新编实用英语综合教程教案

Unit3CommunicationbyPhoneUnitGoalsWhatyoushouldlearntodoMakeaphonecallAnswerthephoneLeaveandtakeapassagePassthemessagetothepersonbeingcalledExtendaphonecallTake/fillinamessageWhatyoushouldknowaboutPhoneserviceintheUSABenefitortroubleofcellphonesBusinesstelephoneetiquetteforsuccessThesubjectivemoodSectionITalkingFacetoFaceImitatingMini-TalksActingouttheTasksStudyingEmailInformationontheInternetFollowingSampleDialoguesPuttingLanguagetoUseSectionIIBeingAllEarsLearningSentencesforWorkplaceCommunicationHandlingaDialogueUnderstandingaShortSpeech/TalkSectionIIITryingyourHandPracticingAppliedWritingWritingSentencesandReviewingGrammarSectionMaintainingaSharpEyePassage1:InformationRelatedtotheReadingPassage1.cellphone手机，移动电话Acellphoneisasmalltelephoneyoucancarrywithyouthatoperatesthroughnetworksofradioantennasorspacesatellites.Otherexpressionsofacellphone:1)acellularphone/telephone2)amobilephone/telephone3)ahandset2.ATM自动取款机ATMistheabbreviationforautomatedtellermachine.ATMsarefoundinbusinessdistrictsandshoppingmalls.Peopleusethemtogetcashfromtheirbankaccountsandinmanyplaces,topayforgas,groceries,andotherthings.3.voicemail有声邮件Avoicemailisatelephoneansweringsystemonwhichspokenmessagesareleftbyonepersonforanother.TextForConversationPress#1I’vegotacellphone,e-mailandvoicemail.ButwhyamIsolonelyAfunnythinghappenedonthewaytothecommunicationsrevolution:westoppedtalkingtooneanother.Iwaswalkingintheparkwithafriendrecently,andhiscellphonerang,interruptingourconversation.Theretheywere,talkingandtalkingonabeautifullysunnydayandIbecameinvisible,absentfromtheconversation.Theparkwasfilledwithpeopletalkingontheircellphones.Theywerepassingotherpeoplewithoutlookingatthem,sayinghello,noticingtheirbabiesorstoppingtopettheirpuppies.Evidently,thecordlesselectronicvoiceispreferabletohumancontact.Thetelephoneusedtoconnectyoutotheabsent.Nowitmakespeoplesittingnexttoyoufeelabsent.RecentlyIwasinacarwiththreefriends.Thedriverhushedtherestofusbecausehecouldnothearthepersonontheotherendofhiscellphone.Therewewere,fourfriendszoomingdownthehighway,unabletotalktooneanotherbecauseofagadgetdesignedtomakecommunicationeasier.Whyisitthatthemoreconnectedweget,themoredisconnectedIfeelEveryadvanceincommunicationstechnologyisasetbacktotheintimacyofhumaninteraction.Withe-mailandinstantmessagingovertheInternet,wecannowcommunicatewithoutseeingortalkingtooneanother.Withvoicemail,youcanconductentireconversationswithouteverreachinganyone.Ifmymomhasaquestion,Ijustleavetheansweronhermachine.Asalmosteveryconceivablecontactbetweenhumanbeingsgetsautomated,thealienationindexgoesup.Youcan’tevencallapersontogetthephonenumberofanotherpersonanymore.Directoryassistanceisalmostalwaysfullyautomated.PumpinggasatthestationWhysaygoodmorningtotheattendantwhenyoucanswipeyourcreditcardatthepumpandsaveyourselfthebotherofhumancontactMakingadepositatthebankWhytalktoaclerkwhomightliveintheneighborhoodwhenyoucanjustinsertyourcardintotheATMIamnoLuddite.Iownacellphone,anATMcard,avoicemailsystem,anemailaccount.Givingthemupisn’tanoption—theyaregreatforwhattheyareintendedtodo.It’stheirunintendedconsequencesthatmakemecringe.LanguagePoints1ExplanationofDifficultSentences1.(Title)ForConversationPress#1Analysis:Inthissentence,formeanswiththepurposeof.Press#1isinimperativemood.#standsforNo.,therefore#1isreadas.Translation:通话按1号键。