Economic Growth is a Path to Perdition, Not Prosperityppt课件

EconomicGrowthisaPathtoPerdition,NotProsperityWayneEllwoodEconomicGrowthisaPathtoPerdition,NotProsperityUnit8Questions/ActivitiesCheck-onPreviewObjectivesWBTREconomicGrowthisaPathtoPerdition,NotProsperityUnit8WarmingupWarmingupQuestions/ActivitiesHowdoyouunderstandthecartoonbelow?WBTRWarmingupQuestions/ActivitiesPleaseanswerthefollowingquestions1.Whatistheauthor’smainargument?2.Ifeconomicgrowthisapathtoperdition,asclaimedbytheauthor,theninwhatway(s)?3.Doyouagreewiththeauthor?Whyorwhynot?WBTRCheck-onPreviewMatchthewordswiththeircorrectmeaninginthetext.1.hone2.proponent3.(tax)breaks4.foul5.way(abovetheaverage)a.reductionsorexemptionsb.pollute;makedirtyc.toagreatdistanceorextent;veryfard.toreviseandpolishuntilitisperfecte.advocate,supporter,defenderWBTRWarmingupCheck-onPreviewParaphrasethefollowingsentenceswe’vebeendrawingdownthebiosphere’sprincipalratherthanlivingoffitsannualinterest.Evenonitsownterms,growthisn’tworking.Weavoidtalkingabouttheskeweddistributionoftheplanet’swealthandincome,dreaminginsteadthatwecangrowourwayoutoftheproblem.WBTRWarmingupObjectivesUnderstandtheargumentsandreasoninginthetextExploreconnectionsandpossibleconflictsbetweeneconomicgrowthandenvironmentalprotectionExploreconnectionsandpossibleconflictsbetweeneconomicgrowthandsocialequality(well-being)(ifpossible)evaluateontheargumentspresentedinthetextWBTRWarmingupBackgroundSubjectAuthorBWTREconomicGrowthisaPathtoPerdition,NotProsperityUnit8BackgroundAuthorWayneEllwoodeditorialandfeaturewriterforNewInternationalistmagazinehasbeenwritingfortheNewInternationalistsince1979thisarticle,firstpublishedinOct.2010,isentitledNature’sBottomLinehisotherarticlesinclude:RedesigningtheGlobalEconomy,TheWorldTradingSystemisCorruptandUnjust,TheNo-nonsenseGuidetoGlobalization,LifeBeyondGrowth,etc.BWTRBackgroundAuthorThefollowingisanexcerptfromanotherarticleofWayneEllwood,LifeBeyondGrowth“Theglobaleconomyisagaingrindingtoahaltwhileordinarypeopletakethehit.TheghostoftheGreatDepressionofthe1930shoversinthewings.Sowhat’sthesolution?Growth.Agrowingeconomyequalsmorejobs,risingincomes,peaceandprosperity.Withoutgrowththesystemwouldcollapse.GetgrowthbackontrackandeverythingwillbeOK.That’sthetheory.Butno-oneistalkingaboutthebiggestdilemmaofall:economicgrowthmaynotbethecurebutthesourceoftheproblem.Afterallweliveonafiniteplanetwithlimitedresources.Howcanweexpecttogrowforever?”BWTRBackgroundSubjectHistoryofgrowthasanideaGrowthisamodernidea–aproductofthe17thand18thcenturyEuropeanEnlightenmentthatchallengedtraditionalviewsofreligionandhumankind’splaceinthecosmos.ThinkerslikeLockeinEngland,HumeinScotland,VoltaireinFranceandPaineintheUSmappedoutthisnewintellectualterrain.Thisrupturewithtraditionchangedage-oldcyclicalthinkingtosequentialthinking,unleasheddemocraticpoliticalmovementsandusheredintheruleoflaw.Theideaofprogressbecameparamount:thenotionthathistoryhasadirection,whichisthegradualimprovementofthehumancondition.Theriseofscienceandtheempiricalmethodmergedwithimprovedtechnologies(thesteamengine,gunpowder,theprintingpress)stimulatingearlycapitalism.Economicgrowthbecamesynonymouswithsocialprogress.Europeancolonialismspreadtheideaaroundtheworld.Butsoontheconceptofimprovementwaseclipsedbyanarrowfixationonnumbers.Thegrossmeasureofeconomicoutput(GDP)becamethebenchmarkforeconomicsuccess,detachedfrombroadnotionsofthepublicgood.Growthwithoutconcernforitssocialorecologicalconsequencesbecametheoverarchinggoalofgovernmentpolicy.BWTREconomicGrowthisaPathtoPerdition,NotProsperityUnit8TextAnalysisTWBRTextAnalysisThemeEconomicgrowthv.enviromentalprotectionEconomicgrowthv.socialequalityandwell-beingTheGDP-driventest(GDPiseverything)inChina(news:StopCramming:CityCancelsGDP-drivenTest)TWBRTextAnalysisStructure1Para.1-4Introduction:economicgrowthisourgreatsustainingmyth2Para.5-25Body:economicgrowthcannotbethesolutiontoourproblems,butsourceofourproblems3Para.26-29Conclusion:wecanchangeourideaandthefateoftheearthisdependentonitTWBRTextAnalysisStructure(PartII)1Para.5-11Wearetooreliantongrowth;yetgrowthisthecoreofcapitalism2Para.12-21Economicgrowthissustainedatthepriceoftheenvironmentandourfiniteresources3Para.22-25Economicgrowthdoesnotleadtosocialequalityorwell-beingTWBRTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisMainIdeaSentenceParaphraseWords&ExpressionsExerciseIIIIIITWBRTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartI:MainIdeaWhydoestheauthorstartthearticlewithDarwinandhisbook?WhatdoyouknowaboutDarwin’s“longbattle”?Howdoestheauthormakesmoonthtransitionintothenextpart?Doyouthinkeconomicgrowthisamoredangerousandmoredeeplyrootedmythenvelopingus?Whyorwhynot?TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartI:SentenceParaphraseBut150yearsago,Darwinwassailingintochoppywaters.TheChurchofEnglandhadsetrigidboundaries,andhisthesiswasclearlyachallengetotheorthodoxviewthathumanswereaseparate,uniquepartofGod’screationandthatalllifewasdivinelycreatedandunchangeable.usedfigurativelyheremeaningenteringadangerousfieldwhereyoucaneasilygetintoserioustroubleestablishstrictruleslimitingyourthinkingoractionTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartI:Words&ExpressionsWordsPhrasesSentencePatternorthodoxestablishmentunflinchingstymiesailingintochoppywatersset(rigid)boundariestrappedin…(was)whatwewouldcall…TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartIISection1WhatisGDP?IsGDPdrivinggovernmentpolicyworldwide,astheauthorclaims?Doyouagreewiththeauthorthat“economicgrowthwasamereblip”?Whyorwhynot?Theauthorsaysthat“endlessaccumulationandexpansionisthecoreofcapitalism”.ThenhowdoyouunderstandwhatproducersdidintheDepressionintheUSabout80yearsagowhentheypouredtonsofmilkintotheriverinsteadofsellingit?TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII(Sec.1):SentenceParaphraseTheequationhasbeendrummedintousforsolongthatit’sreceivedwidsom.Growthequalsprosperityandjobs.Growthequalsprogress..forcesthtobelearnedbysbbyrepeatingitoverandoveragainbecomewidelyacceptedTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII(Sec.1):Words&ExpressionsWordsPhrasesSentencePatternGrammarsustainingfeasibleunderlineresurgencedrummedintoa(recent)turnofeventschurnoutprimethepumpConsiderthis:…theworldeconomygrewmorethanseven-fold…therearenolimitstothewealthwecancreate…Growthequalsprogress.hasonlybeenaroundsinceTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII(Sec.1):Exercise1.资产价值狂跌2.减税和货币刺激措施将促进投资、提高生产、增进就业。3.金融市场暴跌4.大量公司破产5.失业人数激增6.社会病态现象增加A.FinancialmarketscrashB.PropertyvaluesplummetC.BankruptciespileupD.UnemploymentsoarsE.SocialpathologiesmultiplyF.Taxbreaksandfiscalstimuluswillboostinvestment,production,andjobs.TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartIISection2Whatdoyouthinkisahealthyattitudetowardtherelationshipbetweennatureandman?Doyouagreethat“humanactivityisputtingsuchaheavystrainonearth’snaturalfunctionsthattheabilityoftheplanet’secosystemstosustainhumanendeavorcannolongerbetakenforgranted”?Ifso,pleaseillustrateandifnot,pleasepresentyourcounter-argument.CO2emissionandglobalwarminghasbothbeenhailedandchallengedbyscientists.Whatdoyouknowaboutitandareyouconvincedbytheauthor’sreasoninginthetext?TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII(Sec.2):SentenceParaphraseNapoleonsaidthatanarmymarchesonitsstomach;ourmodernglobalizedeconomymarchesonoil.Butit’saFaustianbargain.anarmyneedsaregularsupplyoffoodinordertokeeponfightingbewillingtosacrificeanythingtosatisfyalimitlessdesirefor…;alsoadealwiththedevilorpactwiththedevil.TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII(Sec.2):Words&ExpressionsWordsPhrasesSentencePatternGrammarinconvenientdeclineuntenableliquidateputtinga(heavy)strainon…;takeforgranted;hitthenailonthehead;tipthebalance;PlayoutThefootprintapproachdoesthereverse,comparing……containaboutthesameamountofenergyas…wearewellpast(theecologicallimitstogrowth)…atabreakneckspeed.Thistranslatesinto…TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII(Sec.2):Exercise1.水循环2.自然界的废物处理3.温室气体排放4.气候调节5.化石燃料的燃烧6.用尽大量资源7.生物承载力A.climateregulationB.watercycleC.naturalwastetreatmentD.biocapacityE.depletestocksofresourcesF.combustionoffossilfuelsG.greenhousegasemissionsTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartIISection3Whatdoestheauthormeanby“growthisanexcuseforcontinuedinequality.”Whatdoestheauthormeanby“thehiddeninjuriesofclass(shorter,unhealthier,andunhappierlivesaddictedtoamindlessconsumerismthatisdepletingtheplanet’sresources.)”?Howdoyouunderstand“rampingupGDPwithoutimprovingtechnologicalefficiencyleadstomoreenvironmentaldamage.Yetimprovingefficiencyleadstomoregrowth,whichleadstothesameresult.”?TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII(Sec.3):SentenceParaphraseEvenonitsownterms,growthisn’tworking.isn’thavingtheintendedeffectorresult.Pleaseelaborateinone’sownway;accordingtoone’sownconditions;byitsownTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII(Sec.3):Words&ExpressionsWordsPhrasesSentencePatternGrammarIngenuitydecoupleSwampedthelion’ssharegetbyonthecrumbswhistlinginthedarkrampingup…dreaminginsteadthat…RampingupGDPwithoutimprovingtechnologicalefficiencyleadsto..PercapitaGDPhastripled……averageimprovementsof2%ayearwereeclipsedbygrowthratesof3%TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartIIIDoyouagreewiththeauthorthat“”IntheNorthwehavebeenlivingbeyondourecologicalmeansfordecades,consumingtoomuchandproducingmorewastethantheenvironmentcanabsorb,whileinequalitygrows.”?DoyouthinkthisalsoappliestothoseintheSouth?Whatdoestheauthormeanby“Justicedemandsthatweintherichcountriesratchetbackourgrowthandclearsomespaceforthosewhoneedit”?Doyouagreewithhimonthat?Doyouthinkweareuptothemissionsuggestedbytheauthor?Andhowcanitbeachieved?TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartIII:SentenceParaphraseJusticedemandsthatweintherichcountriesratchetbackourgrowthandclearsomespaceforthosewhoneedit.ThefateofplanetEarthmaydependonit.throwup/vomitwhatyouhaveeatentoomuchWhatdoesitmean?TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartIII:Words&ExpressionsWordsPhrasesSentencePatternGrammaralluringentrenchedconstructcapturedbyratchetback…producingmorewastethantheenvironmentcanabsorb…;…wherepovertyisentrenchedandlivingstandardsdesperatewehavebeenlivingbeyondourecologicalmeans……averageimprovementsof2%ayearwereeclipsedbygrowthratesof3%RWBTEconomicGrowthisaPathtoPerdition,NotProsperityUnit8ReinforcementListeningDiscussionReinforcementListeningPleaselistento(watch)thefollowingvideo/audioclipsAnInconvinientTruth(anOscar-winningdocumentary)MoreonGlobalWarming(aVOAreportonopposingviewsthatglobalwarmingisnotarealdanger)RWBTReinforcementDiscussionWorkingroupsoffour:Whatisthemainideaofthedocumentary?DoyoufindAlGore’sargumentsconvincing?Anyargumentorreasoningyoufindnotvalid?Whatisthemainoppositionpresentedinthesecondclip?Areyouconvinced?Whatisyouropiniononglobalwarming:isitarealdanger?Ifitis,whatshouldwedototacklethisproblem?RWBT