EN 1822-2-2009

BS EN 1822-2:2009 ICS 13.040.40; 23.120 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BRITISH STANDARD High efficiency air filters (EPA, HEPA and ULPA) Part 2: Aerosol production, measuring equipment, particle counting statistics Li ce ns ed C op y: W an g Bi n, IS O /E XC HA NG E CH IN A ST AN DA RD S, 1 8/ 03 /2 01 0 03 :1 3, U nc on tro lle d Co py , (c ) B SI This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2010 © BSI 2010 ISBN 978 0 580 61791 1 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Comments BS EN 1822-2:2009 National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 1822-2:2009. It supersedes BS EN 1822-2:1998 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee MCE/21/3, Air filters other than for air supply for I.C. engines and compressors. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Li ce ns ed C op y: W an g Bi n, IS O /E XC HA NG E CH IN A ST AN DA RD S, 1 8/ 03 /2 01 0 03 :1 3, U nc on tro lle d Co py , (c ) B SI BS EN 1822-2:2009 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM EN 1822-2 November 2009 ICS 13.040.40 Supersedes EN 1822-2:1998 English Version High efficiency air filters (EPA, HEPA and ULPA) - Part 2: Aerosol production, measuring equipment, particle counting statistics Filtres à air à haute efficacité (EPA, HEPA et ULPA) - Partie 2: Production d'aérosol, équipement de mesure et statistiques de comptage de particules Schwebstofffilter (EPA, HEPA und ULPA) - Teil 2: Aerosolerzeugung, Meßgeräte, Partikelzählstatistik This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 October 2009. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION C O M I T É E U R O P É E N D E N O R M A LI S A T I O N EUR OP ÄIS C HES KOM ITEE FÜR NOR M UNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels © 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1822-2:2009: E Li ce ns ed C op y: W an g Bi n, IS O /E XC HA NG E CH IN A ST AN DA RD S, 1 8/ 03 /2 01 0 03 :1 3, U nc on tro lle d Co py , (c ) B SI BS EN 1822-2:2009 EN 1822-2:2009 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword ..............................................................................................................................................................3� Introduction .........................................................................................................................................................4� 1� Scope ......................................................................................................................................................5� 2� Normative references ............................................................................................................................5� 3� Terms and definitions ...........................................................................................................................5� 4� Aerosol production ................................................................................................................................5� 4.1� General ....................................................................................................................................................5� 4.2� Aerosol substances ...............................................................................................................................5� 4.3� Producing monodisperse aerosols......................................................................................................7� 4.3.1� Condensation methods .........................................................................................................................7� 4.3.2� Particle size classification ................................................................................................................. 11� 4.4� Generating polydisperse aerosols .................................................................................................... 11� 4.5� Neutralisation of aerosols .................................................................................................................. 11� 4.6� Minimum performance parameters for aerosol generators ........................................................... 12� 4.7� Sources of error .................................................................................................................................. 12� 4.8� Maintenance and inspection .............................................................................................................. 12� 5� Measuring devices .............................................................................................................................. 12� 5.1� Optical particle counters .................................................................................................................... 12� 5.1.1� Operation ............................................................................................................................................. 12� 5.1.2� Minimum performance parameters ................................................................................................... 13� 5.1.3� Sources of error and limit errors ....................................................................................................... 14� 5.1.4� Maintenance and inspection .............................................................................................................. 14� 5.1.5� Calibration ........................................................................................................................................... 