NO2[1].3

1 The ---- success of any government depends on its ability to ---- both foreign and domestic policies. A political.. implement B military.. distribute C social.. complete D essential.. violate E diplomatic.. subsidize 2 Although Ms. Brown found some of her duties to be ----, her supervision of forty workers was a considerable responsibility . A ambiguous B provisional C menial D unique E mediocre 3 Since the process of atherosclerosis cannot be ----- in humans, the best treatment known at this time is ---- of the disease. A reversed.. prevention B discovered.. remission C defined.. explanation D alleviated.. detection E precipitated.. containment 4 Postmodern architecture is not concerned with the easy goal of returning to the past but with the more ---- and difficult aim of ---- historical forms into a new and complex whole. A important.. changing B subtle.. integrating C intellectual.. updating D rewarding .. dramatizing E ornamental.. compressing 5 In pollen dating, geologic happenings are dated in terms of each other, and one can get just so far by matching ---- sequences; but in radiocarbon dating the scale of time is measured in ---- terms of centuries or years. A random.. selective B irrelevant.. usable C vague.. relative D independent.. absolute E imaginary.. calculable 6 Many welfare reformers would substitute a single, federally financed income support system for the existing ---- of overlapping programs. A paucity B core C functionalism D participation E welter 7 Because the report contained much more information than the reviewers needed to see, the author was asked to submit a ---- instead. A compendium B soliloquy C treatise D prerequisite E critique 8 GLUE: SEAL:: A letter: write B water: dry C boat: row D manure: fertilize E compose: decay 9 FICKLE: CONSTANCY:: A naive: sophistication B optimistic: cheerfulness C sedate: creativity D reticent: protection E compassionate: agreement 10 BOW: VIOLIN:: A mute: trumpet B cello: viola C stick: drum D amplifier: guitar E baton: conductor 11 INEXPERIENCE: NEOPHYTE:: A grace: dancer B dexterity: surgeon C snobbishness: sycophant D irresponsibility: wastrel E indolence: spendthrift 12 WOOD: SAWDUST:: A candle: wax B motor: exhaust C smoke: ashes D soil: mulch E metal: flings 13 CARAPACE: TURTLE:: A claw: crab B hull: seed C tread: tank D fin: fish E tail: mammal 14 HUNTER: QUARRY:: A proselytizer: convert B anarchist: authority C master: expertise D knight: tournament E teacher: knowledge 15 SOPHISM: REASONING:: A mask: disguise B poison: antidote C counterfeit: money D confection: spice E anagram: proverb 16 APOSTASY: FAITH:: A benediction: piety B recantation: heresy C ordination: doubt D judgment: pardon E contrition: penance It is well known that biological 　　changes at the molecular level have 　　morphogenetic consequences, 　　consequences affecting the formation (5) and differentiation of tissues and 　　organs. It is superfluous to point out 　　that gene mutations and disturbance 　　of the biosynthetic processes in the 　　embryo may result in abnormalities in (10) the morphology (structure) of an 　　organism. However, whereas much is 　　known about causes and consequences 　　at the molecular level, and in spite of 　　an enormous accumulation of chemical (15) and morphological data on embryos of 　　various kinds, out understanding of 　　how genes control morphogenesis is 　　still far from complete. Perhaps one 　　reason for this is that molecular (20) biologists and morphologists speak 　　different languages. Whereas the 　　former speak about messenger-RNA 　　and conformational changes of 　　protein molecules, the latter speak of (25) ectoderms, hypoblasts, and neural 　　crests. 　　　One solution to this predicament 　　is to try to find some phenomena 　　relevant to morphogenesis which (30) both the molecular biologist and 　　the morphologist can understand and 　　discuss. As morphogenesis must be 　　basically the result of changes in 　　behavior of the individual cells, it (35) seems logical to ask morphologists 　　to describe the morphogenetic events 　　observed in terms of changes in 　　cellular contact, changes in the rate 　　of proliferation of cells, or similar (40) phenomena. Once this is done, it may 　　be appropriate to ask questions about 　　the molecular background for these 　　changes. One may, for instance, ask 　　whether variations in cell contact (45) reflect alterations in the populations 　　of molecules at the cell surface, or 　　one may inquire about the molecular 　　basis for the increased cell mobility 　　involved in cell dispersion. (50) 　Studies of this kind have been 　　carried out with cells released from 　　tissues in various ways and then 　　allowed to reveal