清华2005考博英语

清华2005考博英语 21.Ploughs and other agricultural implements were on display at the recent exhibition. A.equations B.playthings C.tools D.machinery 22.My own inclination,if I were in your situation,would be to look for another position. A.symptom B.likeness C.habit D.tendency 23.The combination of lenses in a compound microscope makes possible greater amplification than can be achieved with a single lens. A.management B.magnificence C.magnetism D.magnification 24.The degree of downward slope of a beach depends on its composition of deposits as well as on the action of waves across its surface. A.sentiment B.sediment C.semester D.segment 25.The rigor of the winter in Russia was often described by Mogol. A.harshness B.perturbation C.dismay D.pessimism 26.Nowadays,the prescribed roles of the man as"breadwinner"and the woman as housewife are changing. A.ascribed B.prevalent C.original D.settled 27.A divorcee,Tom is the sole provider in a typical"single parent"family. A.religious B.spiritual C.exclusive D.chief 28.The old woman is chronically ill in bed and seldom goes out. A.seriously B.dangerously C.continually D.incurably 29.The driver stopped his car so abruptly that he was hit by the cab right behind him. A.impolitely B.violently C.suddenly D.maladroitly 30.Benin Mayer Alcott based the principal characters of her book Little Women on her sisters and herself. A.original B.central C.subjunctive D.oriental 31.Largely due to the university tradition and the current academic milieu,every college student here works A.industrially B.industriously C.consciously D.purposefully 32.I don't think it's sensible of you to__your greater knowledge in front of the chairwoman for it may well offend her. A.show up B.show off C.show out D.show away 33.__,he did become annoyed with her at times. A.Much as he liked her B.As he liked her much C.Although much he liked her D.Much although he liked her 34.If we don't stop flirting with those deathly nuclear weapons,the Whole globe will be__ A.empowered B.punished C.polluted D.annihilated 35.One of the important properties of a scientific theory is its ability to__further research and further thinking about a particular topic. A.invent B.stimulate C.renovate D.advocate 36.When in his rebellious years,that is when he was sixteen or eighteen,Frank Anderson __going around with a strange set of people and staying out very late. A.took to B.took up C.took on D.tookin 37.In spite of the wide range of reading material specially designed or____for language learning purposes,there is yet no effective and systematic program for the reading skills. A.appointed B.assembled C.acknowledged D.adapted 38.In 1816,an apparently insignificant event in a remote part of Northern Europe__Europe into a bloody war. A.imposed B.plunged C.pitched D.inserted 39.The municipal planning commission said that their financial outlook for the next year was optimistic.They expect increased tax__. A.privileges B.efficiency C.revenues D.validity 40.The problem of pollution as well as several other issues is going to be discussed when the Congress is in again next spring. A. convention B.conference C.session D.assembly Part III Reading Comprehension(40%) Directions:There are 4 reading passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.You should decideon the best choice and then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET.Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage. On September 7,2001,a 68-year-old woman in Strasbourg,France,had her gall bladder(胆)removed by-surgeons operating,via computer form New York.It was the first completely surgeryprocedure performed by surgeons nearly 4,000 miles away from their patient.In New York,Marescaux teamed up with surgeon Michel Gagner to perform the historic long-distance operation. Ahigh-speed fiber-optic service provided by France Telecom made the connection between New York andStrasbourg.The two surgeons controlled the instruments using an advanced robotic surgical system,designed by Computer Motion Inc.that enabled the procedure to be minimally invasive.The patient wasreleased from the hospital after about 48 hours and regained normal activity the following week. The high-speed fiber-optic connection between New York and France made it possible toovercome a key obstacle to telesurgery time delay.It was crucial that a continuous time delay of less than200 milliseconds be maintained throughout the operation,between the surgeon's movements in New Yorkand the return video(from Strasbourg)on his screen.The delay problemincludes video coding decoding and signal transmission time. France Telecom's engineers achieved an average time delay of 150 milliseconds."I felt ascomfortable operating on my patient as if I had been in the room,"says Marescaux. The successful collaboration(合作)among medicine,advanced technology,and telecommunications is likely to have enormous implications for patient care and doctor training.Highly skilledsurgeons may soon regularly perform especially difficult operations through long-distanceprocedures.The computer systems used to control surgical movement can also lead to a breakthrough inteaching surgical techniques to a new generation of physicians.More surgeons-in-training will have theopportunity to observe their teachers in action in telesurgeryoperating rooms around the world. Marescaux describes the success of the remotely performed surgical procedure as the beginning ofa"third revolution"in surgery within the last decade.The first was the arrival of minimally invasivesurgery,enabling procedures to be performed with guidance by a camera,meaning that the abdomen(腹部)and thorax(胸腔)do not have to be opened.The second was the introduction of computer-assistedsurgery,where complicated software algorithms(计算法)enhance the safety of the surgeon's movementsduring a procedure,making them more accurate,while introducing the concept of distance between thesurgeon and the patient.It was thus natural to imagine that this distance-currently several meters in theoperating room-could potentially be up to several thousand kilometers. 41.The title that best expresses the main idea is I A.How The Second Revolution in Surgery Comes Out B.The Telesurgery Revolution C.A Patient Was Saved D.Dream Comes True 42.The italicized word"telesurgery"(Par.1,sentence 2)can be best explained as__ A.an operation done over a distance B.an operation done on television C.an operation demanding special skill D.an operation demanding high technology 43.How long did it take the patient to resume her normal activity after the operation?___ A.24 hours B.48 hours C.About a week D.Almost a month 44.What is the major barrier to telesurgery? A.Distance B.Advanced technology C.Delay D.Medical facilities 45.The writer implies that__ A.difficult operation can be successfully performed all over the world now B.compared to the"third revolution"in surgery,the first two are less important C.all patients can be cured by a gall bladder-removal operation D.a new breakthrough has been made in surgery Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage. The multi-billion-dollar Western pop music industry is under fire.It is being blamed by the Unit Nations for the dramatic rise in drug abuse worldwide."The most worrisome development is a culture ofdrug-friendliness that seems to be gaining prominence(显著),"said the UN's 13-member InternationalNarcotics Control Board in a report released in late February 1998.The 74-page study says thatpop music,as a global industry,is by far the most influential trend-setter for young people of mostcultures."Some lyrics advocate the smoking of marijuana(大麻)or taking other drugs,and certainpop stars make statements and set examples as if the use of drugs for non-medicinal purposes were anormal and acceptable part of a person's