field, namely Hainan automobile test field, Xiangfan automotive proving ground, Dingyuan Auto testing field, traffic department of transportation highway traffic test field, in China's automobile industry plays an important role. Figure: Second section  road test facility High speed circular runway (Figure 10-2) is the car at high speed continues to travel with, to the high speed performance assessment of vehicle, engine, transmission, suspension and tire lubrication fever, and component reliability, durability of. In turn, in order not to rely on the steering wheel to fight and circular road, the road inclination and the self gravity and centrifugal force acts perpendicular to the pavement, then there is no lateral force acting on the vehicle body, this kind of speed said to balance speed. High speed circular runway class are built into an oval or circular, perimeter is usually 4-8 km, up to 14000 meters and, width class for 12-18 meters, which allows vehicular speed for the car can reach a top speed of and test a maximum speed of a class for 220-240km/h, some up to 290km/ H. The pavement uses concrete pavement, also uses the asphalt concrete pavement, but the curve part is still using concrete pavement. In order to ensure the safety of the driving, the test of braking or fuel economy is usually not allowed on the runway or in the straight line of the runway.. In addition, the number of vehicles traveling in the same lane, should also be determined according to the vehicle speed, but the circular runway is not conducive to the measured maximum speed. High speed straight line track is mainly used for the basic performance test of the vehicle, such as power, braking performance and fuel economy.. The average length of the high-speed line runway is 2500-4000 meters, the width is 8-18 meters, the longitudinal gradient is close to zero, the individual runway or the speed of the earth curvature can reach 200kmh. At the ends of the track, the rotating corners can be greatly improved the safety of the test, especially when the brake of the car is suddenly invalid.. Because the wind speed and fuel economy of the test vehicle have an effect, so many large comprehensive test field are built with two high-speed straight line perpendicular to each other. The road shape accuracy and pavement material of the high speed straight runway are the same as the straight lines in the high speed circular runway.. Reliability enhancement test section is mainly used for vehicle reliability test, in order to the reliability and strength of the vehicle structure in the short range of vehicle structure reliability and strength of the weak link. 1 Belgian Road The reliability enhancement test section generally uses the Belgian Road, which derives from the stone road of Belgium, and is named after the typical bad road..