Example:Forredialing,pressthe#key.2.(Para.3)Iwaswalkingintheparkwithafriendrecently,andhiscellphonerang,interruptingourconversation.Analysis:Interruptingourconversationinthesentenceisapresentparticiplephraseusedasanadverbialofresult.Translation:最近我和一位朋友正在公园里散步，突然他的手机响起来，打断了我们的谈话。Example:Thechildfell,strikinghisheadagainstthedoorandhurtingitslightly.3.(Para.3)Theretheywere,talkingandtalkingonabeautifullysunnydayandIbecameinvisible,absentfromtheconversation.Analysis:Talkingandtalkingonabeautifullysunnydayisapresentparticiplephraseusedasanadverbialofattendantcircumstance.Translation:在一个阳光明媚的日子，他们在那儿谈啊谈，而我却被遗忘，成了谈话的局外人。Example:Martasatinthearmchair,readingamagazine.4.(Para.5)Therewewere,fourfriendszoomingdownthehighway,unabletotalktooneanotherbecauseofagadgetdesignedtomakecommunicationeasier.Analysis:Fourfriendszoomingonthehighwayisapresentparticiplephrase,withfourfriendsasthelogicalsubjectofzoomingonthehighway.Thewholephraseservesasanadverbialofattendantcircumstance.Designedtomakecommunicationeasierisapastparticiplephraseusedasanattribute,modifyingtheantecedentgadget.Translation:我们四位朋友坐在车里，飞驰在高速公路上，却因为有了那个被来方便通信的小玩意儿而不能互相交谈。Example:Myroomisonthefourthfloor,itswindowoverlookingthebeach.Trucksandbusesweredrivenongascarriedinlargebagsontheroof.5.(Para.6)Whyisitthatthemoreconnectedweget,themoredisconnectedIfeelAnalysis:Inthissentence,theantecedentitstandsforthesubjectthat-clause(thatthemoreconnectedweget,themoredisconnectedIfeel),wherethecomparative...structureisused.SimilarstructurecanbefoundinWhatisitthat...Translation:为什么我们联系得越多，我却越感到失去了联系呢Example:Whyisitthatyouknowsomuch6.(Para.7)Asalmosteveryconceivablecontactbetweenhumanbeingsgetsautomated,thealienationindexgoesup.Analysis:Asisaconjunction,meaningatthesametimethat.Translation:随着人们之间几乎每一种可以想到的联系都变得自动化起来，疏远指数上升了。Example:Theysmiledastheireyesmet.Asheentered,thehallburstintothunderousapplause.7.(Para.8)PumpinggasatthestationAnalysis:Thisisanellipticalsentence.ThecompletesentenceshouldbeAreyoupumpinggasatthestationTranslation:你在加油站加油吗Example:(Areyou)Makingadepositatthebank(Para.9)8.(Para.8)WhysaygoodmorningtotheattendantwhenyoucanswipeyourcreditcardatthepumpandsaveyourselfthebotherofhumancontactAnalysis:Inthissentence,whyisusedasaninterrogativeadverb,followedbyabareinfinitivetoformarhetoricalquestion,whichcanalsotakeanegativestructuresuchasWhynotdosomethingTheformermeanswhyshouldwedosomethingorwedon’tneedtodosomething,whilethelattermeanstheopposite:let’sdosomething.Translation:既然你可以用信用卡在加油泵旁自动刷卡，免除与人打交道的麻烦，何必还要对加油站的工作人员打招呼呢Example:WhysmokewhenyouknowitissounhealthyWhynottrytotrainyourcharacterwhenyouhavetheopportunity9.(Para.11)IamnoLuddite.Analysis:Inthissentence,nomeansnotatall.Translation:我并不反对自动化。Example:Don’tcheather.She’snofool.Sheisnofriendofmine.10.(Para.11)Givingthemupisn’tanoption—theyaregreatforwhattheyareintendedtodo.Analysis:TheclauseTheyaregreatforwhattheyareintendedtodoservestoexplainwhygivingthemupisn’tanoption.Greatformeansverygoodfor.Whattheyareintendedtodomeanswhattheyaredesignedtodo.Translation:放弃他们并不可取——人们赋予它们的功能太美妙了。Example:Goingthereisn’tagoodidea—it’stoofarawayfromhere.11.(Para.12)It’stheirunintendedconsequencesthatmakemecringe.Analysis:Thisisanemphaticsentenceintroducedbyitis...that.Whatisemphasizedhereisthesubjecttheirunintendedconsequences.Thebasicstructureofsuchakindofsentenceisasfollows:It+be+theemphasizedpart+that+theotherpartsofthesentence.Translation:只是他们无意中带来的后果使我感到不寒而栗。Example:ItwasDavidthat(who)didit.ItwasakeythatIfoundinhispocket.Itwasnotuntillastyearthathecametoliveinthiscity.2ImportantWords1.lonelya.aloneandfeelingsad,lonesome孤独的，寂寞的.Withoutfriends,Selenafeltlonelyinthecityshehadjustarrivedin.Ishallhaveacompanioninthehouseafteralltheselonelyyears.Hefeltlonelywhenhisbestfriendmovedtoanotherplace.2.recentlyad.nottoolongago;startingnottoolongagoandstillgoingon,(syn.)currently最近，近来.Isawmyfriendrecently;wehaddinnertogetherlastweek.Recently,mybrotherhasbeenworkingonhismaster’sdegreeattheuniversity.I’veonlyrecentlybeguntolearnGerman.3.evidentlyad.asitappears,seemingly,(syn.)apparently明显，显然.Mr.Lowenbergevidentlyregardedthisasagreatjoke.Fromthewarmtemperatureandabundantflowers,itisevidentlyspringhere.Evidentlyyoursisterwassensitiveonthetopicofoperations.4.preferablea.betterormoresuitable,tobepreferred更可取的，更好的.Shefoundlifeinthecitypreferabletoherquietlifeinthecountry.Gradualchangeispreferabletosudden,greatchange.Milkisfine,butcreamwouldbepreferable.5.connectv.toattach,jointogether;toreachsb.bytelephone连接，接通.Thetelephoneoperatorconnectedmewiththehumanresourcesdepartment.IconnectedtheantennatotheTVset.Anewroadconnectsthetwosmallcities.6.unablea.notable,incapable不能的，不会的.Iamunabletocycletoschoolbecausemybicycleisbroken.Heisunabletowalkbecauseofabadankle.Heisunabletodothejobforlackofexperience.7.advancen.animprovement,(syn.)abreakthrough前进，进展.Therehavebeengreatadvancesinmedicineinthelast50years.Thismodelisagreatadvanceonpreviousones.Underthissystempopularscienceeducationmadegreatadvances.inadvanceof:morehighlydeveloped在之前，超过Theirtrainingfacilitiesarefarinadvanceofanythingwehave.inadvance:aheadoftime预先，事先Everythinghadbeenfixedinadvance.8.depositv.toplacesth.valuable,suchasmoney,inabankorbrokerageaccount;toplacevaluablesforsafekeeping存放，存储n.apartialpaymenttoholdgoodsorpropertyuntilthebuyermakescompletepayment定钱，押金.Samdepositedtendollarsinhissavingsaccount.Mrs.Hecklerdepositedherjewelryinasafe.Sheleftadepositonthecoat.9.insertv.toputsth.into,between,oramong插入，嵌入.Theoldladycarefullyinsertedtheletterintoanenvelopecarefully.Theprofessorinsertedacommentinthemargin.Afilmofoilisinsertedbetweentheslidingsurfacesofabearing.10.accountn.moneykeptinabankforpresentorfutureuse;acharacterstringthatindentifiesauserandisusedbycomputeroperatingsysteminaccountingorotherservices账户，帐号.IhaveacheckingaccountatMetropolitanBank.Theaccountswereperfectlyinorder.Heopenedanaccountatmybankinyourname.11.consequencen.theresultofdoingsth.结果，后果.Hedrankheavilyanddiedasaconsequence.I’mquitewillingtoaccepttheconsequence.Hedoesnotconsidertheconsequences.Passage2:InformationRelatedtotheReadingPassage1.ProperphoneetiquettetipsProperphoneetiquetteisimportantatbothapersonalandprofessionallevel.Beingpoliteonthetelephoneisjustasimportantaswhenspeakingwithsomeoneinperson.Youmightbesurprisedathowgoodyoufeelaboutyourselfifyouusepropertelephoneetiquetteandthepositiveresponsesreceivedwhiletalkingonthephone.Hereareafewtelephoneetiquettetipsasanupdatetoskillsthatarequitenaturalinmanyofus.Alwaysanswerthephonebysaying“Hello”andnotanyothergreeting.Ifthepersonwhohasbeenrequestedisnotavailable,simplystatethatheorshe“isnotavailableatthistime.MayItakeamessage”Notonlydoesthepersonontheotherendofthephonehaveagoodimpressionaboutyou,thatfeelingwillapplytothepersontheyarecallingforaswell.Alwaysbequickandtothepointwhileremainingpleasantduringaphonecall.Friendsandfamilywillcontinuewithatelephoneconversationiftheyhavetime,otherwisetheyarenotlikelytorushyouoffthephonenomatterhowbusytheyare.Nooneisperfect,soifyoudialawrongphonenumber,stateyourmistake,apologizeandhangupthephone.2.WaystoansweratelephoneatworkThereareseveralacceptedwaystoansweratelephoneatwork.Youcansimplysay“Hello”oryoucansayyourname,asin“JuneJohnsonspeaking.”Youdon’tneedtosaythecompany’snameifareceptionistorasecretaryhasalreadydoneso.Trytospeakinapleasant,unrushedvoice.Ifyouarerushedandcan’ttalk,it’sbettertosaythisandmakeplanstocallbacklater.Don’trustlepapersorworkwhileyou’respeakingonthephone.Ifyou’rereallytoodistractedtospeak,thenreschedulethecall.It’sokayandsometimesevennecessarytoscreenyourcalls.Butthere’sarightandawrongwaytodothis.First,trainyoursecretarytodoitpolitely.It’sbettertoask“MayIknowwho’scalling”than“Whoisthis”oreven“Who’scalling”Second,don’tinstructyoursecretarytosayyouareoutwhenyouarein.It’sacceptabletobeinbuttoobusytotalkatthemomentandit’salwaysbettertobehonest.Callerssensethedifference,andbesides,itmaynotlookgoodifyou’realwaysout.It’srudenottoreturntelephonecallsregardlessofwhomtheyarefrom.Youmightbeignoringapotentialcustomer.Manypeopletodaydon’tbothertoreturnphonecalls,andifyouworkforsomeoneelse,it’shighlyunlikelythatsuchbehaviorisacceptable.Whenyoudoreturncalls,trytoplacethemyourself.Ifyoumusthaveyoursecretarymakethecall,thengetonthelineimmediately.It’snotpolitetokeepsomeonewaitingwhenyou’veplacedthecall.TextBusinessTelephoneEtiquetteforSuccessPropertelephoneetiquetteismoreimportantthaneverintoday’sbusinessenvironment.Muchofourbusinesscommunicationtakesplaceonthephone:intheoffice,athome,inthecar,virtuallyanywhere.Invariousareas,properphonetechniquecanmakeorbreakdealsorrelationships.Lookattheseguidelinesthatcanhelpyouusethephoneasapowerfultool.Firstisthegreeting.Whenansweringthephoneforbusiness,besuretoidentifyyourselfandyourcompany.Ifansweringsomeoneelse’sline,besuretoincludetheirnameinyourgreeting,sothattheotherpartydoesnotthinktheyhavereachedawrongnumber.Forexample,ifBobJohnsonanswersJimSmith’sline,hewouldsay:“JimSmith’sline,BobJohnsonspeaking”andthentakeamessageorhandlethecall,dependingonhowhisofficeworks.Whenyouarethepersonmakingthecall,besuretouseproperphoneetiquettefromthestart.Youwanttobesuretobepolitetothe“gatekeepers”.secretaries,receptionistsetc.whoanswerthephoneforyourbusinesscontact,astheyaretheoneswhohavethepowertoputyouthrough(ornot),say,at4:55.onFriday,whentheirbossisgettingreadytoleavetheoffice.Whenyouhavereachedtheparty,ifyourcallhasbeenexpected,remindthemofthepriorconversationandappointment.Peoplegetbusyandcanseemsurpriseduntilyouremindthemofwheretheyshouldrememberyoufrom.Ifyourcallisnotexpected,unlessitwillbeashortcall,askthepartyiftheyhavethetimeforyou.Iftheotherpersondoesnothavetime,brieflystatethepurposeofyourcallandaskforanappointmenttofollowupatalatertime.Haveaphonediary.Keepapencilandpadnearthephoneandjotnotesduringphoneconversations.Thiswillhelpyou“activelylisten”andhaveareferencelater.Employactivelisteningnoisessuchas“Yes”or“Isee”or“Great”.Thisletstheotherpersonknowthatyoucareaboutwhattheyhavetosay.Endthecallonapositivenotebythankingtheotherpersonfortheirtimeandexpressaninterestinspeakingwiththemagain(ifthatistrue).Agraciousgoodbyeleavesthedooropenforfurthercommunication.Inthisglobalvillagetoday,youneverknowwhomyouwillbedoingbusinesswithinthefuture,soburninganybridges,ortelephonelines,wouldbeunwise.LanguagePoints1ExplanationofDifficultSentences1.