英语四级2阅读练习笔记lesson5-lesson10

英语四级2阅读练习笔记lesson5-lesson10 L05-01 begin 9’43” ? Lesson 5 The facts 确切数字 【New words and expressions】 生词和短语 ?editor n. 编辑 ?extreme n. 极端 ?statistics n. 统计数字 ?journalist n. 新闻记者 ?president n. 总统 ?palace n.王宫;宏伟的住宅 ?publish v. 出版 ?fax n. 传真 ?impatient adj. 不耐烦的 ?fire v. 解雇 ?originally adv. 起初，原先，从前 ?editor n. 编辑 edit vt. 编辑 edition n.编辑 editorial adj. 编辑的，主编的;n. 社论，评论 ?extreme n. 极端 go to extreme(s) to do 走极端 Eg: He went to extreme to say that the play was the best one. He went to extremes to say that his girlfriend was the most beautiful in the world. go from one extreme to the other ?statistics n. 统计数字 ?journalist n. 新闻记者 journalist (杂志) 新闻记者 reproter (电视台) 记者 correspondent (电台)记者，通讯员 ?president n. 总统 ?palace n.王宫;宏伟的住宅 ?publish v. 出版 Eg: They have already published the magazine. = print vt. Eg: the book has already been published. The book has gone to press. ?fax n. 传真 sent a fax ?impatient adj. 不耐烦的 patient adj. 有耐心的 patiently adv. 有耐心地 impatient adj. 不耐烦的 impatiently adv. 不耐烦地 patience n. impatience ?fire v. 解雇 He was fired from his job. dismass (正式) The manager disissed him from his company. sack(俚语) vt. 解雇，辞退 Eg: If you do it wrong again you will be sacked. ?originally adv. 起初，原先，从前 original adj. 【Text】 ? Lesson 5 The facts 确切数字 Q: What was the consequence of the editor‘s insistence on facts and statistics? Editors of newspapers and magazines often go to extremes to provide their readers with unimportant facts and statistics. Last year a journalist had been instructed by a well-known magazine to write an article on the president's palace in a new African republic. When the article arrived, the editor read the first sentence and then refused to publish it. The article began: 'Hundreds of steps lead to the high wall which surrounds the president's palace.' The editor at once sent the journalist a telegram instructing him to find out the exact number of steps and the height of the wall. The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts, but he took a long time to send them. Meanwhile, the editor was getting impatient, for the magazine would soon go to press. He sent the journalist two more faxes, but received no reply. He sent yet another fax informing the journalist that if he did not reply soon he would be fired. When the journalist again failed to reply, the editor reluctantly published the article as it had originally been written. A week later, the editor at last received a telegram from the journalist. Not only had the poor man been arrested, but he had been sent to prison as well. However, he had at last been allowed to send a fax in which he informed the editor that he had been arrested while counting the 1,084 steps leading to the fifteen-foot wall which surrounded the president's palace. 【课文讲解】 go to extremes 走极端 provide = supply 给…，提供(通常与介词搭配连用) provede sb. With sth. / provide sth. for sb. He provided them with a bed for the night. He provided a bed for them for the night. instruct sb. to do sth ==tell sb. formally to do sth. 正式告诉某人做某事 ?…a journalist had been instructed by a well-known magazine to write an article on the president's palace in a new African republic.‘ 主动语态:A well-known magazine instructed a journalist to write an article on the president's palace in a new African republic.‘ The teacher instructed him to take the examination. on ==about 侧重强调课题专一 A book on radio L05-01 end 9’43” L05-02 begin 7’16” When the article arrived = When the editor received the article refuse to publish it refuse: vt. 拒绝(态度严厉) decline: vt. 婉言谢绝 repudiate: vt. 断然拒绝 which 指代the high wall instructing—现在分词进一步补充说明fax的情况 set out to do sth.==decide and try to do 决定，打算，着手做=set about doing Ega: He set out to make his first 1,000,000 in 5 years take sb. a long time to do sth. 某事花了某人很久的时间 It took me five days to write the article. two more faxes = another two faxes fail to reluctantly = unwillingly 勉勉强强地，不情愿地 as it had originally been written = in its original way L05-02 end 7’16” L05-03 begin 9’35” 倒装简述: ot only 位于句首，必须采用倒装形式 n The poor man had not only been arrested, but had been sent to prison as well. 1(否定副词位于句首，要倒装。 Never have I read such stories. 