黑龙江省哈尔滨市2015年中考英语试题含解析

2015年中考真题 黑龙江省哈尔滨市英语试卷 一、单选题（共20小题） 1．Boys and girls, believe in yourselves．The ____ you are, the better grades you’II get． A．more careful B．more carefully C．most carefully 2．What____ good news! Our school band (乐队)will play at Harbin Summer Concert in August． A．a B．the C．/ 3．—Our class will have a party ____ the evening of June 30th．Would you like to come? —Yes, I'd love to, but I'm going to visit my grandparents in Dalian． A．in B．on C．at 4．Our government has tried many ways to ____ the smog(雾霾)problem．Maybe we'll have a clear sky in the near future． A．put away B．work out C．come up 5．Health is important for us teenagers, so we should eat more vegetables such as ____ to keep healthy． A．tomatoes and potatoes B．tomatos and potatos C．tomatos and potatoes 6．____ the winter in Harbin is rather cold, the city is still attractive to the visitors throughout the world． A．Although B．But C．So 7．As middle school students, we ____ be afraid of difficulties if we want to make our dreams come true． A．must B．shouldn't C．need 8．It was such a long way that they didn't ____ the hotel until it became dark． A．reach B．arrive C．get 9．Language learning isn't hard itself．The attitude ____ you have decided if you can learn it well at last． A．what B．who C．which 10．It's my ____ time to come to the bookstore this month because most of the books in it are my favorite． A．forth B．four C．fourth 11．- Could you tell me ________ ？ - You' d better keep a diary in English as often as possible． A．when I can improve my written English B．how I can improve my written English C．if can I improve my written English 12．Doing eye exercises ____ one of the useful ways to protect our eyes． A．is B．are C．were 13．I wonder when Subway Ⅱ in Harbin ____ ．When the day comes, I' ll spend less time going to school every day． A．is finish B．will be finished C．was finished 14．I ____ a camera two weeks ago but I haven't had a chance to use it． A．have bought B．bought C．will buy 15．In western countries, when your friend offers (提供)you something,  you can accept it directly(直接地), or refuse it politely．Therefore, which situation fits the western custom? A．At a restaurant   ①Help yourself to some fish．②No．I don 't like eating fish at all． B．At your birthday party ①Here's a present for you．②I don't need it．You shouldn't spend so much money． C．At a bar   ①Would you like something to drink, beer or wine? ②A glass of beer, please． 16．Safety must come first．During the coming summer vacation, some of us may travel to other places．To keep safe during the journey, we should ____ ． ①avoid eating raw(生的)and cold food ②obey the local traffic rules ③swim in the dangerous area ④never stretch our hands out of the window when taking a bus ⑤ tell strangers our personal information A．①③⑤ B．②④⑤ C．①②④ 17．We have made a survey among 1,000 students from a middle school about their favorite food．____  students like fruits according to the form． A．350 B．650 C．800 18．Which pair of the words with the underlined letters has the same sound? A．smile history B．land marry C．pencil these 19．Which of the following words has a different sound from the underlined letter of the word "cut" ? A．study B．truth C．hungry 20．Which word of the following doesn't have the same stress as the others? A．Repair． B．Against． C．Magic 二、完形填空（共1小题） 21. 阅读下面短文，从短文后面各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D) 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 　　How can we keep a feeling of balance(平衡) in our lives? How can we live with a positive attitude? To answer the two questions, let's   1   the following points． 　　