lifestyle,"the study says. Surprisingly,says the Board,the effect of drug-friendly pop music seems to survive despite the occasional shock of death by overdose(过量用药)."Such incidents tend to be seen as an occasion to mourn the loss of a role model,and not an opportunity to confront the deadly effect of 'recreational'drug use,"it notes.Since the 1970s,several internationally famous singers and movie stars-including Eivis Presley,Janice Joplin,John Belushi,Jimi Hendrix,Jonathan Melvin and Andy Gibbs-have died of either drug abuse or drug related illnesses.With the globalization of popular music, messages tolerating or promoting drug abuse are now reaching beyond their countries of origin."In most countries,the names of certain pop stars have become familiar to the members of every household,"the study says. The UN study also blames the media for its description of certain drug issues-especially the use of marijuana and issues of liberalization and legalization-which encourages,rather than prevents,drug abuse."Over the last years,we have seen how drug abuse is increasingly regarded as being acceptable or even attractive,"says Hamid Ghodse,president of the Board."Powerful pressure groups run political campaigns aimed at legalizing controlled drugs,"he says.Ghodse also points out that all these developments have created an environment which is tolerant of or even favorable to drug abuse and spoils international drug prevention efforts currently underway. The present study,he says,focuses on the issue of demand reduction and prevention within an environment that has become tolerant of drug abuse.The Board calls on governments to do their legal and moral duties,and to act against the pro-drug messages of the youth culture to which young people increasingly are being exposed. Which of the following statements does the author tend to agree with? A.The use of drugs for non-medicinal purposes is an acceptable part of a person's lifestyle. B.The spreading of pop music may cause the drug abuse to go beyond the boundaries of the country. C.No efforts have been made to prevent the spreading of drug abuse. D.The governments have no ability to act against the pro-drug messages of the youth culture. 47.The italicized phrase"under fire"(Par.1,sentence 1)means__ A.in an urgent situation B.facing some problems C.being criticized D.quite popular 48.Under the influence of drug-friendly pop music,what might the youth think of the death of some pop stars caused by overdose? A.They tend to mourn the pop stars as role models. B.They are shocked to know even pop stars may abuse drugs. C.They try to confront the deadly effect of"recreational"drug use. D.They may stop abusing the drugs. 49.Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage as a factor that has contributed to creating an environment tolerant of or even favorable to drug abuse? A. The spreading of pop music. B.The media. C.Political campaigns run by powerful pressure groups. D.The low price of some drugs. 50.The pop music__ A.has a great influence on young people of most cultures B.only appeals to a small number of young people C.is not a profitable industry D.is the only culprit responsible for drug abuse Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage. The Alaska pipeline starts at the frozen edge of the Arctic Ocean.It stretches southward across the largest and northern most state in the United States,ending at a remote ice-free seaport village nearly 800 miles from where it begins.It is massive in size and extremely operates. The steel pipe cresses windswept plains and endless miles of delicate tundra that tops the frozen ground.It weaves through crooked canyons,climbs sheer mountains,plunges over rocky crags,makes its way through thick forests,and passes over or under hundreds of rivers and streams.The pipe is 4 feet in diameter,and up to 2 million barrels of crude oil can be pumped through it