高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解基础选练11

浙江武义县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮基础选练 2016高考模拟。阅读理解。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 When Luca first heard of the Island of Inventions, he was still very young. But its wonders sounded so incredible that they were forever burned in his memory. From that moment, he never stopped searching for clues which might lead him to the island. He read hundreds of adventure books, histories, volumes of physics and chemistry, even music. Over time, he pieced together his idea of what the Island of Inventions was like. It was a secret place, where all the great wise men of the world would meet to learn and invent together. Access to the island was totally restricted. To join, you had to have created some great invention for humanity. Only then could you receive the special invitation — which came with directions to the island. So Luca spent his youth studying and inventing. Every new idea he got, he made it into an invention, and if there were something he didn't understand, he’d seek others to help him. Soon he met other young inventors and he told them about the Island of Inventions. They too dreamed of one day receiving an invitation letter. As years passed, the disappointment of not receiving their invitation made Luca and his friends work harder and co-operate more. They would meet in Luca's house, share their ideas and build new machines. Their inventions became known throughout the world, and improved the lives of millions. But still, no invitation came. They didn’t lose heart. They continued learning and inventing every day, trying to come up with more and better ideas. Fresh young talent joined their group, as more inventors dreamed of getting to the island. One day many years later, Luca, already very old, was speaking with a brilliant young man named Roberts, who had written to him, asking him to join the group. Luca started telling the man of the wonderful Island of Inventions, and of how he was sure that some day they would receive an invitation. Surprised, the young inventor interrupted: “You mean this place isn’t the Island of Inventions? Isn't the letter you sent me the real invitation?” It was only then that Luca realised that his dream had become true in his very own house. No island could exist which would be better than where he was now. No place of invention would be better than what he and his friends had created. Luca felt happy to know that he had always been on the island, and that his life of invention and study had been a truly happy one. 1. Why did Luca and his colleagues probably never receive an invitation to the island? A. Their ideas were not considered worthy enough. B. They were too concerned with acquiring fame. C. The organization had already broken up. D. The island was not a real place. 2. What did Luca learn at the end of the story? A. The island of inventions did not exist. B. He had wasted most of his life. C. He had unknowingly built his own dreamland. D. He finally would receive his invitation. 3. Which of the following best describes Luca? A. Aggressive. B. Trusting. C. Creative. D. Easy-going. 参考答案1—3、DCC 阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。 Limit the use of private cars, improve public transport and encourage the use of bicycles to control traffic congestion(拥挤) during the 2008 Olympics, experts from foreign countries advised Beijing on Friday. Professor Nigel Wilson, of the civil and environmental engineering department of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, said he was "supportive to the limiting of private cars during the Olympic Games", saying that in foreign countries, the method is also adopted during big events, but he was unsure about the approach. The government planned to keep an average of more than one million cars off the roads to improve traffic flow during the Olympics, said Liu Xiaoming, deputy director of the Beijing Traffic Committee, at the China Planning Network First Urban Transportation Congress. Sharing Wilson's view, Dr. Yoshitsugu Hayashi, dean of the Graduate School of Environmental Studies of Nagoya University, believed the reduction in car use should be achieved not by banning, but through incentives. "Drivers who don't use their private cars could be given points," he said, "and the points could be exchanged for goods from online shopping." Wetzel stressed limiting the use of company cars. "Governmental officials should also be encouraged to use public transportation or ride bicycles," he said, adding that he himself is a bicycle-rider in London. Matthew Martimo, director of Traffic Engineering with Citilabs, said the bicycle was China's advantage. "Limiting private cars is an idea worth trying but it is just a temporary solution," he said. "The real cause of congestion is high density of people in Beijing and many have cars." Beijing, with a population of 15 million, is home to more than three million automobiles, and the number is rising by 1,000 a day. Professor Wilson said the Olympic Games was a great opportunity for Beijing to think about traffic problems and develop transportation, adding that the city had already been making public transport more efficient. Beijing has promised to stretch its 114-kilometer city railway to 200 kilometers before the opening of the Olympic Games. “We are looking forward to borrowing Beijing's experiences and drawing from its lessons in preparation for the 2012 Olympics,” said Wetzel.  