五菱荣光安全气囊概述

五菱荣光安全气囊概述 摘要 本主要讲解了在中国市场中占据很大市场的微型汽车，是以上汽通用五菱为代表，主要分 析在微型车中豪华型中的安全气囊的技术，也是最具有代表性，从构造、原理分析、故障处理等方 面论述 。 关键词 :二次碰撞 SRS 时钟弹簧 故障代码 summer of masonry construction, brick requires sufficient moist. 8.6.2.6 you must take the following measures to concrete construction in summer high temperature impact on concrete a. hardening speed up, vibrating difficulties reduced bleeding, fast drying, easy to crack (plastic), high early strength, fast early hydration heat, less cooling, temperature increases rapidly, due to temperature difference cracks. B. pouring daytime high temperatures, due to the high temperature effect of concrete strength, stability, in varying degrees, on mixing processes, perfusion vibration and moisture conservation, effective measures should be taken. 2) main measures taken by a. temperature control the water temperature in your standard mix proportion of concrete 2 degrees, the concrete temperature 0.5 degrees. B. with the controlled addition of retarder agent can reduce the effects of concrete under high temperature, but make some performance degradation of concrete, so when you are using additives must be implemented upon approval by the supervising engineer. C. time control suitable for work at night, should seek to reduce the mixing time and shipping time at high temperatures. D. strengthen the conservation and high temperatures after pouring in the early days of continuous water conservation to prevent surface drying and covering thin-film wet grass bag to make it moist State in 24 hours. 8.6.3 8.6.3.1 winter construction measures in winter construction preparation 1) required winter construction materials, equipment, planning ahead of time comes into 目录 前言.................................................................... (3) 一、安全气囊概述........................................................ (4) 二、安全气囊的形式..................................................... (5) 三、安全气囊的原理..................................................... (7) 四、气囊元件作用简介................................................... (8) 五、全气囊故障内容的读取、消码........................................ (11) 六、废旧安全气囊的处理................................................ (12) 结束语................................................................. (13) (14) 参考文献............................................................... ous wang time at high temperatures. D. strengthen the conservation and high temperatures after pouring in the early days of continuval by the supervising engineer. C. time control suitable for work at night, should seek to reduce the mixing time and shippiappro high temperature, but make some performance degradation of concrete, so when you are using additives must be implemented uponconcrete temperature 0.5 degrees. B. with the controlled addition of retarder agent can reduce the effects of concrete under the 2) main measures taken by a. temperature control the water temperature in your standard mix proportion of concrete 2 degrees, , in varying degrees, on mixing processes, perfusion vibration and moisture conservation, effective measures should be taken.ilityrature difference cracks. B. pouring daytime high temperatures, due to the high temperature effect of concrete strength, stabto crack (plastic), high early strength, fast early hydration heat, less cooling, temperature increases rapidly, due to tempe easy on in summer high temperature impact on concrete a. hardening speed up, vibrating difficulties reduced bleeding, fast drying,of masonry construction, brick requires sufficient moist. 