我从来没有读过这样的小说。 Nowhere can he find the book he wants. 无论在哪儿他都找不到他想要的 那本书。 Hardly did I think it possible. 我并不认为这是可能的。 常用的否定副词:never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, nowhere, no sooner 2(含有only的状语位于句首，句子要倒装 Only then did he realize that he had made a mistake.只有到那个时候，他才 认识到自己犯了个错误。 Only when a great deal more information has been obtained will it be possible to plan a trip. 只有获得比较多的信息之后，才有可能去旅行。 3(还有not的副词短语位于句首，要倒装。 not for a moment, not in the least , not for an instant, not until Not in the least is he interested in Englsh literature. 他对英国文学一点都不 感兴趣。 Not for an instant did i believe he had lied. 4(含有no的短语位于句首，句子要倒装。 at no time, in no way, in no sence, by no means, in no case, on no account, on no condition , under no circumstances.?绝不‘ Under no circumstances can we accpet the check.无论如何我们不能接受 这笔钱。 On no account must you leave the baby in the house.你无论如何也不能把 婴儿留在房间里。 5(so,suh位于句首，句子也要倒装。 He had at last been allowed = he had at last been permitted = he had asked for permission 请求允许，被允许: be allowed to do, be permitted to do, asked for permission to do sth. in which ----which指代fax while和现在分词搭配，做时间状语，表示―正在做某事的过程中‖，可以用while 引导的时间状语从句去替换。 while he was counting… leading to 现在分词，通向 the steps leading to the president‘s palace the road leading to the forest fifteen-foot ----做前置定语，这里的名词必须是单数形式 which指代wall (避免和前面的句式结构相同) L05-03 end 9’35” L05-04 begin 11’27” 【Special difficulties】 倒装的用法 Exercise Write these sentences again beginning each one with the words in italics. 1 He has not only made this mistake before but he will make it again. 2 I realized what was happening only then. 3 I will never trust him again. 4 You seldom find traffic wardens who are kind and helpful. key: 1 Not only has he made this mistake before but he will make it again. 2 Only then did I realize what was happening. 3 Never will I trust him again. 4 Seldom do You find traffic wardens who are kind and helpful. warden [w]n.看护人，守护人 【Multiple choice questions】多项选择题 Comprehension 1 The editor acted as he did because . a. he wanted an excuse to fire the journalist b. he had not read the article beyond the first sentence c. he was dissatisfied with the factual content of the article d. he wanted to please the president of the new African republic 1. C 2 The journalist took a long time to sent the details required because . a. it took him a long time to count all the steps b. he had not been allowed to fax the information he had obtained c. he did not realize how soon the magazine would go to press d. he had been arrested before he had had time to obtain the facts 2. B 3 Why had the journalist been arrested? a. Because his activities must have appeared suspicious. b. For having gone to extremes to provide unimortant facts. c. For climbing the palace wall in order to measure its height. d. Because the article was published in its original form. 3. A Structure 4 the first sentence, the editor refused to publish the article. (ll.5-6) a. Reading b. Having read c. He read d. Being read 首选从句、分词、独立主格结构,缺少了时间状语从句的连接词 4( B 体会出and then Having seen the movie, they went for a walk. 5 The magazine to press. (l.10) a. was b. had gone c. was about to go d. was due 6 He sent the journalist two faxes, but did not receive . (ll.10-11) a. the replies b. the reply c. no reply d. a reply 表示―任意‖ 6( D 7 he informed the journalist he would be fired unless he . (ll.11-12) a. was replied b. relied c. would reply d. did not reply unless = if not 一般过去时 7( B 8 He informed while carrying out his instructions. (ll.15-16) a. his arrest to the editor b. the editor his arrest c. the editor of his arrest d. the editor that his arrest had been inform sb. of /about sth. 某人做某事 8( C Vocabary 9 Editors of newspapers and magazines often go to extremes to provide their with unimportant facts and statistics. (ll.1-2) a. audience b. lectures c. public d. common 9( C 10 The magazine would soon go to press. It would soon be .(l.10) a. pressing b. printed c. typed d. impressed 10( B print =publish 11 The poor man had been arrested. He was very .