从领导力评价诸葛亮

从领导力评价诸葛亮 一、怎样从领导力的角度评价诸葛亮, 答:引用管理学中的名词，诸葛亮属于事必躬亲的蜜蜂型的领导，根据中央电视台“东方时空”栏目近期的调查结果，在最不受欢迎的领导者类型中，蜜蜂型的领导排在首位，可见，诸葛亮不是一位好领导。 诸葛亮的事必躬亲现在两个方面。首先，在决策时，很难看到核心团队成员的决策参与，更多的是诸葛亮个人智慧的显现。其次，在诸葛亮身居丞相高位时，工作多亲历亲为，没有注意培养下属。 诸葛亮的事必躬亲造成了两个直接后果。第一，对于他个人来说，造成了身心疲惫，连其竞争对手司马懿都说:“孔明食少事厌，其能久乎～”果然不久诸葛亮就积劳成疾，与世长辞，空落得“鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已”的感叹。第二，对整个蜀汉政权来讲，因人才断层，造成了“蜀中无大将，廖化充先锋”的被动局面，最终导致“光复汉室”成为一句空话。 二、如何通过培养团队学习实现共同愿景, 学习型组织以共同愿景为基础，以团队学习为特征，以“学习加激励”为管理模式，以实现持久性发展为目的。建立学习型组织要进行五项修炼，即自我超越、改善心智模式、建立共同愿景、团队学习和系统思考。组织中的成员应自问:我能为组织贡献什么,我依靠谁获取信息、知识和专门技术，谁依靠我获取信息、知识和专门技术,在摒弃旧思维方式的基础上，通过有效沟通达到坦率真诚，了解组织怎样运行，制定大家认同的愿景，通过团队工作实现愿景。 Stoner给她的Seapoint中心团队提出四个核心价值，即透明、合作、成功和管理。 1、透明,即公开，诚实，时刻准备着。寻找并面对现实，清楚表达思想。 2、合作–将自身的专业知识与他人的经验结合，寻找新的思路和方法。有责任感，合作过程中使用简单易懂的沟通方式。 3、成功–以最高的专业技能和知识为。履行对顾客和所有相关者义务。正确对待成功和失败。 4、管理–致力于建立一个健康，可持续发展的世界。帮助改善社区和全球环境。 三、请结合个人的工作经历，谈谈自己对“激励性人格”这种有效教师内在特质的认识和体会。 (一)要有热情。有两层含义:一是对学生热心;二是对自己所教的专业有“求and due diligence evaluations article 22nd head office, branch (jurisdiction), risk management, marketing management branch within the Department's credit business person assumed responsibility for the supervision and inspection and due diligence evaluations. Article 23rd, Head Office, branches (jurisdiction), risk management, Marketing Management Department through on-site and off-site inspection, investigation report, interviews with investigators for pre-loan investigation work by way of conducting supervision and inspection, quality evaluation pre-loan investigation work, and based on the evaluation results, the implementation of diversity management. 24th the control and inspection (a) the implementation of the credit system: there is no breach of credit policy relating to the granting of credit and the head office; (B) dual credit rating: timeliness of ratings, whether the provisions of the rating, rating results are accurate; (C) the survey contents: data collection is complete, report writing is comprehensive, indicators analysis is objective, real, conclusions and the facts are consistent and reasonable; (D) double implementation of investigations system: practical implementation of double system; (E) other supervision and inspection of the contents. 25th due diligence evaluation offices and branches (jurisdiction), risk management, Marketing Management Department agreed to carry out pre-loan investigation supervision and inspection work, evaluate whether investigators due diligence to determine whether the exemption should be. Investigators should be compatible with. Due diligence assessment should be based on the fact that, following the principles of objectivity, impartiality and fairness. Article 26th head 知兴趣”和“求知信仰”。具有求知热情的教师相信自己所做的事是有价值的、有意义的，值得孜孜不倦地追求。热情是自然而然的一种“兴致”，不是故意显示什么和表演什么。对学生而言，教师的热情隐含在教师的语言、语调和教师的身体语言中。 (二)要有热心。即对学生的信任、关心和接受，比如亲切地喊出学生的名字，经常微笑等。热心也意味着倾听学生的声音，将学生作为重要的课程资源，将学生的意见、感觉、想法主动融入自己的教学中。 (三)要有期望。有效教师总是能够积极期待每个学习者，对自己和学生怀有很高的成功期望。学生的成功在一定程度上取决于教师对他们的期望值。大多数学生进入学校时都很自信并渴望成功，但他们很快就学会将自我期望值调整到与教师对他们的期望一样。教师的期望可能帮助学生成功，但这只是一种可能。只抱有期望，没有相应的帮助并不能有相应的效果。只有把期望学生成功和帮助学生成功结合起来，才能使教师的期望在学生身上实现。作为一种乐观的学生观，教师要经常表达对学生的期望。对学生持久地保持期望和鼓励，对教师来说也是一种生活信念。有效教师是积极的，以自己和学生的成功为中心，并保持乐观，他们相信自己有能力帮助每一个学生获得学习上的成功。 (四)要有可信任感。有效教师是那些能让学生感到“值得信赖”的教师。教师取得学生的可信任感，在低年级相对容易，但随着学生年龄的增加和学生心理的成长，教师获得学生的可信任感会变得不那么容易。教师在学生心中的“可信任感”主要取决与两个重要因素:一是教师的学识;一是教师的人格。 四、请结合个人的工作经历，谈谈自己对“以成功为导向”这种有效教师内在特质的认识和体会。 有效的教师是进行有效教学的基本前提。有效教学是教师通过教学过程的合规律性，成功引起、维持和促进学生的学习，相对有效地达到了预期教学效果的教学，是符合教学规律、有效果、有效益、有效率的教学。有效教学是提高学校教学质量的重要保证。所谓以成功为导向，就是教师能对学生怀有很高的期望，能鼓励和支持学生。他们能向学生传授积极的态度并感染学生。 1.对成功的高期望 课堂中的“皮格马翁效应”，揭示出教师对学生的高期望，去激励学生取得教师所期望的成绩，设法用语调、表情等非语言信息“帮助学生改变了他们的自我认识，他们对自己行为的期望，他们的动力或者他们的认知技巧”。 and due diligence evaluations article 22nd head office, branch (jurisdiction), risk management, marketing management branch within the Department's credit business person assumed responsibility for the supervision and inspection and due diligence evaluations. Article 23rd, Head Office, branches (jurisdiction), risk management, Marketing Management Department through on-site and off-site inspection, investigation report, interviews with investigators for pre-loan investigation work by way of conducting supervision and inspection, quality evaluation pre-loan investigation work, and based on the evaluation results, the implementation of diversity management. 24th the control and inspection (a) the implementation of the credit system: there is no breach of credit policy relating to the granting of credit and the head office; (B) dual credit rating: timeliness of ratings, whether the provisions of the rating, rating results are accurate; (C) the survey contents: data collection is complete, report writing is comprehensive, indicators analysis is objective, real, conclusions and the facts are consistent and reasonable; (D) double implementation of investigations system: practical implementation of double system; (E) other supervision and inspection of the contents. 25th due diligence evaluation offices and branches (jurisdiction), risk management, Marketing Management Department agreed to carry out pre-loan investigation supervision and inspection work, evaluate whether investigators due diligence to determine whether the exemption should be. Investigators should be compatible with. Due diligence assessment should be based on the fact that, following the principles of objectivity, impartiality and fairness. Article 26th head 大多数学生进入学校时都很自信并渴望成功，但他们很快就学会将自我期望值调整到与教师对他们的期望一样。学生关注教师对他们的期望，注视着教师的行为，并将教师的期望内化。因此，有效的教师会尽量向学生表现出期望他们成功，并会帮助他们成功。根据不同学生的实际，设计不同的目标和问，为每个学生提供成功的机会。特别是那些不爱学习或对学习的自我评价低的学生，布置任务和活动时，保证他们花80%,95%的努力就能顺利完成，以增强他们对自己能力的自信，激励他们去尝试更难的学习任务。学生在他们感到自信的课上，才会积极、自由地参与。 效的教师不仅对学生抱有成功的期望，对自己也抱有高期望。对自己的高标准要求会激励他们充分备课，高效地利用课堂时间，给予学生大量的信息反馈，他们会鼓励学生发表意见，经常地公正地让所有学生回答问题，在回答之前允许学生有充分的思考时间。 2.鼓励与支持 有效的教师会真正尊重和相信学生，鼓励和支持学生，帮助他们获得认同感，承认学生的努力与潜力，满足他们渴望得到喜爱、成功的需要。课堂上，教师会认真倾听学生的发言，及时对学生的发言给予激励性评价、丰富提升;会发现学生的点滴进步，并给予充分肯定;会帮助学生学会解决问题，为问题的解决提供多条路径，允许学生有选择的余地。当学生遇到挫折并准备放弃时，会鼓励与支持他们继续。比如“让我们一起试着做下一步”“不要放弃，你快要完成了”，这些鼓励性的话语，使学生明白:教师知道并同情他们的努力，相信他们会完成任务。通过帮助学生凭自己的能力解决问题，就会建立学生的自信。 五、如何评价刘邦的领导力, 1、刘邦善用人。楚汉相争，刘邦得天下，项羽功败垂成，自刎乌江。刘邦建立汉朝后，总结自己成功、项羽失败的经验时说:“夫运筹策帷帐之中，决胜于千里之外，吾不如子房。镇国家，抚百姓，给馈饷，不绝粮道，吾不如萧何。连百万之军，战必胜，攻必取，吾不如韩信。此三人，皆人杰也，吾能用之，此吾所以取天下也。项羽有一范增而不能用，此其所以为我擒也。” 2、刘邦善于激烈人、吸引人。刘邦“能饶人以爵邑”“使人攻城略地，所降下者因以予之，与天下同利”“降城即以侯其将，得赂即以分其士，与天下同其利”。把 “天下利”与自己的手下“共享之”，好处和利益大家分，大家得，不是他自己一个人独吞。 