中央党校2009年考博英语试题

★本资料由博宸考博英语辅导整理编辑，更多系统化资料下载及考博英语针对性辅导请登录官方网站 http://www.aimedu.com★ 中共中央党校 2009年考博英语 注意：请按要求把 1-60题的填在机读卡（Answer Sheet A）上；阅读理解部分的 Sheet B 的答案、翻译和作文写在答题纸（Answer Sheet B）上。 Ⅰ. Vocabulary and structure (20 points) Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet A. 1. In an interview in his office when asked if his profile was too high, giving so many interviews since he took over the committee, he said, "It would be _______ of my duty if I sat in this office all day.” A. dereliction B. resurrection C. resolution D. termination 2. The stimulus act Congress passed takes into account new _____________ under the housing plan or the forthcoming financial stability plan. A. outlays B. layouts C. startles D.叩 starts 3. The schism has been ____________ by the Gaza war, with Hamas' exiled leader Meshaal calling for a new leadership to replace Abbas' Palestine Liberation Organisation, which lost parliamentary elections to Hamas in a 2006 poll. A . notified B. improved C. accentuated D. recognized 4. Many are realizing that Taiwan's integration into China's manufacturing process . A. cuts both roads B. cuts both ways C. cuts the road D. cuts the way 5. Armstrong has denied this charge repeatedly-successfully suing over the issue-and is reluctant to talk about it now, ___________ that he has nothing new to say. A. on ground B. on a ground C. on such ground D. on the grounds 6. Whether the proposed structure will iron out the regulatory confusion that could occur if big cross-border banks got in trouble is __________________________________ . A. open question B. opened question C. open to question D. open for question ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? w w w . a i m edu . co m ???????????? www.aimedu.com ????????????????????http://www.aimedu.com ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? w w w . a i m edu . co m ???????????? www.aimedu.com ????????????????????http://www.aimedu.com ★本资料由博宸考博英语辅导整理编辑，更多系统化资料下载及考博英语针对性辅导请登录官方网站 http://www.aimedu.com★ 7. Republican National Committee Chairman Michael Steele said that, despite the criticism within the party, he would stay __________________________________ on remaking the party. A. focus B. focused C. focusing D. focuses 8. Afterwards while the Eleven were at table he speared to them and reproached them for their ________, because they had not believed those who had seen him rising from the dead. A. inhumanity B. ingratitude C. incursion D. incredulity 9. Modem politicians sometimes reveal the kind of curriculum vitae which has become more common in a postmodern age: a fragmented biography ________________ various activities in organization and media. A. as a collage of B. with a collage of C. in a collage of D. by a collage of 10. The firm ____________ from making an immediate commitment for lack of currency due to this unexpected financial crisis. A. drew up B. drew back C. drew in D. drew on 11. Tom ____________ in the office when he said the CEO had decided downsize the company any by half, but it turned out to be a rumor. A. made huge waves B. took huge waves C. did huge waves D. brought huge waves 12. It was a national shame that somebody that we refer to as Father of the Nation and his personal belongings __________________________________ in a foreign land. A. is being auctioned off B. was being auctioned off C. were being auctioned off D. are being auctioned off 13. There is not a single case of game addiction _______________ we have worked with ______________ World of Warcraft has not played a part. A. that ... which B. what …that C. that... in which D. what... in which 14. Given her previously expressed interest and the ambitious tone of her recent speeches, the senator's attempt to convince the public that she is not interested in running for a second term is ___________. A. futile B. laudable C. authentic D. plausible 15. Old people are no fools, and can easily be hurt; so however many things you have on your mind to be done when you get home, never leave them feeling that you have given them time that you have __________ spared. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? w w w . a i m edu . co m ???????????? www.aimedu.com ????????????????????http://www.aimedu.com ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? w w w . a i m edu . co m ???????????? www.aimedu.com ????????????????????http://www.aimedu.com ★本资料由博宸考博英语辅导整理编辑，更多系统化资料下载及考博英语针对性辅导请登录官方网站 http://www.aimedu.com★ A. generously B. languidly C. grudgingly D. willingly 16. In the first place they may want to do no more than ensure that the Constitution is not altered casually or carelessly; they may want to secure that this important document is not lightly ________, but solemnly and consciously amended. A. tempered to B. tempered with C. tampered to D. tampered with 17. If there is an