电脑主板的作用HDMI显示接口的优势

电脑主板的作用HDMI显示接口的优势 The function of computer mainboard and the advantage of HDMI display interface The motherboard, also called the main board (mainboard), system board (systembourd) and the motherboard (motherboard); it installed in the chassis, is one of the most basic and most important components. The motherboard is generally rectangular board, installed above the main circuit composed of a computer system, usually a BIOS chip, I/O control chip, a keyboard and a panel control switch interface, indicating lamp connectors, expansion slot, the motherboard and card DC power supply connectors and other components. Another feature of the motherboard is the open architecture. Most of the boards have 6-8 expansion slots, which are plugged into the control card (adapter) of the peripheral of the PC. By replacing these cards, local upgrades for the corresponding subsystems of the computer can be carried out, allowing manufacturers and users to have greater flexibility in configuring models. In short, the board plays a role again in the microcomputer system. It can be said that the type and grade of the main board determine the type and grade of the whole microcomputer system, and the performance of the main board affects the performance of the whole microcomputer system. The common PC machine boards are classified in the following ways The classification of motherboard: First, according to the CPU used on the motherboard, there are points: 386 motherboards, 486 motherboards, Pentium (Pentium, 586) motherboards, high energy Pentium (Pentium Pro, or 686) motherboards. The same level of CPU often have further divided, such as the Pentium motherboard, there is much support to the Pentium (P55C, MMX motherboard with built-in dual voltage), Cyrix 6x86, AMD 5k86 support (both Pentium class CPU requirements, heat dissipation board has better distinction). Two, according to the type of I/O bus on the motherboard ISA (Industry, Standard, Architecture) industry standard architecture bus EISA (Extension, Industry, Standard, Architecture) extends the standard architecture bus MCA (Micro Channel) micro channel bus. In addition, in order to solve the "bottleneck" problem of slow transmission between CPU and high-speed peripheral, there are two kinds of local buses, they are: VESA (Video Electronic Standards Association) video electronic standard association local bus, referred to as VL bus PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) peripheral components interconnect local bus, referred to as PCI bus. The main board of the 486 level adopts the VL bus, while the Pentium motherboard uses the PCI bus. At present, after PCI, more peripheral interface buses have been developed, they are: USB (Universal, Serial, Bus) universal serial bus. IEEE1394 (American Institute of electrical and electronic engineers 1394 standards) commonly known as Ware (Fire)". Three, logic control chip components These chipsets are integrated with CPU, CACHE, I/0 and bus control, and more than 586 of the motherboards attach particular importance to the chipset. Intel's chipsets for the 586 main board are: LX's early chipset for Pentium 60 and 66MHz CPU NX Neptune, which supports Pentium over 75 MHz, is popular before the launch of the Intel 430 FX chipset CPU, It's rare now. FX has the chipset in the 430 and 440 two series, the former for Pentium and the latter for Pentium Pro. HX Intel 430 series for commercial computers requiring high reliability. The VX Intel 430 series is optimized and streamlined for common multimedia applications based on HX. There is a tendency to be replaced by TX. The latest chipset of the TX Intel 430 series has been optimized for Pentium MMX technology. GX, KX Intel 450 series for Pentium, Pro, GX for server design, KX for workstations and high-performance desktop PC. MX Intel 430 series, a Pentium chip group dedicated to notebook computers, see the Intel 430 MX chipset. Non Intel chipsets include the VIA chipset, the VT82C5xx series, and the 586 chipset. ? SiS series SiS company produced, in the non Intel chip group known. ? Opti series Opti company produced, using fewer motherboards. Four, according to the main board structure ? AT standard size of the motherboard, IBM PC/A first name, and some 486 and 586 motherboards also use AT structure layout Baby AT, a small size motherboard, is smaller than the AT motherboard, hence its name. Many of the original machine integrated motherboards first use this motherboard structure ? ATX &127; the improved AT motherboard optimizes the component layout of the motherboard, has better heat dissipation and integration, and needs to be used in conjunction with the specialized ATX chassis (All in one) - integrated motherboard integrated sound, a variety of display circuit, in general no longer card can work with high degree of integration and space saving advantages, but there are also difficulties in maintenance and upgrading inconvenience. In the original brand machine used more NLX Intel latest board structure, the biggest feature is the motherboard, the CPU upgrade is flexible and convenient and effective, no longer need to each launch of a CPU must update the motherboard design in addition to some of the motherboard and deformation of the