当代高职高专英语第二册 教案 unit3

当代高职高专英语第二册 教案 unit3 Unit One Holidays Teaching Objective: practise the listening and speaking; practice reading skills: improving your concentration and make the students know how to read a text effectively; help them master the format of a letter of congratulation Teaching focus: the key language points and grammatical structures in the text; the various writing techniques employed by the writer Teaching difficulties: some complicated sentences and expressions; the summary of the text Teaching Procedures: daily report, lead-in, listening, reading, translation, writing, homework Stage1 Daily Report Ask the student on duty to make a daily report, encouraging him or her to speak more about education. While listening, the students make some notes. Then ask some students to retell what the reporter said. Stage2 Lead in Step1 Culture background OFFICIAL CHINESE HOLIDAYS 1. New Year?s Day (January 1): It is not as much celebrated as it is in other parts of the word. How ever, employees will enjoy a paid day off. And there will be parties everywhere, in parks, dancing halls and universities where students will leave for the winter vacation. 2. International Women?s Day (March 8): Interestingly, women employees will get a whole or a half paid day off on the day. 3. Tree-Planting Day (March 12): It has been established and highly promoted since the late 1970?s by the government. It marks the beginning of a greening campaign all over the country during the month each year. 4. International Labor Day (May 1): It?s no less celebrated than the New Year?s Day. Employees will enjoy three paid days off. Celebration parties in parks take the place of parades today. 5.Youth Day (May 4): A day in memory of the first mass student movement in 1919, a movement touched off by the then Chinese government that gave in to the Japanese government?s attempt to colonize Shandong Province. It is also an anti-Confucius movement as well as the one that promoted the Western scientific and democratic ideas. The government organizes youth activities everywhere in the country today, which characterizes the celebration of this day. 6. Children?s Day (June 1) It is the most memorable day of the Chinese kids all over the country. Almost all entertainment places such as cinemas, parks, children?s museums and palaces are open to them free of charge. Elementary schools throw celebration parties while parents give them presents. 7. The CCP?s Birthday (July 1): It marked the founding of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in 1921 in Shanghai. It is usually characterized by the running of front page editorials from the major national newspapers. 8. Army?s Day (August 1): A communist-led army staged the first armed uprising in the Chinese communist history against the Nationalists on August 1, 1927. It was regarded as the beginning of the Red Army (later the People?s Liberation Army). Now the anniversary is often used to promote better relationships between the army and civilians. 9. Teacher?s Day (September 10): It was started in the mid-eighties as an effort to promoter the government?s program to respect teachers. Now, it is yet to become an established holiday. 10. National Day (October 1): It is the anniversary of the founding of the People?s Republic of China in 1949. There used to be grand parades on the squares of major cities of the country. Now the celebration are usually organized in the form of parties in amusement parks by day and lighting fireworks and grand TV ensembles during the evening, People enjoy three paid days off. It is also a good occasion for many people to take a short excursion to enjoy the beauty of the golden fall. CHINESE TRADITIONAL HOLIDAYS The calendar the Chinese traditional holidays follow is of a unique lunar-solar system. Therefore, 1st of the 1st lunar month referred here does not necessarily mean January 1. 1. Spring Festival / Chinese New Year (1st of the 1st lunar month ): It is the biggest and most celebrated festival in China and part of the East and Southeast Asia. The celebration of the Chinese New Year may last only a few days including the New Year?s Eve. The New Year season actually starts from the 15th of the last month and ends at the 15th of the first month of the new year. 2. Lantern Festival (15th of the 1st lunar month): Lantern exhibits, lion and dragon dances, and eating Tangyuan (ball-shaped boiled sweet rice dumplings with delicious stuffing) feature this day. It is very much celebrated in the rural areas by farmers. The Lantern Festival also marks the end of the Chinese New Year season. 3. Qing Ming (Pure & Bright in Chinese ) / Tomb-sweeping Day (April 4 or 5:Fifth of the 24 Solar Terms): Originally it was a celebration of spring. People used to go out on an excursion to “tread grass”. Later, it became the day dedicated to the dear who have passed away. Tidying up ancestors? tombs is its major event. 