14 � 5.2� Condensation nucleus counter ......................................................................................................... 14� 5.2.1� Operation ............................................................................................................................................. 14� 5.2.2� Minimum performance parameters ................................................................................................... 16� 5.2.3� Sources of error and limit errors ....................................................................................................... 16� 5.2.4� Maintenance and inspection .............................................................................................................. 17� 5.2.5� Calibration ........................................................................................................................................... 17 � 5.3� Differential mobility analyser ............................................................................................................. 17� 5.3.1� Operation ............................................................................................................................................. 17� 5.3.2� Minimum performance parameters ................................................................................................... 18� 5.3.3� Sources of error and limit errors ....................................................................................................... 18� 5.3.4� Maintenance and inspection .............................................................................................................. 19� 5.3.5� Calibration ........................................................................................................................................... 19 � 5.4� Particle size analysis system on the basis of differential mobility analysis ................................ 19� 5.4.1� Operation ............................................................................................................................................. 19� 5.4.2� Minimum performance parameters ................................................................................................... 19� 5.4.3� Sources of errors and error limits ..................................................................................................... 19� 5.4.4� Maintenance and inspection .............................................................................................................. 19� 5.4.5� Calibration ........................................................................................................................................... 19 � 5.5� Dilution systems ................................................................................................................................. 20� 5.5.1� Operation ............................................................................................................................................. 20� 5.5.2� Minimum performance parameters ................................................................................................... 20� 5.5.3� Sources of error and limit errors ....................................................................................................... 20� 5.5.4� Maintenance and inspection .............................................................................................................. 20� 5.6� Differential pressure measuring equipment .................................................................................... 20� 5.7� Absolute pressure measuring equipment ........................................................................................ 21� 5.8� Thermometers ..................................................................................................................................... 21� 5.9� Hygrometer .......................................................................................................................................... 21� 6� Maintenance and inspection intervals .............................................................................................. 21� 7� Particle counting statistics ................................................................................................................ 23� Bibliography ..................................................................................................................................................... 25 Li ce ns ed C op y: W an g Bi n, IS O /E XC HA NG E CH IN A ST AN DA RD S, 1 8/ 03 /2 01 0 03 :1 3, U nc on tro lle d Co py , (c ) B SI BS EN 1822-2:2009 EN 1822-2:2009 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1822-2:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 195 “Air filters for general air cleaning”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 1822-2:1998. It is dealing with the performance testing of efficient particulate air filters (EPA), high efficiency particulate air filters (HEPA) and ultra low penetration air filters (ULPA) at the manufacturers site. EN 1822, High efficiency air filters (EPA, HEPA and ULPA), consists of the following parts:  Part 1: Classification, performance testing, marking  Part 2: Aerosol production, measuring equipment, particle counting statistics  Part 3: Testing flat sheet filter media  Part 4: Determining leakage of filter elements (scan method)  Part 5 : Determining the efficiency of filter elements This European Standard is based on particle counting methods which actually cover most needs of different applications. The difference between this European Standard and its previous edition lies in the addition of:  an alternative test method for using a solid, instead of a liquid, test aerosol;  a method for testing and classification of filters made out of membrane type filter media;  a method for testing and classification filters made out of synthetic fibre media; and  an alternative method for leak testing of group H filters with other than panel shape. Beside that, various editorial corrections have been implemented. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Li ce ns ed C op y: W an g Bi n, IS O /E XC HA NG E CH IN A ST AN DA RD S, 1 8/ 03 /2 01 0 03 :1 3, U nc on tro lle d Co py , (c ) B SI BS EN 1822-2:2009 EN 1822-2:2009 (E) 4 Introduction As decided by CEN/TC 195, this European Standard is based on particle counting methods which actually cover most needs of different applications. The difference between this European Standard and previous national standards lies in the technique used for the determination of the integral efficiency. Instead of mass relationships, this technique is based on particle counting at the most penetrating particle size (MPPS), which is for micro-glass filter mediums usually in the range of 0,12 µm to 0,25 µm. For Membrane filter media, separate rules apply; see EN 1822-5:2009, Annex A. This method also allows testing ultra low penetration air filters, which was not possible with the previous test methods because of their inadequate sensitivity. Li ce ns ed C op y: W an g Bi n, IS O /E XC HA NG E CH IN A ST AN DA RD S, 1 8/ 03 /2 01 0 03 :1 3, U nc on tro lle d Co py , (c ) B SI BS EN 1822-2:2009 EN 1822-2:2009 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard applies to efficient particulate air filters (EPA), high efficiency particulate air filters (HEPA) and ultra low penetration air filters (ULPA) used in the field of ventilation and air conditioning and for technical processes, e.g. for applications in clean room technology or pharmaceutical industry. It establishes a procedure for the determination of the efficiency on the basis of a particle counting method using a liquid (or alternatively a solid) test aerosol, and allows a standardized classification of these filters in terms of their efficiency, both local and integral efficiency. This European Standard describes the measuring instruments and aerosol generators used in the course of this testing. With regard to particle counting it specifies the statistical basis for the evaluation of counts with only small numbers of counted events. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1822-1:2009, High efficiency air filters (EPA, HEPA and ULPA) — Part 1: Classification, performance testing, marking EN 1822-3, High efficiency air filters (EPA, HEPA and ULPA) — Part 3: Testing flat sheet filter media EN 14799:2007, Air filters for general air cleaning — Terminology 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 14799:2007 apply. 4 Aerosol production 4.1 General When testing a filter a test aerosol with liquid particles shall be used as reference test method and as defined in EN 1822-1. Alternatively, a solid PSL aerosol can be used for local efficiency (leak) testing (see EN 1822- 4:2009, Annex D). The testing of high-performance filters (U16 and U17) requires methods of aerosol production with high production rates (1010 s -1 to 1011 s -1 ), in order to provide statistically significant measurements downstream of the filter. By adjusting the operating parameters of the aerosol generator it shall be possible to adjust the mean particle diameter of the aerosol so that it is equal to the MPPS. The concentration and the size distribution of the aerosol produced shall remain constant throughout the test. 4.2 Aerosol substances A suitable aerosol substance for the reference test method is a liquid with a vapour pressure which is so low at the ambient temperature that the size of the droplets produced does not change significantly due to evaporation over the time scale relevant for the test procedure (typically max. 5 s). Li ce ns ed C op y: W an g Bi n, IS O /E XC HA NG E CH IN A ST AN DA RD S, 1 8/ 03 /2 01 0 03 :1 3, U nc on tro lle d Co py , (c ) B SI BS EN 1822-2:2009 EN 1822-2:2009 (E) 6 Possible substances include but are not limited to:  DEHS;  PAO;  Paraffin oil (low viscosity). The most critical properties of a possible aerosol substance are:  Index of refraction;  Vapour pressure;  Density; which should not differ too much from the values given for the three substances suggested in Table 1. NOTE Standard laboratory safety regulations should be observed when handling these substances. It should be ensured by means of suitable exhaust systems and air-tight aerosol ducting systems that the test aerosols are not inhaled. In case of doubt the safety data sheets for the appropriate substances should be consulted. Li ce ns ed C op y: W an g Bi n, IS O /E XC HA NG E CH IN A ST AN DA RD S, 1 8/ 03 /2 01 0 03 :1 3, U nc on tro lle d Co py , (c ) B SI BS EN 1822-2:2009 EN 1822-2:2009 (E) 7 Table 1 — Important data for aerosol substances at 20 °C DEHS PAO a Paraffin oil (low visc.) Chemical designation Sebacic acid-bis(2- ethylhexyl) ester Poly-Alpha-Olephin (e.g. CAS b No. 68649-12-7) Mixture (e.g. CAS # 64742-46-7) Trivial name Diethylhexylsebacyte Polyalphaolefin Paraffinoil Density (kg/m3) 912 800 – 820 (820 c) 843 Melting point (K) 225 ~ 280 259 Boiling point (K) 529 650 – 780 (674 c) Flash point (K) > 473 445 – 500 453 Vapour pressure at 293 K (µPa) 1,9 100 – 130 Dynamic viscosity (kg/m s) 0,022 to 0,024 0,003 1 – 0,004 at 373 K (0,013 at 313 K c)