(Para.2)Ifansweringsomeoneelse’sline,besuretoincludetheirnameinyourgreeting,sothattheotherpartydoesnotthinktheyhavereachedawrongnumber.Analysis:Thisisacomplexsentence.Besuretoincludetheirnameinyourgreetingisthemainclause,whichisanimperativesentencewiththesubject“you”beingomitted;ifansweringsomeoneelse’slineisanadverbialclauseofcondition,withthesubject“you”beingomitted;sothatintroducesanadverbialclauseofpurpose.Translation:如果你接的是别人的电话，一定要在问候时包含应接电话人的名字，以免对方误以为打错了电话。Example:Ifansweringthephoneforbusiness,besuretoidentifyyourselfandyourcompany.We’llsitnearertothefrontsothatwecanseebetter.2.(Para.2)Forexample,ifBobJohnsonanswersJimSmith’sline,hewouldsay:“JimSmith’sline,BobJohnsonspeaking”andthentakeamessageorhandlethecall,dependingonhowhisofficeworks.Analysis:Thisisacomplexsentence.Themainclauseishewouldsay…andthentake…orhandlethecall.Thesubjectofthemainclauseishe(Bob);andwouldsay,takeandhandlearecompoundpredicates.Dependingonhowhisofficeworksisapresentparticiplephrase,servingasanadverbialofconditionandmodifyinghandlethecall.Translation:例如，如果鲍勃·约翰逊接的是吉姆·史密斯的电话线路，他会说“这是吉姆·史密斯的电话，我是鲍勃·约翰逊”，然后根据自己办公室的工作程序，记下留言或处理来电。Example:Theexpensesyouclaimcanvaryenormously,dependingontraveldistancesinvolved.3.(Para.4)Ifyourcallisnotexpected,unlessitwillbeashortcall,askthepartyiftheyhavethetimeforyou.Analysis:Thisisacomplexsentence.Inthissentence,theimperativeclauseasktheparty…isthemainclausewithanif-clause;iftheyhavethetimeforyouasitsobject.Unlessitwillbeashortcallisanadverbialclauseofconcession.Translation:如果你的电话不是他们期待的，除非你的电话内容很短，否则你要问问对方是否有时间和你交谈。Example:Hewon’tfinishhistaskintimeunlessheworkshard.Unlessyouaretryingtoloseweighttopleaseyourself,it’sgoingtobetoughtokeepyourmotivationlevelhigh.2ImportantWords1.virtuallyad.infactorforallpracticalpurposes事实上.Itwasreportedthatthecityhadbeenvirtuallyparalyzedbythestorm.Unemploymentinthispartofthecountrywasvirtuallynon-existent.2.identifyv.toestablishorrecognize(sb./sth.)asacertainpersonorthing辨认,鉴别.Theboyidentifiedthebirdasaneagle.Thepoliceofficerrefusedtoidentifyhimself.Theyhavealreadyidentifiedtenmurdersuspects.3.contactn.theconditionofbeingincommunication联系.Welostcontactwithourformerneighborsaftertheymoved.Thepolitewasalwaysincontactwithanairtrafficcontroller.Hasyourbrotherkeptincontactwithhisfriendsfromcollege4.put…throughv.toconnect(acaller)tothepersontheyhavetelephoned接通.Sheputtheladythroughimmediately.Holdon,please.I’llputyouthroughtoMrs.Barnhart.Wouldyoupleaseputmethroughtoyourmanager5.remind…ofv.tomakesurethatsb.doesnotforgetsth.提醒,使想起.ThankyouforremindingmeofthemeetingIhavetoattend.Thishotelremindsmeoftheonewestayedinlastyear.Thetuneremindsmeofthesameplaythatwesawafewyearsago.6.priora.comingbeforeintime,orderorimportance在前的.Shedeniedpriorknowledgeofthemeeting.Hedidn’ttalkabouthisprioremployment.7.followupv.toactfurtheronsth.乘势采取行动.Thesalesmenusuallyfollowupaletterwithavisit.Asanewsreporter,whensomethingimportanthappens,Ihavetofollowitup.