8.6.2.6 you must take the following measures to concrete constructi summerahead of time comes into aration 1) required winter construction materials, equipment, planningfilm wet grass bag to make it moist State in 24 hours. 8.6.3 8.6.3.1 winter construction measures in winter construction prep-ter conservation to prevent surface drying and covering thin2 哈尔滨江南职业技术学院 五菱荣光安全气囊概述 前言 随着高速公路的发展和汽车性能的提高，汽车行驶的速度越来越快。又由于汽车保有量的迅速增加，道路交通越来越拥挤。这就使得汽车事故频繁发生，所以汽车的安全性就变得尤为重要，成为当今汽车设计和生产的一个重要课题。汽车的安全性分为主动安全和被动安全。主动安全是指汽车防止发生事故的能力，主要有操纵的稳定性，制动的可靠性、平顺性等;被动安全是指汽车在发生事故的情况下保护乘员的能力，主要有防撞式车身、安全带和辅助乘员的保护系统(SUPPLEMENTAL-RESTRAINT SYSTEM，以下简称安全气囊)等。由于汽车事故难以避免，因此被动安全显得非常重要，安全气囊作为被动安全的研究成果，由于使用方便、效果显著、造价不高，所以近年来得到迅速发展和普及。 can reduce the effects of concrete under high temperature, but make some performance degradation of concrete, so when you are mix proportion of concrete 2 degrees, the concrete temperature 0.5 degrees. B. with the controlled addition of retarder agent andardvation, effective measures should be taken. 2) main measures taken by a. temperature control the water temperature in your stture effect of concrete strength, stability, in varying degrees, on mixing processes, perfusion vibration and moisture consermperatemperature increases rapidly, due to temperature difference cracks. B. pouring daytime high temperatures, due to the high te culties reduced bleeding, fast drying, easy to crack (plastic), high early strength, fast early hydration heat, less cooling,struction in summer high temperature impact on concrete a. hardening speed up, vibrating diffisummer of masonry construction, brick requires sufficient moist. 8.6.2.6 you must take the following measures to concrete conconstruction materials, equipment, planning ahead of time comes intoaration 1) required winter film wet grass bag to make it moist State in 24 hours. 8.6.3 8.6.3.1 winter construction measures in winter construction prep-pouring in the early days of continuous water conservation to prevent surface drying and covering thin after d seek to reduce the mixing time and shipping time at high temperatures. D. strengthen the conservation and high temperaturesng additives must be implemented upon approval by the supervising engineer. C. time control suitable for work at night, shoulusi3 1、安全气囊概述 为了说明安全带和安全气囊在保护乘员方面的重要性，首先说明造成乘员伤害的原因。 当汽车和障碍物之间发生碰撞事故时，汽车和障碍物之间的碰撞称为一次碰撞。一次碰撞的结果导致汽车速度急剧下降。例如，如果一辆汽车以50km/h的速度与一个固定不动的障碍物正面相撞，则汽车至完全停止所需时间大约0.1s。在这短暂的时间内，可发生的事情却相当多:在碰撞的瞬间，前护杠停止运动，但汽车的其他部分仍以50km,h的速度前进。随着车辆前部逐渐损坏，汽车即开始吸收动能并减速;在碰撞过程中，当开始减速慢下来时，内部乘员则仍以原来的速度向前移动。于是就发生了乘员和方向盘、仪表板、风挡玻璃等之间的碰撞，造成了乘员的伤害。这种乘员和汽车内部结构之间的碰撞称为二次碰撞 1、被动安全装置:用来减轻事故导致的伤害程度的装置，如安全气囊、安全带、护膝垫、两节或三节式转向柱。 2、主动安全装置:车轮制动器、防抱死制动系统、刮水器与洗涤器、雷达车距控制与报警系统等。 3、一次碰撞:汽车发生碰撞时，汽车与汽车或汽车与障碍物之间的碰撞。 、二次碰撞:一次碰撞后，汽车速度将急剧变化，驾驶员和乘员就会受到惯性力的作用而向4 前运动，并与车内的转向盘、挡风玻璃或仪表台等构件发生碰撞，这种碰撞称为二次碰撞。在车辆事故中，导致驾驶员和乘员遭受伤害的主要原因是二次碰撞。 注:安全气囊的作用就是要减小司乘人员在二次碰撞中的伤害程度. 如果乘员未系上安全带，则他们会继续以50km/h的速度前进，直到撞及车室内部物件才会停止。在此例中，乘员撞击车室内部的速度，与从三楼的窗户跳下撞击地面时的速度相当。如果乘员系上安全带，则他们将逐渐减速，因此作用到他们身上的撞击力将减轻。但是在严重的碰撞事件中，虽然系上安全带的碰撞力比未系安全带少了很多，但乘员仍可能会撞到车室内部物件而造成伤害。 汽车安全气囊的基本思想是:在发生一次碰撞后，二次碰撞前，迅速在乘员和汽车内部结构之间打开一个充满气体的袋子，使乘员撞在气袋上，避免或减缓二次碰撞，从而达到保护乘员的目的 由于乘员和气囊相碰时容易因振荡造成乘员伤害，所以在气囊的背面开两个直径25mm左右的圆孔。 这样，当乘员和气囊相碰时，借助圆孔的放气可减轻振荡，放气过程同时也是一个释放能量的过程， 因此可以很快地吸收乘员的动能，有助于保护乘员。 