(l.14) a. poor b. stupid c. innocent d. unfortunate innocent 无辜的 11. D 12 He had at last been to send a fax. (ll.14-15) a. admitted b. let c. left d. given permission 请求允许做某事:ask for permission to do sth 允许某人做某事:be given permission to d sth 12. D L05-04 end 9’55” (L05 end ) L06-01 begin 11’35” ? Lesson 6 Smash-and grab 砸橱窗抢劫 【New words and expressions】 生词和短语 ?smash-and-grab n. 砸橱窗抢劫 ?arcade n. 有拱廊的街道(两旁常设商店) ?Piccadilly n. 皮卡迪利大街 ?jewellery n. 珠宝(总称) ?necklace n. 项链 ?ring n. 戒指 ?background n. 背景 ?velet n. 天鹅绒，丝绒 ?headlight n. (汽车等)前灯 ?blare v. 发嘟嘟声，吼叫 ?staff n. 全体工作人员 ?raid n. 偷袭 ?scramble v. 爬行 ?fantastic adj. 非常大的 ?ashtray n. 烟灰缸 ?smash-and-grab n. 砸橱窗抢劫 smash vt. break sth. into pieces violently vi. The dishes smashed on the floor. smash into: 撞击到某处 Eg: The bus smashed into a big tree. grab: seize suddenly catch: get hold of sth. / sbb. moving snatch: catch sth. / sb. suddenly and violently seize: 强调抓住、抓到的结果 Fear seized her. grasp: 强调掌握 hold: 强调抓牢、抓紧 He is holding an umbrella. ?arcade n. 有拱廊的街道(两旁常设商店) ?Piccadilly n. 皮卡迪利大街 ?jewellery n. 珠宝(总称) ?necklace n. 项链 ?ring n. 戒指 ?background n. 背景 on the background of sth. 以什么为背景 background information a man of excellent background ?velet n. 天鹅绒，丝绒 ?headlight n. (汽车等)前灯 ?blare v. 发嘟嘟声，吼叫 ?staff n. 全体工作人员 ?raid n. 偷袭 ?scramble v. 爬行 scramble vi. creep quickly climb vt. 爬上 mount: 登上 ???fantastic adj. 非常大的 fantastic: very great / large a fantastics of money strange wonderful ?ashtray n. 烟灰缸 【Text】 ? Lesson 6 Smash-and grab 砸橱窗抢劫 How did Mr. Taylor try to stop the thieves? The expensive shops in a famous arcade near Piccadilly were just opening. At this time of the morning, the arcade was almost empty. Mr Taylor, the owner of a jewellery shop was admiring a new window display. Two of his assistants had been working busily since 8 o'clock and had only just finished. Diamond necklaces and rings had been beautifully arranged on a background of black velvet. After gazing at the display for several minutes, Mr Taylor went back into his shop. The silence was suddenly broken when a large car, with its headlights on and its horn blaring, roared down the arcade. It came to a stop outside the jeweler's. One man stayed at the wheel while two others with black stockings over their faces jumped out and smashed the window of the shop with iron bars. While this was going on, Mr Taylor was upstairs. He and his staff began throwing furniture out of the window. Chairs and tables went flying into the arcade. One of the thieves was struck by a heavy statue, but he was too busy helping himself to diamonds to notice any pain. The raid was all over in three minutes, for the men scrambled back into the car and it moved off at a fantastic speed. Just as it was leaving, Mr Taylor rushed out and ran after it throwing ashtrays and vases, but it was impossible to stop the thieves. They had got away with thousands of pounds worth of diamonds. 【课文讲解】 本课有许多句型值得模仿 in a famous arcade near Piccadilly介词短语修饰shops Eg: The shoe shop in myneighbourhood was just opening. Beijing, our capital, is eveloping enormously (at fantastic speed ). L06-01 end 11’35” L06-02 begin 10’06” ?After gazing at the display for several minutes, Mr Taylor went back into his shop.‘ 运用ing形式结构，其逻辑主语要和主句的主语保持一致 本课的重点句式:with 的复合结构 如果宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上有主谓关系，应该采用动词的ing形式: 如果是动宾关系，应该采用过去分词形式作宾补 如果表达某事将要展开发生，要用动词不定式to She sat staring into the distance with tears streaming down her cheeks. She stood ther with her hands resting on her hips. He ran into the room with his face covered with tears. With his homework finished, he felt happy. He used to sleep with all the windows open. He went out with his hat on. With the meeting over, we went home. He came in with a knife in his hand. L06-02 end 10’06” L06-03 begin 11’13” Two others with black stockings over their faces jumped out. With a lot of work to do, he can‘t go to the cinama. 