daily. Resting on H-shaped steel racks called"bents,"long sections of the pipeline follow a zigzag course high above the frozen earth.Other long sections drop out of sight beneath spongy or rocky ground and return to the surface later on.The pattern of the pipeline's up-and-down route is determined by the often harsh demands of the arctic and sub arctic climate,the tortuous lay of the land,and the varied compositions of soil,rock,or permanently frozen ground.A little more than half of the pipeline is elevated above the ground.The remainder is buried anywhere form 3 to 12 feet,depending largely upon the type of terrain and the properties of the soil. One of the largest in the world,the pipeline cost approximately$8 billion and is by far the biggest and most expensive construction project ever undertaken by private industry.In fact,no single business could raise that much money,so 8 major oil companies formed a’consortium in order to share the costs.Each company controlled oil rights to particular shares of land in the oil fields and paid into the pipeline-construction fund according to the size of its holdings.Today,despite enormous problems of climate,supply shortages,equipment breakdowns,labor disagreements,treacherous terrain,a certain amount of mismanagements and even theft the Alaska pipeline has been completed and is operating. 51.The passage primarily discusses the pipeline's A.operating costs B.employees C.consumers D.construction 52.The word"it"(Par.1,sentence 3)refers to__ A.pipeline B.ocean C.state D.village 53.The author mentions all of the following as important in determining the pipeline’s route EXCEPT the A.climate B.lay of the land itself C.local vegetation D.kind of soil and rock 54.How many companies shared the costs of constructing the pipeline? A.3 B.4 C.8 D.12 55.Which of the following determined what percentage of the construction costs each member of the consortium would pay? A.How much oil field land each company owned? B.How long each company had owned land in the oil fields? C.How many people worked for each company? D.How many oil wells were located on the company's land? Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage. Margherita is a London girl and arriving at Capital was like coming home."I grew uplistening to Capital Radio,"she says."People say,'Wasn't it frightening,joining such well-known presenters?'But everyone here is so down to earth.It would be off-putting if the others had people doing their make-up,or star signs on their office doors.But there's none of that---Mick Brown,for instance,finishes his show and wanders off to get the bus home with everyone else." Margherita says that her own musical tastes varied.But she doesn't pick her own music for her shows.The Capital computer selects the records in advance from a list approved by the station managers "The station has a certain sound,and if we all picked our own music,it wouldn't sound like Capital,"she says."But for someone who likes music,this is a dream job.I get to go to concerts and meet the bands you can hear on my show.It's great to hear the'behind the scenes'gossip." Most people would expect that a presenter's most important qualities are a nice voice and huge amounts of confidence,but Marghertita say that basic maths is handy as well."You have to make sure that you've got an eye on everything that's going on in the studio,but you've got to be able to add and subtract and think in minutes and seconds,"she says."You're dealing with timed records,and with announcements and commercials that are also timed precisely,and you have to be ready to switch to the news at exactly the right second.If you're going over to a live event,you need to be ready,for that on time,not a second earlier or later." This isn't the sort of gift to let the rock'n'roll lifestyle go to her head.Even if she did her family would bring her down to earth."When I started at Capital the only thing my brothers asked was whether they'd get free records,"she remembers."And my mum couldn't even find the station on her radio." Margherita Taylor is very nice and very easy-going,but very much in control.She is so much a "Capital Radio girl"that you might think she is just doing a good job for the station's publicity, department,although you know what she's saying really comes from the heart.She smiles a lot,laughs a lot and is generally a great advert for Capital. 