Unit10TheNewImmorality练习答案

Unit10TheNewImmoralityConsolidationActivitiesI.TextComprehension1.Decidewhichofthefollowingbeststatestheauthor'spurpose.A.Tocondemntheabsurdityofaparadox.B.Toarguethathumanityisamatteroftheprivatemorality,asenseofpurelypersonalhonor,honesty,andintegrity.C.TorevealtheacademiccorruptiononuniversitycampusintheUSA.D.Toreviewthedataofaquestionnairedistributedtosomeundergraduates.Key:[B]2.Judge,accordingtothetext,whetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.1).Toomanyscandalsviolentlystriketheworldofpopularentertainment,andalsotheacademicworld.[T]2).Thebureaucratanddiskjockeythinktheirdecisionsarestilljustdespitethefactthattheyacceptpresents.[T]3).Theauthorabsolutelyblamessociologyfortheparadox,forithastendedtolayexclusivestressuponsocialmorality,andtendedtoooftentodefinegoodandevilasmerelythe"sociallyuseful".[F]4).Whatsocialmoralityandsocialconscienceadvocateistheso-called"sociallydesirableconduct",butwhattheyshouldbeconcernedwithmostisthesignificantconceptofman'shonor—self-esteemandself-dignity.[T]5).That"playingthegame"asthegentlemanwassupposedtoplayitwasasoundargumentamongearlytwentieth-centuryreformers.[T]6).Agoodsocietyiscomposedofmenwithhonor.[T]7).Theauthorthinksthatasmanofthefuturewilllosemanyofthevirtuesthathestillhasnow,humanitywillfinallycollapse.[F]II.WritingStrategiesThistextisapieceofargumentativewriting.Withfactsaswellasopinions,thewriternotonlyexpresseswhathethinksbutalsotriestopersuadethereadertosharehisopinionandquitepossiblytodosomethingaboutthestatusquo.Clearly,variouswritingstrategiesareemployedinthetext.Firstofall,typicalexamplesaresuppliedtoexhibitaparadoxofourage,thuspresentingtheproblemorargument.Secondly,somequestionsareraisedinplacessoastodrawthereaders'attentiontosomeimportantideas.Thirdly,comparisonsandcontrastsarefrequentlyusedtohighlightsomemajorpoints.Fourthly,thewriteranalysesthepsychologicalsupportunderlyingmentalityofthenewimmoralityanddestroysthedefensesgivenbythedishonestinastep-by-step,in-depthmanner.Finally,thewriterdefinesthemostimportantqualitiesanhonestandusefulmanshouldpossess,nomatterhowdemoralizedtheworldmaybecome.Thestyleofthewritingisformal,andthetoneiscritical.Thefollowingtwoquestionsaretobeanswered:(1)Whichsentencesinthetextinvolveacomparison?Thefollowingsentencesobviouslyinvolveacomparison:1)"Yetmostofthesefive,likemostofthecollegecheaters,wouldprobablyprofessastrongsocialconsciousness."2)"Istherereallyanyevidencethatpersonaldishonestyismoreprevalentthanitalwayswas?"3)"Perhapsthesethingsarenotactuallymoreprevalent."4)"Itismyconvictionthatthoughmenmaybenomorewickedthantheyalwayshavebeen,theyseemlesslikelytobeashamed."5)"Evenso,Istillinsistthatfortheindividualhimselfnothingismoreimportantthanthispersonal,interiorsenseofrightandwrongandhisdeterminationtofollowthatratherthantobeguidedbywhateverybodydoesormerelythecriterionof'socialusefulness'.