总结: with 用于句首或句尾，常表示状语、行为方式、原因、伴随状况等;如果跟在名词之后，是用来修饰限定该名词 a thief with atocking over his face a teacher with a book under his arm a room with the windows open come to 后面常接名词，表示达到 come to a stop, come to an end, come to a decision, come to an agreement, come to an understanding, come to success, come to fame 停车 stop, draw up, pull up at the barbar‘s, at the butcher‘s, at the baker‘s, at the greengrocer‘s. at the grocer‘s, at the stationer‘s, at the tobacconist‘s, at the chemist‘s help oneself to:自便 help yourselt to dish My roommate helped herself to my clothes without asking me. at a fantastic speed / at a tremendous speed / at a high(full) speed / with great speed hundreds of thousands of dollars worth of jewel数十万美元的珠宝 L06-03end 11’13” L06-04 begin 14’29” Word building 前缀构词法 如何运用常见的前缀 dis- agreeable disagreeable content discontent graceful dis graceful honest dis honest satisfactory dissatisfactory dis还可以加在名词前 agreement disagreement honesty dishonesty ability disability grace disgrace comfort discomfort dis可以加在动词前 agree dis agree appear disappear believe disbelieve dis-还可表示除去、解除， 在名词前加dis-得到动词形式 courage discourage root disroot mask dismask burden disburden il-加在以l开头的形容词之前 legal illegal logical illbogical literate illiterate im-加在以b,m,p开头的形容词之前 possible impossible mortal immotal moral immoral balanced imbalanced ir-加在以r开头的形容词之前 regular irregular rational irrational resistible irresistible in-主要用于其他字母开头的词之前 human inhuman correct incorrect justice injustice sinca\ere insincere un-只能手于形容词和动词之前 不 happy unhappy friendly unfriendly lucky unlucky 无 conditional unconditional limited unlited 非 official unofficial just unjust 未，主要用于过去分词之前 undecided unfinished unexpected unhurt 用于动词之前表示做相反的动作 lock unlock tie untie cover uncover pack unpack dress undress load unload Exercise P36 Write these sentences again giving the correct opposites of the words in italics 1 He was extremely polite. 2 I agree with you. 3 His handwriting is quite legible. 4 This report is accurate. 5 Have you locked the door? 6 Have you learnt these regular verbs? Key: 1 impolite 2 disagree 3 illegible 4 inaccurate 5 unlocked 6 irregular L06-04 end 14’29” L06-05 begin 13’47” 【Multiple choice questions】多项选择题 Comprehension 1 While Mr. Taylor was admiring the new window display, . a. his two assistants were arranging jewellery in the window b. some thieves were on their way to raid his shop c. he was standing inside his shop d. his staff were finishing their work for the day 1. B on one‘s way to do He is on the way to become a lawyer 2 The car headlights were on and its horm blaring . a. as the thieves wanted to warn people out of their way b. as a special signal to ther assistants c. so the thieves could see where theywere going d. to break the earlymorning silence 2. A warn sb. out of one‘s way in one‘s way 3 The thieves chose to raid Mr. Taylor‘s shop because . a. it was early in the morning and not many shops were open b. they did not expect Mr. Taylor and his staff to try and stop them c. it usually had a treat deal of valuable jewellery on display d. they had a very fast car to get away in 3. C Structure 4 The expensive shops in were just opening. (ll.1-2) a, Piccadilly‘s famous arcade b. a Piccadilly famous arcade c. a famous Piccadilly arcade d. the famous arcade off Piccadilly 名词具有修饰词的时候，语序的排列通常是形容词、名词。 an old village school 4. C 5 He the display for several minutes before re-entering his shop. (ll.7-8) a. was gazing at b. gazed at c. had gazed at d. had been gazing at 5. B 做句子结构题时要和原文加以对比 6 Using bars made iron, the thieves smashed the shop window. (l.11) a. of b. from c by d. with 6. A 7 He and his staff began furniture out of the window. (l.12) a. to throw b. by throwing c. and threw d. the throwing of begin doing sth. / begin to do sth. 7. A 8 Had he not been so busy taking the diamonds, he the blow. (ll.13-14) a. would feel b. had been feeling c. had felt d. woud have felt 省略if的条件状语从句， 8( D Vocabulary 9 To make the car ?roar down the arcade‘, the driver must have . (ll.9-10) a. accelerated b. sped c. run d. reversed accelerated 加速 speed 加快动作和工作的进程 speed up Eg: We‘d better speed up, if we want to get there in time. The driver accelerated to pass the other car. The car sped along the road reversed:倒车 Eg: The car reversed through the gate. 9( A 10 Two others, their faces black stockings, jumped out. (ll.10-11) a. covered with b. overdressed with c. overlooked by d. made up in two others 和 their faces 同位语关系 overdressed I fell rather overdressed in this smart suit. overlooked: 俯瞰 made up in 无这种表达方式 10( A 11 , Mr. Taylor was upstairs. (ll.11-12) a. For the time being b. Meanwhile c. As it happened d. For a while For the time being = temporarily Meanwhile = at the same time As it happened 这类事情的发生 For a while = for a moment 11. B 12 Chairs and tables were into the arcade. (ll.12-13) a. flown b. emptied c. hurled d. projected flown 是fly的过去分词，vi.