56.What does"that"(Par.1,sentence 6)refer to? A.The fame of the other presenters. B.Margherita's fear of the other staff. C.Self-important behaviour by the other presenters. D.Bad treatment of Margherita by the other staff. 57.One point Margherita makes about her job is that__ A.she has changed her attitude to music B.she is unhappy that records she plays are chosen for her C.she likes most of the music that she plays on her show D.she enjoys talking to the people whose records she plays 58.What does Margherita say about presenting a show? A.It is essential to keep in mind what is going to happen next. B.It is more complicated than she had previously thought. C.The ability to add and subtract is the most important requirement. D.The contend of a show is sometimes changed suddenly. 59.How have Margherita's family reacted to her success? A.With caution.B.Without interest. C.With surprise.D.Without excitement. 60.In the final paragraph,what does the author say about Margherita? A.She was different from what she had expected. B.She genuinely believes that Capital is a good radio station. C.She feels it necessary to talk about Capital Radio all the time. D.She has already changed her job at Capital radio. Part IV Cloze(10%) Directions:There are 20 blanks in tile following passage.For each blank there are foul'choices marked A,B,C and D.You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. The most exciting kind of education is also the most.Nothing can 61 the joy of discovering for yourself something that is important to you.It may be an idea or a bit of information you 62 across accidentally--or a sudden 63,fitting together pieces of information or working through a problem.Such personal 64 are the"pay off"in education.A teacher may 65 you to learning and even encourage you in it--but no teacher can make the excitement or the joy happen.That's 66 to you. A research paper,67 in a course and perhaps checked at various stages by an instructor, 68 you beyond classrooms,beyond the texts for classes and into a 69 where the joy of discover and learning can come to you many times.70 the research paper is an active and individual process,and ideal learning process.It provides a structure 71 which you can make exciting discoveries,of knowledge and of self,that are basic to education.But the research paper also gives you a chance to individualize a school assignment,to 72 a piece of work to your own interests and abilities,to show others 73 you can do.Waiting a research paper is more than just a classroom exercise.It is an experience in 74 out,understanding and synthesizing,which forms the basis of many skills 75 to both academic and nonacademic tasks.It is,in the fullest sense;a discovering education.So,to produce a good research paper is both a useful and a thoroughly 76 experience! To some,the thought of having to write an assigned number of pages often more that ever produced 77,is disconcerting.To others,the very idea of having to work 78 is threatening.But there is no need to approach the research paper assignment with anxiety,and nobody should view the research paper as an obstacle to 79.Instead,consider it a goal to 80,a goal within reach if you use the help this book can give you. 61.A.exterminate B.impulse C.intervene D.exceed 62.A.conform B.confront C.come D.console 63.A.insight B.relaxation C.relay D.ingredient 64.A.serials B.separations C.encounters D.segregations 65.A.help