绍兴的英语介绍

绍兴的英语介绍ShaoxingisthehometownofmanyceleberitesinChinesehistory.InShaoxing’shistory,therehavebeenmanycelebrities,likeLuXun,afamousnovelistwhohasaveryimportantstatusinculturalhistoryofChina,andtherearealsomanyscientists.TherearemanykindsofoperasinShaoxingwhichareveryfamousinChina.SoithasabigpartinShaoxingculturehistorywhichincludesYueopera,Shaoxingopera.Yueoperaisthesecondlargestoneinchina.Theseoperasareverypopulartolocalresidents.HistoricalEvolutionThecityofShaoxingisoneofthefirst24famoushistoric-culturalcitiesofChinaannouncedbytheStateCouncilofChina.In2070B.C.,YutheGreatgatheredandawardedhundredsofofficersinKuaijiMountainofShaoxingandthensetupthefirstdynastyXiaDynastyinChinesehistory.DuringtheAgeofSpringandAutumn,about2500yearsago,YueStatelocateditscapitalinShaoxing.Sincethen,Shaoxinghasnourishedagreatmanycelebrities.YutheGreat,AncestoroftheChineseNation,GouJian,KingoftheYueState,LuYou,agreatpatrioticpoet,painters--XuWei,ZhaoZhiqianandRenBonian;inlatehistory,CaiYuanpei,LuXun,QiuJin,XuXilin,TaoChengzhang,ZhouEnlai,MaYinchu,ZhuKezhenetc.areallcelebritiesofShaoxing,soChairmanMaodescribeditasthecityofcelebrities.ThefamousscenicspotsinShaoxingshowtheintegrationofa4000-year-historyandcivilizationofChina,classicarchitecturalcultureandlandscapeofthewatercountryofsouthernChina,anddepictasplendidhistoricpicture.Therearecountlessbeautifullandscapesandrichculturalrelics,suchasKuaijiMountain,TheMausoleumofYutheGreat,theformerresidenceofLuXun,EastLake,theOrchidPavilion,theKeyanScenicSpot,theGreatBuddhisttemple,FiveWaterfallinZhuji,theancienttrackroad,circlingriveraroundthecity,theShenFamilyGarden,theancestralresidenceofZhouEnlaietc.Shaoxinghasbeenlongrenownedforbeingthetownofcanals,bridges,YellowWineandorchids.ItiscalculatedthatShaoxingreceived100millionvisitorsin2003.GuKaizhi,thegreatpainterofJinDynasty,describedthefeaturingsceneryofmountainsandwaterofShaoxingas:"hundredsofrockscompelinginelegance,whilethousandsofriversrunforflowing.Thegreentreesandplantsareshadowingthemountains,likerosycloudsrising."CelebritiesShaoxingiswell-knownastheCityofCelebrities.InancientChina,therewereYutheGreat,theKingofYueState,andWangXizhi,knownastheSageofCalligraphy.InmodernChina,ShaoxingiswhereLuXun,QiuJin,CaiYuanpei,ZhouEnlaiandotherfamouspeoplelivedorworked.TheformerresidencesofthesecelebritiesandtheirfamilieshavebecomeverypopularattractionsinShaoxing.OrientalVeniceShaoxing'swebofriversandlakesextendstomostofitsvillageswherehousesofpinkwallsandblacktilesareeitherbuiltonwatersideoronthetwobanksofrivers.Housesstandingonbothbanksofriversandbustlingtrafficonthelane-shapednarrowwaterwayscreatethespecialfeelerof"smallbridgescrossingflowingwatertoarriveatprosperoushomes."SailingonriversamidtreesandbambootreesareWupengboats,knownforthedark-paintedcoveroverthemini-sizedboatsandpaddledbymenwithbothhandsandonefoot.Thereareover10,000bridgesofdifferentshapesandexceptionalfeaturesinShaoxing,whichisrenownedasthemuseumofbridges.Ofthesebridges,