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Smartway Project
Cooperative Vehicle Highway Systems
Smartway ProjectSmartway Project
Cooperative Vehicle Highway SystemsCooperative Vehicle Highway Systems
National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management, Japan
Hiroshi MAKINO
National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management, JapanNational Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management, Japan
Hiroshi MAKINOHiroshi MAKINO
AHB30, 2006 TRB annual meetingAHB30, 2006 TRB annual meeting
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• Where has significant progress been made?
ITS enter second stage in Japan
To realize a DSRC platform capable of various ITS services in
2007
• Where are the future opportunities?
VICS (Congestion) → ETC → Safety & Multiple usage
• What are the keys to success?
Platform (esp. OBU)
Infrastructure go first (Congestion and Safety)
Public RSU → OBU → Private RSU → OBU expanding
• What are the major obstacles?
Consensus to develop infrastructure
Cooperation between Public and Private sectors
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1. Smartway Project1. Smartway Project
October
2004
October
2004 Japan ITS Promotional Conference - "ITS Promotion Guideline"Japan ITS Promotional Conference - "ITS Promotion Guideline"
December
2004
December
2004
Japan Productivity Center for Socio-Economic Development
- "Towards Realization of Intellectual Transport Services Through
Deployment and spread of ITS"
Japan Productivity Center for Socio-Economic Development
- "Towards Realization of Intellectual Transport Services Through
Deployment and spread of ITS"
March 2005March 2005 Development Bank of Japan - "Present State and Future Outlook for Advancing ITS"
Development Bank of Japan - "Present State and Future
Outlook for Advancing ITS"
July 2005July 2005 Japan Society of Civil Engineers - "Towards ITS Effective for Roadways (Interim Report) – From Seeds to Public Benefits"
Japan Society of Civil Engineers - "Towards ITS Effective for
Roadways (Interim Report) – From Seeds to Public Benefits"
1) ITS Enter the Second Stage in Japan1) ITS Enter the Second Stage in Japan
August
2004
August
2004
Smartway Project Advisory Committee - "Proposal “ITS Enter
the Second Stage - Smart Mobility for All - "
To realize a platform capable of various ITS services.
Those services to be realized in 2007.
Smartway Project Advisory Committee - "Proposal “ITS Enter
the Second Stage - Smart Mobility for All - "
To realize a platform capable of various ITS services.
Those services to be realized in 2007.
July 2005 July 2005
Smartway Project Advisory Committee - Announcement of
"Follow-up Proposal and Interim summery of Joint
Research"
Smartway Project Advisory Committee - Announcement of
"Follow-up Proposal and Interim summery of Joint
Research"
3
1. Smartway Project1. Smartway Project
2) Overall Picture of Smartway2) Overall Picture of Smartway
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3) Platform Deployment Strategy “ Key is common OBU for ITS”3) Platform Deployment Strategy “ Key is common OBU for ITS”
1. Smartway Project1. Smartway Project
ITS
Car
navigation
VICS
ETC
Information
provision Next-generation
roadway services
Car
navigation
1995 2001 2007
5.8GHz
DSRC
2.4GHz
beacons
Diverse media
5.8GHz
DSRC
Fee collection
-VICS
-ETC
-IC Credit Card
-Internet
-Uplink
Deployment of
private services
Recreational
services
Payment services
for gasoline
stations, drive-
thru
establishments,
etc.
Information
services
Vehicle diagnostic
services
and many others
Digital
Road Map
Services promoted
by the public sector
Information
provision services
along roadways
Public parking lot
settlement
services
Information
connection
services such as
at roadside rest
areas
Next-generation
roadway services
5
4) Spread of services on platform4) Spread of services on platform
1. Smartway Project1. Smartway Project
6
Highway Industry
Development Organization
Study of technologies for providing government services using DSRC
Examination and proposal of specific policies for proliferation of DSRC application services
DSRC Forum Japan
JEITA
JARI Private corporationsand organizations
MLIT NILIM
ASV
ITS Japan
AHSRA
Private
corporations
Joint research public and private sectors
RSU
Road-vehicle
communicatio
ns
ITS
OBU
Private sector
applications
Public sector
applications
ARIB
Ministry of Land
Infrastructure and Transport
The National Institute for Land
and Infrastructure Management
Advanced Cruise-Assist
Highway System
Research Association
Association of Radio
Industries and Businesses
Japan Automobile
Research Institute
Japan Electronics and Information
Technology Industries Association
Advanced Safety Vehicle
Japan Automobile
Manufacturers Association
JAMA
HIDO
ITS (Intelligent Transport
Systems) Japan
23 firms
223 firms and
organizations
1. Smartway Project1. Smartway Project
5) Smartway Project concerned organizations5) Smartway Project concerned organizations
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2. Joint Research for Next2. Joint Research for Next--Generation ServicesGeneration Services
Joint research between
public and private sectors
23 Private Sectors
Dec. 2004
- Jan. 2005
Feb. 2005
End of
Fy2005
Public offering for
joint research
Public offering for
joint research
Joint research
Start
Joint research
Start
Final reportFinal report
Interim reportInterim reportJuly 2005
1) Schedule of the Joint Research1) Schedule of the Joint Research
Demo 2006Demo 2006Feb. 2006
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2) Realization of ITS services by 2007
Smartway
Project
Advisory
Committee
×
×P
P×
×P
P
Urayasu to Makuhari: 2 km
congestion due to an accident
Congestion 2 km ahead
due to an accident
between Urayasu and
Makuhari.