ter conservation to prevent surface drying and covering thinous wang time at high temperatures. D. strengthen the conservation and high temperatures after pouring in the early days of continuval by the supervising engineer. C. time control suitable for work at night, should seek to reduce the mixing time and shippiappro high temperature, but make some performance degradation of concrete, so when you are using additives must be implemented uponconcrete temperature 0.5 degrees. B. with the controlled addition of retarder agent can reduce the effects of concrete under the 2) main measures taken by a. temperature control the water temperature in your standard mix proportion of concrete 2 degrees, , in varying degrees, on mixing processes, perfusion vibration and moisture conservation, effective measures should be taken.ilityrature difference cracks. B. pouring daytime high temperatures, due to the high temperature effect of concrete strength, stabto crack (plastic), high early strength, fast early hydration heat, less cooling, temperature increases rapidly, due to tempe easy on in summer high temperature impact on concrete a. hardening speed up, vibrating difficulties reduced bleeding, fast drying,of masonry construction, brick requires sufficient moist. 8.6.2.6 you must take the following measures to concrete constructi summerahead of time comes into aration 1) required winter construction materials, equipment, planningfilm wet grass bag to make it moist State in 24 hours. 8.6.3 8.6.3.1 winter construction measures in winter construction prep-4 哈尔滨江南职业技术学院 2、安全气囊的形式 了上述供正面碰撞的保护安全气囊外，近年还开发出了供侧面碰撞保护用的侧安全气囊。 安全气囊系统按保护面的不同，可分为供正面碰撞保护用的安全气囊系统和供侧面保护用的侧安全气囊系统， 此外，安全气囊还可按充气装置点火系统的形式、气囊数量和气囊传感器数量等3 种方式来分类。 1、按充气装置点火系统分 (1)电子式(E型) (2)机械式(M型) 2、按气囊数量分 (1)1个:用于驾驶员(E型或M型) (2)2个:用于驾驶员和前座乘员(只有E型) (3)4个:用于驾驶员和前座乘员的正面和侧面(只有E型) 3、按气囊传感器数量分(只有E型) )1个:气囊传感器 (1 (2)3个:一个中央气囊传感器和两个前气囊传感器 E型、双气囊、3传感器 M型、单气囊 construction materials, equipment, planning ahead of time comes intoaration 1) required winter film wet grass bag to make it moist State in 24 hours. 8.6.3 8.6.3.1 winter construction measures in winter construction prep-pouring in the early days of continuous water conservation to prevent surface drying and covering thin after d seek to reduce the mixing time and shipping time at high temperatures. D. strengthen the conservation and high temperaturesng additives must be implemented upon approval by the supervising engineer. C. time control suitable for work at night, shoulusi can reduce the effects of concrete under high temperature, but make some performance degradation of concrete, so when you are mix proportion of concrete 2 degrees, the concrete temperature 0.5 degrees. B. with the controlled addition of retarder agent andardvation, effective measures should be taken. 2) main measures taken by a. temperature control the water temperature in your stture effect of concrete strength, stability, in varying degrees, on mixing processes, perfusion vibration and moisture consermperatemperature increases rapidly, due to temperature difference cracks. B. pouring daytime high temperatures, due to the high te culties reduced bleeding, fast drying, easy to crack (plastic), high early strength, fast early hydration heat, less cooling,struction in summer high temperature impact on concrete a. hardening speed up, vibrating diffisummer of masonry construction, brick requires sufficient moist. 