确认遗嘱效力、确认财产所有权及返还财产案

确认遗嘱效力、确认财产所有权及返还财产案 黄金波 案 情 原告杨定秀于1941年与望作印(男，生于1920年1月12日)“拿了八字”，结为夫妻。1947年5月，望作印被国民党抓壮丁当兵。1949年，望作印随国民党残余部队去了台湾。1955年，杨定秀与李德寿在人民政府登记结婚。婚后，于1956年11月生一女儿李红，1992年4月15日，李德寿因病去世。望作印去台后一直未再婚，居住在台湾省台南县宫田乡隆本村2邻隆田273号。1989年望作印第一次回大陆探亲，在宜昌县台湾事务办公室帮助下，与侄儿望西柱、侄女望西梅团聚，1993年望作印回乡省亲，原告杨定秀与望作印取得了联系。1996年望作印申请定居，定居后的赡养担保人为望西柱。1996年5月28日，中共湖北省委台湾工作办公室以鄂台办居字(1996)047号文件批复，同意望作印回大陆定居，其定居后的住房及一切生活费用自理，定居在乐天溪镇腰棚子村，原告杨定秀与望作印及侄儿望西柱一家在新建房屋共同居住。1999年2月9日，望作印立代遗嘱一份，主要内容:1、1993年我赠与杨定秀3000元美金及利息归杨定秀所有，现存入宜昌市商业银行三峡支行存款5万元留我和她治病之用、生活开支。我的百年之事预存2万元在乐天溪信用社。2、我存宜昌县建设银行2万元美金，已是开的望西柱的儿子望开发的名字，投资建造的现住房屋一栋3层310平方米，现身边我使用的生活用具将来归望西柱所有。由乐天溪镇法律服务所望西文代笔和见证。望作印于1999年5月12日死亡。 另查明，1、望作印于1997年7月11日将2万美元交被告望西柱，以望开发的户名存入宜昌县建行，定期2年存单在望作印处。到期后，望开发在银行挂失存单后，已支取。2、1998年7月15日，望作印存入宜昌市商业银行三峡支行人民币5万元定期储蓄1年。3、1997年以望作印名义存入乐天溪信用社活期存折2万元，此款杨定秀在望作印去世之前已经支取。4、1994development in order to protect a host of attractions and historical sites, as well as to maintain the economic vitality of the downtown area. Figure 5.1-5 figure 5.1.4 Washington mass transit network to support implementation of effective transport demand management policies to reduce urban traffic congestion and public transport priority was in the early 1960 of the 20th century by the planners first proposed in Paris, France, and in Europe and other major cities to operate has been the formation of the rich content system. Public transport priority consists of two aspects: one is on the bus to help. ... 5.1-7 Park and ride systems 5.1.5 typical case Hong Kong-Japan Sapporo, Sapporo is a Japan Hokkaido central parts of cities, Japan's fifth largest city. Area of 1121km2 in the city, a population of 1.921 million. In addition is the administrative center of Hokkaido, Sapporo is Hokkaido's industrial and commercial center, in 1972, hosted the 11th Winter Olympic Games. 3 JR Sapporo rail transit line 3 metro and 3 tram lines, Sapporo in the urban development process combined with Center of construction of subway construction and residential development, and support the development of the region. Prior to 1971, Sapporo, Japan Hokkaido local Centre in the urban development process, in response to the rapid growth of the city centre traffic demand, building trams. 1981 years ago for holding the winter Olympic Games as an opportunity to start building connected to the venue and the city centre 年9月，由望作印投资兴建，以其子望开森名义办理了建房许可证和相关手续，望西柱具体负责施工。在乐天溪镇腰棚子村八组兴建了砖混三层建筑面积342平方米房屋一栋，1995年8月竣工。望作印回大陆定居在此房屋居住，与原、被告共同生活。5、原告个人财产容声165F冰箱一台、金松241S洗衣机一台、福日2176彩电一台、长城落地扇一台、另外还有床一张、桌子一张、组合柜一套、沙发一套、五屉柜一口、寿衣一套、棺木一口。原告杨定秀于1999年7月12日向本院起诉，要求:一、确认望作印所立遗嘱不能成立;二、确认存入宜昌市商业银行三峡支行人民币5万元所有权属原告，确认在银行挂失2万美元属原告并要求被告返还;三、由被告返还属原告所有房屋、家具、家用电器及日用品。 以上事实，有遗嘱一份，存单二张、莲沱派出所证明一份、发票三张、建房许可证、省台办文件、台湾同胞定居证及当事人当庭陈述，足以认定。 