资料过去完成时表示过去某一时间或某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作

资料过去完成时示过去某一时间或某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作 过去完成时表示过去某一时间或某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。它是一个相对的时态,只有在和过去某个时间或动作相比较时才会用到.。 E.g. : By the end of the match, they had kicked two goals. We had already had lunch before we arrived there. 其结构是“had+过去分词”。它的否定句是在had后边加not，变一般疑问句是把had提前。 E.g. I had reached the station before 9:00 o'clock. I had not reached the station before 9:00 o'clock. Had you reached the station before 9:00 o'clock? 它通常和before, by the end of 等引导的表示过去的时间状语连用. 另外, 复合句的主句为一般过去时, 宾语从句表达过去发生的动作时,从句也要用过去完成时. e.g. He said he had never seen such an exciting match before. 做题时常见错误如下: 一、had形式易写错 例:He had (have) gone home when I got to his office. 答案:had 析:have/has 的过去式都为had, had 在过去完成时中也是助动词, 不能再有单三人称的变化。 二、易与现在完成时弄混 例:He asked what I have (have) said. 答案:had 解析:现在完成时强调对现在的影响或结果(而过去完成时强调对过去的影响或结果。 三、易与一般过去时弄混 例:She lived (live) in New York for eight years before he came to China. 答案:had lived 解析:一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。 而过去完成时主要体现过去发生的两动作先后有别，即比过去发生的某动作还要“过去”，两动作中先发生的是过去完成时，后发生的则只用一般过去时。 1. When Li Ming hurried home, he found that his mother ____already ____to hospital. A. has; been sent B. had; sent C. has; sent D. had; been sent 2. We ____five English songs by the end of last term. A. had learned B. learned C. have learned D. will have learned 3. Han Mei told me she _____lunch, so she was very hungry. A. has had B. hasn't have C. have had D. hadn't had 4. By the end of 1976, many buildings _____built in the city. A. have been B. have C. had been D. will 5. She _____her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband ____home. A. has left; comes B. had left; would come C. had left; came D. left; had come 6. He said that it was at least ten years since I _____a good drink. A. had enjoyed B. was enjoying C. have enjoyed D. have been enjoying 7. The meeting _____when Mr. Wang _____to school. A. has begun; get B. has been on; get C. had begun; got D. had been on; got 二、1 When I returned home, he _____ (leave). 2. By ten yesterday evening, she ________(finish)writing. 3. He ______ (study) English for five years before he came here. 4. It ____ _____ (stop) raining when I wake up this morning. 5. I _____ (not read) the book because I had read it before. 6. She said she____ (be) born in 1992. 7. When he _____(come) to China two years ago he found people didn't understand him at all though he ________(learn) some Chinese in his own country. 8. I saw Han Mei yesterday. We _____(not see) each other since left Beijing. 9. When I got to his home, he_____(go) to bed. 10. She asked if Mr. Liu _____ already _____(come) back. 过去完成时的构成: had +.(过去分词) 用法:1、 与by, before, by the end of引导的表示过去的时间状语连用。例如:by then, by\ before nine o’clock yesterday, by the end of last year, by the age of twenty, by the time I arrived … 2、 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时;发生在后，用一般过去时。例如:When I returned home, my guest had already left.I did not see the film because I had seen it before. 3、常用于told, said, knew, heard, thought, asked等动词后的宾语从句。例如: She said (that) she had never been to Paris. He asked what I had said. 现在完成时和过去完成时的区别: 现在完成时强调对现在的影响或结果, 过去完成时强调对过去的影响或结果。 1. 单项选择 1(He asked me _____ during the summer holidays. A. where I had been B. where I had gone C. where had I been D. where had I gone 2. What ____ Jane ____ by the time he was sever? A. did, do B. has, done C did, did. D. had, done 3. I _____ 900 English words by the time I was ten。 A. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt 4. She ______lived here for ______ years. A. had, a few B. has, several C. had, a lot of D. has, a great deal of 5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I _____ the dinner already. A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked 6. She said she __________ the principle already A .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen 7. She said her family _______ themselves ______ the army during the war. A. has hidden, from B. had hidden, from C. has hidden, with D. had hidden, with 8. By the time he was ten years old, he ___D______. A. has completed university B. has completed the university Chad completed an university D. had completed university 9. She had written a number of books ______ the end of last year. A. for B. in C. by D. at 10. He _____ to play ____ before he was 11 years old. A had learned, piano B. had learned, the piano C. has learned, the piano D. learns ,piano. 