时间状语从句

时间状语从句 时间状语从句讲解 一(时间状语从句的引导词:as, after ,before, while, once(一旦…… 就)since, till, until, when, as long as(只要), now that(既然), 一……就…. as soon as, hardly....when..., scarcely....when..., no sooner ... than... 二( as, while, when, ?主句示的是短暂动作,从句说的是 一段时间,这时三者都可以使用. 1. I entered the room when/ while/as they were talking. 2. They were talking when/ as I entered the room. ?as 和when 可以和非延续性动词连 用.而while则不能. 1. They set out when/ as the snow stopped. 2.He found his ticket missing as/when the ferry(渡船) arrived. ?when可以表示 :正在那时, 突 然: 而while/as则不能( 1.We were flying kites when it began to rain. 2.He was taking a walk when he heard the beautiful music. ?when, while后接形容词，_ing, 和过 去分词，as后接名词，引导不完整的时 间状语从句(这时主从句中的主语要一 致() 1.Come to help us when/while (it is) possible. 2. When/While (you are ) crossing the street ,be careful. 3.When/While (you are )tired, have a rest . 4 When (I am) invited, I will go to the party. 5. As a boy ,he lived in the country. =When/As he was a boy, he lived in the country. ? as 强调:同一时间，一先一后:还 有:随着:的意思( time goes on, he knows its 1. As importance. 三. till/ until 当前面的动词是瞬间动词 用not…until, 是延续性动词用until. till=until 1.Don’t open the door until the bus stops .(not… until直到……才, 在……之前不) 2.I won’t leave/ go until he comes back. 3.I will wait until he comes back. 4.They will live in this flat until the new one is ready. 5.I didn’t manage to do it until you had shown me how. 6.The boy didn’t go to bed till 10:00. 7.Go on until you reach the end. 4. 主句一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来( 1. I will call you as soon as I arrive at the hotel tonight. I may call you as soon as I arrive at the hotel tonight. Let me call you as soon as I arrive at the hotel tonight. 2.They will go hiking when it doesn’t rain tomorrow. = They will not go hiking when it rains tomorrow. 3.Please tell us the result when you come here. 4.We can finish the work when time permits. 5.He will send me an e-mail as soon as he gets home. 6.I can see you off when you leave today. 1.when, while, as, after, before, as soon as, since, till /until, by the time 在时间状语从句中，要注意 时态一致。一般情况下主句是将来时 的时候，从句要用一般现在时。 1. When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him. (延续性的动词) 2.We were about to leave when/as he came in. 3. When I had read the article, he called me. ( 从句动作发生在主句 之前，注意时态表达，只能用 when ) 4. When I got to the cinema, the film had begun. (从句的动作发生在主 句之后，只能用when,并要注意时 态) 5. He was about to leave, when the telephone rang. 其实还可以是“尽管”、“虽然”、“既然”、“本该...却..."(对比)、“如果”、 “考虑到”的意思。 6.He walks when he might take a taxi. (尽管他可以坐出租车，但他却走路。) 7. He stopped trying when he might have succeeded next time. 尽管 他本来下次就可以成功的了，但他 却停止努力了。 1.He was about to tell me the secret _________ someone patted him on the shoulder. A. as B. until C. when D. while : C。 2. I was about to go out ______ the telephone rang. A. when B. suddenly C. as soon as D. directly 分析:答案 A。 3. We were swimming in the lake ______ the storm started. A. when B. suddenly C. until D. before 分析:答案 A。 4. She was walking down the road _____ she heard someone shouting for help. A. when B. suddenly C. until D. before 分析:答案 A。 While引导的从句的谓语动作必 须是延续性的，用于时间较长时;并 强调主句和从句的动作同时发生(或 者相对比 译为„而?)。 1. While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. (was reading是延续性的动词， was reading和was watching同时 发生) 2. I like playing football while you like playing basketball.(对比) 3. Would you buy me some stamps while you are in the post office? 4. While locked up in prison, she wrote her first novel. 5. While Mary was writing a letter, the children were playing outside. As表示“一边……一边”，as引导 的动作是延续性的动作,一般用于强 调主句和从句发生;as也可动作同时 以强调“一先一后”、表示对比时，用 于发生时间较短时: 1.We should take notes as / when/ while we have classes. 2. We always sing as we walk. (as表示“一边……一边”) 3. As we were going out, it began to snow.(as强调句中两个动作紧接 着先后发生，而不强调开始下雪 的.) 4. It was raining hard when (as) I got there. 4. Mother was worried as (when/ while) father was away. 5.While the alien was buying a souvenir, the girl called the police. (表示主句，从句的动作同时发生) 6. She thought I was talking about her daughter, while, in fact, I was talking about my daughter. (表转 折，对比，when, as都不能代替它) 2.由before和after引导的时间状语 从句。 1.He got the letter before he got to the office. (连词) = He got the letter before getting to the office. (介词) 2. Think before you leap.(然后) 三思而后行。 3.He had gone out of the door before I could say a single word of it.(还没) 4. Eat it before the food gets cold.(趁着) 5. After you think it over, you can ask us to discuss it with others . = After thinking it over, you can ask us to discuss it with others . 6. After we had finished the work, we went home.(从句用过去完成 时，主句用一般过去时) 4.由since引导的时间状语从句。 一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般 过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完 成时。但在It is ，时间，since从句 的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。 ?.I have been in Beijing for 3 years. = I have been in Beijing since 3 years ago. = It is (It has been ) 3 years since I came to Beijing . ?. The train left the station 5 minutes ago . = The train has been away from the station since 5 minutes ago . = The train has been away from the station for 5 minutes . = It is 5 minutes since the train left the station . 5. the moment, as soon as, hardly....when..., scarcely....when..., no sooner ... than...(一……就….) 等引导时间状语从句。这些连词都表 示“一……就”。例如: ?I will go there as soon as I finish my breakfast. ?The moment I heard the news, I couldn’t help crying . 【注意】hardly(scarcely, rarely)…when / no sooner…than相 当于as soon as之意。主句用过去完 成时，从句用一般过去时。当hardly, scarcely, rarely和no sooner位于 。例如: 句首时，主句应用倒装语序 ? He had no sooner arrived at home than he turned off the computer . (他一到家就关掉了电脑。) == No sooner had he arrived at home than he turned off the computer . ==He turned off the computer as soon as he arrived at home . ?The bus started as soon as I got to the bus stop. ==Hardly had I got to the bus stop when the bus started. ==No sooner had I got to the bus stop than the bus started. 6.由by the time引导的时间状语从 句。 在一般情况下，如果从句的谓语动 词用一般过去时，主句的谓语动词用 过去完成时;如果主句的谓语动词用 一般现在时，主句的谓语动词用将来 完成时或将来进行时。例如: ?By the time you came back, I had finished this book. ?By the time you come here tomorrow, I will have finished this work. 7.由whenever =no matter when(无论何时), every time(每 次，每当)引导的时间状语从句。例 如: ?Every time he came to Harbin, he would call on me. ?Whenever that man says “To tell the truth”, I think that he's about to tell a lie. ?Whenever I meet him , he is always busy. Once 的用法 ? Once one is one . 1乘1等于1。 (1乘) ? How many times have you been there? Only once . (一次) ? Once you come to this wonderful village, you will fall in love with it . (一旦) 在下列各句填入适当的连词: 1. _____ he comes tomorrow, I shall ask where he has been. 2. _____ he was speaking, everybody listened carefully. 3. I saw her just _____ she was getting off the train. 4. Have a good look at that man ______ you pass him. 5. It was already eight o'clock ______we got there. 6. I was about to go out _____ a visitor came. 7. We'll go to the country at the beginning of June, _____ the summer harvest will start. 8. He learned to speak German ______he was in Berlin. 9. Henry is in charge of (负责)the office _____ Mr. Smith is away. 10. I listen to the recorder _____ I have time. 11. He had learned Chinese ______ he came to China. 12. ______ the work was over, we sat down to discuss the special experience. 13. I haven't seen him _____ he moved to the other side of the town. 14. I waited _____ he came back. 15. It was not _____ he took off his glasses that I recognized(认出) him. 16. She likes everything to be in place _____ she starts to work. 17. The thieves ran away _____ they caught sight of (看见)the police. 18. They decided to go back home _______ their money ran out. 19. We played outside till sunset(日 落), ______ it began to rain. Keys: 1. 1. When/As/ As soon as /If he comes tomorrow, I shall ask where he has been. 2. While / When/ As he was speaking, everybody listened carefully. 3. I saw her just as/ while she was getting off the train. 4. Have a good look at that man when/as you pass him. 5. It was already eight o'clock when we got there. 6. I was about to go out when a visitor came. 7. We'll go to the country at the beginning of June, when the summer harvest(收获) will start. 8. He learned to speak German (德 语) while he was in Berlin. 9. Henry is in charge of the office while Mr. Smith is away. 10. I listen to the recorder whenever I have time. 11. He had learned Chinese before he came to China. 12. After the work was done, we sat down to sum up experience. 13. I haven't seen him since he moved to the other side of the town. 14. I waited till/until he came back. 15. It was not until he took off his eyeglasses that I recognized him. 16. She likes everything to be in place before she starts to work. 17. The thieves ran away as soon as they caught sight of the police. 18. They decided to go back home before their money ran out. 19. We played outside till sunset, when it began to rain. 2.You can use it as long as you aren’t careless with it.