16. The underlined word incentives in paragraph 4 means_______. A. something that encourages people to try B. online shopping C. points could be exchanged for goods D. award 17. It can be seen from the passage that ______. A. the government planned to forbid over 1 million cars to run on the roads during the Olympics. B. banning private cars is the best way to solve traffic congestion in Beijing C. Beijing now has 200 kilometers of city railway D. the use of company cars will not be limited 18. Why did Wetzel stress “ he himself is a bicycle-rider in London”? A. To limit the use of company cars. B. To encourage governmental officials to use public transportation or ride bicycles. C. To show that riding bicycles is good for health. D. To show that he loves riding bicycles. 19. Which of the following may be the reason for the traffic congestion in Beijing? A. The 2008 Beijing Olympic games. B. The number of cars in Beijing is rising by 1,000 a day. C. The large population in Beijing and the large number of cars. D. Public transport in Beijing is not efficient. 20. The purpose of the passage is ________. A. to limit the use of private cars, improve public transport B. to encourage the use of bicycles to control traffic congestion during the 2008 Olympics C. to borrow Beijing's experiences and draw from its lessons in preparation for the 2012 Olympics D. to tell the advice given by foreign experts on traffic congestion during 2008 Beijing Olympics [全解全析] 本文报道了外国专家对解决2008北京奥运会交通拥挤问题所提出的一些建议。 A 词义猜测题。由下面两行可知答案。 A 细节理解题。由第三段第一句可知答案。 B 推理判断题。他以自己为例子就是鼓励政府官员多用公共交通工具或多骑自行车。 C 推理判断题。由文章倒数第三段可知答案。 D 推理判断题。文章第一段就是文章的主旨。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。 The British National Health Service (NHS) was set up in 1948 and was designed to provide equal basic health care, free of charge, for everybody in the country. Before this time health care had to be paid for by individuals. Nowadays central government is directly responsible for the NHS although it is administered by local health authorities. About 83 percent of the cost of the health service is paid for by general taxation and the rest is met from the National Insurance contributions paid by those in work. There are charges for prescription and dental care but many people, such as children, pregnant women, pensioners, and those on Income Support, are exempt from payment. Most people are registered with a local doctor (a GP, or General Practitioner) who is increasingly likely to be part of a health centre which serves the community. As the population of Britain gets older, the hospital service now treats more patients than before, although patients spend less time in hospital. NHS hospitals — many of which were built in the nineteenth century — provide nearly half a million beds and have over 480, 000 medical staff. The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe although Britain actually spends less per person on health care than most of her European neighbours. During the 1980s there was considerable restructuring of the Health Service with an increased emphasis on managerial efficiency and the privatization of some services (for example, cleaning). At the end of the 1980s the government introduced proposals for further reform of the NHS, including allowing some hospitals to be self-governing, and encouraging GPs to compete for patients. Patients would be able to choose and change their family doctor more easily and GPs would have more financial responsibility. The political questions continue of how much money should be provided to support the NHS and where it should come from. 1 We can know from the first paragraph that ______________. A. the original aim of the NHS was to provide equal basic health care for everybody B. people didn’t have to pay for health care since the NHS was set up C. patients were charged for receiving health care before 1948 D. the NHS was an organization which gave free advice to villagers 2 What do we know about the NHS? A. It’s managed by the central government. B. Its cost is mainly paid for by the National Insurance contributions. C. It hires more people than any other unit in Europe. D. Fewer patients go to its hospitals than before because they spend less on health care. 3. All the following statements about GPs are true except that they ____________. A. take care of the local people’s health B. often take part in competitions to see who is the best C. work under high pressure nowadays D. have more responsibilities than before 4 What does the underlined word “exempt” probably mean? A. suffering B. different C. prevented D. free 5. The biggest problem for the NHS is ______________. A. many hospitals are too old to be used B. some services are in the charge of individuals C. more and more patients go to GPs for treatment D. there is not enough money for further reform [全解全析] CCBDD 国家保健中心由中央政府直接负责，但由地方当局管理。