同位语从句 (共42张PPT)

GrammarTheideathatyouwouldcrossthewholecontinentwasexciting.TheideathatyoucancrossCanadainlessthanfivedaysisjustwrong.Thefactthatoceanshipscangotheresurprisesmanypeople.1.概念:在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。2.功能:同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。同位语从句3.抽象名词:常跟的抽象名词有:4.连词:常用的连词有：fact,idea,opinion,thought,order,doubt,news,hope,truth,belief,suggestion,advice,view,promise,request,proposal提议/建议,demand,question等抽象名词…that/whetherwho/what/whichwhen/where/why/how想一想1.that,whether(只起连接作用，不作成分）Thereisnodoubtthatthepriceofcarswillgodown.Ihavesomedoubtwhetherhereallyknowsme.Theideathatcomputerscanrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople.2.连接代词who,which,what连接副词where,when,how,why(引导词在从句中作成分）Thequestionwhoshouldgoabroadrequiresconsideration.IhavenoideawhichoneIshouldchoose.Ihavenoideawhereshecomesback.Herefusedtoanswerthequestionhowhegotallhismoney.注意：1.为了保持句子平衡，同位语从句有时候被别的词把它和名词隔开。ThestorygoesthatWilliamkilledthetyrantwithanarrow.Wordcamethatourteamhadwonthegame.Suddenlythethoughtcametohimthathecouldgoblind.2.若被同位语说明的名词是示建议（如advice,suggestion,proposal)要求（如demand,request,requirement)、命令（如order）时，同位语从句中的谓语用“should+动词原型）Hemadethesuggestionthatwe(should)startatonce.Soonwereceivedtheorderthatwe(should)stopfightingatonce.大家注意啦！！！同位语从句与定语从句区别:Hetoldmethenewsthathewouldcomehomefromabroadsoon.Hetoldmethenewsthatheheardontheradiothedaybefore.(定语从句)(同位语从句)辨析：定语从句是从句对其先行词或前面整个句子的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegamewastrue.我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。(同位语从句,补充说明news到底是一个什么消息；that不可代替，一般不省略)Thenewsthathadspreadallovertheworldmadethemanfamous.那个已经传遍全世界的消息使得那个人出名了。(定语从句,news在从句中作hadspread的主语；that很多时候可以用which/who/whom等来代替，作宾语时可省略，如下：)Hetoldmethenews(that)heheardontheradiothedaybefore.辨析TheyexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain.Thehope(that)sheexpressedisthattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain.Let’shaveatryatonce同从？定从？同位语从句：theywouldcometovisitChina对hope进行具体的说明。定语从句：hope充当express的宾语。Theorderthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroupswasreceivedyesterday.(同位语从句,是对order的具体解释,that虽不作成分,但不能省略)Theorderthatwereceivedyesterdaywasthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroups.(定语从句,是名词order的修饰语,that在从句中作received的宾语,可以省略)引导词that引导定语从句时,在从句中一般作主语或宾语(指物时还可以用which代替),并且作宾语时常常省略；that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用,不充当任何成分,并且不能省略,也不能用which来代替，如:一起小结that：　有些词如可以引导同位语从句,但不能引导定语从句。如:Thatquestionwhetherweneedithasnotbeenconsidered.我们是否需要它这个问还没有考虑。whether,how,whatTheorderwhenweshouldreturnhasn’treachus.我们什么时候应该返回的命令还没到。ThedaywhenNewChinawasfoundedwillneverbeforgotten.新中国成立的那天永远不会被忘记。同是副词引导的同从、定从同位语从句的简易判断法：名词＋同位语从句beThenewsthatwewonthematchistrue.可改为：Thenewsisthatwewonthematch.Thenewsthatyouhaveheardistrue.若改为：Thenewsisthatyouhaveheard.若能构成一个完整的，符合逻辑的新句子，就是同位语从句II.判断下列哪些含有同位语从句，哪些含有定语从句。①Thenewsthatwehadsuccessfullysentupanothercommunicationsatellitespreadthroughouttheworld.②That’sthebestpieceofnewsI’veheard.同定③Isthereanyhopethathewillbehomeat7?④I’venohopethatmyparentshavebeenexpectingtome.同定⑤Thepossibilitythatyoureferredtodoesn’texistatall.⑥ThereisastrongpossibilitythatwemaybeinFranceforthenextweek.同定I.在空格处填上适当的词，使下列定语从句和同位语从句完整。