不能用于被动语态 go flying , send sth. flying Eg: A gust of wind sent the paper flying in all directions. emptied 倒空， 与题意不符 hurled :用力的去投掷 projected : sent up 发射 L06-05 ? Lesson 6 end 13’47” L07-01 ? Lesson 7 begin 15’10” ? Lesson 7 Mutilated ladies 残钞鉴别组 【New words and expressions】 生词和短语 ?mutilate v. 使残缺不全 ?chew v. 咀嚼 é?fianc n.未婚夫 ?microwave n. 微波，微波炉 ?oven n. 炉灶 ?safekeeping n. 妥善保管 ?Newcastle n. 纽卡斯尔(英国港市) ?identify v. 鉴别，识别 ?spokeswoman n. 女发言人 ?mutilate v. 使残缺不全 vt. 经常用于被动语态 1，毁伤，残害。 He was mutilated in the accdient, and now has only one leg. a multlated note 2, 把…搞砸了 You've already mutilated the novel by making such changes. $ dad president: 美国 mutilation n. ?chew v. 咀嚼 A lot of people love chewing gums. Don‘t bite off more than one can chew.不要自不量力 chew the fat: 聊天 chewed up: (俚) 着急的，担心的 Don't get chewed up / about your examination. é?fianc n.未婚夫 ?microwave n. 微波，微波炉 micro- = tiny, very very small microswitch, microfilm, microscope, microsecond, microphone, microbiology 反义前缀:macro- = great. large ?oven n. 炉灶 ?safekeeping n. 妥善保管 keep sth. safe Please keep your ID card safe do evil:干坏事 evil doing make trouble => trouble making ?Newcastle n. 纽卡斯尔(英国港市) ?identify v. 鉴别，识别 identify of sb. or sth. He can‘t identify the person. identity: n. So far thearcheologists have been unable to discover her identity. identification n.命名，确认 ?spokeswoman n. 女发言人 【Text】 *? Lesson 7 Mutilated ladies 残钞鉴别组 Why did Jane cook John’s wallet? Has it ever happened to you? Have you ever put your trousers in the washing machine and then remembered there was a large bank note in your back pocket? When you rescued your trousers, did you find the note was whiter than white? People who live in Britain needn‘t despair when they make mistakes like this (and a lot of peole do)! Fortunately for them, the Bank of England has a team called Mutilated Ladies which deals with claims from people who fed their money to a machine or to their dog. Dogs, it seems, love to chew up money! éA recent case concerns Jane Butlin whose fianc, John, runs a successful furniture business. John had a very good day and put his wallet containing ,3,000 into the microwave oven for safekeeping. Then he and Jane went horse-riding. When they got home, Jane cooked their dinner in the microwave éoven and without realizing it, cooked her fianc‘s wallet as well. Imagine their dismay when they found a beautufully-cooked wallet and notes turned to ash! John went to see his bank magnager who sent the remains of wallet and the money to the secial department of the Band of England in Newcastle: the Mutilated Ladies! They examined the remains and John got all his money back. ?So long as there‘s something to identify, we will give people their money back,‘ said a spokeswoman for the Band. ?Last year, we paid ,1.5m on 21,000 claims.‘ * Damaged bank notes. The Queen‘s head appears on English bank notes, and ?lady‘ refers to this. 【课文讲解】 段首或段尾运用疑问句提出问题 段首——主要要引起读者的兴趣和注意力 段尾——进一步巩固、加深与本段所涉及的内容，进一步引起读者的沉思 rescue 救援，援救 Hundreds of people went to rescue the plane crash. L07-01 end 15’10” L07-02 begin 16’22” 大词小用所起到的目的——加强语气 whiter than white====damaged, mutilated.损坏，残缺不全 make mistakes like this Fortunately for them luckly / happily for them 固定搭配 team 组织 make a claim 提出索赔 feed sth. to it seems 第二段充分说明了约翰是怎么样把钱从银行里拿回来 concern: 涉及到——is about run a factory, run a company I have a very good day. I have a good tive to keep it safe put his wallet which contained…. go horse-riding, go fishing, go hunting, go shopping dismay: 沮丧 beautifully-cooked wallet: 用一种讽刺的口吻 turned to turned into become who ----band manager so long as: on condition that 表假设，只要 pay for:为…付款 We paid 80 dollars for the dictionary. on 强调对21000起索赔要求 pay off 还清，偿还 The couple have already paid their debts off. pay back 1, 把钱归还回去 pay money back 2, 报仇，报复 pay somebody back L07-02 end 16’22” L07-03 begin 12’35” ? Lesson 7 【Special difficulties】 如何运用后缀 less 表示否定概念 care careless ful 表示有、充满了 helpful careful ly: 形容词+ ly = 副词，名词+ly = 形容词 daily ic pic energetic 精力充沛的 ish childish womanish Exercise Supply the missing words 1 You won‘t feel any pain. The operation is completely . 