themostfamousoneisBaziBridge,builtinSouthernSongDynasty(1127-1279)andclaimedtobethefirstflyoverinChina.HometownofBridgeBaZiBridgeBaZiBridge(whichshapeslikeaChinese"八"--eight)issituatedattheeasternendofBaziqiaoZhijiestreet,whichisastonebeambridgeoftheSongDynasty.Theheightandwhichoftheprimarybridgeopeningare4.60mand4.50mrespectively,andthoseofthesecondary,2.13mand3.05m.GuangningBridgeGuangningBridgeissituatedonGuangningqiaoZhijieStreetintheurbandistrictofShaoxingCity,crossingtheCaoheRiver,whichwasrebuiltinthesecondyear(1574)duringthereignofWanliDynasty.Itisnorth-southdirectionalseven-sidedstonearchbridgewithasingleopening.Thetotallengthofthebridgeis57.2m,thenetspan5.7m,andthenetbreadth3.8m.Oneachoftheinnersidesofbothbridgeseatathereis0.5mwidetowpath.GuangxiangBridgeGuangxiangBridgeliesbythenorthwestsideoftheurbandistrictinShaoxingCity,crossingtheCityMoat,constructedinthefirstyear(1341)duringthereignofZhiZhengsouthdirectionalstonearchbridgewithasingleopening,whosetotallengthis30.28m,breadth6.90m,andrise4.35m.Thereare23stepsrespectivelysetonbothendsofthebridge.RiceWineShaoxingisoneoffiveChinesecitiesfamousforwines.Shaoxinghasahistoryofabout2,500yearsmakingyellow-coloredricewine,whichislabeledasZhuangyuanhong(TheTopRed),Jiafan(RicePlus),Shanniang(TheExcellence)andXiangxue(FragrantSnow).Crowned"TheBestWineinAsia",theShaoxingwineinthebrandof(juYueLongShanisnowincludedinthewinelistofstatebanquetshostedbycentralgovernmentleaders.TheleadingproducerandexporterofricewineinChina,Shaoxingmakes250,000tonsofwineayear.Shaoxingboasts2,500-yearhistoryinwinebrewing.Accordingto"TheSpringandAutumnCollection",localpeoplebrewedricewineasearlyasinthespringandAutumnPeriod.ThestoryoftheRiverToulao(riverpouredoverwithwine)isagoodproof.InAD473,therulerGouJianoftheStateofYuewasabouttoleadanarmytoabattlewiththeStateofWuforredressingtheten-yearlonghumiliationofdefeat.Onthedayofdeparture,hepouredthemellowwinehiscountrymenofferedhimintoariverand,togetherwiththerankandfile,hesetondrinking.Deeplymoved,thearmyfoughtwithheartandsoul,andwonanenormousvictory.Fromthislegend,wegetthenameToulaoforariver,whichislocatednowadaysinthesouthofthecityproper.IntheSouthernandNortherndynasties,yellowrice-winewasanarticleoftributeand,duringtheTangandSongdynasties,brewingtechniquewentsophisticateddaybydayandthefameofyellowrice-winespreadfarandwide.AttheSoutheastAsiaExpoof1910,atthePanama-PacificInt'lExpoSanFranciscoof1915andattheWestLakeExpoHangzhouin1925,Shaoxingwinecameawayeitherwithasuperawardoragoldmedal.SincetheestablishmentofnewChina,ithasbeenamongthetopeighteenChinesewinesandliquors,andateachnationalappraisal,itishonoredwithagoldqualityaward.In1985,itwonthegoldmedalatawineandliquorcontestheldinMadrid,Spain.Thebasicingredientsincludechoicewhitenon-glutinousriceandtopwheatwithwaterfromthelucidJianhuRiver.Withdifferentcomplimentarymaterialsanddifferentbrewingtechniques,weareabletoobtainJiafan,Yuanhong,Xiangxueandsoon,eachwithauniqueflavorandallbeingtopbeverages.Thericewinecanalsobeusedindishestoheightentheflavor.TraditionalChinesemedicinessteepedinShaoxingwinepossessidealcurativeeffects.Thewineisexportedtosome30countriesandregions,anditsexportvolumehasbeenatthetopofalltheexportedricewinesinChina.ShaoxingOperaComparedwithimpassionedShaojuOpera,YueOperaisfamousforitsmorbidezza.DuringtheTongzhiPeriodoftheQingDynasty,YueOperaappearedinsomeruralareasofShaoxing.Shengxian(nowitiscalledShengzhou)isoneoftheseareas.AfterthefoundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChina,YueOperawaswelldevelopedandbecameanoperaofnationalrenownsecondonlytoBeijingOpera.YueOperahasvariousschools;eachhasitsstrongpoint.MainlythereareschoolsofWang,Xu,Fan,Jin(namedafterthefamilynameofthefounder),andarefamousallovertheworld.Therearemorethan600famousplays;amongthemareLiangShanboandZhuYingtai,DreamoftheRedChamber,JadeHairpin,MengLijun,PearlTower.InShengzhou,amuseumofYueOperalaysoutthedevelopmentcourseoftheopera.YuejuOpera,ShaojuOpera,XinchangTiaoqiangandShaoxingLianhualaoareprevailinglocalartperformancesinthecity.YuejuisthesecondmostpopularoperainChina,onlyafterthePekingOpera.ThemostpopularYuejuplaysinclude"ADreamofRedMansions"and"ButterflyLovers”.ShaoxinghasestablishedspecialfundstoencouragethedevelopmentofShaojuandYuejuoperas.HometownofCalligraphyChinesecalligraphy,whichishandwritingwithaChinesewritingbrush,isoneofChina'straditionalartforms.Practicingcalligraphy,oneneedtopayattentiontothecorrectwayofholdingthebrush,theprinciplesofputtingdowntheeightbasicstrokes,i.e.,dotstrokes,horizontalstrokes,verticalstokes,risingstrokes,left-fallingstrokes,right-fallingstrokes,hookstrokesturningstrokes,andtheoverallstructureandpositioningofthetopsandbottoms,theleftandtherightsides,andtheinnerandtheouterpartsofeachindividualcharacter.CalligraphyasanartformhasaverylonghistoryinChina.Originatingfrompictographs,theChinesescriptgraduallyevolvedintodifferentstylesofwriting:sealcharacters,officialscript,regularorformalscript,runninghand,cursivehand,etc.ManydistinguishedcalligraphershaveemergedinthehistoryofChinesecalligraphy,eachwithhisowndistinctivestyle,whichisoftenthereflectionofhisindividualtemperamentandcharacter.Thisaccountsforthepopularsaying:"Thehandwritingmirrorsthewriter."WangXizhiisoneoftherenownedcalligraphersinthehistory.Hishandwriting,knownasthe"styleofwang"bringstomindtheimageoffloatingcloudsinthesky,oraflyingdragononarampagethroughspace.Attheageofseven,WangXizhibegantolearncalligraphyundertheguideofafemalecalligrapherMadameWei.Hewassoonsodeeplyinvolvedinitthatwhilehewaswalking,hewouldoftenponderoverthestructureofawordandhowtomanipulatethebrush.Meanwhile,hewouldexecutethevariousstrokesonhisbody,untilfinallyhisclotheswerewornthroughfromincessantpractice.EverytimeWangXizhifinishedwriting,hewouldwashthebrushandinkslabinthepondinfrontofhishouse,gradually,theclearwaterturntobeink-black.Throughyearsofdiligentandunremittingpractice,WangXizhibecamethemostoutstandingcalligrapherinthehistoryofChinesecalligraphy.HeandhisyoungestsonWangXianzhiwereknownas"thetwoWangs".HistoryaboundswiththestoriesaboutWangXizhi.Once,WangXizhipassedbyastonebridgeinShaoxing,hesawaoldwomanwassellingherbamboofans,fromhergloomyanddepressedface,heguessedthatseldomofpeoplewouldbuyherfans.WangXizhitoldtheoldladythatifhewroteafewwordonit,itwouldattractmanybuyers.Trustinghimtobeakind-heartedperson,theoldwomanhandedhimallfans.ThenWangXizhiwroteoneachfansomewords,andhetoldthewomentosellthefansandtellpeoplethesewerefanswithWangXizhi'shandwriting.Itdidwork,onhearingthatthefansboretheinscriptionofWangXizhi,peopleclamoredtobuythem.Inpresent-dayShaoxing,thereisastone-archbridgewhichisbelievedtobetheveryonewhereWangXizhiinscribedthefans,itiscalled"Fan-inscribingBridge."Anotherstorygoeslikethis,aTaoistpriesthadlongwishedtohaveacopyofDaodejinginthecalligraphyofWangXizhi.HeraisedaflockofwhitegeeseinapondforheheardthatWangXizhiwasfondofwhitegeesebecauseoftheirnobleandunsulliedcharacter,correctanduprightdeportmentandloud,resonantvoice.Oneday,whenWangXizhihappenedtopassbythepondwheretheTaoistpriestraisedthegeese,thebeautifulsceneoftheemeraldpondandthegeeseplayinginitattractedhim.HeaskedtheTaoistpriesttosellthegeesetohim,withoutreply,theTaoistpriesttookoutascrollofpaperandsaid,"IwillsendyouallthesegeeseontheconditionthatyouwritemeacopyofDaodejing."WangXizhiacceptedthissuggestionhappilyandimmediatelywriteacopyofthebookfortheTaoistpriest."Today,intheLantingParkoutsidethetownofShaoxing,thesideofgooseponderectedastonetablet.OnthetabletinscribedtwoChinesecharacters,theequivalentoftheEnglishterm"goosepond",ofwhichthefirstwordissaidtobewrittenbyWangXizhiandthesecondbyhisyoungestsonWangXianzhi.HometownofNotablesCalled"HomeofNotables"byMaoZedong,Shaoxingisaplaceindeedwithpeopleoftalentcomingforthinlargenumbers,wheretherewere27personsofZhuangYuan(No.1Scholar,whocamefirstplaceinthepalace-examination),2,238personsofJinShi(successfulcandidateinthepalace-examination)intheancienttimes,therehavebeen52academiciansofthetwoacademiesofChinaaswellasover800researchersandprofessorsinthecontemporaryera.,whoareShaoxingese.Ofthem,someweregreatrespectedmasters,somesetexamplestothemasses,andfromgenerationtogeneration,therewasnolackofpersonswhosewordswereguidelinesforscholarsandactionswereexamplesofsociety.TherewerenotonlysuchpoliticiansasGouJian,suchadviserasFanLi,butalsoHeZhizhang,afamouspoet,LuYou,apatrioticpoet,XuWei,amonsterscaryintheliteraryworld,PaintersandcalligraphersChenHongshou,ZhaoZhiqian,RenBolian,moderntimes'democraticrevolutionariesQiuJin,XuXilinandTaoChengzhang,giantinacademicciralesCaiYuanpei,greatmasterinliteratureLuXun,aswellasscientistsZhuKezhen,ChenJiangong,historianFanWenlan,economistMaYinchuandsoon.Also,ShaoxingistheoriginalfamilyhomeofZhouEnlai,agreatmanofourtime.Takinganexcursion,payingvisitstohistoricalsitesandrecallingwiseandablepersonsofthepastwouldreallyrespectandadmirethem,andmovedandinspiredendlessly.ZhouEnlaiMaYinchuCaiYuanpeiQiuJin