4.Duan Wu / Dragon Boat Festival (5th of the lunar month): It is said to be a great patriotic poet of the State of Chu during the Warring States period (475-221 B.C.), Qu Yuan, who drowned himself to protest his emperor who gave in to the aggressive stare of Qin. 5. The Seventh Eve / Double Seventh Day (7th of the lunar month): It is a traditional holiday almost lost to the younger generations today. It originates from a beautiful legend about a cowboy and a fairy who were cruelly separated and reunited once each yea on this happy, sad occasion. It is regarded as the Chinese Valentine?s Day. 6. Mid-Autumn Festival (15th of the 8th lunar month): It is second only to the Chinese New Year in significance. The moon on this day is the fullest and largest to the eye. Viewing it by the whole family while feasting on good wine, fruits and moon-cakes features the night event. There is also a beautiful story behind it. Children are there?s fairy in the moon living in a spacious but cold crystal palace with her sole companion, a jade rabbit. Step2 Topics for discussion 1. T gives the following question and asks Ss discuss them in groups Q: What is the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival? 2. Show their work Let each group share their opinions with others. While listening, the listeners should take some notes, then retell and share. 3. Summarize The teacher summarizes the Ss? job, making some comments. Then write down the useful words and expressions needed. Stage3 Listening Step1 Activity 1 Affirmative and negative 1. Listen to the statements only once and choose A, B, C or D which is the closest in meaning to the statement you hear. 2. Two Ss write their answers on the Bb. 3. Check the answers together. Listen to the tape while checking if necessary. Step 2 Activity 2 Conversations 1. Listen to the conversations just only once and then decide whether the statements below are true, false or not mentioned according to the conversations you hear. 2. Two Ss write their answers on the Bb. 3. Check the answers together. Listen to the tape while checking if necessary. Step 3 Activity3 Passage 1. Listen to the passage twice and then decide on the appropriate answer to each of the questions. 2. Two Ss write their answers on the Bb. 3. Check the answers together. Listen to the tape while checking if necessary. Stage4 Reading Step1 pre-reading 1. T introduces the new vocabulary such as fall on, commemorate, glutinous, filling and lunar at the beginning. 2. Ask students to work in groups to discuss the custom and celebrations of Dragon Boat Festival. 3. T then asks some Ss to answer the questions and puts the key points as the gist of the story or the framework of the text on the board. Step2 reading comprehension 1. Have the Ss read Text B in 7 minutes and do the reading comprehension to test whether to understand the text 2. Calls on volunteers or a few students to tell the answer and then helps the students identify the main idea of the text. Step3 language points 1. Officially falling on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, the Dragon Boat Festival is also known as Double Fifth Day. (Para. 1) fall on是短语动词，在此示“适逢(某日)，正当(某日)”的意思。 e.g. National Day falls on Sunday this year. The Double Seventh Festival falls on the 7th day of the 7th lunar month. falling on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month是现在分词短语作原因状语，相当于 as it falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month。作原因状语的分词短语常位于主 语之前。 e.g. Living in the country (= As we lived in the country), we had few amusements. Not knowing what to do ( = As I did not know what to do), I telephoned the police. be known as是一个固定词组，意为“以„„闻名，通常名叫”。 e.g. He was best known as a painter. Samuel Clemens, known as Mark Twain, is a famous American writer. 2. While there are many stories about its origin, the most popular and widely accepted one is Qu Yuan, a minister during the Warring States Period (475 - 221 B.C.). (Para. 1) 连接副词while表示“although / though”的意思。 e.g. While the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them. a minister during the Warring States Period是Qu Yuan的同位语，用来说明屈原的 身份。 The Warring States Period:战国时代 (公元前475 - 221 年)。 3. He did much to fight against the corruption that troubled the court—thereby earning the envy and fear of other officials. (Para. 2) fight against是短语动词，表示“与„„对抗”的意思。 e.g. During all her life she fought against racism. earn在此表示“赢得，获得，由于某种效果或行动而所得的或应该得到”的意思。 e.g. She earned a reputation as a hard worker. His brave act earned him the name of a hero. 但是，在本文中，earn后跟的宾语是the envy and fear of other officials，因此earn 在此可译为“招来，招致”。 4. Therefore, when he urged the emperor to avoid conflict with the Qin Kingdom, the officials pressured the Emperor to have him removed from service. (Para. 2) urge sb. to do sth.是一个常见的句型，意为“催促/力劝某人做某事”。 e.g. She urges me to take steps in the matter. Mother urged her son to study painting. avoid后可接名词、代词或动名词，但是不可接动词不定式。 e.g. To avoid confusion, the teams wore different colors. She?s just avoiding meeting him. 因为跟在avoid之后，所以本文中的conflict是名词。conflict既可作名词，也可 作动词，与with连用后表示“与„„有冲突”。 