11. What _______ Annie ____ by the time he was ten? A. did, do B. did, did C. has, done D. had done 12 .He ___ in the factory for three years before he joined the Army. A. has worked B. works C. had worked D. will work 13. By the end of last week, they ____ the bridge. A. has completed B. completed C. will complete D. had completed 14. Ben hates playing _____ violin, but he likes playing ____ football. A. a…the B. the… the C. / …the D. the…/ 15. By the time he was 4, he ______ a lot of German words. A. had learned B. has learned C. learned D. learns 16 .Jim turned off the lights and then _____ the classroom. A. was left B. had left C. has left D. left 17.They _________ in Guangzhou since 2000. A. lived B. had lived C. have lived D. were living 18. The train from Beijing_______ ten minutes ago. A. has arrived B. was arriving C. arrived D. had arrived 19. The students _________ their classroom when the visitors arrived. A . have cleaned B. had cleaned C. was cleaned D. have been cleaned 20. Fergie_______ the project in one hour. A. have finished B. will finish C. finishes D. has finished 21. The man ________ his coat and went out. A. put on B. had put on C. will put on D. was putting on 22 My mother_____ in that factory at the age of 18. A. had worked B. has worked C. worked D. works 23. Dad ________ while he _______ TV. A .fell asleep…watch B. was falling asleep…watched C. fell asleep……was watching D. had fallen asleep…watched 2.用动词的适当形式填空 1. We _______ (paint) the house before we ________ (move) in. 2. That rich old man _____ (make) a will before he died(die). 3. They ___ (study) the map of the country before they ____ (leave). 4. The robbers _____ (run away ) before the policemen arrived (arrive). 5. I ______ (turn off) all the lights before I _____ (go) to bed. 6. Paul ______ (go) out with Jane after he _ _____ (make) a phone call. 7. Tom _____ (say) he had read_______the book twice. 8. Our plan _____ (fail ) because we _______ (make) a bad mistake. 9. When the chairman ________ (finish) speaking, he ________ (leave)the hall. 10.The Reads ______ (have) lunch when I ________(get) to their house. 11.When I __________(arrive) at the station, he _______(leave). 12..We ________(learn) about 4000 English words by the end of last term. 13. I waited until he _______(finish) his homework. 14. We were surprised at what she _____already ______(do) 15.She ____(not go) to Qingdao because she _______ (go) there before. 16. He __ (not tell) you the news yet. 17. He said he ________already______(give) the book to the teacher. 18. I _________(be) to Shanghai before. 19. She told me she __________(be) to Sanya three times. 20.She __________(play) the guitar while her sister________(sing). 3(句型转换 1(I had sold the ticket when she came.(改否定句) 2.She had sung a song to us before she danced.(改否定句) 3.They began to climbed the mountain after they had bought all the food and drink.(否定) 4.By 10:00 a.m, I had been very hungry. (改一般疑问) 5.Lucy had already completed the project when I arrived.(改一般疑问) By the time he got to the airport, the plane had taken off. (改一般疑问) . 7. He showed us a picture. Then he showed us around the house. 用过去完成时连接两句) Before he __________, he__________________ 8.When he had read the note, he ate it. (对划线部分提问) 9..Jack didn’t go to the cinema because he had seen the film. (对划线部分提问) 10.We had had the toys for ten years before we gave them to the child. (对划线部分提问) 11.She had written the book by the end of 1960. (对划线部分提问) 12.We cooked the dumplings. We ate them up. (用过去完成时连接两句) 13.Jim’s father mended the car. It was broken. (用过去完成时连接两句) 14.We had our tests. Then we had a long holiday.( 用过去完成时连接两句) After we ___________, we _____________ 时态综合练习 1. We __________out by that time that he_________ a thief for a longtime. A. had found, had been B. had found, was C. found, had been D. found, was 2. It so happened that they________ the novel before. A. had read B. would read C. were reading D. read 3. She________ for nearly two hours. A. kept talking B. kept to talk C. has kept talking D. kept to talking 4. Spring_______ after winter. A. comes B. came C. has come D. had come 5.