B.salute C.scrub D.direct 66.A.here B.off C.up D.with 67.A.assigning.B.assigned C.lounged D.lounging 68.A.litters B.intervenes C.jots D.leads 69.A.process B.interface C.interpretation D.prosecution 70.A.Designing B.Designed C.Preparing D.Prepared 71.A.outside B.within C.without D.upon 72.A.grease B.glare C.suffix D.suit 73.A.which B.what C.how D.because 74.A.searching B.supplementing C.popularizing D.polarizing 75.A.arrogant B.concise C.chronic D.applicable 76.A.segmenting B.satisfying C.characterizing D.chartering 77.A.later B.beforehand C.afterwards D.before 78.A.accordingly B.acceptably C.independently D.infinitely 79.A.overwork B.overcome C.lumber D.lull 80.A.accelerate B.caution C.accomplish D.boycott Part V Writing(20%) Directions:In this part,you are asked to write a composition on the title of"My Aim for Doctoral Stud)," with no less than 200 English words.Your composition shou M be based on the following outline given in Chinese.Put your composition on the ANSWER SHEET 21．【答案】C【解析】implements“工具，器具”。equations“相等，等式”，playthings“玩具”，tools 是“工具，用具”，machinery是“机器，机械”。 译文：犁和其他农业用具将会在最近的展览会上展出。 22．【答案】D【解析】inclination“倾向，爱好”。symptom“症状，征兆”，likeness“相似物”，habit “习惯”，tendency“趋向，倾向”。 译文：如果我处在你的位置，我会寻找另外的职位。 23．【答案】D【解析】amplification的意思足“扩大”。management“经营，管理”，magnificence“华 丽”，magnetism“磁力，吸引力”，magnification“扩大”。 译文：由多个透镜组成的复合显微镜可能比单片显微镜放大很多倍。 24．【答案】B【解析】sentiment“情操，观点，”，sediment“沉淀物，沉积”，semester“学期”，segment “段，节”。 译文：海滩的坡度是由海滩沉淀物的成分和海滩面波浪的运动决定的。 25．【答案】A【解析】rigor“严格，严酷”。harshness“严肃，刺耳”，perturbation“动摇，混乱”， dismay“沮丧，惊慌”，pessimism“悲观，悲观主义”。 译文：Mogol经常描述俄罗斯寒冷的冬天。 26．【答案】B【解析】prescribed“指示，处方”。ascribed“归因于，归咎于”，prevalent“普遍的，流行 的”，original“原始的，新颖的”，settled“固定的”。 译文：当今男人养家糊口，女人做家庭主妇的固定角色正在转变。 27．【答案】C【解析】sole“单独的，唯一的”。religious“宗教上的，修道的”，spiritual“精神上的”， exclusive“唯一的，高级的”，chief的意思是“主要的”。 译文：离婚后，汤姆是这个典型的单亲家庭的惟一的养家人。 28．【答案】C【解析】chronically“慢性地，长期地”。seriously“严肃地，真诚地”，dangerously，“危 险地”，continually“不断地”，incurably“治不好地” 译文：老太太长期卧病在床，很少出去。 29．【答案】C【解析】abruptly“突然地，唐突地”。impolitely“无礼地”，violently“激烈地，暴力的”， suddenly“突然地”，maladroitly“不灵巧地”。 译文：这位司机突然停车，所以被他后面行驶的出租车撞上了。 30．【答案】B【解析】principal“主要的，首要的”。original的意思是“原始的，新颖的”，central“中 心的，主要的”，subjunctive“虚拟的”，oriental的意思是“，东方的”。 译文：Benin Mayer AIcott的小说《小妇人》中的主要人物是取源于她的姐妹和她自己。 31．【答案】B【解析】industrious“刻苦的”industrially“工业地”，consciously“有意识地，自觉地”， purposely“有目的地”， 译文：由于这所大学的传统和当前的学术环境，这里的每位大学生学习都很刻苦 32．【答案】B【解析】show off“炫耀，卖弄” 译文：我认为在女议长面前卖弄你的渊博知识是不明智的，因为这会冒犯她。 33．【答案】A译文：尽管他非常喜欢她，但有时他也很烦她。 34．【答案】D【解析】。annihilated“消灭，消除”empowered的意思是“授权予，使能够”，punished的 意思是“惩罚，处罚”，polluted的意思是“污染” 译文：如果我们继续摆弄那些致命的核武器，整个地球将会被毁灭。 35．【答案】B【解析】B项“stimulate刺激”，invent意思是“发明，创造”，renovate意思是“革新，修 复”advocate意思是“提倡，鼓吹” 译文：科学理论的重要属性之一就是它有能力激发对新课题的进一步研究和思考。 36．【答案】A【解析】A项took to“喜欢，沉溺于”。took up的意思是“拿起，开始从事”，took on的意 思是“呈现”，took in的意思是“吸收，理解” 译文：Frank Anderson十六岁或十八岁时，非常叛逆，他喜欢跟一群陌生人到处闲逛并且在外 面玩很晚。 37．【答案】D【解析】adapted“使适合于；改编，appointed“约定，任命，”，assembled“集合”，acknowledged “承认，答谢，报偿”。 译文：尽管为语言学习专门或编写了很多的阅读，然而至今仍没有一套有效的、系统的 提高阅读技巧的方法。 38．【答案】B【解析】B项“plunged使投入，使陷入”imposed“征税，强加，”，pitched“投，向前倾 跌”，inserted的意思是“插入，嵌入 译文：18 16年北欧一个偏僻地区所发生的一场无关紧要的事件，确使欧洲陷入了一场血腥的 战争。 39．【答案】C【解析】revenues“国家的收入，税收”。，privileges“特权，特别待遇”，efficiency“效 率”，validity“有效性，合法性，正确性” 译文：市政规划委员会说他们下一年的财政前景是乐观的，他们期待提高税收。 40．【答案】C【解析】“session会议，开庭”convention“大会，惯例”，conference“会议，”，assembly “装配，集会，” 译文：污染问题和其他问题将会在明年春天的议会上讨论。 Part III Reading Comprehension 41．正确答案B。考点类型主旨推断。解题思路是从文章的整体把握，综观全文考虑。串联每段的 中心观点。混淆选项C，D，主题考试试题中正确答案都不可能包含文章的细节，比如人，物，时 间，地点等，所以C选项不对。D选项正好相反，太过于宽泛了，体现不出文章的主题。 42．正确答案A。考点类型词汇推断。解题思路是从文章的第一段内容可知，这次手术是法国和纽 约两地的医生通过电脑来共同完成的，因此telesurgery可以解释为“远程手术”。从该词的结构组 成也可以判断出“远程手术”的含义。Tele-前缀表示“远”。混淆选项D，该选项符合文章的要 求，因为这类手术肯定涉及到很多先进技术，但不是“telesurgery”的正确含义。 43．正确答案C。考点类型细节判断。解题思路是从文章的第二段的“The patient was released from the hospital after about 48 hours and regained normal activity the following week．”病人48小 时后离开医院，并在一周后恢复正常的生活。可知，C项为正确答案。混淆选项B，原文提到了 48小时的概念，但题干问的是病人术后恢复正常的活动需要多常时间？