and due diligence evaluations article 22nd head office, branch (jurisdiction), risk management, marketing management branch within the Department's credit business person assumed responsibility for the supervision and inspection and due diligence evaluations. Article 23rd, Head Office, branches (jurisdiction), risk management, Marketing Management Department through on-site and off-site inspection, investigation report, interviews with investigators for pre-loan investigation work by way of conducting supervision and inspection, quality evaluation pre-loan investigation work, and based on the evaluation results, the implementation of diversity management. 24th the control and inspection (a) the implementation of the credit system: there is no breach of credit policy relating to the granting of credit and the head office; (B) dual credit rating: timeliness of ratings, whether the provisions of the rating, rating results are accurate; (C) the survey contents: data collection is complete, report writing is comprehensive, indicators analysis is objective, real, conclusions and the facts are consistent and reasonable; (D) double implementation of investigations system: practical implementation of double system; (E) other supervision and inspection of the contents. 25th due diligence evaluation offices and branches (jurisdiction), risk management, Marketing Management Department agreed to carry out pre-loan investigation supervision and inspection work, evaluate whether investigators due diligence to determine whether the exemption should be. Investigators should be compatible with. Due diligence assessment should be based on the fact that, following the principles of objectivity, impartiality and fairness. Article 26th head 六、刘邦身份低微，无权无势，没文化，不懂文明礼仪，口袋里又没有钱，凭什么来用人，人家凭什么听他的呢, 善于决策、用人。 认同蔡老师的观点。刘邦身份低微，无权无势，没文化，不懂文明礼仪，口袋里又没有钱，可见其成功之道在于善于决策、用人。 七、同意詹老师的观点。张良、萧何、韩信都是人中豪杰，凭什么来用人，人家凭什么听他的呢,再说，论出身，刘邦身份低微，在秦朝做了个小官亭长，相当于今天的村长;刘邦的父亲有几亩地，但绝不是什么大户人家。论文化，刘邦是个文盲。论文明礼仪，刘邦对人傲慢无礼，出言不逊。可见其成功之道在于用人艺术。 八、如何通过设计来遏制人性恶的一面, (一)事必躬亲是诸葛亮的弱点 诸葛亮的事必躬亲，是害怕“朝中有人”与其竞争，危及自己的利益，结果导致诸葛亮积劳成疾，与世长辞，空落得“鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已”的感叹。以及因人才断层，造成“蜀中无大将，廖化充先锋”的被动局面，最终导致“光复汉室”成为一句空话。 (二)重视制度建设是刘邦的优势 刘邦虽然身份低微，无权无势，没文化，不懂文明礼仪，口袋里又没有钱，但张良、萧何、韩信等人中豪杰能为其所用，最终在楚汉相争的博弈中，刘邦得天下，建立汉朝，项羽功败垂成，自刎乌江。当中的哲学在于刘邦“能饶人以爵邑”“使人攻城略地，所降下者因以予之，与天下同利”“降城即以侯其将，得赂即以分其士，与天下同其利”的用人机制。 (三)诸葛亮的事必躬亲，不敢放手培养下属，是制度缺失的结果 就好像现在老人跌倒了没人敢去扶，两车先后碾压2岁女童，10余人见死不救等，这些都不是人们不愿意去帮，而是目前的法律制度设计跟不上需要，从某种意义上保护着那些栽赃赖皮的人，结果助人不乐。同理，如果诸葛亮把下属培养出来，结果导致自己下岗了，那就肯定不划算。 (四)人性的恶要靠制度和信仰来遏制 两车先后碾压2岁女童，10余人见死不救。很多时候在网上看到这样的事情会觉得很愤慨～私下里也会问问自己遇到了会怎么做,能怎么做,我也遇到别人出车祸，我只能是去打个电话110而已，而自己却站的很远很远，这并不是我道德的丧and due diligence evaluations article 22nd head office, branch (jurisdiction), risk management, marketing management branch within the Department's credit business person assumed responsibility for the supervision and inspection and due diligence evaluations. Article 23rd, Head Office, branches (jurisdiction), risk management, Marketing Management Department through on-site and off-site inspection, investigation report, interviews with investigators for pre-loan investigation work by way of conducting supervision and inspection, quality evaluation pre-loan investigation work, and based on the evaluation results, the implementation of diversity management. 