Thenewswasveryexciting___ourclasshadwonthefootballmatch.Thisisthemountainvillage____Istayedlastyear.3.Thepersonto______youspokeisafamousactor.wherethatwhom4.Theyarefamiliarwiththeopinion____allmatterconsistsofatoms.5.ThehopesheexpressedisthattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain.that(that)6.Thisisouronlyrequest___this(should)besettledassoonaspossible.7.Allagreedtohissuggestion___abridgeacrosstheriver（should）bebuilt.thatthat例6和7中使用了虚拟语气，其中should可以省略。出现名词suggestion,advice,order,request,require,proposal等时。例题6和7有什么特点？bebuilt.(should)besettled(should)1.Thefact____sheworkshardiswellknowntousall.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.which2.Thefact____hewassuccessfulproveshisability.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whyAA练一练！3.Thenews____hewaskidnappedsurprisedusgreatly.　A.whatB.thatC.whyD.when4.Hissuggestion____themeetingbedelayedwasturneddown.A.whichB.thatC./D.itBB5.Ihavenoidea____hewillstart.　A.whenB.thatC.whatD./6.I'vecomefromthegovernmentwithamessage____themeetingwon'tbeheldtomorrow.　A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.whichBA7.Thethought____hemightfailintheexamworriedhim.　A.whenB.whichC.whatD.that8.Theorder____theprisonerbesetfreearrivedtoolate.　A.whichB.whetherC.thatD.whatDC9.Thenursesaretryingtheirbesttoreducethepatient'sfear____hewoulddieofthedisease.A.thatB.asC.ofwhichD.whichA10.Heoftenaskedmethequestion____theworkwasworthdoing.　A.whetherB.whereC.thatD.when11.Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat____Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.A.asB.whichC.whatD.thatAB11.Alongwiththeletterwashispromise____hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whetherB13.Luckily,we'dbroughtaroadmapwithout____wewouldhavelostourway.A.itB.thatC.thisD.which14.Doyouhaveanyidea___isactuallygoingonintheclassroom?A.thatB.whatC.asD.whichDB15.Oneofthemenheldtheview___thebooksaidwasright.A.thatB.whatthatC.thatwhatD.whetherthat引导同位语从句，补充说明view;what引导主语从句并在同位语从句中作主语。C16.Astorygoes____ElizabethIofEnglandlikednothingmorethanbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt.A.whenB.whereC.whatD.thatD17.Alongwiththeletterwashispromise____hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whetherB18.Thereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecars___roadconditionsneed____.A.that;tobeimprovedB.which;tobeimprovedC.where;improvingD.when;improvingA19.Thereisafeelinginme_____we’llneverknowwhataUFOis—notnever.A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.whatA20.Ihavenoidea____wecanspendourholiday.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.whatA21.Thenews____hetoldusyesterdayisnottrue,butthenews____ourteamhaswonthematchistrue.A./;thatB.that;/C.that;whichD.that;whoA22.Thequestionoccurredtome____thebookwasworthreading.A.whatB.whetherC.whichD.ifBDiscoveringusefulstructuresAnswerkeyforexercise1onpage37:Thethoughtthattheycouldcrossthewholecontinentwasexciting.SomepeoplehavetheideathatyoucancrossCanadainlessthanfivedays,buttheyforgetthefactthatCanadais5,500kilometresfromcoasttocoast.ThegirlsweresurprisedatthefactthatoceanshipscansailuptheGreatLakes.Suggestanswerstoexercise2onpage37:ThepossibilitythattheweatherinwinterwouldbewarmerpleasedtheCanadians.Theideathattherewillbeandearthquaketerrifiesmanypeople.ThehopethatwecouldgotoFrancewasexciting.ThefactthatmoreandmorepeoplesettledowninCanadasurprisesme.Thebeliefthattheworldisflatisnotscientific.