文化对感知的影响

文化对感知的影响 摘要 人们生活在不同的文化熔炉中,学习不同的语言,经历着不同的事情,形成了不同的审美观念,最重要的是人们有了对世界的不同的感知。本论文通过对中西方在不同文化影响下从而形成不同感知的研究,提出了文化对感知的重要影响,不同的文化可能会使人们用不同的方式去感知世界却得到相同的结论。不同的文化也可能会使人们用想同的方式去感知世界却得到相同的结论。从这一角度来说,人们应该充分认识文化对感知的影响,并做到有的放矢,有效利用,让文化帮助人们真实地感知这个世界。 关键词:文化;感知 The Effect of Culture on Perception Abstract People live in the different furnaces of culture, learn different languages, experience different things, form different aesthetic senses and above all have different perception of the world. This thesis discusses that culture has an important effect on perception by studying Westerners and Easterners’ different cultures and different perceptions. Different culture can make people perceive the world differently, but have the same conclusion. Different cultures can also make people perceive the world in the same way, but have a complete different conclusion. The conclusion is that people should make full consciousness of this mutual effect, and make good use of it. The ideal effect of culture on perception is to help people perceive the world more truly. Keywords: culture; perception Table of Contents Chapter One Introduction Chapter Two The Indirect Effect of Culture on Perception 2.1Culture and Different Groups’ Psychology 2.1.1People’ Attitude toward Their Children’s Cry 2.1.2Parents’ Attitude toward Their Children’s Fight 2.1.3Parents’ Attitude toward Their Children’s Education 2.2Perception and Different Groups’ Perception 2.2.1The Effect on Perceiving the Taste and Smell 2.2.2The Effect on Perceiving the Figures 2.2.3The Effect on Perceiving the Elders Chapter Three The Direct Effect of Culture on Perception 3.1The Perception Process 3.1.1Culture’s Effect on Selection 3.1.2Culture’s Effect on Organization 3.1.3Culture’s Effect on Interpretation Chapter Four The Retroaction of Perception on Culture 4.1The Indirect Effect of Perception on Culture 4.1.1The Effect on Language Learning 4.1.2The Effect on Individual Experience 4.1.3The Effect on People’s Emotion 4.2The Direct Effect of Perception on Culture 4.2.1Perception’s Effect on Each Culture’s Response to a Certain Pattern 4.2.2Perception’s Effect on the Value of Culture Chapter Five Conclusion Introduction As we all know, different countries have different cultures. Culture as the soul of one country, is the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of one ethnic of people from another. One country’s culture is sophisticated, profound and colorful. It covers many aspects, such as languages, emotion, practical objects and individual’s experiences. Because of these different historical backgrounds, events, places and other factor, the thinking is for the country in Eastern and in Western must be also different. People in different countries must perceive differently because of their different cultures. The thesis will be divided into three parts to discuss the effect of culture on perception and the retroaction of perception on culture. Culture affects perception directly because culture affects perception process. Every process is necessary part of perception and every part is affected by culture. Culture plays an important role in perception indirectly; People always show their perception by showing their ideas instead. They have different ideas on their children; they also have different senses on people and objects. When they perceive, they se all of their organs. Culture affects them. Perception’s effect on culture is not so obvious. People can feel it only when they find their culture changes suddenly. Marx said that” when we make good use of the effect between things, we well go on well with it; while when we ignore the mutual interdependence, matters go wrong”. The mutual effect between culture and perception just applies to it, so we must pay more attention to this mutual effect and use the effect of culture on perception to help us perceive the world as much as possible. We can see the retroaction of perception on culture to help us to enrich our culture. 2.1The Effect of Culture on Perception Culture is the combination of material property and mental property created by people. The culture we talk about usually is a traditional value system formed by a large group of people. People were born with the effect of culture, and begin the process of civilization. While perception takes place inside each individual, it is culture that primarily determines the meanings we apply to the stimuli that reach us. For example, a European coming to China for the first time may think that everyone looks the same because he sees people from the photos all have black hair and dark eyes. And from another point the culture in his country make him believe that people are all the same. After a time, when he travel around the world, and begin to perceive the world himself, he will find that all people are different. It is the same with the taste of food, the sounds of voices and the sounds of music. Our perception is molded by our home culture. 2.1.1People’s attitude toward their c hildren’s cry In different cultures, such as Western and Eastern, parents have different ways to nurture their children. In Chinese culture, parents and children have a close relationship. Parents run to hold their children in the arm and make them at ease as soon as they cry; Parents in China try their best to satisfy their children. When parents want to go out to relax or go shopping, they will take their children with them, what’s more, they are afraid that their children will be tired of such a long distance; they will carry their children on their shoulders. In Western culture, take European and America for example. There are not such occasions. The relationship between parents and children are far from close. In their mind, children’s cry is a normal way of movement, so there is no need to fuss. Parents will hold their children unless they cry in an abnormal way. From the beginning, children will have their own rooms to live apart their parents. When Western parents go out, they never take their children. It is usual not to see children in the occasion of banquet or theatre. Even if parents with their children go shopping, they hardly hold their children in the arm. This example makes us believe that culture affects our perception. 2.1.2Parents attitudes toward their child ren’s fight