Life Isn't Fair (公平的) Our life isn't always   2   of pleasure, is it? Life doesn't always give us a hand and doing our best doesn't always bring good results． 　　Failure  Failure is necessary to life, almost as necessary as the  3  we breathe．Failure is part of trying．The only thing that we need to think about is   4   to deal with it．In fact, failure can be a great teacher that leads( 引导)us to success． 　　Loneliness It's   5   for us to be with our family and friends for ever．Sometimes we have to be alone．Don't be afraid when we feel lonely．Treasure(珍惜)the friendship, kindness and love we own now． 　　Suffering  Growing up is not easy and pain is part of our lives．Almost   6   gets hurt．Take a deep breath and give life a big smile when we suffer pain． 　　Personal Responsibility(责任)  We each have a choice to be either a   7   or a loser．We should have responsibility for the choices we make．What we will have in the future depends on what we do   8  ． 　　Self-confidence  We should believe we can do something well．Nothing in the world is difficult for the man who  9  himself． 　　Life is like a long journey．10  with a positive attitude and look at the bright side of things．There will always be sunshine and flowers in our eyes． 1．A．cheer up         B．fall off       C．focus on 2．A．full             B．filling        C．fill 3．A．water            B．air            C．food 4．A．what             B．that           C．how 5．A．possible         B．impossible     C．impolite 6．A．someone          B．no one         C．everyone 7．A．driver           B．winner         C．farmer 8．A．today            B．yesterday      C．past 9．A．is confident of  B．is angry with  C．is similar to 10．A．To travel       B．Travelling     C．Travel 三、阅读理解（共3小题） 22.阅读下面短文，从每题所给的三个选项（A、B、C）中，选出最佳选项。     Tom was a college student．He often made excuses not to attend classes．Also, he spent much of his free time playing computer games．He never went to the library to study．     How time flew! At the end of the term, there was one important event that he was afraid of – the final exam．"What should I do?" Tom walked up and down in the room the day before the exam．He was keyed up．Suddenly, he thought of an idea．     The next morning, Tom went into the exam room very early．He found a young man who looked so confident and took a seat next to him．"Hey your" Tom greeted．"What?" The young man asked．     "Can you do me a favor?" Tom begged(恳求), "Please let me copy your paper(试卷)during the exam．I have to depend on you!" When hearing his words, the young man just smiled but said nothing．     When the bell rang, the young man stood up immediately and came to the front, saying,  "     Now I will hand out(分发)the papers to all of you and collect them in one hour．" Tom sat there with his mouth wide open． 1．The underlined word "keyed up" most probably means       ． 　　A．satisfied 　　B．nervous 　　C．brave 2．Tom walked up and down in the room the day before the exam because 　　A．he liked studying in the library 　　B．he wanted to take exercise 　　C．he was worried about the coming exam 3．When Tom was in college,          ． 　　A．he studied very hard 　　B．he didn't always attend classes 　　C．he spent little of his free time playing computer games 4．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? 　　A．Tom was confident, so he went into the exam room late． 　　B．There was a final exam at the end of the term． 　　C．Tom wanted to copy someone else's paper during the final exam． 5．"       " can be the missing sentence in the passage． 　　A．It is time for the final exam！ 　　B．Tom wants to copy my paper! 　　C．I am fond of the exam！ 23.根据格所提供的信息从每题所给的三个选项（A、B、C）中，选出最佳选项。 