所以，该选项是以偏概全。 44．正确答案C。考点类型细节判断。解题思路是从文章第三段的“The high—speed fiber—optic connection between New York and Francemade it possible to overcome a key obstacle to telesurgery time delay．”可知，C项为正确答案。 45．正确答案D。考点类型推断。解题思路是从第五段的“The computer systems used to control surgical movement can also lead to a breakthrough in teaching surgical techniques to a new generation of physicians．”可知，D项为正确答案。混淆选项是A和B，A答案中出现了绝对化的单词all over the world所以不正确。B选项中出现了无关递进比较less important， 原文并没有提到该说法，所以不对。 46．正确答案B。考点类型细节判断。解题思路根据第三段的“with the globalization of popular’ music．messages tolerating or promoting drug abuse are now reaching beyond their countries of origin．” 可知正确答案是B项。混淆选项C，No efforts have been made to„中NO有绝对化的含义；另外， 该选项和常识也不符合，所以C是不正确的。 47．正确答案C。考点类型词义推断。解题思路根据文章后面的“It is being blamed by the United Nations for the dramatic rise in drug abuse worldwide．”可以判断under fire意为“被指责”的含义。 同时，可以根据文章的整体把握，把B和A选项代如到原句中对比选择。混淆选项A和B，A紧 急情况偏向中性，不见得是有“受到批评”的含义。B面对一些问题，后面的文章中并没有提到或 具体说明流行音乐面临什么问题。 48．正确答案A。考点类型细节判断。考点类型根据第三段的“Such incidents tend to be seen as an occasion to mourn the loss of a role model，and not an opportunity to confront the deadly effect of recreational drug use．”’可知，A项为正确答案。混淆选项C和D，C和原文正相反。D是正常 的推理结论，但原文中并没有提到，属于对原文信息的错误推理。 49．正确答案D。考点类型细节判断。解题思路是综观全文，只有D项“一些价格低的药品” 未被捉及。 50．正确答案A。考点类型细节判断。解题思路是根据文章第二段的“The 74一page study says that pop music，as a global industry，is by far the most influential trend—setter for young people of most cultures．”可知，A项为正确答案。 51．正确答案D。考点类型主旨判断。解题思路综观全文，本文主要讨论了管道的建造。因此 D项为正确答案。 52．正确答案A。考点类型指代关系。解题思路从第一句“The Alaska pipeline starts at the frozen edge of the Arctic Ocean．”判断可知，本段后面的几个it指的都是管道。因此A项为正确答案。 指代关系题一般是向文章的上文搜索，如果代词出现在状语从句中，也可以向文章的下文搜索寻找 先行词。混淆选项C，原文提到了state，但把该词代入会发现句子就读不通了。 53．正确答案C。考点类型细节判断。解题思路是从文章的第3段判断可以知道，在决定管道 路线时，只有C项不是重要因素。 54．正确答案C。考点类型细节判断。解题思路根据第四段的“In fact no single business could raise that much money，So 8 major oil companies formed a consortium in order to share the costs．”可知，C 项为正确答案。 55．正确答案A。考点类型细节判断。解题思路根据第四段的“Each company controlled oil rights to particular shares of land in the oil fields and paid into the pipeline—construction fund according to the size of its holdings”可知，A项为正确答案。 56．正确答案C。考点类型指代关系。解题思路从第一段的内容可知，这里的“that”指的是 其他节目主持人的off-putting妄自尊大的行为。因此C项为正确答案。 57．正确答案D。考点类型细节判断。解题思路根据第二段的“But for someone who likes music， this is a dream job．I get to go to concerts and meet the bands you can hear on my show．It’S great to hear the‘behind the scenes’gossip．”可知，D项为正确答案。 58．正确答案B。考点类型推断。解题思路从第三段的内容可知，主持一次节目比Margherita 原来所想的要复杂。混淆选项C，加减算法的应用在原文提到，但不是最重要的一个要求。 59．正确答案D。考点类型态度推断。解题思路从第四段内容可知，Margherita的家人对她的 成功并不兴奋。因此D项为正确答案。 60．正确答案A。考点类型主旨推断。解题思路从最后一段内容you might think„..,although you know what she's saying really comes from the heart.可知，作者认为Margherita和她所想的不同。 Part IV Cloze 61．【答案】A62．【答案】C63．【答案】A64．【答案】C65，【答案】D66．【答案】C67．【答案】B68．【答案】D69．【答 案】A70．【答案】C71．【答案】B72．【答案】D73．【答案】B74．【答案】A75．【答案】D76．【答案】B77．【答案】 B78．【答案】C79．【答案】B80．【答案】C 【参考范文】 My Aim for Doctoral Study Now people ill growing numbers are beginning to realize the importance of doctoral degree.As for me,since I acquired my master's degree,I have been working for a large-sized state-owned enterprise. During that period,I have been doing well.But as time passed by,my knowledge and skills are increasingly becoming inadequate for the development in my domain.In order to better my performance in the domain I am exploring,I choose to pursue my doctoral degree. If I gain the enrollment luckily,I would try my best to make full use of those precious resources. Apart t~om accomplishing the assigmnents,I would seek for any chance to promote my capacity.Besides, the experts'invaluable experiences and profound knowledge could enlarge my horizon and sparkle my inspiration.Aided with my efforts,I have confidence to achieve my goal as a qualified doctoral researcher and my later job would be done better.A Chinese saying I remember forever is that one is never too old to learn.