2 I admired the beauty of the countryside. The countryside is so . 3 I visit my mother every day. My mother expects visits. 4 Don‘t behave like a child. Don‘t be so . 5 She‘s a wonderful athlete. That explains why she‘s so . Key : 1. painless 2. beautiful 3. daily 4. childish(-ish的形容词是贬义色彩) 5. athletic 强壮的，强健的 【Multiple choice questions】多项选择题 Comprehension 1 They call the team in Mewcastle ?Mutilated Ladies‘ because . a. their job involves mutilating bank notes b. their job is to identify pictures of the Queen on mutilated bank notes c. ladies are always mutilating bank notes by accident in the wash d. only ladies have the patience for this difficult job 1. B 2 The Bank of England offers a special service to people who . a. feed their money to the dog b. try to wash large bank notes c. mutilate bank notes on purpose d. have damaged but identifiable bank notes 2. D identify => identifiable return => returnable eat => ratable 3 You don‘t get your money back unless _____ . a. you go to Newcastle and see the Mutilated Ladies b. there is enough evidence to prove your claim c. your bank manager agrees to help you c. you have done this sort of thing before unless: if not 3. B Structure 4 Have you ever forgotten _____ in the pocket of your trousers…? (ll.1-3) a. a large bank note b. large bank note c. any large bank note d. some large bank note 4. A any large bank notes 5. If you_____ in Britai, you needn‘t despair. (ll.4-5) a. do live b. are living c. live d. wer living needn‘t 真实条件句， 不是虚拟语气 live 动词是不用进行时态的 5( C 6 John is _____ ,and runs a furniture business. (l.9) é of Jane Butlin b. Jane Butlin‘s fiancé a. fianc c.éé Jane Butlin who‘s fianc d. Jane Butlin whose fianc 6( B 一般来说，如果表示某人的，就用? 如果采用介词of表示所属关系，被修饰名词前要出现定冠词 7 The wallet _____ ,3,000 from the day;s business. (l.10) a. containing b. was containing c. contained d. content 简单句，选用一般过去式 7( C 8 John put his wallet into the microwave oven _____ . (l.10) a. to heep it safe b. for keeping safe c. for the safety d. tob safe keeping to keep it safe 8. A Vocabulary 9 John runs a furniture business. He ____ the business. (l.9) a. is in charge of b. is in the charge of c. charges d. bears the charges of in charge of 负责 in the charge of 由某人来负责 9( A 10 Jane discovered that the ,3,000 had _____ ash. (ll.12-13) a turned b. grown c. made d. become turned to ash 10. D 11 The remains were _____ to the Mutulated Ladies. (ll.13-14) a. conveyed b. dispatched c. carried d. fetched sent dispatched 送，送达 deliver convey:运输、传达 fetch:去取回来 11( B 12 People can get their money back _____ there is something to identify. (ll.15-16) a. depending b. provided c. supposed d. allowing 12( B provided providing Eg: Proveded that you reduce the price, I‘ll take all the goods. supposed 表假设 suppose , supposing 特别注意:结构以及词汇题 L07-03 ? Lesson 7 end 12’35” L08-01 begin 12’11” ? Lesson 8 A famous monastery 著名的修道院 【New words and expressions】 生词和短语 ?monastery n. 寺院，修道院 ?St. Bernard 圣伯纳德 ?pass n. 关隘 ?watchdog n. 看门狗 ?rashly adj. 莽撞地，冒失地 ?enclosure n. 围场，圈地 ?monk n. 和尚，僧侣 ?privacy n. 清静，隐居 ?skier n. 滑雪者 ?Easter n. 复活节 ?monastery n. 寺院，修道院 abbot:修道院院长 convent nun:修女 abbess:女修道院院长 ?St. Bernard 圣伯纳德 ?pass n. 关隘 ?watchdog n. 看门狗 ?rashly adj. 莽撞地，冒失地 boldly adv. ?enclosure n. 围场，圈地 ?monk n. 和尚，僧侣 ?privacy n. 清静，隐居 ?skier n. 滑雪者 ?Easter n. 