structure, such as the ASUS motherboard is using a large number of the main board structure of 3/4 Baby AT size. Five, according to function points ? PnP function with PnP BIOS motherboard, with PnP operating system (such as Win95), can help users automatically configure the host peripherals, to plug and play" Energy saving (green) features, usually in the boot when there is energy star (Energy Star) signs, users can not use the host automatically into the waiting and sleep state, during which time to reduce the power consumption of CPU and components Without jumper board, this is a new type of motherboard, which is a further improvement on PnP motherboard. In this motherboard, CPU type and work voltage without using jumper switch, automatic identification, only the software can be slightly adjusted. After Remark CPU in this board will have no place to hide. 486 before the general board without the above function, more than 586 of the main board are equipped with PnP and energy-saving function, part of the original brand machine but also through the host board to control the on-off of power supply, to achieve intelligent on / off, the compatible motherboard is still very rare sure, but is a development direction in the future. No jumper motherboard will be another direction of the motherboard development. Six, other main board classification method: According to the structural characteristics of the main board, classification can be divided into CPU based motherboards, adaptive circuit based motherboards, integrated motherboards and other types. The integrated motherboard based on CPU is the better choice at present. According to the process classification of printed circuit board, it can be divided into double deck structure board, four layer structural board, six layer structural board, etc. now, the product of the four layer structure board is mainly. According to component installation and welding process classification, there are surface mounting welding plate and DIP traditional process board. Memory generally refers to random access memory, referred to as RAM. The memory of the computer we refer to is referred to as dynamic memory, or DRAM. In addition, there are various uses of memory, such as the use of VRAM card display, storage system settings information CMOS, RAM and so on. Dynamic memory in the so-called "dynamic" refers to when we write data to DRAM, after a period of time, the data will be lost, so we need a memory refresh (Memory Refresh) operation, it will be added to a circuit design. We can understand that a DRAM storage cell is 0 or 1, depending on whether the capacitor is charged, the charge is 1, and the charge free is 0. But for a long time, representing the 1 capacitor will discharge the capacitor will charge 0 absorption, which is why the loss of data; the refresh operation on a regular basis to check if the capacitor, power is greater than the full power of 1/2, said on behalf of the 1, and the capacitor charged; if the electricity is less than 1/2, is thought to represent 0, and the capacitor discharge, in order to maintain the continuity of data. With refresh operations, dynamic memory access is much slower than static memory. Memory data transmission is very large, it is inevitable to make mistakes, and at higher requirements, you need to check errors and correct the error function. Experience the advantages of HDMI display interfaces With the popularization of the digital process, digital products we can enjoy more and more rich, but in the enjoyment of these digital products bring happiness to us at the same time, also put forward higher requirements for video and audio, digital high-definition video and audio system and so on 7.1 products have gradually come to us. At the same time, a revolutionary new standard is accompanied by the birth of these new equipment. Here's a new standard, HDMI. I. growth of digital TV equipment With the continuous growth of China's digital industry and the expectation of high-definition TV users, digital TV sales have increased rapidly, and also led to the rapid growth of family digital peripheral devices. When consumers buy new digital television equipment, may buy other digital devices, such as digital cameras, DVD recorders and so on, are used to transfer or preservation of digital content quality. How to ensure the interaction between digital TV and home theater equipment and enable people to enjoy a better quality of digital life is a major issue in the development of digital tv. In recent audio-visual equipment, many have HDMI interface, it has become a new generation of high-definition television essential interface. Two 、 features of high definition multimedia interface HDMI is based on DVI technology, which can be seen as a strengthening and extension of DVI technology, compatible with both. HDMI enables the transmission of compressed, high resolution video and multichannel audio data in digital form, in the case of high quality. HDMI can meet the 1080p resolution, and support all of the HDTV standard, DVD Audio also supports the most advanced digital audio formats, support multi channel 96kHz or stereo 192kHz digital audio transmission, and only one HDMI cable, can be used to dispense digital audio wiring. Additional expansion