人文经典第三课 赵佗

人文经典第三课 赵佗 广东人文经典第三课 赵佗《报文帝书》(赵佗雕像图) ? 经典 “南越文章，以尉佗为始。”赵佗的《报文帝书》，是目前所能看到的岭南最早文献，反映了岭南早期的文明和文化水平。 《报文帝书》 蛮夷大长老夫臣佗昧死再拜～上书皇帝陛下:老夫～故粤吏也～高皇帝幸赐臣佗玺～以为南越王～使为外臣～对内供职～孝惠皇帝即位～义不忍绝～所以赐老夫者甚厚。高后自临用事～近细士～信谗臣～别异蛮夷～出令曰:‘毋予蛮夷外粤金铁田器,马、牛、羊～即予～予牡～毋与牝。’老夫处辟～马、牛、羊齿已长～自以祭祀不修～有死罪～使内史藩、中尉高、御史平凡三辈上书谢过～皆不反。又风闻老夫父母坟墓已坏削～兄弟宗族已诛论。吏相与议曰:‘今内不得振于汉。外亡以自高异’。故更号为帝～自帝其国～非敢有害于天下也。高皇后闻之大怒～削去南粤之籍～使使不通。老夫窃疑长沙王谗臣～故敢发兵以伐其边。且南方卑湿～蛮夷中西有西瓯～其众半羸～南面称王,东有闽粤～其众数千人～亦称王,西北有长沙～其半蛮夷～亦称王。老夫故敢妄窃帝号～聊以自娱。老夫身定百邑之地～东南西北数千万里～带甲百万有余～然北面而臣事汉～何也,不敢背先人之故。老夫处粤四十九年～于今抱孙焉。然夙兴夜寐～寝不安席～食不甘味～目不视靡曼之色～耳不听钟鼓之音者～以不得事汉也。今陛下幸哀怜～复故号～通使汉如故。老夫死骨不腐～改号不敢为帝矣。谨北面因使village temples Central Office every day, carry out their duties. Correspondence relating to education by the Chief of the first section marked my draft statement. Worked after a few months, I've been buried in the official program, very rigid monotony of clerical career, flavourless. 1939 of 7 August between, County, and Secretary to I with to Office meeting, for Government established one years to work reported, for time rush, prior not for full prepared, had to in way by rank Ann Mr described one years to about people, and fiscal, and built, and taught, and insurance five aspects important matters, I accordingly detailed narrative finishing written, completed Wujiang Government established one years to of work report. Turn back and forth month Shan Road, apart from the Secretary, Mr rank foot disease immobility, bamboo car instead of walking outside, square foot (except for myself and 4 guards), the wuxing, peace, SI an, Guangde, doorway swing, Zhang Zhu to the destination--wearing Bu. At diwei to the important towns of troops is difficult to access, we have to change angles, Shan rugged trails, Sun and rain on the way, hardship exceptions, if the patriotic and passions of the war, than the successful completion of tasks. An old frail, rank, long-distance Lawton regrets, admirable! In November 1939, I was admitted to the Faculty of law, College of law and politics in Shanghai, but resigned from the post office, bid farewell to this short and memorable life. (J) the siazhen boat buried Japanese morning of October 18, 1937, siazhen sick to shun Tang Qiao-cutters, 1 from Nanxun town jiaxing to Japanese boats, caught dragging behind 3 small boats, loaded with military goods. Siazhen too late to escape, jumped ashore Japan catch up with the boat, forcing him to row a boat. Meanwhile caught the migrants village Zhang Shun. Siazhen was sick for a long time, 者献白璧一双、翠鸟千、犀角十、紫贝五百、桂蠹一器、生翠四十双、孔雀二双～昧死再拜～以闻皇帝陛下。,选自《汉书》, ? 历史背景 1、“南越”与“百越” 司马迁称为“南越”，其后的班固称之为“南粤”。“越”与“粤”相通，古时指意相同。 越人分布于长江中下游以南，部落众多，故又有百越百粤之称，从事渔猎、农耕，以金属、冶炼、水上航行著称，行断发文身。 柳宗元诗云:“共来百越文身地，犹自音书滞一乡”。 唐时此地尚属偏远闭塞之地，可想见，赵佗所处的更早的秦时，此地环境交通，恶劣程度必有过之。 2、秦征南越 徙民五十万 公元前221年秦灭六国，南越也随即成为其攻取兼并的新目标。 越人的抵抗如此之顽强，超出秦国人的预想。 赵佗所在的部队，起先并不在前线，只是后援。然而战事持久，牺牲巨大，赵佗一行始由预备队变成突击队。 作为青年军官的赵佗并不知道与父母兄弟的挥手一别将会成为永别，彼时他只知军人效死沙场不惮前驱。 公元前214年，南越腹地被攻占，范围包括现今广东、广西，还有湖南、江西两省南部。 秦置设南海、桂林、象郡，“谪徙民五十万人戍五岭，与越杂处”，加强南越的开发建设。 3、任嚣南海尉 赵佗龙川令(龙川地图、古井图) 作为秦军主帅任嚣手下的得力干将，赵佗深得赏识与倚重。