复活节 at Easter, at Christmas, at Thanksgiving 【Text】 ? Lesson 8 A famous monastery 著名的修道院 What are the St. Bernard dogs used for? The Great St Bernard Pass connects Switzerland to Italy. At 247o metres, it is the highest mountain pass in Europe. The famous monastery of St Bernard, which was founded in the eleventh century, lies about a mile away. For hundreds of years, St Bernard dogs have saved the lives of travellers crossing the dangerous Pass. These friendly dogs, which were first brought from Asia, were used as watch-dogs even in Roman times. Now that a tunnel has been built through the mountains, the Pass is less dangerous, but each year, the dogs are still sent out into the snow whenever a traveller is in difficulty. Despite the new tunnel, there are still a few people who rashly attempt to cross the Pass on foot During the summer months, the monastery is very busy,for it is visited by thousands of people who cross the Pass in cars, As there are so many people about, the dogs have to be kept in a special enclosure. In winter, however, life ?at the monastery is quite different. The temperature drops to –30and very few people attempt to cross the Pass. The monks Prefer winter to summer for they have more privacy. The dogs have greater freedom, too,for they are allowed to wander outside their enclosure. The only regular visitors to the monastery in winter are parties of skiers who go there at Christmas and Easter. These young people, who love the peace of the mountains, always receive a warm welcome at St. Bernard's monastery. 【课文讲解】 connects / Join Switzerland to Italy / link Switzerland with Italy connect … with:把…与某事联系在一起 I can‘t connect the picture with my friend Mary. Are you connected with the government? be connected with 与…有联系 at 2,473 metres:介词短语修饰全句用于句首表示原因、条件或状态 At the age of 25, he is able. At one point 65 metres, he is a little short. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句最大的区别 非限制性定语从句是对主句或主句中所出现的某个名词的补充说明和解释，去掉 对主句影响不大 限制性定语从句是主句当中不可缺少的一部分 Mr Smith was a famous person in American history. thMr Smith, who died on July 17 at 84, was a famous person in American history. There were very few passengers, who escaped without serious injury. There were very few passengers who escaped without serious injury. L08-01 end 12’11” L08-02 begin 11’56” The taxi drivers, who knew about the traffic jam, took another road. The taxi drivers who knew about the traffic jam took another road, and others who didn‘t know about the traffic jam still took this heavy road. who引导的非限制性定语从句主要指人做主语 指代事物在非限制性定语从句当中只能使用which He lent me a thousand dollars, which was exactly the sum I needed. 指代时间when, 地点where He was left on the desert island, where he stayed for as long as therr weeks. found建立 set up establish live----lives which指代friend dogs The panda, which was brought from China, was used as a symbol of friendship. Now that:既然 用做时间连接词时，后面通常跟完成式 Now that you have left university, you have to find a job. 用做原因连接词时，后面时态不限。 Now that you won't help me, I must do the job myself. Now that you are grown-up, you must stop the children behave. whenever, whoever, whatever wherever, whichever , however no matter when / who / what / where / which / how You can telephone me whenever you like. Whichever day you come, we‘ll be pleased to see you. L08-02 end 11’56” L08-03 begin 11’51” Whenever you go, I‘ll follow you. However busy you are, you nust spare some time to study English. Despite介词——in spite of rashly 莽撞的 attempt to do sth. -----try to do sth. there + be zThere are still a few students studying English in the classroom. in cars ---by car about 到处，周围 Don‘t litter waste paper about. look about, go about, run about, wander about keep: 使某人或某物处于某种状态，经常和介词短语、形容词、分词(现在分 词和过去分词)搭配连用，表示一种状态 keep him out, keep him in Do keep the cat in the room. 表示逻辑的主谓关系——现在分词 I‘m sorry to keep you wating. 表示逻辑的动宾关系——过去分词 The lamb was kept tight to a tree. quite the opposite 恰恰相反 prefer sth. to sth. I prefer reading to doing nothing. The regular visitors to Beijing Mike, who loves chess very much, entered for the game. L08-03 end 11’51” L08-04 begin 8’23” Special difficulties Exercise P44 Supply the missing words in the following sentences: 1 Now that he‘s grown up, he does _____ ever he pleases. 2 _____ ever I telephone, the line‘s engaged. 