“(2)Whichsentencesinthetextdisplayacontrastoraparadox?Thefollowingsentencesclearlyshowacontrastoraparadox:1)"Theymaycheat,buttheyvoteforforeignaidandforenlightenedsocialmeasures."2)"…ourseeminglygreatgrowthinsocialmoralityhasoddlyenoughtakenplaceinaworldwhereprivatemorality--asenseofthesupremeimportanceofpurelypersonalhonor,honesty,andintegrity--seemstobedeclining."3)"Beneficentandbenevolentsocialinstitutionsareadministeredbymenwhoalltoofrequentlyturnouttobeaccepting'gifts'."4)"Theworldofpopularentertainmentisrockedbyscandal."5)"Collegestudents,putontheirhonor,cheatonexamination."6)"Ihaveneverbeensurprisedtofindmenwicked,butIhaveoftenbeensurprisedtofindthemnotashamed."7)"Andpersona,asopposedtosocialdecency,doesn'tcountformuch."8)"Sociologyhastendedtolayexclusivestressuponsocialmorality,andtendedtoooftentodefinegoodandevilasmerelythe'sociallyuseful'oritsreverse."9)"Whatsocialmoralityandsocialconscienceleaveoutisthenarrowerbutverysignificantconceptofhonor--asopposedtowhatissometimescalledmerely'sociallydesirableconduct'."10)"Itisimpossibleformetoimagineagoodsocietycomposedofmenwithouthonor."11)"Evencooperation,togivethisthingitsmostfavorabledesignation,isnomoreimportantthantheabilitytostandalonewhenthechoicemustbemadebetweenthesacrificeofone'sownintegrityandadjustmenttoorparticipationingroupactivity."12)"…ifonepersonaloneassertshisindividualandinnerrighttobelieveinandbeloyaltowhathisfellowmenseemtohavegivenup,thenatleasthewillstillremainwhatisperhapsthemostimportantpartofhumanity."III.LanguageWork1.Explaintheunderlinedpartineachsentenceinyourownwords.1).…buttheyvoteforforeignaidandforenlightenedsocialmeasures.formallyexpresstheirpreferencefor2).Collegestudents,putontheirhonor,cheatonexamination.trustedtokeeptheirword3).Ifeverybodydoesit,itmustberight.oneisjustifiedtodoit4).Andpersona,asopposedtosocialdecency,doesn'tcountformuch.incontrastwith;matterverymuch5).Whatsocialmoralityandsocialconscienceleaveoutisthenarrowerbutverysignificantconceptofhonor.doesnotincludeasapartofit6).Supposethatnooneexcepttheindividualsuffersfromthefactthatheseesnothingwrongindoingwhateverybodyelsedoes?regardsastotallyacceptable7).Ifthatisso,thentheyhaveawrongnotionofwhatthereal,theultimate,securityis.cannotunderstandFillineachblankwithoneofthetwowordsfromeachpairintheirappropriateformsandnotethedifferenceofmeaningbetweenthem.professdeclareProfessoftenmeanstoclaimthatonedoesorhassomething,butinfacttheydonot,whiledeclareistosaythatsomethingistrueinafirmanddeliberateway.1).Nobody,atthistimeofeconomicdepression,couldaffordtoprofessthattheywerenotinterestedinthejob.2).Thearmedforcesprofessedtobeunabletostoptheviolence,whileinreality,theywerehelpingsettheterrorinmotion.3).Theyceremoniouslycutapieceofribbon,declaringtheexhibitionopen.4).Itwasdifficulttoquantifyanexactfigureasfirmswerereluctanttodeclaretheirlosses.wickedevilWickedandevilareofteninterchangeableinthatbothmeanmorallybadorsinful,thoughevilsoundsmuchstronger.Inanabstractsense,evilisthepolaroppositeofgoodandcansuggestutterandinsidiousmalevolence,orinfluencebythedevil.Wickedcanoftenbeusedinahumorous,tongue-in-cheek,orevenadmiringway.1).Withherwickedsenseofhumour,shemanagedtoentertheworldofpopularentertainment.2).Theeternalstrugglebetweengoodandevilforcesisthebasisformoralityrefinement.Evilspiritswholookedlikehumansandpossessedsupernaturalpowersusedtobeverypopularinthispartofthecountry.3).Thetennisplayer'swickedservedidnotgivehisopponentanychance.contentcontentedBothwordsrefertotheappeasementofneedordesire.Contentedreferstothefulfillingofrequirementstothepointofsatiation,whilecontentalmostexclusivelyappearsasapredicateadjectiveandsuggestsnotthefullorcompletefillingofneedsordesire,butthewillingnesstoacceptamodestorreasonableamount.1).Seeinghercoming,hisfacewasbeamingwithcontentedsmiles.2).Themediaisnolongercontent"tokeepthebosshappy",butitisassuminganewroleoffindingfaultswiththeboss.3).Itwasaserenecountryside,withallthecontentedcowsandsheepgrazingontheslope.4).Thefamiliesofdisappearedprisonersarenotcontentwithameresearchforthetruth,andinsistthatthearmyofficialsbebroughttotrial.enlightenacquaintAcquaintandenlightenbothmeantoimpartknowledgeofawidescope,withtheformerbeingtomakesomeonefamiliarwithfactsorasituationofsomecomplexity,andthelatter,asitsrootsuggests,meaningtobringinformationtolight,usuallyaboutaparticularpointorsituationandcarryinganelementofdispellingignorance.1).Theill-informedwillfindtheircuriosityarousedandtheirignorancepartlyenlightened.2).Forthefirstfewweeks,Imanagedtoacquaintmyselfwiththedetailsofthenewpost.3).ThestudyofancientGreece,thesourceofenlightenedculture,wasonceseenasthebasisofasoundmoralandaestheticunderstanding.4).HewasaswellacquaintedwithexileandimprisonmentashewaswiththeBritishMuseum3.Fillintheblankineachsentencewithawordorphrasetakenfromthebox,usingitsappropriateform.provostdistributereprehensibleconsentprofessenlightenbeneficentadministerbureaucratconvictionscandalmores1).Theneweconomicplanseekstoachieveamoreequitabledistributionofwealth.2).Anumberofenlightenedlandownershaverecentlysetanexamplebymakinglandavailableatlessthannormalmarketvalue.3).Theconsensusamongsttheworld'sscientistsisthattheworldislikelytowarmupoverthenextfewdecades.4).Itisuselesstryingtoconvinceherthatshedoesn'tneedtoloseanyweight.5).Agreatnumberofindustrieshavetosackmanagerstoreducetheirhugeadministrativecosts.6).Sadly,themainbeneficiariesofpensionequalitysofarhavebeenmen,notwomen.7).Heprofessedaviolentdistasteforeverythingrelatedtocommerce,production,andmoney.8).Tomakeasounddiplomatistofirstbelievethatbureaucraticdelaysareinevitable.4.Makeasentenceofyourownforeachofthegivenwordswithmeaningsotherthanthoseusedinthetext.Youmaychangethepartofspeechofthesewords.1).rockOurfilmindustryisontherocks.2).stressShecouldthinkclearlywhennotunderstress.3).permitItisillegalforaforeignstudentwithaJ-1visatowork,part-timeorfull-time,withoutaworkpermit.4).soundHewaslyinginbed,soundasleep.5).odd"Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?""Twentyoddyears."6).exclusiveThecontestwascriticizedforbeingtooexclusiveanduncompetitive.5.Transformthefollowingsentences,usingverblessclauseswhereverpossible.1).Themancouldhardlywalk,ashewasstiffineveryjoint.Stiffineveryjoint,themancouldhardlywalk.2).Thesoldierswereexhaustedwhentheycrawledintotheirsleepingbags.Exhausted,thesoldierscrawledintotheirsleepingbags.3).Therescuepartybroughtthemandowntothebasecamp:hewashalf-deadwiththecold.Halfdeadwiththecold,themanwasbroughtdowntothebasecampbytherescueparty.4).Michael'sfatherhurriedtohisroomandwokehimupbecausehewasangrywithhimforoversleeping.Angrywithhimforoversleeping,Michael'sfatherhurriedtohisroomandwokehimup.5).Althoughhewasamathematicianbytraining,hebecameafamouslinguist.Although/Thoughamathematicianbytraining,hebecameafamouslinguist.6).Ourcompanywillsticktoourpolicy,whateveryourobjectionsmaybe.Ourcompanywillsticktoourpolicy,whateveryourobjections.7).Stella'sfrienddidnotneedtoworkhardforthediplomasincehewastheheirtoafortune.Theheirtoafortune,Stella'sfrienddidnotneedtoworkhardforthediploma.8).Thoughhewasaneven-temperedman,RichardneverthelessbecameextremelyangrywhenheheardwhatBobhadsaid.Aneven-temperedman,RichardneverthelessbecameextremelyangrywhenheheardwhatBobhadsaid.9).Beinganotoriousburglar,Tedfounditeasytoforceopenthelockeddoor.Anotoriousburglar,Tedfounditeasytoforceopenthelockeddoor.10).HesatbesideDiana,feelingthewarmthofthesunagainsthisface,andasaresulthewasabletorelaxforthefirsttimeindays.HesatbesideDiana,feelingthewarmthofthesunagainsthisface,abletorelaxforthefirsttimeindays.Note:Inaverblessclause,notonlytheverb,eitherfiniteornon-finite,butthesubjectaswell,isusuallyabsent.It,therefore,takestheellipsisofclauseelementsonestagefurtherthanthenon-finiteclause.Theomittedfiniteverbcangenerallybeassumedtobeaformoftheverbbe,andthesubject,whenomitted,canbetreatedasrecoverablefromthecontext.Onoccasion,averblessclausecanalsobetreatedasareductionofanon-finiteclause.Averblessclausecangenerallybeanounphraseoranadjectivephrase,or,sometimes,suchaphraseprecededbyasubordinateconjunction.6.Putawordineachblankthatisappropriateforthecontext.RemorselessdrinkinghaslongbeenasmuchasaritualofuniversitylifeintheU.S.asfootball,finalexamsandfraternityparties.(1)Almosteverycollegegraduatecanspinatleasta(2)fewtalesaboutaboisterousnightofcarousingthatculminatedinsluggingshotsoftequilaatsunriseortossingdrainedkegsintothepresident'spool.EvenThomasJeffersonhadtocontendwithagroupofdrunkenrowdieswhocausedanearriotattheschoolthathe(3)foundedin1819,theUniversityofVirginia.Eversincethen,periodicaleffortstocrackdownon(4)excessivealcoholconsumptionamongyoungscholarshavebeenlargelyfutile.Enforcingstrictrulesonuniversityturfseemstopushtheparties(5)offcampus.Raisingthelegaldrinkingagefrom18to21inthe1980smerelytriggeredaboominthe(6)businessofcreatingfakeidentificationcards.Itisnotclearinthestudy(7)whetherAmericanstudentsaredrinkingmorethaninthepast.Infact,someschoolsclaimtobeseeingslightdeclinesinoverallalcoholconsumption.Butthefindingssuggestthatamongthemanystudentswholiketobinge,thereisamorerelentless,desperate(8)qualitytothepursuitofintoxication.Thedrinkersalsoseemmoreblaséthan(9)everabouttheconsequences."Look,thisisnothing,"a20-year-oldUniversityofNewHampshirestudenttellsareporterasshedownsherfourthbeeratamid-weekparty."Wedidthesamethinglastnightandturnedoutforexams.Wecan(10)handleit."IV.Translation1.TranslatingSentences1).没有必要装出一副受到伤害的情——是你理亏。(puton)There'snoneedtoputonthatinjuredexpression—you'reinthewrong.2).我一直认为快乐和知足比金钱和名望更重要。(count)I'vealwaysbelievedthatpleasureandself-contentednesscountmorethanmoneyandfame.3).压力很容易使人作出错误的决定。(leadsb.todosth.)Beingunderpressurecaneasilyleadpeopletomakethewrongdecisions.4).精英一族似乎满足于只在他们那个小圈子里打交道。(content)Theeliteseemcontenttosocializewiththesmallcircleoftheirown.5).学生在英语学习中必须强调培养交际能力。(laystressupon)Stressshouldbelaiduponthetrainingofstudents'communicativecompetenceintheirEnglishstudies.6).董事会对公司在最困难的时刻收到的来自各方的经济援助表示谢意。(acknowledge)Theboardofdirectorsacknowledgedthefinancialassistancereceivedfromallsourcesatthecompany’smostdifficulttime.7).反对党抗议那是由执政党操纵的舞弊选举。(rigged)Oppositionpartiesprotestedthatitwasariggedelectionmanipulatedbytherulingparty.8).他几十年前作的许多预测现在都被印证了。(turnout)Manyofhispredictionsmadedecadesagohaveturnedouttobetruenow.2.TranslatingPassageTranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.美国人无论在生理上还是在精神上永远处在矛盾混乱的状态。我们拼命工作，许多人劳累而死，然后作为补偿，我们玩命娱乐，形同自杀。我们既自强自立，同时又完全依赖他人。我们咄咄逼人，却又毫无防卫能力。我们溺爱孩子，但并不喜欢他们；反过来，孩子过分依赖父母，却又对父母满腔怨愤。我们为自己的财产、住房和教育而沾沾自喜，然而没有一个男人或女人不希望下一代生活得更好。美国人相当友善好客，乐于接待客人和陌生人，然而当一个人奄奄一息地躺在人行道上时，人们只会围作一圈，冷漠旁观。