任嚣任南海郡的最高军事长官南海尉后，任命最信任的部下赵佗做龙川village temples Central Office every day, carry out their duties. Correspondence relating to education by the Chief of the first section marked my draft statement. Worked after a few months, I've been buried in the official program, very rigid monotony of clerical career, flavourless. 1939 of 7 August between, County, and Secretary to I with to Office meeting, for Government established one years to work reported, for time rush, prior not for full prepared, had to in way by rank Ann Mr described one years to about people, and fiscal, and built, and taught, and insurance five aspects important matters, I accordingly detailed narrative finishing written, completed Wujiang Government established one years to of work report. Turn back and forth month Shan Road, apart from the Secretary, Mr rank foot disease immobility, bamboo car instead of walking outside, square foot (except for myself and 4 guards), the wuxing, peace, SI an, Guangde, doorway swing, Zhang Zhu to the destination--wearing Bu. At diwei to the important towns of troops is difficult to access, we have to change angles, Shan rugged trails, Sun and rain on the way, hardship exceptions, if the patriotic and passions of the war, than the successful completion of tasks. An old frail, rank, long-distance Lawton regrets, admirable! In November 1939, I was admitted to the Faculty of law, College of law and politics in Shanghai, but resigned from the post office, bid farewell to this short and memorable life. (J) the siazhen boat buried Japanese morning of October 18, 1937, siazhen sick to shun Tang Qiao-cutters, 1 from Nanxun town jiaxing to Japanese boats, caught dragging behind 3 small boats, loaded with military goods. Siazhen too late to escape, jumped ashore Japan catch up with the boat, forcing him to row a boat. Meanwhile caught the migrants village Zhang Shun. Siazhen was sick for a long time, 令。 十三年休养生息，相安无事。 4、临危受命 南越割据 公元前207年，任嚣病重，知命于旦夕间。此时的秦帝国，爆发了陈胜、吴广起义，命悬一线。 “南海辟远，恐盗兵侵此”。任嚣命赵佗代理南海尉，委以重托:“吾欲兴兵绝新道，自备待诸侯变，会疾甚。且番禺负山险阻，南北东西数千里，颇有中国人相辅，此亦一州之主，可为国”。 赵佗不但有治军之才，还有治政之才。任嚣去世，他即堵塞通往岭北的陆路，以防北兵南来;同时，清洗不听号令的秦朝官吏，安插亲信贤能任重要职务，为割据称王打下基础。 汉立国当年，赵佗亦自立南越武王。 5、汉高祖“和集百越” 公元前196年，汉高祖刘邦在称帝的第11个年头，斩杀著名大将韩信，把儿子刘恒封为代王。他亲征赵佗的故乡东垣，改其名为“真定”，谓“真正安定”之意。 平定天下，刘邦并着手解决南方问题，为达到“和集百越”、使其“与长沙接境”毋为患害之目的，对赵佗采取和平招抚政策，派陆贾为专使，携带南越王玉玺等南来，册封赵佗为南越王。 当时陆贾循水路来到番禺城外登陆。经晓以大义，赵佗臣服于汉，双方贸易合法化，岭南于是进一步得到发展。至汉惠帝时，双方相安无事。 陆贾言: “足下中国人，亲戚昆弟坟墓在真定”，今欲以区区之越与天子抗衡为敌国，祸且及身矣。 village temples Central Office every day, carry out their duties. Correspondence relating to education by the Chief of the first section marked my draft statement. Worked after a few months, I've been buried in the official program, very rigid monotony of clerical career, flavourless. 