瘤胃非降解蛋白来源及补充2-羟-4-甲硫基丁酸和盐酸赖氨酸对乳牛泌乳性能的影响

瘤胃非降解蛋白来源及补充2-羟-4-甲硫基丁酸和盐酸赖氨酸对乳牛泌乳性能的影响 瘤胃非降解蛋白来源及补充2-羟-4-甲硫基 丁酸和盐酸赖氨酸对乳牛泌乳性能的影响 中国畜牧兽医2008年第35卷第1期生物技术?43? 2殷震,刘景华.动物病毒学(第2版).北京:科技出版社,1997. 3GaoZQ,XGuo,HCYang,eta1.Genomiccharacterizationof twoChineseisolatesofPorcinerespirationandreproductivesyn— dromevirus[J-I.ArchVirol,2004,149:1341,1351. 4KwonB,AnsariIH,OsorioFA,eta1.Infectiousclone—derived virusesfromvirulentandvaccinestrainsofporcinereproductive andrespiratorysyndromevirusmimicbiologicalpropertiesof theirparentalvirusesinapregnantsowmodel[J].Vaccine, 2006,24:7071,7080. 5LiH,YangH.Infectionofporcinereproductiveandrespiratory syndromevirussuppressestheantibodyresponsetoclassical swinefevervirusvaccination[J].VetMicrobiol,2003,95:295, 3O1. 6NelsenCJ,MurtaughMP,FaabergKS.Porcinereproductive andrespiratorysyndromeviruscomparison:divergentevolution ontwocontinents[J].Virol,1999,73:27O,280. 7TianK,YuX,ZhaoT,eta1.EmergenceofratalPRRSVVari— ants:UnparalledOutbreaksofAtypicalPRRSinChinaandMo— lecularDissectionoftheUniqueHallmark.[J].PLOSONE, 2007,2(6):e526. 8WensvoortG.Lelystadvirusandtheporcineepidemicabortion andrespiratorysyndrome[J].VetRes,1993,24:117,124. CloneandSequenceAnalysisofTwoHighlyPathogenic PRRSVoRF6andORF7Genes SHIJian—li,,LIJun,XUShao-jian,,ZHAOHong—yan,,ZHANGXiu bao —mei.,WANGJin— (1.QingdaoAgriculturalUniversity,Qingdao266109,China; 2.InstituteofAnima1ScienceandVeterinaryMedicine,ShandongAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,Jinan250100,China) Abstract:TheORF6andORF7genesoftwohighlypathogenicPRRSVSX,ZQ,derivedfromShandong,wereamplifiedby RT—PCR.TheproductsweresequencedaftercloningintopMD18一 Tvectorrespectively.Thesequenceswereanalysedusing DNAStarandcomparedwiththoseofVR-2332.LVandotherstrainsisolatedfromChinaandcircumjacentCountry.Theho— mologousofORF6,ORF7Nuclearacidwas91.1, 100withNorthAmerican(VR一2332)and66.2,7O.7withEuro— pean(LV)viruses,ThehomologousofORF6,0RF7deducedaminoacidwas91.2,100withNorthAmerican(VR-2332) and62.3, 82.3%withEuropean(LV)viruses,indicatingthatthetwonewshandongisolateswererelatedtotheNorthA— mericanPRRSVgenotype.TheORF6,ORF7NuclearacidofSXshared99.8,100identitywithhighlypathogenicPRRSV JXA1,whileTheORF6,ORF7NuclearacidofZQshared99.6,99.7identitywithhighlypathogenicPRRSVJXA1. Keywords:highlypathogenicPRRSV;ORF6;ORF7;clone;sequenceanalysis 瘤胃非降解蛋白来源及补充2一羟一4一甲硫基丁酸和盐酸赖氨酸 对乳牛泌乳性能的影响 L.M.Johnson—VanWieringen等着张乐颖摘译卜登攀校 摘要:在补充或不补充氨基酸情况下,采用100头初产 和经产荷斯坦奶牛研究了植物来源或动物来源瘤胃非降解 蛋白(RUP)对泌乳早期产奶量的影响.试验采用随机区组 ,约三分之一的牛属于初产牛.在怀孕前3周,让奶牛 采食4种分娩前日粮的1种,产犊后采食相应的产后日粮. 日粮1(AMI)和日粮2(AMI+)添加植物性瘤胃非降解蛋 白(含有热处理和木质素磺酸盐处理的芸苔粉),此外日粮2 含有盐酸赖氨酸和蛋氨酸羟基类似物(d,1-2一羟一4一甲硫基一 丁酸,Alimet).日粮3(PRO)和日粮4(PRO+)添加动物 来源的瘤胃非降解蛋白的混合物(血粉,鱼粉,羽毛粉,猪肉 粉和骨粉),此外日粮4还含有盐酸赖氨酸和蛋氨酸羟基类 似物(d,1—2一羟一4一甲硫基一丁酸,Alimet).在泌乳的前4周, 虽然B粮中添加了盐酸赖氨酸和蛋氨酸羟基类似物,干物质 采食量较少,但是这种效果没有持续到试验的5,9周.有 趣的是,尽管补充氨基酸添加剂,干物质采食量最初降低,但 是对乳产量或脂肪矫正乳与干物质采食量的比在整个试验 的17周内没有影响.瘤胃非降解蛋白来源(植物性或动物 性),没有影响泌乳的前17周干物质采食量,乳产量,3.5 脂肪矫正乳产量.本试验结果显示,热处理和木质素磺酸盐 处理的芸苔粉可以作为一种瘤胃非降解蛋白来源代替高质 量的动物源的瘤胃非降解蛋白,当日粮中瘤胃降解蛋白,可 代谢蛋氨酸和赖氨酸相等时,芸苔粉对乳产量没有负面影 响.尽管其它报道称,在高产奶牛日粮中,添加合成的蛋氨 酸和赖氨酸,对生产性能有利,但本研究数据并不支持这种 说法.此外,当日粮中补充盐酸赖氨酸时,血中赖氨酸浓度 有增高的趋势. 关键词:氨基酸;瘤胃非降解蛋白;蛋氨酸;赖氨酸 (原栽:JDairySci,2007,90:5176,5188)