我们不惜巨资把困在树上的猫或掉进下水道的狗拯救出来，但当一个女孩在大街上尖声呼救时，回应的只有砰然关闭的门窗和人们无声的寂静。参考译文Americansseemtobeinastateofturmoil,bothphysicallyandmentally.Weworktoohard,andmanydieunderthestrain;andthentomakeupforthatweplayviolentlylikecommittingsuicide.Weareself-reliantandatthesametimecompletelydependent.Weareaggressive,anddefenseless.Weoverindulgeourchildrenanddonotlikethem;thechildreninturnareoverlydependentandfullofhatefortheirparents.Wearecomplacentinourpossessions,inourhouse,inoureducation,butitishardtofindamanorwomanwhodoesnotwantsomethingbetterforthenextgeneration.Americansareremarkablykindandhospitableandopenwithbothguestsandstrangers,andyettheywillmakeawidecirclearoundthemandyingonthepavement.Fortunesarespentgettingcatsoutoftreesanddogsoutofsewerpipes,butagirlscreamingforhelpinthestreetdrawsonlyslammeddoors,closedwindows,andsilence.V.OralActivitiesGivingATalkWhatishappeninginoursociety?Manythingsseemtohavegonewrong,suchasthepoorqualitypowderedmilkforbabies,theunhealthyedibleoil,thecontaminatedfastfoodsanddrinksinthesupermarkets,andwhatsoever.Andsomepeoplewentcrazyorbenumbed,liketheboycomingbackfromJapanstabbinghismotherattheairport,theuniversitystudentkillingthewomanhehadknockeddownaccidentallywithhiscarinsteadofrescuingher,theeighteenpedestrianswalkingpastandignoringthetwo-year-oldgirlthathadbeencrushedbyacartwice,andwhatelse.Tellastoryaboutthedecayofsocialmoralityandthenecessitytoretrieveit.Youcouldbeginyourtalkwith“OneSundaymorningmymotherandIwentshoppinginanearbysupermarket.Suddenlyweheardanoldwomanscreamingforhelp.…”(Thefollowingtalkservesmerelyasreference.)OneSundaymorningmymotherandIwentshoppinginanearbysupermarket.Suddenlyweheardanoldwomanyellingforhelp.Iturnedaroundandheardhersayingthatayoungmanhadstolenherpurse.Shesaidintearsthatsherememberedhavingsome500yuanRMB,herIDcard,acreditcard,andsomeoddsandendsinthepurse.Ialsonoticedagroupofpeoplestandingbyindifferent.InstantlyIwantedtogoforwardtoher,butmymotherstoppedme,sayingtome,“It’snoneofyourbusiness.Don’ttroubletroubles.”AlthoughIkeptsayingtoherthatweshouldnotleavewithoutgivingtheoldwomansomehelp,shedraggedmeaway.EvennowIregretnotofferinganyhelptothepitiableoldwoman.(Ofcourse,thespeakercouldgiveanentirelydifferentstory,forexample,takingthewomantothepolicestationandfinallyhavingthepickpocketcaught,etc.)2.HavingADiscussionExaminationandcheatingaretwinbrothers.Itisbynomeanssurprisingtoalwayscatchafewcheatersred-handedduringatestorexamination.However,whatisunbelievableisthatthosewhonevercheatseemtohavelostthesenseofrightandwrong.Theyprefertostayindifferent.Consequently,cheating,insteadofbeingchecked,getsrampant.Besidesabidingbythesaying,“Honestyisthebestpolicy,”weshouldjoinhandstosayNOtodishonestyintheacademicworld.Discussthecausesofsuchcampusmisbehaviorascheatingandplagiarismaswellasthewaystostopthem.(Thefollowingservesmerelyasreference.)Yes,somepeoplebelievethatexaminationandcheatingaretwinbrothers.EvenattheimperialexaminationsintheMingandQingDynasties,thecandidatestriedtocheat.Buttheproblemisthatifcheatingandplagiarismwerenottobestopped,evengoodstudentswouldhavenomotivationtostudyhard.Topromotewhatisgoodandtodeter,ifnotcompletelyeliminate,thebad,weshoulddoourutmosttosayNOtodishonesty.Makeuseofthefollowingsuggestions,ifyoulike,inyourdiscussion.Forthecausesofsuchcampusmisbehavior:Youmayexplorethecausesfromvariousperspectives