The Information about Some Great Inventions WordBox: lightbulb 灯泡  unknown 未知的  flax 亚麻 1．Since     invented paper, people have been able to record information on paper． 　　A．Alexander Bell 　　B．Thomas Edison 　　C．Cai Lun 2．According to the form above, the invention that appeared in 1876 was made of     ． 　　A．plastic and metal 　　B．glass and metal 　　C．cotton or flax 3．According to the form above, the latest invention was        ． 　　A．the telephone 　　B．the light bulb 　　C．the wheel 4．Thanks to the invention of the wheel, people can              ． 　　A．have enough light to read 　　B．travel faster 　　C．communicate over distances 5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the form above? 　　A．Three of the inventions were made of metal． 　　B．Neither Alexander Bell nor Thomas Edison is American． 　　C．Two of the inventions appeared in the 19th century． 24.根据短文选择最佳答案。 　　Last year, a special kind of glove came out．It was invented to help bind people to learn Braille,which is a special system for the blind to read by touching．Shaking motors (震动马达) are put on each finger of the glove．They can make different sounds to tell a user which letter he is touching．Recently, two British college students have invented another special glove for the blind．It can make the user feel small and quick movements．An ultrasonic sensor(超声波传感器)with a battery is put on the back of the glove．When the user wearing the glove is close to an object（物体）, ultrasonic waves( 超声波)from the glove are sent out  (发出)．As soon as they hit the object in front,  the waves will return to the glove．Then the waves cause the glove to shake．And the ultrasonic sensor makes different kinds of sounds．The sounds make the user know how far he is from the object．   In the college invention competition, the two students got first prize and won 1,540 pounds．One of the designers said, "Now the ultrasonic sensor on the glove is quite large．We're going to use the money to develop a smaller and lighter ultrasonic sensor．" 1．The underlined word "Braille" in the passage means "_    " in Chinese． 　　A．盲文 　　B．口语 　　C．手语 2．The glove with an ultrasonic sensor          ． 　　A．can make only one kind of sound 　　B．can make the user feel small and quick movements 　　C．was designed by two American college students 3．Picture       shows how the glove with an ultrasonic sensor works according to the  passage． 　　A． 　　B． 　　C． 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the pass age? 　　A．The sounds from the ultrasonic sensor make the user know what the object is． 　　B．The two college students wanted to use 15,400 pounds to develop the glove． 　　C．The glove with shaking motors was invented for blind people． 5．What is the best title for this passage? 　　A．The Way to Make Gloves 　　B．Two Kinds of Special Gloves 　　C．An Ultrasonic Sensor and Shaking Motors 四、其他（共2小题） 25.根据短文内容判断正、误，(正确的"A",错误的"B") 　　Long ago, there was a queen who lived in a palace．She felt bored and said to her advisor(顾问), 　　"AIl the things around me are too boring．I need a different kind of beauty．Let everyone know that I  will hold a competition for the most beautiful thing in the world．And the prize will be this crown (王冠)．" 　　Several days later, lots of people came to the competition and showed their things．The queen was not satisfied with what she saw．The advisor suggested, "What you are looking for cannot be brought to you．You must look for it by yourself．What about a journey?" 　　The queen was interested in the idea, so she started immediately．As she was on top of the hill near her palace, she looked down and suddenly something cried in her heart．"Why have I never found my palace so beautiful?" 　　