important and difficult question of law, however, I do not anticipate that senior judges will either feel "demeaned" or ___________ the possibility of the courts looking at the question again on fuller argument. A. give umbrage to B. give umbrage on C. take umbrage at D. take umbrage for 18. Vivienne Peters believes that Mercury's reticence may not be because of problems with the trial, but because it wants to keep the plan ______ in the fear that British Telecommunications Plc will try to steal its thunder by pre-launching a similar service. A. under wrap B. under wraps C. under a wrap D. under the wrap 19. By ___________ scientific rigor with a quantitative approach, researchers in the social sciences may often have ____________ their scope’ to those narrowly circumscribed topics that are well suited to quantitative methods. A. undermining … diminished B. invalidating ... expanded C. identifying ... limited D. imbuing …broadened 20. People of intelligence and achievement can nonetheless be so __________________ and lacking ___________ that they gamble their reputations by breaking the law to further their own ends. A. desirous ... propensity B. flattering ... deference C. envious ... independence D. greedy ... integrity Ⅱ.Cloze (10 points) Directions: For each of the blanks, there are four choices given marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best fits the bland and mark your choice by blacking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet A. Britain's schools are in a mess. Although British schoolchildren perform reasonably well __21__with those in other countries, average standards are not improving __22__billions in extra spending, and a stubbornly long trail of underachievers straggles behind. A couple of years ago, a consensus emerged among reformers __23__ councils had too much control and parents too __24__. There was radical talk in both main ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? w w w . a i m edu . co m ???????????? www.aimedu.com ????????????????????http://www.aimedu.com ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? w w w . a i m edu . co m ???????????? www.aimedu.com ????????????????????http://www.aimedu.com ★本资料由博宸考博英语辅导整理编辑，更多系统化资料下载及考博英语针对性辅导请登录官方网站 http://www.aimedu.com★ parties of encouraging parental choice as the best way to drive up standards: if schoolchildren were free to vote with their feet, taking public funding with them, new schools would open and ____25___ ones would improve in order to compete. ★本资料由博宸考博英语辅导整理编辑，更多系统化资料下载及考博英语针对性 辅导请登录官方网站 http://www.aimedu.com★ That talk has died down. Gordon Brown, the prime minister, is backing away from some of his predecessor's ____26____ measures to loosen local governments' control over schools and make them more ____27___ to parental demand. Tony Blair's academies-state-funded schools with some autonomy over vital matters such as syllabus and teachers' pay-have been told to pay more ___28___ to the national curriculum and the demands of local councils. In May the authority in charge of picking the winner in the first competition to open a school under Mr. Blair's rules spurned new entrants and plumped for the council's bid One might have expected more from the Conservatives, who stood for election in 2005 on a ___29___ to bring in school vouchers. Yet the Tory policy group charged 30____ thinking deep thoughts about public services paid only ___31___ to parent power, in its report on September 4th. Where schools are failing, it said, parents or charities should get taxpayers' money to open new ones. But only 2.9% are actually 32____, on official definitions. And another proposal, that children in failing schools get extra funding if they go elsewhere, was so ___33___ detail as to be meaningless. Worry about underperforming schools is hardly ___34___ to Britain: in America, in Italy, in Germany, even in once-proud France education is a hot-button topic. Yet a number of countries seem to have cracked it. Although specific problems differ 35____ different societies, parental choice is at the ___36___ of most successful solutions. What are the lessons? The first is that if a critical mass of parents wants a new school and there is a willing provider, local government should be required to finance it as generously 37______ existing state schools. Then second is that if a charity-or business-wants to open a school ____38____ that children will come, then taxpayers' money should follow any that do. Third, rules about what, where and how schools teach should be 39____—though not abandoned—to avoid stifling innovation and discouraging newcomers with big ideas ____40__, public-examination results would give parents the information they needed to enforce high standards. 