their behavior after 　　being spread out into a thin layer. (55) In many cases, such cells show the 　　ability to reaggregate, after which 　　different cell types may sort 　　themselves out into different layers 　　and even take part in still more (60) intricate morphogenetic events. But in 　　most cases, the behavior of cells in 　　the intact embryo is difficult to 　　study because of the thickness and 　　opacity of the cell masses. The sea (65) urchin embryo, however, has the 　　advantage that it is so transparent 　　that each cell can be easily observed 　　throughout development. Thus, by 　　recording the development of a sea (70) urchin embryo with time-lapse 　　photography, the research scientist 　　might discover previously unknown 　　features of cellular behavior. Perhaps 　　the study of the sea urchin in this (75) manner can provide a medium by which 　　the molecular biologist and the 　　morphologist can begin communicating 　　with each other more effectively about 　　the way in which genes control (80) morphogenesis. 17 The author's primary purpose is to A outline a procedure and discuss possible applications B evaluate an experiment in terms of its applicability to medical research C propose a method for curing specific genetic disorders D explain a problem and suggest a solution for it E reveal the shortcomings of several attitudes toward genetic research 18 The author states that research into the genetic control of morphogenesis has been impeded by A an incomplete understanding of bimolecular reactions that are highly complex B a lack of communication between scientists whose work could be complementary. Ca reluctance on the part of morphologists to share data with molecular biologists D a lack of research in the area of morphology E the unavailability of suitable research equipment 19 The major objective of the author's proposal is to A devise a technique for proving that abnormalities in morphology result from gene mutations B improve the procedures for organizing chemical and morphological data C increase the accuracy of measurements of cell populations and cell mobility D reduce the margin of error in the study of conformational changes of protein molecules E provide a plan for increasing knowledge about the influence of genes on morphogenesis 20 It can be inferred from the passage that some cells that have been isolated from an organism have the ability to A control morphogenesis B reform to make higher organisms C reorganize to form clusters of cells D regulate the transmission of light through the cell wall E regulate the rate of tissue formation 21 It can be inferred from the passage that the study of the effects of genes on morphogenesis is best accomplished by observing A intact developing embryos B adult sea urchins C isolated living cells D groups of genetically mutated cells E cells from the same kind of tissue 22 According to the passage, it is difficult to study cells in most intact embryos because A morphogenetic events cannot be isolated B embryos die quickly C embryos are difficult to obtain D individual cells reaggregate too quickly E individual cells are difficult to See 23 Which of the following sequences best describes author's suggestion for future research on morphogenesis? A Accumulation of data, simplification of language, explanation of morphogenesis B Dispersion of cells, evaluation of cell activity, development of an explanatory hypothesis C Classification of cell types, separation of cell observation of cell activity D Observation of the cell development, description of cell behavior, explanation at the molecule level E Differentiation of cell types, description of cell structure, analysis of molecular components 24 The tone of the author's discussion of the differences in the language used by morphologists and that used by molecular biologists is one of A indifference B neutrality C derision D approbation E indignation The Black experience, one might 　　automatically assume, is known to 　　every Black author. Henry James was 　　pondering a similar assumption when he (5) said: "You were to suffer your fate. 　　That was not necessarily to know it. " 　　This disparity between an experience 　　and knowledge of that experience is 　　the longest bridge an artist must (10) cross. Don L. Lee, in his picture of 　　the Black poet "studying his own 　　poetry and poetry of other Black 　　poets," touches on the crucial point. 　　In order to transform his own (15) suffering-or joys-as a Black person 　　into usable knowledge for his readers, 　　the author must first order his 　　experiences in his mind. Only then 　　can be create feelingly and coherently (20) the combination of fact and meaning 　　that Black audiences require for the 　　reexploration of their lives. A 　　cultural community of Black authors 　　studying one another's best works (25) systematically would represent a 　　dynamic interchange of the spirit- 　　corrective and instructive and 　　increasingly beautiful in its recorded expression." 