24th the control and inspection (a) the implementation of the credit system: there is no breach of credit policy relating to the granting of credit and the head office; (B) dual credit rating: timeliness of ratings, whether the provisions of the rating, rating results are accurate; (C) the survey contents: data collection is complete, report writing is comprehensive, indicators analysis is objective, real, conclusions and the facts are consistent and reasonable; (D) double implementation of investigations system: practical implementation of double system; (E) other supervision and inspection of the contents. 25th due diligence evaluation offices and branches (jurisdiction), risk management, Marketing Management Department agreed to carry out pre-loan investigation supervision and inspection work, evaluate whether investigators due diligence to determine whether the exemption should be. Investigators should be compatible with. Due diligence assessment should be based on the fact that, following the principles of objectivity, impartiality and fairness. Article 26th head 失，也不是无情冷血。其实是这个社会造就了我们现在这样的一个社会群体而已～最简单的，我和我小孩拣到一部手机，女儿很懂事打电话还给别人，没几天我小孩手机掉了却没人还给她，孩子流着泪问我;爸爸，为什么别人拣到我的手机不还给我呢,面对一个10岁的孩子我无法回答～如今的社会负面的新闻报道太多，让很多好心人寒心了，往往救人者会被牵扯进去而家破人亡或倾家荡产～这不是个人的道德沦丧而是社会的整体道德缺失了。我们每个人走在大街上都是那种独善其身的想法而已。所以必须通过科学的制度设计来抑恶扬善。 and due diligence evaluations article 22nd head office, branch (jurisdiction), risk management, marketing management branch within the Department's credit business person assumed responsibility for the supervision and inspection and due diligence evaluations. Article 23rd, Head Office, branches (jurisdiction), risk management, Marketing Management Department through on-site and off-site inspection, investigation report, interviews with investigators for pre-loan investigation work by way of conducting supervision and inspection, quality evaluation pre-loan investigation work, and based on the evaluation results, the implementation of diversity management. 24th the control and inspection (a) the implementation of the credit system: there is no breach of credit policy relating to the granting of credit and the head office; (B) dual credit rating: timeliness of ratings, whether the provisions of the rating, rating results are accurate; (C) the survey contents: data collection is complete, report writing is comprehensive, indicators analysis is objective, real, conclusions and the facts are consistent and reasonable; (D) double implementation of investigations system: practical implementation of double system; (E) other supervision and inspection of the contents. 25th due diligence evaluation offices and branches (jurisdiction), risk management, Marketing Management Department agreed to carry out pre-loan investigation supervision and inspection work, evaluate whether investigators due diligence to determine whether the exemption should be. Investigators should be compatible with. Due diligence assessment should be based on the fact that, following the principles of objectivity, impartiality and fairness. Article 26th head