e.g. She is in conflict with her employer over sick pay. 5. As he was so loved by the people, fishermen rushed out in long boats, beating drums to scare the fish away, and throwing zongzi into the water to feed braver fish so that they would not eat Qu Yuan?s body. (Para. 3) , and throwing„是现在分词短语作状语，表示伴随情况。 后半句beating„ 6. Starting from that time to this day, people commemorate Qu Yuan through the Dragon Boat Races, eating zongzi, and organizing several other activities, on the anniversary of his death: the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. (Para. 4) starting from that time to this day是现在分词短语作时间状语，相当于After people started from that time to this day。现在分词短语作时间状语一般位于主句之前。 e.g. Opening the door, I saw a stranger standing outside the door. (= When I opened the door, I saw a stranger standing outside the door.) 固定to this day是固定短语，表示“至今”。例如: To this day I don?t know exactly what started the fight. To this day these proposals haven?t met with any response from them. 7. Ranging anywhere from 40 to 100 feet in length, their heads are shaped like open-mouthed dragons, while the sterns end with a scaly tail. (Para. 5) range from „ to „是一个固定的动词结构，表示“从„„到„„的范围内”。 e.g. „Prices ranged from 5 dollars to 10 dollars. This kind of fish ranges in length from 9 to 14 feet. in length是固定短语，表示长度 e.g. The boat is 16 feet in length. 8. Depending on the length, up to 80 rowers can power the boat. (Para. 5) depending on the length是现在分词短语作原因状语。意为depend on意为“依赖， 依靠”。 e.g. Children shouldn?t always depend on their parents. I haven?t a car; I have to depend on the buses. up to是固定搭配，意为“(数目)达到„„之多”。 e.g. This classroom can hold up to 100 students. Children were forced to work up to 16 hours a day in the factory before liberation. power意为“给„„提供动力，用动力发动”，up to 80 rowers can power the boat 意思是“最多可以有80个划手来划船”。 9. Races can have any number of boats competing, with the winner being the first team to grab a flag at the end of the course. (Para. 5) with the winner being the first team to grab a flag at the end of the course是独立主格 结构表示伴随情况，the winner是独立主格结构的逻辑主语。介词with和without 引导的介词短语经常可以用来作独立主格结构表示伴随情况。 e.g. The boy just sat there with his mouth open. The boy just sat there without his mother being with him. the course指的是龙舟比赛路线。 10. Another aspect of the Double Fifth Day is the timing: at the beginning of summer, when diseases are likely to strike, people also wear talisman to fend off evil spirits. (Para. 7) be likely to do sth.是固定搭配，表示“很可能做某事”。 e.g. They are likely to become angry with him. The train is likely to be late. 11. It is said that if you can balance a raw egg on its end at exactly noon on the Double Fifth Day, the rest of the year will be lucky. (Para. 7) it be said that „是一个很常用的句型，表示“据说„„”。 e.g. It was said that the president received an anonymous letter last week. It is said that there is a lecture this afternoon. balance a raw egg on its end意思是“把一个生鸡蛋竖着放而不倒”;on (its) end表 示“竖着”的意思。 e.g. If you stand the sofa on its end, you can get it through the door. Step4 summary T will review the passage briefly by asking questions and drawing a chart on the board. Then I will ask the students to summarize the passage with the help of the chart in pairs.. Stage5 translation 宾语从句可以分为两种:一种是动词引导的宾语从句;另一种是介词引导的宾语 从句。 1. 动词引导的宾语从句 翻译时，顺序一般不变。 e.g. Manure supplies what is deficient in the soil. 参考译文:肥料供给土壤所缺乏的成分。 2. 介词引导的宾语从句 介词宾语从句前面的介词可能和动词、形容词或副词有关。翻译时，顺序一般不 变。: e.g. Men differ from brutes in that they can think and speaks. :in之后如果跟有宾语从句，常常可译成原因状语从句，用因为„，在于„， 是因为„等词译出。 参考译文:人与兽的区别，就在于人有思维而且会说话。 3. 直接引语作宾语 从句翻译时引号保留，把逗号一律改为冒号。 e.g. The law of conservation and transformation of energy states that energy is indestructible and the total amount of energy in the universe is constant. 分析:以that引导的宾语从句为普遍真理及一般规律时，或是某一规律及定义所 阐述的内容时，有时也可以在句首加冒号译出。 参考译文:能量守恒和转换定律说明:能量是不灭的，宇宙间能量的总量和是不 变的。 Stage6 writing Step1 Introduction about letters of invitation There are many occasions, whether major or minor, to which we will invite family and friends. Invitations can range from a casual one to a formal one according to the relationship you have with the invitees and situations. Formal invitations are engraved y-line styles, and are phrased in the or printed on fine-quality notepaper, use line-b third person. The letter of invitation is less formal, in which people can give more details about the activity. . Step2 Tips on writing 1. Generally begin your letter with a warm, personal greeting. 2. Identify the event and the purpose of the event. 3. Indicate the date, time, and location of the event and any other important information. 4. If there is a cost for attending the event, include the amount. 5. Include a request for readers to respond to the invitation by a specific date. 6. Close by expressing your expectation that the event will be a success and your hope that the person to whom you are writing will be able to attend. Step3 Practise Ask students write a letter of congratulations in no than 70 words to foreign experts in your college invite them to the dinner party on Friday evening. Stage7 homework Do the exercises about part 5 and review the whole unit