8.6.2.6 you must take the following measures to concrete con5 E型、单传感器、双气囊 E型侧气囊 the 2) main measures taken by a. temperature control the water temperature in your standard mix proportion of concrete 2 degrees, , in varying degrees, on mixing processes, perfusion vibration and moisture conservation, effective measures should be taken.ilityrature difference cracks. B. pouring daytime high temperatures, due to the high temperature effect of concrete strength, stabto crack (plastic), high early strength, fast early hydration heat, less cooling, temperature increases rapidly, due to tempe easy on in summer high temperature impact on concrete a. hardening speed up, vibrating difficulties reduced bleeding, fast drying,of masonry construction, brick requires sufficient moist. 8.6.2.6 you must take the following measures to concrete constructi summerahead of time comes into aration 1) required winter construction materials, equipment, planningfilm wet grass bag to make it moist State in 24 hours. 8.6.3 8.6.3.1 winter construction measures in winter construction prep-ter conservation to prevent surface drying and covering thinous wang time at high temperatures. D. strengthen the conservation and high temperatures after pouring in the early days of continuval by the supervising engineer. C. time control suitable for work at night, should seek to reduce the mixing time and shippiappro high temperature, but make some performance degradation of concrete, so when you are using additives must be implemented uponconcrete temperature 0.5 degrees. B. with the controlled addition of retarder agent can reduce the effects of concrete under 6 哈尔滨江南职业技术学院 3、安全气囊工作原理 安全气囊系统SRS的作用:当汽车遭受碰撞导致车速急剧变化时，气囊迅速膨胀，在驾驶员、乘员、与车内构件之间迅速铺垫一个气垫，使驾驶员、乘员头部与胸部压在充满气体的气囊上，利用气囊的阻尼作用和气囊排气节流的阻尼作用来吸收人体产生的动能，从而减轻人体遭受伤害的程度。 安全气囊使用的气体介质为氮气，平时由叠氮化钠固体药片受热分解释放。若减速力达到设定值以上时，系统会触发充气装置，然后充气装置内的化学反应会使气囊在瞬间充满氮气，以缓冲乘员的冲击，保护乘员头部和脸部免于撞击方向盘或仪表板。在气囊开始泄气时，气囊依然在继续吸收动能。整个过程(由充气、保护、泄气组成)在不到1s内完成 气气体体发发碰撞信号碰撞信号发生碰撞发生碰撞生生SRSSRS气囊气囊器器防护传感器防护传感器 点火器点火器SRS电脑电源SRS电脑电源 气体气体充气剂充气剂碰碰撞撞传传感感 器器 安全气囊的动作过程 1.碰撞刚开始10ms后，气囊开始充气，驾驶员尚未动作。 2.碰撞40ms后，气囊完全充满，人体向前移动。安全带开始预收缩(吸收 部分能量)。 3. 碰撞约60ms驾驶员头部及身体压向气囊。气囊内气体通过节流孔排气， 吸收人体与气囊之间的碰撞能量。 4. 碰撞约120ms大部分气囊内气体从节流孔排出，汽车前方视线恢复。 注:人的眼皮一眨眼所用时间约为200ms，因此气囊爆炸这个过程是非常短暂的，用肉眼根本无法看清。 气囊打开的条件: 1、碰撞方向与汽车中心线的夹角30º以内; 2、碰撞车速在25km/h以上。 can reduce the effects of concrete under high temperature, but make some performance degradation of concrete, so when you are mix proportion of concrete 2 degrees, the concrete temperature 0.5 degrees. B. with the controlled addition of retarder agent andardvation, effective measures should be taken. 2) main measures taken by a. temperature control the water temperature in your stture effect of concrete strength, stability, in varying degrees, on mixing processes, perfusion vibration and moisture consermperatemperature increases rapidly, due to temperature difference cracks. B. pouring daytime high temperatures, due to the high te culties reduced bleeding, fast drying, easy to crack (plastic), high early strength, fast early hydration heat, less cooling,struction in summer high temperature impact on concrete a. hardening speed up, vibrating diffisummer of masonry construction, brick requires sufficient moist. 8.6.2.6 you must take the following measures to concrete conconstruction materials, equipment, planning ahead of time comes intoaration 1) required winter film wet grass bag to make it moist State in 24 hours. 8.6.3 8.6.3.1 winter construction measures in winter construction prep-pouring in the early days of continuous water conservation to prevent surface drying and covering thin after d seek to reduce the mixing time and shipping time at high temperatures. D. strengthen the conservation and high temperaturesng additives must be implemented upon approval by the supervising engineer. C. time control suitable for work at night, shoulusi7 4、元件作用简介 1、驾驶员侧安全气囊; 2、乘员侧安全气囊(未安装); 3、时钟弹簧; 4、感应与诊断模块; 5、线束(黄色) 1、执行感应器:由双接触机电开关组成的安全装置。 