审 判 宜昌县法院一审认定:原告杨定秀与望作印虽在1941年结为夫妻，但望作印去台后，杨定秀与他人再婚且生育子女，望作印于1997年回大陆定居虽与杨定秀共同生活，双方自愿恢复婚姻关系，应重新办理结婚登记，现二人婚姻关系无效，不受法律保护。望作印1999年2月9日所立代书遗嘱没有两名以的见证人，违反法定程序所立遗嘱应视为未成立，但遗嘱中望作印对有关财产已提前实际进行了处分，是望作印对个人财产的处分权，是有效的。存入宜昌市商业银行三峡支行5万元人民币因原告与望作印没有法律上的婚姻关系，原告请求确认归其所有不能成立。存入宜昌县建设银行2万美元，系望作印生前交被告存入银行，且为望开发之名，视为望作印对该财产已作处分，且原告与望作印无法律上婚姻关系，其主张确认归其所有并返还2万美元本院不予支持。原告主张返还房屋，此房屋系望作印生前投资以望开森名义办证，应视为对财产处分。原告与望作印又无法律上婚姻关系，原告此项主张本院亦不予支持。原告主张被告返还家用电器及家具等，因原告对其主张提供相应证据属个人所有，故要求被告返还development in order to protect a host of attractions and historical sites, as well as to maintain the economic vitality of the downtown area. Figure 5.1-5 figure 5.1.4 Washington mass transit network to support implementation of effective transport demand management policies to reduce urban traffic congestion and public transport priority was in the early 1960 of the 20th century by the planners first proposed in Paris, France, and in Europe and other major cities to operate has been the formation of the rich content system. Public transport priority consists of two aspects: one is on the bus to help. ... 5.1-7 Park and ride systems 5.1.5 typical case Hong Kong-Japan Sapporo, Sapporo is a Japan Hokkaido central parts of cities, Japan's fifth largest city. Area of 1121km2 in the city, a population of 1.921 million. In addition is the administrative center of Hokkaido, Sapporo is Hokkaido's industrial and commercial center, in 1972, hosted the 11th Winter Olympic Games. 3 JR Sapporo rail transit line 3 metro and 3 tram lines, Sapporo in the urban development process combined with Center of construction of subway construction and residential development, and support the development of the region. Prior to 1971, Sapporo, Japan Hokkaido local Centre in the urban development process, in response to the rapid growth of the city centre traffic demand, building trams. 1981 years ago for holding the winter Olympic Games as an opportunity to start building connected to the venue and the city centre 请求成立。被告反诉要求原告返还2万元人民币，因2万元人民币是望作印生前原告就已支取，应视望作印对个人财产已经处分，故被告反诉本院不予支持。根据《中华人民共和国民法通则》第一百一十七条第一款、第七十一条、《中华人民共和国婚姻法》第七条及民政部、司法部《关于去台人员与其留在大陆的配偶之间婚姻关系问题处理意见的通知》第四项之规定，判决如下: 一、驳回原告杨定秀要求确认被告在宜昌县建设银行挂失的美元2万元、望作印存入宜昌市商业银行三峡支行人民币5万元的所有权归己所有并要求被告返还2万美元的诉讼请求。 二、驳回原告杨定秀要求返还座落在宜昌县乐天溪镇腰棚子村的砖混结构3层房屋一栋的诉讼请求。 三、由被告望西柱在判决书生效一个月内返还属原告所有的容声165F冰箱一台、金松241S洗衣机一台、福日2176彩电一台、长城落地扇一台、床一张、桌子一张、组合柜一套、沙发一套、五屉柜一口、寿衣一套、棺木一口。 四、驳回反诉原告望西柱要求杨定秀返还人民币2万元的诉讼请求。 一审判决后，杨定秀不服提起上诉称:1、原审法院适用简易程序审理本案不当;2、上诉人与望作印婚姻关系成立;3、望作印所立遗嘱合法有效。请求本院撤销原判，将5万元人民币判归上诉人所有。 被上诉人望西柱、望开发答辩称:一审法院审判程序合法，杨定秀与望作印的婚姻关系不成立，一审认定望作印所立代书遗嘱无效的判决是实事求是的。 宜昌市中级人民法院二审认为，本案事实清楚、权利义务关系明确，原审法院依照相关法律规定适用简易程序审理并无不当。