Congestion 2 km ahead
due to an accident
between Urayasu and
Makuhari.
2004 2005 2006
Development Development
of standards of standards
and and
specificationsspecifications
Installation of Installation of
RSE and RSE and
manufacture manufacture
of OBUof OBU
Realization of
ITS services
Realization of Realization of
ITS servicesITS services
JointJoint
researchresearch
2007
Joint Research office
Deployment of
RSE & OBU
2. Joint Research for Next2. Joint Research for Next--Generation ServicesGeneration Services
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GPS
3) Configuration of the Platform3) Configuration of the Platform
Applications
Road-to-Vehicle
Communication
Functions
5.8GHz DSRC
Car Navigation
Function
Digital Road Map
ITS OBU RSU
Road-to-Vehicle
Communication
Basic API Basic API
Road-to-Vehicle
Communication
Functions
2. Joint Research for Next2. Joint Research for Next--Generation ServicesGeneration Services
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4) Characteristics of 5.8 GHz DSRC4) Characteristics of 5.8 GHz DSRC
Enabling various services (esp. Private Sector)Internet connection
Enabling safety servicesHigh speed & large capacity
Enabling easy development and deploymentSpot communication
Enabling information collection by uplink functionTwo-way communication
Enabling payment servicesHigh level of security
8.6 million vehicles equipped
Usage rate around 50%
“Spreading in the future”
Already used for ETC
SummaryCharacteristic
2. Joint Research for Next2. Joint Research for Next--Generation ServicesGeneration Services
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5) Basic API on DSRC5) Basic API on DSRC
“Mutual authentication,” “Data authentication,” and “Encoding”
functions to ensure application reliability and safety
Security
Provision information from roadside units to on-board units“Push-Type” information
Sending and receiving of IC card settlement information between
OBU and RSU
Card access
Identification of OBU by RSU and response by OBUID communications
Reading and writing of memory from RSU to OBUMemory access
Notification of instruction information from RSU to OBU, and
response by OBU
Command & response
Command
& response
functions
Command
& response
functions
Memory
access
functions
Memory
access
functions
ID
communi
cations
functions
ID
communi
cations
functions
Card access
functions
Card access
functions
Push type
information
distribution
functions
Push type
information
distribution
functions
Security functionsSecurity functions
IP
connection
functions
IP
connection
functions
2. Joint Research for Next2. Joint Research for Next--Generation ServicesGeneration Services
Combination of Basic API functions makes various ITS services on
public and private.
Combination of Basic API functions makes various ITS services on
public and private.
Basic API
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(1) Information provision services “Improvement of VICS”
[Wide range of information] [Information by voice]
浦安→幕張 事故渋滞 2km
Congestion 2 km
ahead due to an
accident between
Urayasu and Makuhari.
Congestion 2 km
ahead due to an
accident between
Urayasu and Makuhari.
6) Realization of ITS services by 2007
Urayasu to Makuhari: 2 km
congestion due to an accident
Information by static image Information on greater
numbers of jam routes
Icy road surface ahead.
×
×
P
P
Wide range of information Information by voice
2. Joint Research for Next2. Joint Research for Next--Generation ServicesGeneration Services
Collection of Probe
data
Collection of Probe
data
High speed and High
capacity communication
High speed and High
capacity communication
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(2) Information connection services at rest area “Internet Connection”
6) Realization of ITS services by 2007
Testing at Showa Michi-no-eki
May 3–5, 2005
DSRC antenna
On-board display
Road traffic informationRoad traffic information
Road surface conditionsRoad surface conditions
Local newsLocal news
Top page of WEBTop page of WEB
2. Joint Research for Next2. Joint Research for Next--Generation ServicesGeneration Services
IP protocol connection IP protocol connection
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(3) Public parking lot settlement services “IC credit card payment”
6) Realization of ITS services by 2007
Fee payment testing at
Ozone parking facility
2. Joint Research for Next2. Joint Research for Next--Generation ServicesGeneration Services
High speed and secure
communication
High speed and secure
communication IC credit card access
IC credit card access
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1) Role of Cooperative Systems1) Role of Cooperative Systems
2000 20XX
““Towards zero accidentsTowards zero accidents””
Collision
safety
Preventive
safety
Cooperative
systems
Safety
countermeasures
by the independent
vehicle
* Intersection , curve, etc
(source:Toyota Motor Corp.)