1)、工作不依赖于电子元件; )、在正常行车时保证气囊点火线路不触发; 2 3)、必要时接通点爆电路。 2、碰撞感应器:即碰撞传感器。用以碰撞的强烈程度。 3、SRS 警示灯:如感应诊断模块或外部电路出现故障，位仪表盘内的故障灯点亮，此时安全气囊SRS失效。 1)、打开点火开关后，警示灯亮4S后熄灭，说明系统正常;灯总亮或总灭均说明系统出现故障。 2)、在行驶过程中，如出现故障灯亮，也说明系统出现故障。 4、线束及接头:线束为黄色套管包扎，非专业人员不得对该线束进行测量及维修，否则会造成气囊误爆的危险。 1)、时钟弹簧接头短路棒的作用:当拔下插头时，使气囊两接头短路防止误通电造成误爆; 2)、ECU接头处的短路棒:拔下拔头，警示灯会亮。 碰撞传感器 一般安装在汽车前部(本车装在ECU内部) film wet grass bag to make it moist State in 24 hours. 8.6.3 8.6.3.1 winter construction measures in winter construction prep-ter conservation to prevent surface drying and covering thinous wang time at high temperatures. D. strengthen the conservation and high temperatures after pouring in the early days of continuval by the supervising engineer. C. time control suitable for work at night, should seek to reduce the mixing time and shippiappro high temperature, but make some performance degradation of concrete, so when you are using additives must be implemented uponconcrete temperature 0.5 degrees. B. with the controlled addition of retarder agent can reduce the effects of concrete under the 2) main measures taken by a. temperature control the water temperature in your standard mix proportion of concrete 2 degrees, , in varying degrees, on mixing processes, perfusion vibration and moisture conservation, effective measures should be taken.ilityrature difference cracks. B. pouring daytime high temperatures, due to the high temperature effect of concrete strength, stabto crack (plastic), high early strength, fast early hydration heat, less cooling, temperature increases rapidly, due to tempe easy on in summer high temperature impact on concrete a. hardening speed up, vibrating difficulties reduced bleeding, fast drying,of masonry construction, brick requires sufficient moist. 8.6.2.6 you must take the following measures to concrete constructi summerahead of time comes into aration 1) required winter construction materials, equipment, planning8 哈尔滨江南职业技术学院 注:当惯性力小时，滚球无法克服永久磁铁的磁力，被吸附在最右端;当惯性力足够大时，滚球克服永久磁铁的磁力，向左边滚动，使触点两端接通。 时钟弹簧 1、安装 在转向管柱上; 、给驾驶员侧气囊模块供电; 2 3、是喇叭电路的组成部分; 注意:旋转方向盘超过3、25 圈时会损坏时钟弹簧。(拆下转向传动装置后，不能乱打方向盘;拆下的时钟弹簧最好用胶布粘紧)。 安全气囊电路 运行和起动时有电 红/黄红/黄(4)(13)仪气囊 [ [ 表警示诊断座盘灯 灰/绿棕红/黄 黑白橙白棕绿/黑黑 时钟驾驶员乘员侧弹簧侧预张预张紧紧机构机构 驾驶员侧气囊模块 气囊张开后，需注意如下问题: (1)安全气囊在设计上只能充气1次，一次性使用。用后必须更换。 (2)发生碰撞时，即使前乘员座没有乘员，前座乘员气囊也会同时张开。 (3)在气囊充气时会产生巨大的声响，而且在所释放出的氮气中会伴生少许烟雾。这些气体和烟雾是无害的(这不表示有起火现象)，但乘员要尽快清洗残留物，以免皮肤过敏。 (4)气囊的充气在少于1s内完成，因此气囊充气的力量相当大。此系统的设计是为了减少严重的伤害，但它本身可能会对乘员造成轻微的烫伤、擦伤或红肿等伤害。 (5气囊张开后，气囊单元的组件(方向盘中央部分、仪表板)可能会烫热几分钟，但气囊本身并不会发烫。 can reduce the effects of concrete under high temperature, but make some performance degradation of concrete, so when you are mix proportion of concrete 2 degrees, the concrete temperature 0.5 degrees. B. with the controlled addition of retarder agent andardvation, effective measures should be taken. 2) main measures taken by a. temperature control the water temperature in your stture effect of concrete strength, stability, in varying degrees, on mixing processes, perfusion vibration and moisture consermperatemperature increases rapidly, due to temperature difference cracks. B. pouring daytime high temperatures, due to the high te culties reduced bleeding, fast drying, easy to crack (plastic), high early strength, fast early hydration heat, less cooling,struction in summer high temperature impact on concrete a. hardening speed up, vibrating diffisummer of masonry construction, brick requires sufficient moist. 