杨定秀虽然曾于1941年与望作印结为夫妻，但望作印去台development in order to protect a host of attractions and historical sites, as well as to maintain the economic vitality of the downtown area. Figure 5.1-5 figure 5.1.4 Washington mass transit network to support implementation of effective transport demand management policies to reduce urban traffic congestion and public transport priority was in the early 1960 of the 20th century by the planners first proposed in Paris, France, and in Europe and other major cities to operate has been the formation of the rich content system. Public transport priority consists of two aspects: one is on the bus to help. ... 5.1-7 Park and ride systems 5.1.5 typical case Hong Kong-Japan Sapporo, Sapporo is a Japan Hokkaido central parts of cities, Japan's fifth largest city. Area of 1121km2 in the city, a population of 1.921 million. In addition is the administrative center of Hokkaido, Sapporo is Hokkaido's industrial and commercial center, in 1972, hosted the 11th Winter Olympic Games. 3 JR Sapporo rail transit line 3 metro and 3 tram lines, Sapporo in the urban development process combined with Center of construction of subway construction and residential development, and support the development of the region. Prior to 1971, Sapporo, Japan Hokkaido local Centre in the urban development process, in response to the rapid growth of the city centre traffic demand, building trams. 1981 years ago for holding the winter Olympic Games as an opportunity to start building connected to the venue and the city centre 湾后杨定秀又与他人结婚并生育子女，杨定秀与望作印的婚姻关系已不存在。望作印在回大陆定居后虽与杨定秀共同生活，但若双方要恢复婚姻关系，则必须依照民政部、司法部《关于去台人员与其留在大陆的配偶之间婚姻关系问题处理意见的通知》第4条之规定，重新办理婚姻登记;而杨定秀并未与望作印重新办理婚姻登记手续，因此二人婚姻关系并未依法恢复。望作印请人所立代书遗嘱因无两名以上利害关系人的证明，缺乏法定的形式要件，该遗嘱无效。据此，原判认定事实清楚，证据充分，上诉人上诉理由不成立。依照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第一百五十三条第一款第(一)项之规定，判决如下: 驳回上诉，维持原判。 评 析 此案是一起涉台婚姻的民事案件。根据1988年4月16日民政部、司法部印发的《关于去台人员与其留在大陆的配偶之间婚姻关系问题处理意见的通知》，去台人员与其留在大陆的配偶之间的婚姻关系情况比较复杂。发生这类婚姻纠纷当事人要求人民政府解决时，要根据《中华人民共和国婚姻法》规定的原则，结合实际情况，按照该通知酌情调解解决或依法处理。该《通知》第四条规定，双方分离后，一方或双方再婚后的配偶已离异或死亡，现双方自愿恢复婚姻关系的，应重新办理结婚登记。1988年8月5日，最高人民法院印发的《处理涉台刑事申诉、民事案件座谈会纪要》通知中指出，审理涉及去台人员和台胞人身和财产关系的民事案件，应注意掌握有关政策、法律原则。关于婚姻问题，因双方分居大陆、台湾所产生的婚姻纠纷，人民法院应考虑海峡两岸人民长期分离的实际情况，从有利于稳定婚姻家庭关系的现状;根据我国婚姻法一夫一妻制的基本原则进行处理。 此案争议的主要问题是杨定秀与望作印的婚姻关系是否依法恢复。从案件事实分析，望作印去台湾前与杨定秀结为夫妻，望去台湾后50年一直未再婚，而杨与在大陆的李德寿结为夫妻，后李病逝。望回大陆后虽与杨共同生活2年多，但双方未按我国婚姻法的规定依法恢复婚姻关development in order to protect a host of attractions and historical sites, as well as to maintain the economic vitality of the downtown area. Figure 5.1-5 figure 5.1.4 Washington mass transit network to support implementation of effective transport demand management policies to reduce urban traffic congestion and public transport priority was in the early 1960 of the 20th century by the planners first proposed in Paris, France, and in Europe and other major cities to operate has been the formation of the rich content system. Public transport priority consists of two aspects: one is on the bus to help. ... 