1939 of 7 August between, County, and Secretary to I with to Office meeting, for Government established one years to work reported, for time rush, prior not for full prepared, had to in way by rank Ann Mr described one years to about people, and fiscal, and built, and taught, and insurance five aspects important matters, I accordingly detailed narrative finishing written, completed Wujiang Government established one years to of work report. Turn back and forth month Shan Road, apart from the Secretary, Mr rank foot disease immobility, bamboo car instead of walking outside, square foot (except for myself and 4 guards), the wuxing, peace, SI an, Guangde, doorway swing, Zhang Zhu to the destination--wearing Bu. At diwei to the important towns of troops is difficult to access, we have to change angles, Shan rugged trails, Sun and rain on the way, hardship exceptions, if the patriotic and passions of the war, than the successful completion of tasks. An old frail, rank, long-distance Lawton regrets, admirable! In November 1939, I was admitted to the Faculty of law, College of law and politics in Shanghai, but resigned from the post office, bid farewell to this short and memorable life. (J) the siazhen boat buried Japanese morning of October 18, 1937, siazhen sick to shun Tang Qiao-cutters, 1 from Nanxun town jiaxing to Japanese boats, caught dragging behind 3 small boats, loaded with military goods. Siazhen too late to escape, jumped ashore Japan catch up with the boat, forcing him to row a boat. Meanwhile caught the migrants village Zhang Shun. Siazhen was sick for a long time, “五年之间，海内平定，此非人力，天之所建也”。 “天子闻君王王南越，不助天下诛暴逆，将相欲移兵而诛王。天子怜百姓新劳苦，故且休之，遣臣授君王印，剖符通使，君王宜郊迎，北面称臣，乃欲以新造未集之越，屈强于此。汉诚闻之，掘烧王先人冢，夷灭宗族，使一偏将将十万众临越，则越杀王降汉如反覆手耳”。 赵佗听出弦外之音，“蹶然起坐”，说:“居蛮夷中久，殊失礼义”，问:“我与萧何、曹参、韩信，哪个更贤明啊,” 陆:“王啊。” 赵:“我与你们的皇帝刘邦比呢,” 陆:“王不过率数十万之众，崎岖山海间，譬若汉帝国的一个郡，哪里能跟我们的皇帝相比,” 赵佗大笑:“吾不起中国，故王此。”又说:假使让我坐在那个位子，我哪一点都不比刘邦差。 几番对话对饮之后，赵佗表示愿意“奉汉约”，称臣。 6、吕后临朝 赵佗称帝 次年，刘邦驾崩。 公元前187年，篡权的吕后对南越实行苛政，禁其买卖铁器。 赵佗认为是吕后听信谗臣之言，长沙王吴芮欲击败南海并王之。汉初刘邦共分封了包括韩信等人在内的七个异姓王，至吕后当政，除长沙王吴芮外，余者均已被翦除。 赵佗未敢把矛头直接对准汉廷，而指向了长沙王。 同为称雄一方的异姓王，相互指责对方的不仁不义，进而干戈相向，向汉廷汇报时自然也是相互诋毁。 赵佗拿异姓王吴芮说事，是给汉廷看，亦是其政治策略。对峙双方都没有让步，汉廷非但未做妥协，态度反而更为强硬。“高后用事，别异蛮夷，出令曰毋与蛮夷越金、铁、田器、马、牛、羊;即予，予village temples Central Office every day, carry out their duties. Correspondence relating to education by the Chief of the first section marked my draft statement. Worked after a few months, I've been buried in the official program, very rigid monotony of clerical career, flavourless. 1939 of 7 August between, County, and Secretary to I with to Office meeting, for Government established one years to work reported, for time rush, prior not for full prepared, had to in way by rank Ann Mr described one years to about people, and fiscal, and built, and taught, and insurance five aspects important matters, I accordingly detailed narrative finishing written, completed Wujiang Government established one years to of work report. Turn back and forth month Shan Road, apart from the Secretary, Mr rank foot disease immobility, bamboo car instead of walking outside, square foot (except for myself and 4 guards), the wuxing, peace, SI an, Guangde, doorway swing, Zhang Zhu to the destination--wearing Bu. At diwei to the important towns of troops is