25 It can be inferred from the passage that the author considers poetry to be which of the following? A A means of diversion in which suffering is transformed into joy B An art form that sometimes stifles creative energy C A bridge between the mundane and the unreal D A medium for conveying important information E An area where beauty must be sacrificed for accuracy 26 It can be inferred from the passage that the author would be LEAST likely to approve of which of the following? A Courses that promote cultural awareness through the study of contemporary art B The development of creative writing courses that encourage mutual criticism of student work C Growing interest in extemporaneous writing that records experiences as they occur D A shift in interest from abstract philosophical poetry to concrete autobiographical poetry E Workshops and newsletters designed to promote dialogues between poets 27 The author refers to Henry James primarily in order to A support his own perception of "the longest bridge" (line 9) B illustrate a coherent "combination of fact and meaning" (line 20) C provide an example of "dynamic interchange of the spirit"(line 26) D establish the pervasiveness of lack of self-knowledge E contrast James's ideas about poetry with those of Don L. Lee 28 OMIT: A include B indicate C adhere D contact E converge 29 VERSATILE: A submissive B unchangeable C unpretentious D essential E reclusive 30 ASSISTANCE: A difference B interference C incompetence D disaster E obnoxiousness 31 SUTURE: A elongation B traction C immunization D deterioration E incision 32 POSTULATE: A suffer in silence B find an excuse C sacrifice one's principles D resolve a conflict E deny as false 33 DERELICT: A widely occurring B generally known C extremely careful D keenly aware E quickly diminishing 34 SOPORIFIC: A accidental B implacable C intuitive D invigorating E particular 35 ENSCONCE: A please B minimize C object D explode E unsettle 36 CLOUT: A cowardice B aberration C impuissance D exorbitance E servility 37 INGENUOUS: A inane B cunning C awkward D bizarre E detailed 38 BRUIT: A keep secret B avoid obligation C appear unaware D become refined E make chaste 1 Her lecture gave a sense of how empty the universe is, in spite of the ---- number of stars within it. A diminishing B varying C enormous D unusual E limited 2 The wilderness is ---- in that it permits people to face an important reality—one that demands much of them as thinking, reacting, working individuals, not ---- as human machines. A foreign.. necessarily B intangible.. physically C stimulating.. creatively D discouraging.. neutrally E valuable.. merely 3 Ambrose Blerce's biographers agree that the Civil War was the central experience of his life, the event to which be constantly returned and the ---- that brought some ---- to the hitherto random pattern of his youth. A ordeal.. coherence B interruption.. continuity C climax.. confusion D escape.. diversion E hiatus.. rigidity 4 The constitutional guarantee of free speech may have been aimed at protecting native speakers of English from censorship, but it is not a great ---- to interpret it as protecting the right to express oneself in any natural language or dialect. A enigma B extension C sacrifice D condemnation E attenuation 5 Although Darwinism was a profoundly ---- world view, it was essentially passive, since it prescribed no steps to be taken, no victories over nature to be celebrated, no program of triumphs to be successively gained. A limited B repressive C debatable D innovative E paradoxical 6 Personnel experts say that attractive benefits alone will not always keep ---- executives from changing jobs for better long-range opportunities, but they think the enticements may deter many executives from accepting ---- offers from other companies. A discontented.. preferable B ambitious.. routine C unqualified.. inferior D experienced.. superior E dedicated.. advantageous 7 The concept of timelessness is paradoxical from the start ,for adult consciousness is ---- by the awareness of duration. A intrigued B repelled C measured D accelerated E permeated 8 MOLECULE: ATOMS A tissue: cells B office: furniture C body: limbs D family: brothers E light: batteries 9 ARRHYTHMIC: REGULARITY A atonal: sound B aromatic: fragrance C apathetic.. concern D aggrieved.. injury E apolitical.. popularity 10 OBJECTIVITY: PARTISAN:: A honesty: witness B