建立国家保健中心的最初目的 是为农村居民提供免费的基本健康护理，尤其儿童、孕妇等可享受免费治疗。 C。细节理解题。根据最后一自然段最后一句可知，建立国家保健中心的最初目的是为农村居民提供免费的基本健康护理，而不是针对所有的人，所以前两项错误。 C。细节理解题。根据第4自然段“The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe…”可知。从第二自然段第一句可以看出国家保健中心由中央政府直接负责，但由地方当局管理，所以A项错误。 B。细节理解题。根据最后一自然段话“and encouraging GPs to compete for patients”可知政府鼓励全科医生之间相互竞争，而不是让他们进行竞赛，看谁的医术高明。 D。猜测词义题。前面提到医生开药方及给病人治疗牙病需要收费，再结合but一词可推断儿童、孕妇等可享受免费治疗。 D。细节理解题。根据最后一自然段最后一句可知。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。 【2013广东省广州市调研测试】 As thousands of communities in the USA — especially in the South — became booming gateways for immigrant families from Central and South America during the 1990s and the early years of the new century, public schools struggled with the unfamiliar task of serving the large numbers of English learners arriving in their classrooms. Education programs needed to be built from scratch. “We had no teaching resources suitable for English learners here before. We had to develop them all ourselves,” a Texas principal said. Throughout the country, districts had to train their own teachers to teach English to non-native speakers or recruit teachers from elsewhere. School staff members had to figure out how to communicate with parents who spoke no English. But even as immigration has slowed or stopped in many places, and instructional programs for English-learners have matured, serving immigrant families and their children remains a work in progress in many public schools, especially those in communities that are skeptical, or sometimes unwelcoming, to the newcomers. One of the biggest challenges educators face, is communicating effectively with parents who don’t speak English — an issue that, in part, has contributed to recent complaints of discrimination by Latino students in some cities. “The parents’ role is very important for the success of these students, but it's also one of the most difficult things we’ve had to tackle,” said Jim D. Rollins, the president of the Springdale school district, where the 19,000-student school system has gone from having no English-learners 15 years ago to more than 7,500 now. “You have to make it a priority and work on it, work on it, and work on it.” Aside from the practical challenges, such as finding bilingual (会说两种语言的) staff members, guiding districts through such dramatic changes requires school leaders to bridge difficult political and cultural divides. For school leaders in the South, especially in the last few years, this difficult job has been made harder still by the negative attitudes of some locals towards immigrants. 36. According to the passage, what is the problem that public schools are facing? A. Handling more cases from the immigrant Mexican communities. B. Offering services to immigrant families in the southern states. C. Offering enough communicative lessons to immigrant parents. D. Providing education for non-native English learners. 【答案】D 【解析】细节理解题。根据public schools struggled with the unfamiliar task of serving the large numbers of English learners arriving in their classrooms.公立学校目前面临的问题是为那些母语不是英语的学生提供教育，故选D。 37. The underlined part “built from scratch” (in Paragraph 2) probably means “________”. A. completely new B. painful to make C. based on past experience D. constructed gradually 【答案】A 【解析】短语猜测题。根据We had no teaching resources suitable for English learners here before.因为以前没有过适合英语的初学者的教学资源，所以这个短语应是完全是新的，故选A。 38. What is one of the things the school leaders have done to deal with the problems? A. Provide more Spanish-only classes. B. Invite more teachers from other places. C. Train their teachers to speak Spanish. D. Use bilingual parents as part-time teachers. 【答案】B 【解析】细节理解题。根据Throughout the country, districts had to train their own teachers to teach English to non-native speakers or recruit teachers from elsewhere.主要问题是解决师资问题，需要更多的老师，需要邀请从外地来的老师，故选B。 39. What do we know about the immigrant parents? A. Many of them cannot speak English. B. Most of them think education is not important. C. Some of them feel skeptical about the local community. D. Few of them have attended American schools. 【答案】A 【解析】细节理解题。根据School staff members had to figure out how to communicate with parents who spoke no English.。这些父母当然不会讲英语，故选A。 40. According to Paragraph 3, what has caused some of the recent complaints by Latino students? A. Discrimination by schools. B. Unfriendliness of the locals. C. Miscommunication with parents. D. Poor government service. 【答案】C 【解析】细节理解题。根据One of the biggest challenges educators face, is communicating effectively with parents who don’t speak English — an issue that, in part, has contributed to complaints of discrimination by Latino students in some cities.由于学生的家长不会英语所以交流起来有一定的困难，容易引起误解，故选C。 PAGE 2