The queen spent one year travelling．She saw beauty on the farm, in the forest and even in the stars twin kling(闪烁)at night on her journey．But what was the most beautiful thing? She thought it over．Suddenly, she understood beauty was everywhere．She should learn to enjoy the world．She left the pieces of her crown at different places that she had seen．As time went by, the queen's crown got smaller and smaller until nothing was left． 　　She found the most beautiful thing at last．It was the world! 1．The queen wanted to hold a competition for the most beautiful thing in the world． 2．Lots of people came to the competition and brought the things that made the queen satisfied． 3．On top of the hill near her palace,  the queen suddenly found her palace so beautiful． 4．the queen saw beauty on the farm, in the river and even in the night sky on her journey, 5．The passage tells us that beauty is everywhere if we learn to enjoy the world． 26. 先阅读（A）、（B）、（C）三篇短文，然后根据题目要求及所给语境完成下列五项任务。 A 　　There are plenty of things we can do to help the people around us．For example,  if we find our friends in trouble, we can give them some  66   ; If our neighbor is busy  67    in the garden, let's give him a hand; If we see an old man on a  68  bus, we should ask him to take our seat．Actually, when we help others, we're helping  69  ．Helping others makes us feel happy because we know we are doing something right．Sometimes we can even make friends and get  70  experiences  by helping others． B 　　In English, the spelling of words does not always represent(代表)the sound．And some words seem to have too many letters．An American called Noah Webster wanted to do something for the development of English, so he began his work on it．His first book,  The Elementary(基础的)Spelling Book, suggested making the spelling of English words easy．The book was very popular．In fact, Webster is famous for his American Dictionary of the English Language．This dictionary came out in 1828 after it was completed．It introduced lots of new American words, with information about their pronunciation, use and the new spelling．Today,  Webster's dictionary is still widely used in English-speaking countries． C 　　If you want to have a wonderful vacation, you can visit Kingston(金斯顿)．It's a famous Canadian city on the bank of Lake Ontario (安大略湖)．It is about three hours'  trip by bus from Kingston to Toronto(多伦多)．There are some famous universities(大学)in Kingston．About 25,000 students study in these universities．Queen's University, founded in 1841, is more famous than any other university in Kingston．Kingston is one of the friendliest cities in the world and it welcomes tourists from all over the world．Wherever tourists go in this city, they will see a warm smile on the street or hear a happy "hello" in a public park．It's easy for them to feel at home． 任务1：阅读短文(A)，用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、连贯、合理。（每空一词，每词限用一次） 1．      2．       3．      4．       5．     任务2：阅读短文(B)．根据英文释义及首字母提示拼写单词。 6．c___    _to finish making or doing something 7．p_     _liked or enjoyed by a lot of people 任务3：阅读短文(B)，进行同义句转换，每空一词。 In fact, Webster is famous for his American Dictionary of the English Language． 8．____a9．____of fact,Webster is famous for his American Dictionary of the English Language． 任务4：根据短文(B)内容简答问题。 10．Where is Webster's dictionary still widely used today?                                                任务5：根据短文(C)内容完成表格，每空一词。 11．______ 12______ 13______  14______  15______ 五、信息匹配（共1小题） 27.从A-J 选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全对话。(选项中有两项是多余的) A: Hello, Li Jun ! How are you doing? B: Fine, thanks． A: I'm thinking about a trip to Beijing． 