5.1-7 Park and ride systems 5.1.5 typical case Hong Kong-Japan Sapporo, Sapporo is a Japan Hokkaido central parts of cities, Japan's fifth largest city. Area of 1121km2 in the city, a population of 1.921 million. In addition is the administrative center of Hokkaido, Sapporo is Hokkaido's industrial and commercial center, in 1972, hosted the 11th Winter Olympic Games. 3 JR Sapporo rail transit line 3 metro and 3 tram lines, Sapporo in the urban development process combined with Center of construction of subway construction and residential development, and support the development of the region. Prior to 1971, Sapporo, Japan Hokkaido local Centre in the urban development process, in response to the rapid growth of the city centre traffic demand, building trams. 1981 years ago for holding the winter Olympic Games as an opportunity to start building connected to the venue and the city centre 系，因此，望与杨的婚姻关系实不存在。此案一、二审法院根据以上规定对杨与望的婚姻关系 以及对望所立代书的遗嘱，所作的认定和处理结论是正确合法的，充分体现了既充分考虑台胞 的切身实际利益，又严格依照我国法律的规定正确处理涉台婚姻民事案件，对这类案件的正确 依法处理将更进一步加强保障和有力促进大陆与台湾两岸人民的交流来往，早日实现祖国和平 统一大业具有现实和深远的意义。 development in order to protect a host of attractions and historical sites, as well as to maintain the economic vitality of the downtown area. Figure 5.1-5 figure 5.1.4 Washington mass transit network to support implementation of effective transport demand management policies to reduce urban traffic congestion and public transport priority was in the early 1960 of the 20th century by the planners first proposed in Paris, France, and in Europe and other major cities to operate has been the formation of the rich content system. Public transport priority consists of two aspects: one is on the bus to help. ... 5.1-7 Park and ride systems 5.1.5 typical case Hong Kong-Japan Sapporo, Sapporo is a Japan Hokkaido central parts of cities, Japan's fifth largest city. Area of 1121km2 in the city, a population of 1.921 million. In addition is the administrative center of Hokkaido, Sapporo is Hokkaido's industrial and commercial center, in 1972, hosted the 11th Winter Olympic Games. 3 JR Sapporo rail transit line 3 metro and 3 tram lines, Sapporo in the urban development process combined with Center of construction of subway construction and residential development, and support the development of the region. Prior to 1971, Sapporo, Japan Hokkaido local Centre in the urban development process, in response to the rapid growth of the city centre traffic demand, building trams. 1981 years ago for holding the winter Olympic Games as an opportunity to start building connected to the venue and the city centre