七年级英语新目标下初中不规矩动词以前式和以前分词
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新目标英语初中不
动词过去式和过去分词表was been 是 * is
were been 是 * are
awoke awoke 唤醒 awake
bore born 忍受 bear
beat beaten 打,敲打 beat
became become 成为,变成 become
began begun 开始 * begin
bet bet 打赌 bet
blew blown 吹 blow
broke broken 打坏,打破 break
brought brought 带来 * bring
built built 建筑,建设 * build
burnt burnt 燃烧 burn
bought bought 买 * buy
caught caught 揪住,抓住 catch
could 能,会 * can
chose chosen 选择 choose
came came 来 * come
cost cost 花费 cost
cut cut 砍,切 cut
did done 做 * do
did done 做 * does
dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt 做梦 dream
drank drunk 喝 * drink
drove driven 驾驶,开车 drive
ate eaten 吃 * eat
fell fallen 落下,跌倒 fall
fed fed 喂养 feed
felt felt 感觉 feel
fought fought 打架 fight
found found 发现,找到 * find
flew flown 飞行 fly
forgot forgotten/forgot 忘记 forget
froze frozen 结冰 freeze
got got/gotten 得到 * get
* give gave given 给予 * go went gone 走,去 grow grew grown 成长,种植 hang hung/hanged hung/hanged 吊,悬挂 * have had had 有 * has had had 有 hear heard heard 听见 hit hit hit 打,击 hold held held 举办,容纳 hurt hurt hurt 伤害 keep kept kept 保持,喂养 * know knew known 知道,了解 lay laid laid 下蛋,平躺 * learn learnt/learnt learnt 学习 * leave left left 离开,留下 lend lent lent 借给 * let let let 让 * lie lay lain 躺下 * lose lost lost 丢失 * make made made 制造,制作 mean meant meant 意思是,意味着 * meet met met 遇见 * may might 可以 mistake mistook mistaken 犯错 must must 必须 pay paid paid 付钱,赔偿 * put put put 挂
* read read read 读 ride rode ridden 骑,乘 ring rang rung (钟/铃)响,鸣 rise rose risen 升起 * run ran run 跑 * say said said 说
* see saw seen 看见 * sell sold sold 卖 * send sent sent 寄,送;派 set set set 安装 shake shook shaken 摇动,摆动 shall should 将 shine shone/shined shone/shined 照耀 * show showed shown/showed 显示 shut shut shut 关 sing sang sung 唱 sink sank sunk 下沉 * sit sat sat 坐 * sleep slept slept 睡 smell smelt smelt 嗅 * speak spoke spoken 说 spell spelt spelt 拼读,拼写 * spend spent spent 花费,度过 spill spilt split 溅,洒 spit spat spat 吐痰 spoil spoilt spoilt 糟蹋 * stand stood stood 站 steal stole stolen 偷 sweep swept swept 打扫 * swim swam swum 游泳 * take took took 带去,花费,乘 * teach taught taught 教 * tell told told 告诉 * think thought thought 想,思考 throw threw thrown 扔,投,掷 understand understood understood 明白 wake woke/waked woken/waked 醒 * wear wore worn 穿戴 win won won 获胜 * write wrote written 写 * will would 将,愿
I. 一般过去时的概念
? 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如:last year(week, Monday…), … ago, yesterday, a moment ago, just now, in19..等。
例如:
She was in a teacher two years ago. 她两年前是个教师。
I saw him in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上看见他了。
? 也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作,常和often, always等频率副词连用。
例如:
He always asked questions when he was young. 当他年轻时他总爱问问题。
? 当表示动作时,谓语动词使用过去式(一般加ed或见不规则动词表);当表示状态时,谓语动词用 was, were。
II. 一般过去时的构成
(1) 规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则:
? 一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。 如:look-looked, watch-watched。
? 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,加-d。 如:live-lived, like-liked。
? 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed。
如:stop-stopped, shop-shopped。
? 末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先变y为i,然后再加-ed。
如:study-studied, carry-carried。
(2) 不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。
如:am(is)-was, are-were, go-went, come-came, take-took, have (has)-had等。
III. 一般过去时的几种句型
肯定句结构为:
? 主语+was / were +其它。
如:They were in Shanghai in 2000. 2000年的时候他们在上海。
? 主语+动词的过去式+其它。
如:He went to the book store yesterday. 他昨天去
店了。
否定句结构为:
? 主语+was / were not (wasn’t / weren’t) +其它。
如:My father was not at home last Sunday. 上个星期天我爸爸不在家。
? 主语+did not (didn't)+动词原形+其它。
如:She didn't come to school this morning. 她今天没来学校。
一般疑问句及其肯定、否定回答为:
? Was / Were +主语+其它?
如:Was it cold last winter? Yes, it was. / No, it wasn’t. 去年冬天冷吗,
? Did+主语,动词原形,其它,
如:Did you go to Beijing last week? Yes, we did. (No, we didn't.)去年你们去北京吗,
特殊疑问句的构成为:
疑问词,did+主语,动词原形,其它,
如:What did you do last night? I did my homework.
?. 规则动词过去式的读音也有规律可循。请记住:清后[t],元,浊[d],t, d 之后读[id]。
? 清辅音[p] [k] [f] [s] [ ] [t ]等后,ed要读[t]。 如: worked,finished。
? 元音或浊辅音[b] [g] [v] [z] [m]等后,ed要读[d]。 如:lived,called。