1    B: Yes, I can．What would you like to know about Beijing? A:   2  B:  Yes,  it is．It's very cool in autumn． A:Great．_ 3   In your opinion, which place of interest is the most popular in Beijing? B:    4    As the saying goes, "He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man．" A: Sounds good! I'll go there first．What else can I do in Beijing? B:   5 _ Shopping is always part of travelling． A: Good idea! It is said that Beijing Roast Duck(烤鸭)is very delicious．6   B: At Quanjude Restaurant．_  7  A: Great! I can't wait to go now．Thanks a lot． B:   8  六、完成句子（共1小题） 28.填入一个适当的词补全对话，每空一词。 A: Hello, is that Tom speaking? B: Hello, this is Tom． A: Have you made a plan for this weekend? B: Not yet．I'm     1     busy to think about it．What is your idea? A: What about playing basketball at the City Gym this Saturday? B: Good idea．When shall we meet? A: Let's _2  it 8: 00 a．m． B:All right．3     are we going to meet? A: At the bus stop near our school． B: How    4     does it take to go to the gym by bus? A: About half an hour． B: Why not go there by subway? The traffic may be very awful on Saturday morning． A: I can't agree with you     5    ．Then we can meet at the subway station． B: Do you know what the     6    will be like that day? A: The radio says it will be rainy． B:    7    better take umbrellas with us． A: OK．I think we'll have fun together．I'm looking forward to that．See you． B: See you． 七、书面表达（共1小题） 29. 假如你是林动，想邀请即将来你校进行为期三个月学习的英国笔友David到你家来住。根据以下提示，给他写一封电子邮件。 写作要点： 1．表达得知他要来你校学习之后你的喜悦之情。 2．介绍你家的情况。 (1)位置：在你的学校旁边，附近有公园。 (2)成员：爸爸（喜欢下象棋）、妈妈（擅长做中国食物）和你。 3．对他到来之后如何尽快适应(get used to)新的生活提出具体建议。 写作要求： 1．不得使用真实的姓名和学校名。 2，可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。 3．字迹工整、语言精练、表达准确、条理清晰。 4．至少80词。 Dear David．    How is everything going?                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               I hope to hear from you soon． Yours． Lin Dong 答案部分 1.考点：形容词 试题解析： The +比较级；The +比较级；越．．．就越．．． 答案：A    2.考点：冠词 试题解析： 句意：多么好的消息呀！news为不可数名词；故排除A．the是表示特指。 答案：C    3.考点：介词／介词短语 试题解析： on+星期/几月几号/具体的某一天； the evening of June 30th是一个具体的时间 答案：B    4.考点：动词／动词短语 试题解析： A．put away：放好；收起来 B．work out：解决 C．come up：走近；发生；开始；句意：政府已经尝试了很多方法来解决雾霾问题。 答案：B    5.考点：名词 试题解析： Tomato和potato的复数形式+es 答案：A    6.考点：连词／连接词 试题解析： Although与but在一个句中不能同时出现。句意：尽管哈尔滨的冬天很冷，但是这个城市仍然很吸引世界的游客。 答案：A    7.考点：情态动词 试题解析： shouldn't：不应该；must：必须；need：需要；句意：作为中学生，我们不应该害怕困难如果我们想要让我们的梦想成真的话。 答案：B    8.考点：动词／动词短语 试题解析： 根据reach+地名；arrive+in/at+地名; get to+地名;得知。 答案：A    9.考点：定语从句 试题解析： Which这个关系代词指代The attitude。在定语从句中做decided的宾语。 答案：C    10.考点：数词／量词 试题解析： 句意：这是我第四次这个月来到这个书店。Fourth：第四；（序数词） 答案：C    11.考点：句意理解 试题解析： 根据答语得知问的是如何改善英语。故选B． 答案：B    12.考点：主谓一致 试题解析： 动名词做主语谓语动词为单数。故选A． 答案：A    13.考点：一般将来时被动式 试题解析： 根据When the day comes得知前面一句用将来时。地铁2号线将会被完成。一般将来时被动：will+be+pp(动词的过去分词) 答案：B    14.考点：一般过去时 试题解析： 句中时间状语two weeks ago，该句用一般过去时。 答案：B    15.考点：句意理解 试题解析： A、B这种情形中适合中国文化。C项适合国外的文化。尤其是西方文化。 答案：C    16.考点：句意理解 试题解析： 根据③和⑤明显不适合生活常识。故选C． 答案：C    17.考点：句意理解 试题解析： 根据表格得知不喜欢水果的比例占了35%。那么65%的学生喜欢水果。学生共有1,000．得知。 答案：B    18.考点：音标 试题解析： land 和marry中的a发/ æ/。故选B． 答案：B    19.考点：音标 试题解析： 根据Truth: [tru:θ]得知选B． 答案：B    20.考点：音标 试题解析： 根据Magic: [ˈmædʒik]; Repair．: [riˈpɛə]; Against．: [əˈɡenst] 得知。 答案：C    21.考点：人生百味类 试题解析：1．focus on：集中于；cheer up：欢呼喝彩；fall off：减少；跌落；句意：让我们集中于下面的这些事情。 2．be full of:充满了；句意：我们的生活并不是总是充满快乐。 3．Failure is necessary to life, almost as necessary as the air we breathe．句意:失败在生活中很有必要。正如我们每天呼吸空气一样很有必要。 4．how to deal with:如何处理/解决；deal with：处理；解决 5．句意：对于我们来说和家人和朋友永远在一起是不可能的。Impossible：不可能 6．everyone：每人，人人；句意：巨虎每个人都会受伤。 7．根据or a loser．得知选B． 8．句意：在未来我将会拥有的东西依赖于我们今天做的。 