A
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d
e
n
t
d
e
c
r
e
a
s
e
3. Development of 3. Development of ““AHSAHS”” for Safetyfor Safety
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2) Role of the AHS2) Role of the AHS
Targets of AHS
Based on Accident Rates
Using Maps
and Navi.
Road sensor
blind curve
Detected by the
vehicle alone
Difficult to
recognize
by the
vehicle
Accidents
occurring over
a wide range
(utilization of
maps, etc.)
Accidents
occurring over
a wide range
(utilization of
maps, etc.)
highways: curves, etc.
Arterials: near intersections
Arterials: intersections, etc.
Role of AHSRole of AHSRole of AHS
Difficult to
recognize by
the vehicle
Difficult to
recognize by
the vehicle
D
e
g
r
e
e
o
f
a
c
c
i
d
e
n
t
c
o
n
c
e
n
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
No. of locations where accidents occur
Detection by
infrastructure
Using
Infrastructure
3. Development of 3. Development of ““AHSAHS”” for Safetyfor Safety
17
Utilization of uplinks
(Ex: Road surface information services)
Navigation for elderly drivers
(Ex: Intersection safety information services)
Highway safety corp. with ASV
(Ex: Support for prevention of collisions with forward
obstacles)
Congestion mitigation
(Ex: Leading to the proper use of lanes at sag sections)
3) Services Targeted for Realization in the 2nd Stage 3) Services Targeted for Realization in the 2nd Stage
3. Development of 3. Development of ““AHSAHS”” for Safetyfor Safety
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4) Role of Road-Vehicle Cooperation and Procedure for Introduction4) Role of Road-Vehicle Cooperation and Procedure for Introduction
Introduction Procedure
Non-intersections*Non-intersections* IntersectionsIntersections
Road-vehicle
cooperation
Road-vehicle
cooperation
Vehicle-Road-
Vehicle / Vehicle-
vehicle cooperation
Vehicle-Road-
Vehicle / Vehicle-
vehicle cooperation
AHS-iAHS-i AHS-c、aAHS-c、a
* Non-intersections: Straight sections, curves, etc.
First . . . Then . . .
Application to road administration and
Traffic information management
Application to road administration and
Traffic information management
Static informationStatic information Dynamic informationDynamic information
3. Development of 3. Development of ““AHSAHS”” for Safetyfor Safety
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5) Roadmap of Road-Vehicle Cooperation5) Roadmap of Road-Vehicle Cooperation
(in limited areas)
Automatic
driving
(in limited areas)
Automatic
driving
Advanced
vehicle control
Inter-vehicle
communication
Advanced
vehicle control
Inter-vehicle
communication
Road sensors, road surfaces sensors
Preparation of maps, databases, etc.
5.8GHz DSRC
VICS beacons
Infra-
structure-
Side
Driver-Oriented ServicesDriver-Oriented Services
Operational support
Warning support
Operational support
Warning support
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Information
provision
Information
provision
Road-vehicle
cooperation
F
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Vehicle-side
Caution
support
Caution
support
ITS
OBU
(5.8GHz
platform)
ITS
OBU
(5.8GHz
platform)
ETC
DSRC probes (Data) Collection infrastructure
Road information infrastructure
(information) Provision Structure
Soft infrastructure
Non-Intersection Services No-Intersection
Services (operational
support, etc)
-Heavy vehicle control
-The analysis of traffic
accident causal,
congestion factor
-Road surface
management support
-Structure management
support
-Accident detection and
assessment
-Traffic congestion
monitoring
Traffic flow smoothing
Intersection Services
AHS -i
AHS -c
AHS -a
Fiscal
2007
Year
Deployment of information technologies on roads
D
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3. Development of 3. Development of ““AHSAHS”” for Safetyfor Safety
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Restaurants
Convenience stores
and supermarkets
Dispatch control
Traffic control
Gas stations
Platform
Private parking
facilities
ITS services
in 2007
Information provision along roadways
Information connection at rest areas
Public parking lot settlement
4. Developing new services on the platform4. Developing new services on the platform
ITS into the 2nd Stage!
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Smartway Demo 2006
• Date
22-24 February 2006
• Location
NILIM Test Course
• Contents
Demo of various ITS services on the Common DSRC OBU
• New VICS services: AHS, TTS, Image
• IP connection service
• Parking settlement service
• V-R-V services: Merging support
• Gas station payment service
• Push information services: Highway Radio, Parking
guidance ,etc
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Thank you very
attention.
Contact information
Hiroshi Makino
Senior Researcher for ITS R&D
National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management, Japan
e-mail: makino-h87bh@nilim.go.jp
Web: www.nilim.go.jp
Thank you very much for your
attention.
Contact information
Hiroshi Makino
Senior Researcher for ITS R&D
National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management, Japan
e-mail: makino-h87bh@nilim.go.jp
Web: www.nilim.go.jp