-I hear some noise in the next room. -Oh, yes. Your sister_______ there. A. cries B. is crying C. cried D. was crying 6. All the students__________ to plant trees and there's nobody in the classroom. A. go B. will go C. have gone D. wound go 7. Stop! A little boy_________ the street. A. is crossing B. crosses C. crossed D. has crossed 8. The girl________ to milk since last winter. A. learns B. learned C. has learned D. would learn 9. What__________ to you this morning? A. happens B. is happened C. happened D. was happened 10. -The old man looks healthy. -Yes. He________ some running after he gets up. A. does B. did C. has done D. will do 11. She didn't pass the exams because she________ her lessons well. A. wasn't prepared B. wasn't been prepared C. hadn't prepared D. was preparing 12. This story_______ in a faraway village in Europe many years ago. A. is happened B. was happened C. happened D. has been happened 13. -Mr King came back to our village. -Really? For what? -The old man________ the noise in the city. A. is hating B. hates C. was hating D. has hated 14. His father ________ for a week. A. died B. will die C. has been died D. has been dead 15. My mother is ill. I _______stay at home and look after her. A. has to B. must C. would D. have to 16.---Do you know the Frenchman? ---Yes. I ______him for two years. A. know B. have known C. knew D. have been known 17. They______ all their money, so they have to walk home. A. spend B. had spent C. have spent D. will spend 18. Great changes_______ in the city, and a lot of factories_______. A.have been taken place, have been set up B.have taken place, have been set up C.have taken place, have set up D.were taken place, were set up 19. ---When did Kate's grandma die? ---While the doctors______ on her. A. are operating B. were operating C. operate D. operated 20. ---Who are you looking for? ---Mr White. ---Wait here for a while. The class meeting_______ over in half an hour. A. is B. will be C. was D. has been 21. If she's not at home, you ______ try telephoning her at the office. A. will B. could C. would D. need 22. All the new words ______ up in the dictionary yet. A. have looked B. haven't looked C. have been looked D. haven't been looked 23.I don't want to speak to her, but I ______. A. do B. have to C. have to speak D. must to 24. Hurry up, or you _____ the train. A. miss B. lose C. will miss D. will lose 25.The new library ____ next week. A.. will build B . will be built C. would build D. would be built 26.---Where's Mabel? ---She _____ ping pong behind the teaching building. A. is playing B. was playing C. played D. had played 27. Quite a few tall buildings _______ the last two years. A. have been put up B. were put up C. had put up D. put up 28. Man-made-satellites______ into space by many countries. A. was sent up B. is sent up C. have been sent up D. has been sent up 29. I _______ all the words on the black board. May I go home now? B. copy B. will coup C. copied D. have copied 30. Nobody knew _______ a living in that country. A. to do B. to make C. how to do D. how to make 31.The old man needs at most five hour's sleep a night ,but he__________ for over seven hours tonight. A. has fallen asleep B has slept C has gone to bed D. has gone to sleep 32.I'm really getting too fat. From now on, I________ more exercise and eat less food. A have done B do C am doing D will do 33. You don't need__________ her. I_________ her for several times. A describe, had met B describe, meet C to describe, have met D describe, met 34. His speech in English was difficult__________. A in following B for being followed C to follow D to be followed by 35. When he was a child, he tried to find ways_______ people________ life more. A. to help, enjoy B. help, to enjoy C. help, enjoying D. to be helped, to enjoy 36.What did your class teacher ________you to _______at the meeting? A. tell, say B. ask, speak C. tell, speak D. ask, talk 37.______the bus until it _______. A. Get off, stops B. get off, will stop C. Don't get off, stops D. Don't get off, will stop 38 The living standard of the people in Shanghai_______ in the last ten years. A. has raised B. has risen C. has been raised D. has been risen 39 -What did Mr Jones do before he moved here? -He_______ a city bus for over twenty-five years. A. has driven B. drove C. drives D. is driving 40. Hurry up! The play _______ for ten minutes.A. had begun B. began C. has been on D. has begun 1-5 CAAAB 6-10 CACCC 11-15 CCBCD 16-20 BCBBB 21-25 ADBCB 26-30 AACDD 31-35 BDCCA 36-40 ACBBC