21. A. compared B. comparing C. compares D. and compare 22. A. besides B. except C. despite D. while 23. A. and B. but C. that D. what 24. A. fewer B. few C. less D. little 25. A. to exist B. existing C. existed D. to be existing 26. A. hardly-winning B. hardly-won C. hard-winning D. hard-won 27. A. responsive B. appealing C. referring D. linking 28. A. feed B. reed C. heed D. need ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? w w w . a i m edu . co m ???????????? www.aimedu.com ????????????????????http://www.aimedu.com ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? w w w . a i m edu . co m ???????????? www.aimedu.com ????????????????????http://www.aimedu.com ★本资料由博宸考博英语辅导整理编辑，更多系统化资料下载及考博英语针对性辅导请登录官方网站 http://www.aimedu.com★ 29. A. condition B. pledge C. hope D. ground 30. A. as B. for C. against D. with 31. A. hand service B. mouth service C. lip service D. face service 32. A. paying B. getting C. falling D. failing 33. A. lacking in B. lacking of C. lacked in D. lacked of 34. A. contained B. confined C. involved D. restrained 35. A. from B. of C. in D. with 36. A. middle B. bottom C. heart D. floor 37. A. as it B. as it is C. as does D. as it does 38. A. in hopes B. in the hope C. in a hope D. in hoping 39. A. relaxed B. required C. overtaken D. pledged 40. A. In any event B. In an even C. In events D. In the event Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension (40 points) Section A (30 points) Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet A. Passage 1 For many countries worldwide, nationalism, as we have come to know today, has led to the formation of entities known as states. These have been bloody struggles, and due to their just nature, they have enabled certain ethnicities to file for self-determination. Typology of nationalism, however, is quite diverse. In some cases, nationalist movements have been born recently, whereas in some others, such feelings of belonging have been there for a long time. In Kosovo, nationalism has always played a major role, and one can freely say it has been one of the top elements that have aided the Kosovar cause towards independence. Under former Yugoslavia, Albanians have consistently been identified as pariahs, due to their ethnic difference from other constituent republics. This difference-—Albanianism---has been successfully maintained throughout years, and has relentlessly triggered tension and feelings of anti-Albanian existence among the state runners of the then Yugoslav state. At the same time, it has been an ensuring factor to the Albanian population of Kosovo that one day, nationalism will serve their purpose for self-rule. ★本资料由 博宸考博英语辅导整理编辑，更多系统化资料下载及考博英语针对性辅导请登录官方网站 http://www.aimedu.com★ ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? w w w . a i m edu . co m ???????????? www.aimedu.com ????????????????????http://www.aimedu.com ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? w w w . a i m edu . co m ???????????? www.aimedu.com ????????????????????http://www.aimedu.com ★本资料由博宸考博英语辅导整理编辑，更多系统化资料下载及考博英语针对性辅导请登录官方网站 http://www.aimedu.com★ Ethnic nationalism has at all times been a distinctive feature of the Albanians inside the Yugoslav “state-pool.” The arguer claiming that Yugoslavia was a country where everyone lived peacefully and in harmony, is challenged to face up to my statement; this state, in the first place, was built on wrong premises. Formation of a nation-state has a number of particularistic elements attached to it; and these more than often are a commonality of all the people living there. To begin with, all national groups that were part of Yugoslavia shared different histories. This was especially true for the Albanians. There was absolutely nothing that tied them together historically speaking with any other nationality, except for confrontation and tension. Then, language was another element, alongside with values and traditions. Albanian language and traditions are extremely different from languages and traditions of other ethnic groups which were part of Yugoslavia. Therefore, we are dealing here with various national identities, thus, Kosovo Albanians have always been a unique case. Ethnic nationalism, for Kosovo Albanians, suggested that they were a nation which shared same values and one culture. These values and culture were not artificial. They were carried onto Albanians by their forerunners, and this is a strong element identifying a nation. In the same vein, they ensured for legitimacy by different international factors. The behavior of Kosovo Albanians was characterized by a persistent effort to safeguard their national identity, as well as their long struggle for self-determination. Whilst the former was effectively preserved, the latter required commitment and sacrifices. ★本资料由博宸考博英语辅导整理编辑，更多系统化 资料下载及考博英语针对性辅导请登录官方网站 http://www.aimedu.com★Kosovo Albanians were not after self-rule under Yugoslavian regime, which was then coined autonomy. They were after full independence/statehood where no other state would interfere in internal and foreign affairs. Since national identity never posed a problem for Kosovo Albanians in terms of defense from external factors, their nationalist movement was shifted and took the form of a state-centric nationalism. 41. From this passage, we can infer that__________________. A. nationalism has been around for as long as states B. the nationalist movement is born out of the state C. nationalism is a tool that ethnicities use for self-determination D. nationalism has given rise to the fight for self- determination 42. The last sentence in paragraph 2 is used to __________ the main point of the paragraph. A. support B. refute C. revise D. circumvent ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? w w w . a i m edu . co m ???????????? www.aimedu.com ????????????????????http://www.aimedu.com ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? w w w . a i m edu . co m ???????????? www.aimedu.com ????????????????????http://www.aimedu.com ★本资料由博宸考博英语辅导整理编辑，更多系统化资料下载及考博英语针对性辅导请登录官方网站 http://www.aimedu.com★ 43. It can be inferred from paragraph 3 that nationalism served as__. A. the difference between the Albanians and other ethnic groups B. the protection against tension between the Albanians and other ethnic groups C. the source of energy in the Albanians' political struggle D. a political tool employed by the state runners of the then Yugoslav state 44. Which of the following is NOT one of the premises on which a nation-state is built? A. An identical history. B. Shared values. C. The need for nationalist movement. D. A sense of belonging. 45. What was the ultimate goal for Kosovo Albanians in their nationalist struggle? A. Preservation of culture and traditions. B. Founding their own state. C. Defense from external factors. D. Autonomy. Passage 2 Discussion of Western military prowess demands a precision in nomenclature often lacking in most accounts of the history of warfare. Political freedom—an idea found nowhere outside the West—is not a universal characteristic of humankind. Western elections and constitutions are not the same as tribal freedom, in which much land and few people occasionally give individuals opportunity to find solitude and independence. The desire to fight as freemen is also different from the simple enthusiasm of defenders who expel tyrants and foreign powers from their homeland. The latter wished to be free of foreign troops on their native soil, but they fought for the autonomy of their culture—not as free voting citizens with rights protected by written and ratified constitutions. ★本资料由博宸考博英语辅导整理编辑，更多系 统化资料下载及考博英语针对性辅导请登录官方网站 http://www.aimedu.com★ None outside the West drafted fighters with the implicit understanding that their military service was part and parcel of their status as free citizens who were to determine when, how and why they were to go to war. Foot soldiers are common in every culture, but infantrymen, fighting en masse, who take and hold ground and fight face-to-face, are a uniquely Western specialty—the product of a long tradition of a middling landholding citizenry who expresses unease with both landless peasants and mounted aristocrats. The ability to use a weapon, even to improve its effectiveness with practice, is not comparable to inventing and fabricating arms in mass quantities. Africans and American Indians could employ European rifles, become crack shots, and occasionally repair broken stocks and barrels. Yet they could not produce guns in any great number, if at all, much less craft improved models or find in a written literature the abstract principles of ballistics and munitions to conduct advanced research. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? w w w . a i m edu . co m ???????????? www.aimedu.com ????????????????????http://www.aimedu.com ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? w w w . a i m edu . co m ???????????? www.aimedu.com ????????????????????http://www.aimedu.com ★本资料由博宸考博英语辅导整理编辑，更多系统化资料下载及考博英语针对性辅导请登录官方网站 http://www.aimedu.com★ Capitalism is more than the sale of goods, more than the existence of money, and more than the presence of the bazaar. Rather, it is a peculiar Western practice that acknowledges the self-interest of man and channels that greed to the production to vast amounts of goods and services through free markets and institutionalized guarantees of personal profit, free exchange, deposited capital, and private property. Warriors are not necessarily soldiers. Both types of killers can be brave, but disciplined troops value the group over the single hero and can be taught to march in order, to stab, thrust, or shoot en masse and on command, and to advance and retreat in unison. Every army possesses men of daring