8.6.2.6 you must take the following measures to concrete conconstruction materials, equipment, planning ahead of time comes intoaration 1) required winter film wet grass bag to make it moist State in 24 hours. 8.6.3 8.6.3.1 winter construction measures in winter construction prep-pouring in the early days of continuous water conservation to prevent surface drying and covering thin after d seek to reduce the mixing time and shipping time at high temperatures. D. strengthen the conservation and high temperaturesng additives must be implemented upon approval by the supervising engineer. C. time control suitable for work at night, shoulusi 9 (6)当碰撞的程度足以让气囊充气时，可能会因车身变形而使风挡玻璃破裂。而在备有乘员 气囊的车辆上，风挡玻璃也可能因吸收部分充气力量而破裂。 concrete temperature 0.5 degrees. B. with the controlled addition of retarder agent can reduce the effects of concrete under the 2) main measures taken by a. temperature control the water temperature in your standard mix proportion of concrete 2 degrees, , in varying degrees, on mixing processes, perfusion vibration and moisture conservation, effective measures should be taken.ilityrature difference cracks. B. pouring daytime high temperatures, due to the high temperature effect of concrete strength, stabto crack (plastic), high early strength, fast early hydration heat, less cooling, temperature increases rapidly, due to tempe easy on in summer high temperature impact on concrete a. hardening speed up, vibrating difficulties reduced bleeding, fast drying,of masonry construction, brick requires sufficient moist. 8.6.2.6 you must take the following measures to concrete constructi summerahead of time comes into aration 1) required winter construction materials, equipment, planningfilm wet grass bag to make it moist State in 24 hours. 8.6.3 8.6.3.1 winter construction measures in winter construction prep-ter conservation to prevent surface drying and covering thinous wang time at high temperatures. D. strengthen the conservation and high temperatures after pouring in the early days of continuval by the supervising engineer. C. time control suitable for work at night, should seek to reduce the mixing time and shippiappro high temperature, but make some performance degradation of concrete, so when you are using additives must be implemented upon10 哈尔滨江南职业技术学院 5、故障内容的读取、消码 当发现故障灯亮时，应进行故障码的读取。 1、故障码的读取方法:只能用专用诊断仪来读取故障内容。 (1)、当前故障:在扫描仪上显示的故障代码为Axx。 )、历史故障:即以往探测到的故障，己不在激活，在扫描仪上显示Box。 (2 注:一旦发生故障，报警灯即点亮，即使故障不在激活，警示灯也持续点亮。 2、故障类型: (1)、外部故障:如果发生外部故障，维修服务人员可以复位SDM系统(即安全气囊的ECU)，将灯熄灭。 (2)、内部故障:如果发生SDM内部故障或扫描仪显示CRASH RECORDED(碰撞已发生)代码，SDM将不可能复位。必须更换SDM模块。 进行故障诊断的注意事项 1、进行检测前应拆下蓄电池负极线，并等待1分钟，让SDM的电容放电，才能进行检测。 2、必须使用数字式万用表来进行有关检测，如果使用指针式万用表有引起气囊误爆的危险。 3、拆下的安全气囊必须盖子朝上来放置(万一出现误爆，可以使气囊有展开的空间，避免气囊总成爆炸乱飞，造成更大伤害)。 aration 1) required winter film wet grass bag to make it moist State in 24 hours. 8.6.3 8.6.3.1 winter construction measures in winter construction prep-pouring in the early days of continuous water conservation to prevent surface drying and covering thin after d seek to reduce the mixing time and shipping time at high temperatures. D. strengthen the conservation and high temperaturesng additives must be implemented upon approval by the supervising engineer. C. time control suitable for work at night, shoulusi can reduce the effects of concrete under high temperature, but make some performance degradation of concrete, so when you are mix proportion of concrete 2 degrees, the concrete temperature 0.5 degrees. B. with the controlled addition of retarder agent andardvation, effective measures should be taken. 