difficult to access, we have to change angles, Shan rugged trails, Sun and rain on the way, hardship exceptions, if the patriotic and passions of the war, than the successful completion of tasks. An old frail, rank, long-distance Lawton regrets, admirable! In November 1939, I was admitted to the Faculty of law, College of law and politics in Shanghai, but resigned from the post office, bid farewell to this short and memorable life. (J) the siazhen boat buried Japanese morning of October 18, 1937, siazhen sick to shun Tang Qiao-cutters, 1 from Nanxun town jiaxing to Japanese boats, caught dragging behind 3 small boats, loaded with military goods. Siazhen too late to escape, jumped ashore Japan catch up with the boat, forcing him to row a boat. Meanwhile caught the migrants village Zhang Shun. Siazhen was sick for a long time, 牡，毋予牝。” 公元前183年，故乡传来噩耗:赵佗父母坟墓被掘，宗族兄弟亦被诛杀。赵佗的部下都义愤填膺:今内不得振于汉，外无以自高异，干脆一不做二不休，更号为帝吧。 于是赵佗称帝，自号“南武帝”，与汉廷平起平坐;又攻取长沙数县。 吕后派将军隆虑侯周灶征讨，赶上暑湿，军中大疫，兵不能踰岭。 3年后，吕后死，汉军罢兵。 7、汉朝二次使越 赵佗再称臣 公元前179年，年仅24岁的汉惠帝早逝，代王刘恒即位，是为汉文帝。 汉文帝刘恒施以仁政，为改善南越关系，他“为佗亲冢在真定置守邑，岁时奉祀。召其从昆弟，尊官厚赐宠之”。 石家庄市郊赵陵铺附近的赵佗先人墓，原有30余座，“烟树苍茫锁赵陵”曾是当年获鹿县八景之一，明人梁梦龙诗咏云:“高冢累累列道旁，尉佗南越久称王，功成七郡归真主，事去千年留故乡”。 赵佗先人墓今仅存两座，据说即汉文帝刘恒时期修建。 汉文帝再次派遣陆贾，二次使越。陆贾带来汉文帝的《赐南越王赵佗书》，宣布恢复其南越王封号。汉文帝的书信词情恳切: “谨问南粤王，甚苦心劳意”，我原先在代，“道里辽远，壅蔽朴愚”，未与你有过书信联系，对朝廷的不公平待遇并不知情;现国政到了我手里。听说你要求提携家族兄弟，罢免长沙两将军，这两件事我已差人办理，而且你的先人墓冢业已修好。 “前日闻王发兵于边，为寇灭不止。当其时，长沙苦之，南郡尤甚。虽王之国，庸独利乎。必多杀士卒，伤良将吏，孤人之子，独人父母，得一亡十，朕不忍为也。„„今得王之地，不足以为大;得王village temples Central Office every day, carry out their duties. Correspondence relating to education by the Chief of the first section marked my draft statement. Worked after a few months, I've been buried in the official program, very rigid monotony of clerical career, flavourless. 1939 of 7 August between, County, and Secretary to I with to Office meeting, for Government established one years to work reported, for time rush, prior not for full prepared, had to in way by rank Ann Mr described one years to about people, and fiscal, and built, and taught, and insurance five aspects important matters, I accordingly detailed narrative finishing written, completed Wujiang Government established one years to of work report. Turn back and forth month Shan Road, apart from the Secretary, Mr rank foot disease immobility, bamboo car instead of walking outside, square foot (except for myself and 4 guards), the wuxing, peace, SI an, Guangde, doorway swing, Zhang Zhu to the destination--wearing Bu. At diwei to the important towns of troops is difficult to access, we have to change angles, Shan rugged trails, Sun and rain on the way, hardship exceptions, if the patriotic and passions of the war, than the successful completion of tasks. An old frail, rank, long-distance Lawton regrets, admirable! In November 1939, I was admitted to the Faculty of law, College of law and politics in Shanghai, but resigned from the post office, bid farewell to this short and memorable life. (J) the siazhen boat buried Japanese morning of October 18, 1937, siazhen sick to shun Tang Qiao-cutters, 1 from Nanxun town jiaxing to Japanese boats, caught dragging behind 3 small boats, loaded with military goods. Siazhen too late to escape, jumped ashore Japan catch up with the boat, forcing him to row a boat. Meanwhile caught the migrants village Zhang Shun. Siazhen was sick for a long time, 之财，不足以为富。