羊肉的颜色一般呈暗红色

必修II第1单元课文词组及翻译教师用 (人教） 第1页      第一段 1. IN SEARCH OF THE AMBER [ ] ROOM寻找琥珀屋 2. Frederick[ ] William [ ] I, the King of Prussia[ ]普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世 could never have imagined 决不可能想到  (情态动词+ have done示对过去发生的事情的推测、批评、反悔等意。) have such an amazing history有这样一段令人惊奇的历史 Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. (宾语从句) 普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世决不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼竟会有这样一段令人惊奇的历史。 3. several tons of amber好几吨琥珀 be used to make it被用来制造它 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的主要区别是： 限制性 非限制性 和先行词关系密切（删掉后影响整个意义的表达） 与先行词关系不密切（是一种补充说明，删掉后不影响整个意思的表达） 不用逗号分开 一般使用逗号分开 可用关系代词that 不可用关系代词that 关系代词可以省略（that, who, which在从句中担任宾语时可以省略） 关系代词不可以省略 关系代词可以替代（whom作宾格时，可用who或that替代） 关系代词不能替代 读时不停顿 读时停顿，用降调 只可以修饰先行词，不可以修饰主句或主句的一部分 修饰整个主句或主句的一部分，此时定有逗号分开，只能由which或as引导。     在意义上二者差别还是很大的： 限制性定语从句，如： She has two sons who are P. L. A. men.（Maybe she has other sons who are not P. L. A. men.）她有两个当解放军的儿子。（她有不止两个儿子，其余的可能不当兵。） 非限制性定语从句，如： She has two sons，who are P. L. A. men.（She has only two sons. They are both P. L. A. men.）她有两个儿子，他们都是解放军。（她只有两个儿子，他们都是解放军。） This gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it.这件礼物就是琥珀屋，它之所以有这个名字，是因为造这间房子用了好几吨琥珀。 4.    the amber which was selected选用的琥珀 a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey琥珀色彩艳丽，像蜂蜜一样，呈黄褐色 The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey. 所选用的琥珀色彩艳丽，像蜂蜜一样，呈黄褐色。 5.    the design of the room琥珀屋的 be in the fancy [ ] style popular in those days是当时流行的极富艺术表现力的建筑式样 The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days琥珀屋的设计是当时流行的极富艺术表现力的建筑式样. 6.    a treasure decorated with gold and jewels一座嵌装着金银珠宝的宝库（过去分词短语做后置定语） the country's best artists 这个国家最优秀的艺术家们 It was also a treasure[tre]n.珍品 decorated with gold and jewels, which took the country's best artists about ten years to make. 琥珀屋也是一座嵌装着金银珠宝的宝库。这个国家最优秀的艺术家们用了大约十年的时间才把它完成。 第2页                    第二段 1. in fact = as a matter of fact事实上                            be made to be a gift作为礼物来建造的 In fact, the room was not made to be a gift. 事实上，这个琥珀屋并不是作为礼物来建造的。 2. design for设计来作 It was designed for the palace of Frederick I. 它是为腓特烈一世的宫殿而设计的。 3. the palace of Frederick [ ]I腓特烈一世的宫殿                     belong to属于                decided not to keep it决定不要它 However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William I, to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it. 然而，下一位普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世，这个琥珀屋的主人，却决定不要它了。 4. Peter the Great彼得大帝 In 1716 he gave it to Peter the Great. 在1716年，他把琥珀屋送给了彼得大帝。 5. in return作为报答                            a troop of his best soldiers一队自己最好的士兵 In return, the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers. 作为回赠，沙皇则送给他一队自己最好的士兵。 6. part of the Czar's [ :]winter palace in St Petersburg沙皇在圣彼得堡冬宫的一部分 So the Amber Room became part of the Czar's winter palace in St Petersburg. 这样，琥珀屋就成了沙皇在圣彼得堡冬宫的一部分。 7. about four metres long长约4米                        serve as担任,充当,起…作用,被用作 serve as a small reception [ n] hall for important visitors用作接待重要来宾的小型会客室 About four metres long, the room served as a small reception hall for important visitors.这间琥珀屋长约4米，用作接待重要来宾的小型会客室。 第三段 1. have sth. done要他人做某事 have the Amber[ ] Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg [ ]派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外 短语have sth. done = get sth. done有两层含义： 1 让别人做某事，让某事被做                        I'll have my hair cut tomorrow．明天我要理发。 ②遭遇到某事；经历（主语是不情愿的） He had his arm broken when he was playing basketball．他的胳膊在打篮球时受伤了。 ①have sb.do sth．让某人做某事（宾语与宾补之间是主动关系）。 My teacher had me finish this part.老师让我完成这一部分。 ②have sb. / sth. doing sth．让某人／物一直做某事（宾语与宾补之间是主动关系且强调动作的持续）。 How could you have her standing in the cold the whole night？你怎么能让她整夜站在寒冷中？ [思维迁移]  have当“有”讲时，可构成have sth. to do结构，其中to do为不定式作定语，当主语亲自做此事时，用不定式的主动形式；不是主语亲自做时，用不定式的被动式。 I'll be free this afternoon. Do you have some clothes to be washed？我今天下午有空，你有衣服要洗吗？ spend her summers度过夏天；避暑 Later, Catherine II had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers. 后来，叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。 2.    tell sb. to do sth.叫某人干某事            add... to…意为“把……加进……里” add more details [ ] to it增添了更多精细的装饰 She told her artists to add more details to it. 她叫她的工匠们在原来设计的基础上增添了更多精细的装饰。 3.  be completed the way she wanted照她的要求完成 the way引导的定语从句的引导词有三种情况，可以用that；可以用in which；还可以省略。 I don't like the way that / in which you speak to your father.我不喜欢你跟你父亲的方式。