space at the same time have the HDMI standard, which allows audio or video applications in the days after the upgrade format. Compared to the DVI, the HDMI interface is smaller in size and supports simultaneous transmission of audio and video signals. However, the length of each DVI cable can not exceed 8 meters, otherwise it will affect the quality of the display screen, and HDMI basically has no limit to the length of the cable. Using a HDMI cable can completely replace the 13 analog transmission lines, and can solve the problem of tangled and tangled connections in the home entertainment system. HDMI can match broadband digital content to protect (High-bandwidth, Digital, Content, Protection, HDCP), to prevent unauthorized copies of copyright video content. Also because of this protective mechanism, Hollywood is very optimistic about this technology. HDMI's specifications include two types of connectors for consumer electronics and PC, so that HDMI will soon be widely adopted by the PC industry. The digital audio / video interface, HDMI, will replace the current DVI interface and become the next generation of digital interface standards. The design of the HDMI on the pin is compatible with the DVI, but only in different packages. Compared with the DVD, it has increased support for HDCP and can transmit digital audio signals, and also provides better DDC optional functions. HDMI interface can support up to 5Gbps transmission rate, can fully cope with a 1080p video and a 8 channel audio signal. It can be transmitted to 15 meters at the farthest, and the data needed for 1080p video and 8 channel audio signals is less than 4GB/s, and HDMI can be easily completed, and there will be a lot of space left. This allows it to connect DVD players, receivers, and PRR with one cable. HDMI is an electronic product interface standard uncompressed, it can put the high definition video signal and multi-channel audio signals into a single cable digital TV, so that appliance manufacturers design can be compatible with the digital device of the future in the next few years, and increase the support needed to digital content format. Three, the future of high-definition display interface The use of the HDMI standard is vast enough to successfully address many of the problems that have plagued the consumer electronics industry. The HDMI standard is the use of TMDS technology, the video transmission bandwidth to thousands of megabits per second, HDCP content protection technology and has a Intel, the consumer electronics industry chain in each member, the HDMI standard provides the ideal solution for it, the result is the cable and connector assembly trim, And in the eyes of ordinary consumers will also feel ease of use. On the other hand, in accordance with the DVD copy control association (CCA) regulations, only the DVD configured with DVI-HDCP or HDMI-HDCP output terminals can play the CSS protection content, and the picture quality is higher than 480p/576p. In addition, Cable Labs specifies in its Open Cable program that all high-definition digital TV boxes (HD-STBs) must have two output terminals mentioned above. And the FCC in the United States also has the relevant regulations: after July 2005 all digital cable TV sold must have these two input terminals. In January 19, 2005, on behalf of the European information communication technology and consumer electronics industry organization EICTA announced in Brussels: any display transmission equipment only through HDMI or DVI interface to receive high resolution digital content, and the HDMI or DVI input terminals must support the HDCP to "HD Ready" logo stickers. It is with these provisions that HDMI's position in the market is further consolidated. In 2003, HDMI consumer electronics sold only 250 thousand units, but in 2004 it grew to about 6000000 units this year. According to professional agencies, by the end of 2005, there will be more than 15 million digital TV sets with HDMI capabilities worldwide. Market analysts have seen a change in the number of such changes that suggest that the trend towards HDMI will continue to grow rapidly and that sales of HDMI products required in 2007 are expected to increase to 125 million units. The HDMI interface on a digital device With the efforts of governments to promote high-definition television, high-definition DVD, digital TV and digital content industry, digital video industry has gradually become a new growth momentum in the global it industry. As an important bridge between display equipment and video and audio equipment, HDMI interface will replace DVI interface to become the standard of new generation digital video and audio equipment. With the increasing popularity of high-tech digital equipments, more digital device has entered into thousands of households, one is about how to better the relevance of these devices, so that they can better play its own advantages. The technology above we introduce, fundamentally solve the problem of data transmission between devices, which is also an important problem hindering equipment potential, to solve this problem, technically breaking the transmission bottleneck, each connected digital equipment better, so as to bring a new experience to the user's visual and auditory