服领以南，王自治之。虽然，王之号为帝。两帝并立，亡一乘之使以通其道，是争也。争而不让，仁者不为也。愿与王分弃前恶，终今以来，通使如故。” 赵佗深明大义，顿首谢罪，立表愿奉明诏，长为藩臣。陆贾还朝时，赵佗向汉文帝进贡了1000多件珍品、珍禽，还请陆带回《报文帝书》，表示撤去帝号、永远向汉皇称臣之意。 后来，赵佗还在番禺城西建起朝汉台(地近今中国大酒店)，每月登台朝北遥拜汉帝，以表臣服之心。 8、五代百岁 功绩卓越 南越再次回归统一。赵佗归汉的明智之举，使岭南避免了一场战争。赵佗被后人称为“秦汉时期的军事家、政治家和爱国将领”。 其后赵佗在南越执政达40余年，为南越的社会经济建设的发展作出巨大贡献。 赵佗是中国第一个寿命逾百岁的皇帝。 “尔时汉兴七十年，佗盖百岁矣”。赵佗见证和亲历了中国历史上著名的“文景之治”，汉高祖刘邦、汉惠帝刘盈、汉文帝刘恒、汉景帝刘启各自走完了他们的帝王程旅程之后，汉武帝刘彻建元四年，即公元前137年，赵佗才结束他漫长的人生旅程。 赵佗去世后，又过了25年，南越国消失。 南下的赵佗，再没有北归，死后亦葬在了南国的土地上。 公元前113年，南越丞相吕嘉杀赵兴，立赵建德为王， 起兵反汉。 次年，西汉派兵分路出击，会师番禺(广州)，灭南越，并将南越分为九郡: 南海，今广州; village temples Central Office every day, carry out their duties. Correspondence relating to education by the Chief of the first section marked my draft statement. Worked after a few months, I've been buried in the official program, very rigid monotony of clerical career, flavourless. 1939 of 7 August between, County, and Secretary to I with to Office meeting, for Government established one years to work reported, for time rush, prior not for full prepared, had to in way by rank Ann Mr described one years to about people, and fiscal, and built, and taught, and insurance five aspects important matters, I accordingly detailed narrative finishing written, completed Wujiang Government established one years to of work report. Turn back and forth month Shan Road, apart from the Secretary, Mr rank foot disease immobility, bamboo car instead of walking outside, square foot (except for myself and 4 guards), the wuxing, peace, SI an, Guangde, doorway swing, Zhang Zhu to the destination--wearing Bu. At diwei to the important towns of troops is difficult to access, we have to change angles, Shan rugged trails, Sun and rain on the way, hardship exceptions, if the patriotic and passions of the war, than the successful completion of tasks. An old frail, rank, long-distance Lawton regrets, admirable! In November 1939, I was admitted to the Faculty of law, College of law and politics in Shanghai, but resigned from the post office, bid farewell to this short and memorable life. (J) the siazhen boat buried Japanese morning of October 18, 1937, siazhen sick to shun Tang Qiao-cutters, 1 from Nanxun town jiaxing to Japanese boats, caught dragging behind 3 small boats, loaded with military goods. Siazhen too late to escape, jumped ashore Japan catch up with the boat, forcing him to row a boat. Meanwhile caught the migrants village Zhang Shun. Siazhen was sick for a long time, 苍梧，今广西梧州; 郁林，今广西桂平; 合浦，今广西合浦; 珠崖，海南东部; 儋耳，海南西部; 交趾，越南河内; 九真，越南清华省; 日南，越南义安省。 ? 相关链接 1983年，在广州市解放北路发现南越文王赵眜陵墓。 赵是赵佗之孙，在位16年(公元前137,122年)，陵墓随葬品很多，其中有金缕玉衣、金印。 其金印文字是 “文帝行玺”，说明虽然向汉称臣，在其国内仍然自称皇帝。 ? 