9．is confident of sb：相信某人； 10．祈使句要以动词原形开头。故选C． 答案：1-5 CABCB    6-10 CBAAC    22.考点：教育类阅读 试题解析： 1．根据"What should I do?" Tom walked up and down in the room the day before the exam．得知。 2．因为考试令他很担忧，很紧张。故选C． 3．根据Tom was a college student．He often made excuses not to attend classes．得知。 4．根据The next morning, Tom went into the exam room very early．He found a young man who looked so confident and took a seat next to him．"Hey your" Tom greeted．"What?" The young man asked．得知。 5．根据Now I will hand out(分发)the papers to all of you and collect them in one hour．"得知选A． 答案：1．B2．C3．B4．A5．A    23.考点：广告布告类阅读 试题解析： 1．根据得知。 2．根据得知。 3．根据得知。 4．根据得知。 5．根据得知。 答案：1．C2．A3．B4．B5．C    24.考点：科普环保类阅读 试题解析： 1．根据which is a special system for the blind to read by touching．得知。 2．根据It can make the user feel small and quick movements．An ultrasonic sensor(超声波传感器)with a battery is put on the back of the glove．得知。 3．根据When the user wearing the glove is close to an object（物体）, ultrasonic waves( 超声波)from the glove are sent out  (发出)．As soon as they hit the object in front,  the waves will return to the glove．Then the waves cause the glove to shake．得知。 4．根据Last year, a special kind of glove came out．It was invented to help bind people得知。 5．这篇文章主要讲两种特殊手套。 答案：1．A2．B3．C4．C5．B    25.考点：判断正误 试题解析： 1．根据Let everyone know that I  will hold a competition for the most beautiful thing in the world．得知。 2．根据Several days later, lots of people came to the competition and showed their things．The queen was not satisfied with what she saw．得知。 3．根据As she was on top of the hill near her palace, she looked down and suddenly something cried in her heart．"Why have I never found my palace so beautiful?"得知。 4．根据She saw beauty on the farm, in the forest and even in the stars twin kling(闪烁)at night on her journey．得知。 5．根据She found the most beautiful thing at last．It was the world!得知。 答案：1．A2．B3．A4．B5．A    26.考点：阅读回答问题 试题解析：1．advice：建议 2．be busy doing sth:（固定搭配） 3．crowded：拥挤的 4．help ourselves:帮助我们自己 5．valuable：有价值的 6．根据finish making or doing something得知。 7．根据enjoyed by a lot of people得知。 8．as a matter of:事实上 9．as a matter of:事实上 10．根据Today,  Webster's dictionary is still widely used in English-speaking countries．得知。 11．根据It's a famous Canadian city on the bank of Lake Ontario (安大略湖)．得知。 12．根据It is about three hours'  trip by bus from Kingston to Toronto(多伦多)．得知。 13．根据About 25,000 students study in these universities．得知。 14．根据Queen's University, founded in 1841, is more famous than any other university in Kingston．得知。 15．根据It's easy for them to feel at home．得知。 答案：任务1：1．advice    2．working    3．crowded    4．ourselves    5．valuable任务2：6．complete  7．popular任务3：73．As    74．matter任务4：8—9．In English-speaking countries．（此题若无句号，扣分）任务5：11．Canada    12．hours' 13．thousand    14．most    15．home    27.考点：补全对话 试题解析： 1．根据Yes, I can．得知选H． 2．根据What would you like to know about Beijing?和Yes,  it is．得知选F． 3．根据In your opinion, which place of interest is the most popular in Beijing?得知选B． 4．根据"He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man．"得知选D． 5．根据What else can I do in Beijing?得知。 6．根据It is said that Beijing Roast Duck(烤鸭)is very delicious．得知选J 7．根据Great! I can't wait to go now．得知选I． 8．根据Thanks a lot．得知选A． 答案：1．H2．F3．B4．D5．C6．J7．I8．A    28.考点：补全对话 试题解析： 1．too．．．to:太．．．而不能 2．make it：（病痛等）好转；达到预定目标； 3．根据At the bus stop near our school．得知用where 4．how long :多长时间 5．no more :不在 6．weather：天气 7．had better+do:最好做某事 答案：1．too  2．make  3．Where  4．long  5．more  6．weather  7．We'd    29.考点：提纲作文 试题解析：这个邮件包含三方面的内容： 1．表达得知他要来你校学习之后你的喜悦之情。 2．介绍你家的情况。(1)位置：在你的学校旁边，附近有公园。(2)成员：爸爸（喜欢下象棋）、妈妈（擅长做中国食物）和你。 3．对他到来之后如何尽快适应(get used to)新的生活提出具体建议。内容一定要完整。 答案：