accuracy: critic C skepticism: infidel D temperance: reprobate E hesitancy: paragon 11 LIMP: WALK:: A stumble: run B sneeze: breathe C flap: fly D choke: chew E stutter: talk 12 CONUNDRUM: SOLVE:: A mirage: vanish B tangle: unravel C dilemma: arbitrate D joke: amuse E target: aim 13 AGENDA: MINUTES:: A entry: diary B budget: money C draft: report D itinerary: log E preview: movie 14 RAVISHING: ATTRACTIVE:: A florid: healthy B perspicacious: discerning C impassioned: abject D passive: insensitive E sullen: quarrelsome 15 NIL: QUANTITY:: A vacuum: matter B data: correlation C infinity: universe D measurement: precision E fraction: validity 16 FULMINATE: CRITICIZE:: A penetrate: enter B narrate: relate C adulate: flatter D venerate: exculpate E devastate: annihilate My objective is to analyze 　　certain forms of knowledge, not in 　　terms of repression or law, but in 　　terms of power. But the word power (5) is apt to lead to misunderstandings 　　about the nature, form, and unity of 　　power. By power, I do not mean a 　　group of institutions and mechanisms 　　that ensure the subservience of the (10) citizenry. I do not mean, either, a 　　mode of subjugation that, in contrast 　　to violence, has the form of the rule. 　　Finally, I do not have in mind a 　　general system of domination exerted (15) by one group over another, a system 　　whose effects, through successive 　　derivations, pervade the entire social 　　body, The sovereignty of the state, 　　the form of law, or the overall unity (20) of a domination are only the terminal 　　forms power takes. 　　　It seems to me that power must be 　　understood as the multiplicity of 　　force relations that are immanent (25) in the social sphere; as the process 　　that, through ceaseless struggle and 　　confrontation, transforms, strengthens, 　　or reverses them; as the support that 　　these force relations find in one (30) another, or on the contrary, the 　　disjunctions and contradictions that 　　isolate them from one another; and 　　lastly, as the strategies in which 　　they take effect, whose general design (35) or institutional crystallization is 　　embodied in the state apparatus, in the 　　formulation of the law, in the various 　　social hegemonies. 　　　Thus, the viewpoint that permits one (40) to understand the exercise of power, 　　even in its more "peripheral" 　　effects, and that also makes it 　　possible to use its mechanisms as a 　　structural framework for analyzing the (45) social order, must not be sought in 　　a unique source of sovereignty from 　　which secondary and descendent forms 　　of power emanate but in the moving 　　substrate of force relations that, by (50) virtue of their inequality, constantly 　　engender local and unstable states of 　　power. If power seems omnipresent, it 　　is not because it has the privilege of 　　consolidating everything under its (55) invincible unity, but because it is 　　produced from one moment to the next, 　　at every point, or rather in every 　　relation from one point to another. 　　Power is everywhere, not because it (60) embraces everything, but because it 　　comes from everywhere. And if power 　　at times seems to be permanent, 　　repetitions, inert, and self- 　　reproducing, it is simply because (65) the overall effect that emerges 　　from all these mobilities is a 　　concatenation that rests on each of 　　them and seeks in turn to arrest 　　their movement. One needs to be (70) nominalistic, no doubt, power is not 　　an institution,. and not a structure; 　　neither is it a certain strength we 　　are endowed with; it is the name that 　　one attributes to a complex strategic (75) situation in a particular society. 17 The author's primary purpose in defining power is to A counteract self-serving and confusing uses of the term B establish a compromise among those who have defined the term in different ways C increase comprehension of the term by providing concrete examples D demonstrate how the meaning of the term has evolved E avoid possible misinterpretations resulting from the more common uses of the term 18 According to the passage, which of the following best describes the relationship between law and power? A Law is the protector of power. B Law is the source of power. C Law sets bounds of power. D Law is a product of power. E law is a stabilizer of power. 19 Which of the following methods is NOT used extensively by the author in describing his own conception of power? A Restatement of central ideas B Provision of concrete examples C Analysis and classification D Comparison and contrast E Statement of cause and effect 20 With which of the following statements would the author be most likely to agree? A Power tends to corrupt; absolute power corrupts absolutely. B The highest proof of virtue is to possess boundless power without abusing it. C To love knowledge is to love power. D It is from the people and their deeds that power springs. E The health of the people as a state is the foundation on which all their power depends. 