音像视频 village temples Central Office every day, carry out their duties. Correspondence relating to education by the Chief of the first section marked my draft statement. Worked after a few months, I've been buried in the official program, very rigid monotony of clerical career, flavourless. 1939 of 7 August between, County, and Secretary to I with to Office meeting, for Government established one years to work reported, for time rush, prior not for full prepared, had to in way by rank Ann Mr described one years to about people, and fiscal, and built, and taught, and insurance five aspects important matters, I accordingly detailed narrative finishing written, completed Wujiang Government established one years to of work report. Turn back and forth month Shan Road, apart from the Secretary, Mr rank foot disease immobility, bamboo car instead of walking outside, square foot (except for myself and 4 guards), the wuxing, peace, SI an, Guangde, doorway swing, Zhang Zhu to the destination--wearing Bu. At diwei to the important towns of troops is difficult to access, we have to change angles, Shan rugged trails, Sun and rain on the way, hardship exceptions, if the patriotic and passions of the war, than the successful completion of tasks. An old frail, rank, long-distance Lawton regrets, admirable! In November 1939, I was admitted to the Faculty of law, College of law and politics in Shanghai, but resigned from the post office, bid farewell to this short and memorable life. (J) the siazhen boat buried Japanese morning of October 18, 1937, siazhen sick to shun Tang Qiao-cutters, 1 from Nanxun town jiaxing to Japanese boats, caught dragging behind 3 small boats, loaded with military goods. Siazhen too late to escape, jumped ashore Japan catch up with the boat, forcing him to row a boat. Meanwhile caught the migrants village Zhang Shun. Siazhen was sick for a long time, ? 字词解释 蛮夷大长:蛮夷，亦作"蛮彝"，古代对四方边远地区少数民族的泛称; 亦专指南方少数民族。 大长，首领。 昧死 :冒死,不避死罪。 高皇帝:汉高祖刘邦。 玺:xǐ 自秦代以后专指帝王的印。 临:临朝。 别异蛮夷:对蛮夷歧视对待。 牝:pìn 雌性的鸟或兽，与“牡”相对。 细士:小人。 谗:说陷害人的坏话。 辟:通“僻”，偏僻。 祭祀不修:不举行祭祀。 谢过:认错，道歉。 反:回应。 诛论:谓定死罪 羸:疲弱。 北面而臣:古代君主座北面南，臣子拜见君主则面北，指臣服于人。 事汉:事，侍奉;听命于汉朝。 夙兴夜寐 :夙，sù，早起晚睡。形容勤奋。 焉:相当“矣”，语气助词，了。 靡曼之色:指美妙的声色。 以:因为。 谨:恭敬。 village temples Central Office every day, carry out their duties. Correspondence relating to education by the Chief of the first section marked my draft statement. Worked after a few months, I've been buried in the official program, very rigid monotony of clerical career, flavourless. 1939 of 7 August between, County, and Secretary to I with to Office meeting, for Government established one years to work reported, for time rush, prior not for full prepared, had to in way by rank Ann Mr described one years to about people, and fiscal, and built, and taught, and insurance five aspects important matters, I accordingly detailed narrative finishing written, completed Wujiang Government established one years to of work report. Turn back and forth month Shan Road, apart from the Secretary, Mr rank foot disease