:social,psychological,moral,individual,etc.Forthewaystostopsuchnegativebehavior:Differentmeasurescanbetakentopreventcampusmisbehavior:Firmrulesandregulationsshouldbelaiddownandenforcedbyschoolauthorities.Moraleducationshouldbecarriedouttoexertasubtleinfluenceonstudents’moralstandard.HoneststudentsshouldbeencouragedandawardedVI.WritingStudyingandfarmingareseeminglytwototallyirrelevantnotions,butonthesecondthought,youmayfindtheybearsomesimilaritiestoeachother.Writeanessayofabout400wordsonthefollowingtopic:STUDYINGANDFARMINGInthefirstpartofyouressayyoustateclearlyyourmainargument,andinthesecondpartyoushouldsupportyourargumentbycomparison.Youcaneitherusethepoint-by-pointstyle,thatis,A1B1—A2B2—A3B3,ortheblockstyle,thatis,AfirstandBsecond.Inthelastpartyoushouldbringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionormakeasummary.Thefollowingtransitionaldevicescanbeusedincomparison:1.Likewise,similarly,also,bythesametoken,inasomewhatsimilarfashion;and2.LikeA,B…SimilartoA,B…Writing:EssayDevelopmentbycomparison(sample)STUDYINGANDFARMINGAsisknowntoall,themajortaskofstudentsisstudyingwhilethatoffarmersisfarming.Thetwotasksaretotallydifferent.However,ifwethinkfurther,wecanfindthatstudyingfollowsapatternsimilartothatoffarming,whichischaracterizedbytheprocessofsowingtheseeds,nurturinggrowthandharvestingtherewards.Firstly,beforesowingtheseeds,farmersneedtoploughthefields,makeacarefulselectionofseedsanddecidethewaysofsowingtheseeds.Likewise,beforelearninganewsubjectorcourse,astudentshouldmakesomenecessarypreparations.Astudentshouldbepreparedforthenewsubjectbothmentallyandphysically.Heneedstohaveageneralideaofthesubjectitself,includingthepurposeoflearningthesubject,themaincontentandthekeypointsofthesubject,thesuitablestudymethodandsoon.Healsoneedstomakesomephysicalpreparations,whichistheguaranteeforhimtodelveintothenewcourseenergetically.Therefore,justlikesowingtheseeds,goodpreparationswillbecertainlyconducivetoastudent’sfurtherstudy.Then,aftersowingtheseeds,farmersneedtodosomefieldmanagement.Theyneedtowaterthefieldstomaketheseedssprout.Whentheseedlingscomeoutofthesoil,theyneedtothinouttheseedlingssothattheyhaveenoughroomtogrow.Inasomewhatsimilarfashion,duringtheprocessoflearning,astudentshouldtryhisbesttodevelophislearningabilityandgoodstudyhabit,suchasself-studyability,perseverance,concentration,preparationandreviewing.Ascropsneedenoughnutritiontogrowfertile,studentsneedtostudysomereferencematerialstoenrichhisknowledgeofanewsubject.So,tosomeextent,nurturinggrowthcanberegardedasthesecondsteponthewayofastudent’ssuccess.Finally,asamansows,soheshallreap.Whenastudenthasmasteredacoursewellandhastheabilitytomakefulluseofit,hehascometothethirdphase—harvestingtherewardinthefarmingprocess.Atthisstage,astudenthastheabilitytoputknowledgeintopractice.Onlyafterknowledgehasbroughtbenefitstosociety,canwesaythatknowledgeisvaluableandthestudenthasharvestedtherewards.Thus,seeminglydifferent,studyingissimilartofarming.Hardworkingfarmersreapagoodharvestwhilediligentstudentsacquiregoodknowledge.TextIIGROWINGOLDJohnBoyntonPriestleyII.TextComprehension1.Answerthefollowingmultiple-choicequestions:1.Inthepassage,wecanseethatJ.B.PriestleyisNOThorrifiedby______.A.theerectionofhigh-risersandskyscrapersB.theappearanceofalargenumberofbeetlesC.thespreadofhousesandvillasD.theendlesssprawlingofhighwaysandexpresswaysKey:[B]2.In