2) main measures taken by a. temperature control the water temperature in your stture effect of concrete strength, stability, in varying degrees, on mixing processes, perfusion vibration and moisture consermperatemperature increases rapidly, due to temperature difference cracks. B. pouring daytime high temperatures, due to the high te culties reduced bleeding, fast drying, easy to crack (plastic), high early strength, fast early hydration heat, less cooling,struction in summer high temperature impact on concrete a. hardening speed up, vibrating diffisummer of masonry construction, brick requires sufficient moist. 8.6.2.6 you must take the following measures to concrete conconstruction materials, equipment, planning ahead of time comes into11 6、废旧安全气囊的处理 6.1拆卸和更换安装、 (1).如果气囊在事故中展开，控制元件、气囊装置和接触装置必须更换新元件。 (2).如果气囊系统线束受损，必须立即更换。 ).切勿用任何方式更改气囊系统的线束。 (3 (4).开始操作气囊系统和电器系统前，断开电瓶负极并包扎好端子。 (5).开始操作气囊系统前，等待一分钟，直到电容放电。 (6).当拆卸方向盘时，固定转向柱在“正向前”位置，以避免重新安装方向盘时损坏接触 装置。 (7).存放气囊装置时，务必使衬面朝上。 (8).如果车辆维修时间较长，拆卸下来的未展开的气囊装置必须锁定保存。 (9).通常情况下，不得以任何方式改动气囊系统。 (10).切勿用油脂、清洗剂或类似物质(腐蚀性物品)处理气囊系统。 (11).气囊装置和控制装置对碰撞非常敏感，如果气囊装置和控制装置从 50cm/20in 以 上的高度落下 (12).在进行焊接工序时，焊接装置的拉索夹必须直接连接到焊点附近。务必将控制元件 与线束分开且且脱开充气装置的插头连接 (13).气囊装置和控制装置不能存放在90?/194?，即使短时间的存放也不允许。切勿修 理已损坏或残缺零件，但必须立即更换。 (14).切勿强行打开气囊装置。 (15).在安装前，再次仔细检查电瓶已经断开，接头被覆盖，点火开关位于“0”的位置。 6.2.报废 (1).气囊装置必须按照上海通用汽车公司的条例用电擎展开，使其失效后方可报废。 (2).气囊装置只能紧固在车辆上展开。展开前必须先清除气囊膨胀区内的所有零散物品。 (3).必须在车门关闭，侧窗打开的状态下展开气囊。 (4).展开的工序只能在空地上进行。 (5).应将噪声水平通告周围会被影响的人群。 (6)站在车前部的无关的旁观者也应如此，与展开的车辆保持10米左右的安全距离,最后 连接电源。 (7).切勿将未展开的气囊装置与普通废料一起处置。 (8).冷却15分钟后方可移开已展开的气囊装置。 (9).已展开的气囊装置可作“普通”废料处理。 (10).如果引展失败，等5分钟左右才能靠近汽车，并断开电源。 (11).拆卸不能展开的气囊装置，通过提前预约，以原包装退回。 ahead of time comes into aration 1) required winter construction materials, equipment, planningfilm wet grass bag to make it moist State in 24 hours. 8.6.3 8.6.3.1 winter construction measures in winter construction prep-ter conservation to prevent surface drying and covering thinous wang time at high temperatures. D. strengthen the conservation and high temperatures after pouring in the early days of continuval by the supervising engineer. C. time control suitable for work at night, should seek to reduce the mixing time and shippiappro high temperature, but make some performance degradation of concrete, so when you are using additives must be implemented uponconcrete temperature 0.5 degrees. B. with the controlled addition of retarder agent can reduce the effects of concrete under the 2) main measures taken by a. temperature control the water temperature in your standard mix proportion of concrete 2 degrees, , in varying degrees, on mixing processes, perfusion vibration and moisture conservation, effective measures should be taken.ilityrature difference cracks. B. pouring daytime high temperatures, due to the high temperature effect of concrete strength, stabto crack (plastic), high early strength, fast early hydration heat, less cooling, temperature increases rapidly, due to tempe easy on in summer high temperature impact on concrete a. hardening speed up, vibrating difficulties reduced bleeding, fast drying,of masonry construction, brick requires sufficient moist. 8.6.2.6 you must take the following measures to concrete constructi summer12 哈尔滨江南职业技术学院 结束语 经过半年的准备，论文终于顺利完成，由于我实习的车型不是高档轿车，而是经济型的五菱微型客车，从技术上讲，没有轿车的成熟，所以我只能选取在五菱汽车，以及与其相同的车型里最为常见的技术-------安全气囊。