immobility, bamboo car instead of walking outside, square foot (except for myself and 4 guards), the wuxing, peace, SI an, Guangde, doorway swing, Zhang Zhu to the destination--wearing Bu. At diwei to the important towns of troops is difficult to access, we have to change angles, Shan rugged trails, Sun and rain on the way, hardship exceptions, if the patriotic and passions of the war, than the successful completion of tasks. An old frail, rank, long-distance Lawton regrets, admirable! In November 1939, I was admitted to the Faculty of law, College of law and politics in Shanghai, but resigned from the post office, bid farewell to this short and memorable life. (J) the siazhen boat buried Japanese morning of October 18, 1937, siazhen sick to shun Tang Qiao-cutters, 1 from Nanxun town jiaxing to Japanese boats, caught dragging behind 3 small boats, loaded with military goods. Siazhen too late to escape, jumped ashore Japan catch up with the boat, forcing him to row a boat. Meanwhile caught the migrants village Zhang Shun. Siazhen was sick for a long time, 因:凭借，通过。 璧 :bì，平圆形中间有孔的玉。 桂蠹:guì dù 寄生在桂树上的一种虫，可制作成美食。 village temples Central Office every day, carry out their duties. Correspondence relating to education by the Chief of the first section marked my draft statement. Worked after a few months, I've been buried in the official program, very rigid monotony of clerical career, flavourless. 1939 of 7 August between, County, and Secretary to I with to Office meeting, for Government established one years to work reported, for time rush, prior not for full prepared, had to in way by rank Ann Mr described one years to about people, and fiscal, and built, and taught, and insurance five aspects important matters, I accordingly detailed narrative finishing written, completed Wujiang Government established one years to of work report. Turn back and forth month Shan Road, apart from the Secretary, Mr rank foot disease immobility, bamboo car instead of walking outside, square foot (except for myself and 4 guards), the wuxing, peace, SI an, Guangde, doorway swing, Zhang Zhu to the destination--wearing Bu. At diwei to the important towns of troops is difficult to access, we have to change angles, Shan rugged trails, Sun and rain on the way, hardship exceptions, if the patriotic and passions of the war, than the successful completion of tasks. An old frail, rank, long-distance Lawton regrets, admirable! In November 1939, I was admitted to the Faculty of law, College of law and politics in Shanghai, but resigned from the post office, bid farewell to this short and memorable life. (J) the siazhen boat buried Japanese morning of October 18, 1937, siazhen sick to shun Tang Qiao-cutters, 1 from Nanxun town jiaxing to Japanese boats, caught dragging behind 3 small boats, loaded with military goods. Siazhen too late to escape, jumped ashore Japan catch up with the boat, forcing him to row a boat. Meanwhile caught the migrants village Zhang Shun. Siazhen was sick for a long time,