21 The author's attitude toward the various kinds of compulsion employed by social institutions is best described as A concerned and sympathetic B scientific and detached C suspicious and cautious D reproachful and disturbed E meditative and wistful 22 According to the passage, states of power are transient because of the A differing natures and directions of the forces that create them B rigid structural framework in which they operate C unique source from which they emanate D pervasive nature and complexity of the mechanisms by which they operate E concatenation that seeks to arrest their movement 23 It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes the conflict among social forces to be A essentially the same from one society to another even though its outward manifestation may seem different B usually the result of misunderstandings that impede social progress C an inevitable feature of the social order of any state D wrongly blamed for disrupting the stability of society E best moderated in states that possess a strong central government 　 The hypothesis of an expanding 　　Earth has never attracted notable 　　support, and if it were not for the 　　historical example of continental (5) drift, such indifference might be a 　　legitimate response to an apparently 　　improbable concept. It should be 　　remembered, however, that drift too 　　was once regarded as illusory, but the (10) idea was kept alive until evidence 　　from physicists compelled geologists 　　to reinterpret their date. 　　　Of course, it would be as dangerous 　　to overreact to history by concluding (15) that the majority must now be wrong 　　about expansion as it would be to 　　reenact the response that greeted the 　　suggestion that the continents had 　　drifted. The cases are not precisely (20) analogous, There were serious problems 　　with the pre-drift world view that a 　　drift theory could help to resolve, 　　whereas Earth expansion appears to 　　offer no comparable advantages. If, (25) however, physicists could show that 　　the Earth's gravitational force has 　　decreased with time, expansion would 　　have to be reconsidered and 　　accommodated. 24 The passage indicates that one reason why the expansion hypothesis has attracted little support is that it will not A overcome deficiencies in current geologic hypotheses B clarify theories concerning the Earth's gravitational forces C complement the theory of continental drift D accommodate relevant theories from the field of physics E withstand criticism from scientists outside the field of geology 25 The final acceptance of a drift theory could best be used to support the argument that A physicists are reluctant to communicate with other scientists B improbable hypotheses usually turn out to be valid C there should be cooperation between different fields of science D there is a need for governmental control of scientific research E scientific theories are often proved by accident 26 In developing his argument, the author warns against A relying on incomplete measurements B introducing irrelevant information C rejecting corroborative evidence D accepting uninformed opinions E making unwarranted comparisons 27 It can be deduced from the passage that the gravitation force at a point on the Earth's surface is A representative of the geologic age of the Earth B analogous to the movement of land masses C similar to optical phenomena such as mirages D proportional to the size of the Earth E dependent on the speed of the Earth's Rotation 28 BARRICADE: A join forces B assure safety C permit passage D renew promises E remain stationary 29 TAUT: A loose or unfirm B rough or unformed C transparent or lucid D pliant or malleable E open or accommodating 30 OPPORTUNE: A trivial B practical C inconvenient D unavailable E inconsistent 31 DISMAY: A sympathize B hearten C absolve D legitimize E scrutinize 32 FESTER: A depreciate B heal C animate D liquefy E soften 33 DISCERNMENT: A weakness of will B loss of authority C lack of insight D decrease in adornment E reduction in strength 34 DEPLOY: A relinquish B convert C insulate D concentrate E deceive 35 MOLIFICATION: A inflammation B resuscitation C infiltration D stabilization E precipitation 36 INFELICITY: A manifestation B nervousness C restoration D gratuitousness E appropriateness 37 ASPERITY: A depth B mildness C imprecision D leisure E indifference 38 DESULTORY: A impetuous B pitiful C assiduous D lavish E healthful