希望能把此项技术能够简单明了的呈现出来，中间我也是在不懂到半懂的状态的中完成的，这既是自我学习的过程，也是自我努力的结果。 开始一直认为汽车中，机修很重要，但是完成这项论文后，才发现电子设或电控技术比机修同样重要，甚至超过机修，所以，在今后的工作中，要格外重视汽车电控技术。 完成这项论文，我也是从中获益匪浅，只有一个明确的目标，才能坚持的走下去，还有就是要有具体的计划于安排，步步踏实，步步稳赢～ d seek to reduce the mixing time and shipping time at high temperatures. D. strengthen the conservation and high temperaturesng additives must be implemented upon approval by the supervising engineer. C. time control suitable for work at night, shoulusi can reduce the effects of concrete under high temperature, but make some performance degradation of concrete, so when you are mix proportion of concrete 2 degrees, the concrete temperature 0.5 degrees. B. with the controlled addition of retarder agent andardvation, effective measures should be taken. 2) main measures taken by a. temperature control the water temperature in your stture effect of concrete strength, stability, in varying degrees, on mixing processes, perfusion vibration and moisture consermperatemperature increases rapidly, due to temperature difference cracks. B. pouring daytime high temperatures, due to the high te culties reduced bleeding, fast drying, easy to crack (plastic), high early strength, fast early hydration heat, less cooling,struction in summer high temperature impact on concrete a. hardening speed up, vibrating diffisummer of masonry construction, brick requires sufficient moist. 8.6.2.6 you must take the following measures to concrete conconstruction materials, equipment, planning ahead of time comes intoaration 1) required winter film wet grass bag to make it moist State in 24 hours. 8.6.3 8.6.3.1 winter construction measures in winter construction prep-pouring in the early days of continuous water conservation to prevent surface drying and covering thin after 13 参考文献 [1]李栓成～舒华.汽车电子控制装置使用维修技术.北京:金盾出版社～2005 [2]李明才 .汽车电工技术手册.南京:江苏科学技术出版社～1997 [3]秦明华 .汽车电器与电子技.北京:北京理工大学出版社～2003 [4]陈德宜 .新型汽车电子装置结构原理检修.福州:福建科学技术出版社～1998 the 2) main measures taken by a. temperature control the water temperature in your standard mix proportion of concrete 2 degrees, , in varying degrees, on mixing processes, perfusion vibration and moisture conservation, effective measures should be taken.ilityrature difference cracks. B. pouring daytime high temperatures, due to the high temperature effect of concrete strength, stabto crack (plastic), high early strength, fast early hydration heat, less cooling, temperature increases rapidly, due to tempe easy on in summer high temperature impact on concrete a. hardening speed up, vibrating difficulties reduced bleeding, fast drying,of masonry construction, brick requires sufficient moist. 8.6.2.6 you must take the following measures to concrete constructi summerahead of time comes into aration 1) required winter construction materials, equipment, planningfilm wet grass bag to make it moist State in 24 hours. 8.6.3 8.6.3.1 winter construction measures in winter construction prep-ter conservation to prevent surface drying and covering thinous wang time at high temperatures. D. strengthen the conservation and high temperatures after pouring in the early days of continuval by the supervising engineer. C. time control suitable for work at night, should seek to reduce the mixing time and shippiappro high temperature, but make some performance degradation of concrete, so when you are using additives must be implemented uponconcrete temperature 0.5 degrees. B. with the controlled addition of retarder agent can reduce the effects of concrete under 14