3 _____ ever told you that, didn‘t know what he was talking about. Key: 1. what 2. when 3. who 【Multiple choice questions】多项选择题 Comprehension 1 St. Bernard dogs are nest known for _____ . a. being a great summer tourist attraction b. having saved people‘s lives before the new tunnel was built c. being able to search people out who have been trapped in the smow d. the freedom they have to wander about in the winter be best known for = be famous for: 众所周知 1( C 2 What is the main advantage of the new tunnel? a. It prevents people from endangering their lives by climbing the Pass. b. It brings thousands of tourists to the monstery each summer. c. It provides a fast and safe communication across the Swiss-Italian border. d. It brings the St. Bernard monks into greater contact with the world. the main advantage 最大的好处 2( C 3 In what way does life at the St. Bernard monastery differ in winter? a. The great number of visitors must come to the monastery on skis. b. The dogs are free to save the lives of people lost in the snow. c. The monks are more welcoming to their visitors. d. The monks con pursue their occupation relatively undisturbed. occupation:事业， undisturbed: 不受打扰的 3( D Structure 4 The highest mountain pass in Europe is _____ ...(ll.1-2) a. of 2,473 metres b. at 2,473 metres high c. high 2,473 metres d. 2,473 metres high 4( D 名词作表语，at，介词短语作状语 5 --a few people who are _____ to cross the Pass on foot. (ll.9-10) a. rash enough b. so rash c. too rash d. very rash 形容词或副词和enough to do 搭配 b 选项错在so rash as to, You are so kind as to help me. 6 _____ so many people about, the dogs have to be kept in an enclosure. (l.12) a. With b. Being c. Because d. Having with的复合结构形式 A large car, with its headlights on and its bom blaring, roared down the arcade. With so many people around me, I feel happy. 6. A 7 The monks let _____ outside their enclosure. (l.15) a. them to wander b. to them wandering c. them wander d. them wandering 让某人做某事:let sb. do 7. C 8 Parties of skiers _____ the monastery in winter. (ll.15-16) a. visit to b. are visiting at c. visit d. are visiting 泛泛的概念采取一般现在时 8( C Vocabulary 9 The great St. Bernard Pass lies _____ Switzerland and Italy. (l.1) a. within b. between c. about d. along 强调两者之间 9( B 10 The dogs are sent out into the snow _____ a traveller is in difficulty. (ll.8-9) a. if ever b. in case c. all the time d. while whenever = if ever 无论什么时候，只要情况是如此 Whenever / if ever you pour oil on water, it floats. in case 主要是讨论预防措施 You should insure your house in case there is a fire. 10. A 11 Thousands of people _____ over the Pass. (ll.11-12) a. trip b. voyage c. conduct d. drive drive 11. D 12 They are allowed to _____ outside their enclosure. (l.15) a. graze b. drift c. roam d. wonder 原文:wander: 闲逛， roam graze:吃草，drift:漂流 = float, wonder:想知道，感到奇怪 L08-04 end 8’23” L09-01 begin ? Lesson 9 8’25” ? Lesson 9 Flying cats 飞猫 【New words and expressions】 生词和短语 ?fascinate v. 迷住，吸引住 ?affectionate adj. 充满情深的，柔情的 ?mysterious adj. 神秘的，难以理解的 ?submissive adj. 服从的，顺从的 ?feline adj. 猫的 ?independence n. 独立，独立性 ?high-rise adj. 高层的 ?windowsill n.窗槛 ?paratrooper n. 伞兵 ?squirrel n. 松鼠 ?air-resistance n. 空气阻力 ?impact n. 冲击力 ?fascinate v. 迷住，吸引住 vt. 主系表结构:be fascinated with被…迷住了，被…吸引住了 He is fascinated with chess. Are you fascinated with English. like, love, be fond of The boy is fond of football. be crazy about:着迷 be mad about He is crazy / mad about music. He is fascinated with music. fascination n. fascinating adj. Sweet music is fascinating. ?affectionate adj. 充满情深的，柔情的 Cats are affectionate animals. affectionately adv. The lady is looking that man affectionately. affection n. ?mysterious adj. 神秘的，难以理解的 a mysterious plan a mysterious explanation mystery n. 迷团，神秘感 His death is a mystery. ?submissive adj. 服从的，顺从的 obedient Are you obedient? Dogs and horses are submissive, but Cats are never submissive to us. be submissive to sb. submit v. Submit oneself to sb. / sth. 屈服于，顺从于 submission n. ?feline adj. 猫的 ?independence n. 独立，独立性 independent adj. You have already grown up, you must be independent. depend 依靠 You must depend on yourself. depend, dependence independence, independent ?high-rise adj. 高层的 ?windowsill n.窗槛 ?paratrooper n. 伞兵 ?squirrel n. 松鼠 ?air-resistance n. 空气阻力 ?impact n. 冲击力 【Text】 ? Lesson 9 Flying cats 飞猫 Q: How do cats try to protect themselves when falling from great heights? Cats never fail to fascinate human beings. They can be friendly and affectionate towards humans, but they lead mysterious lives of their own as well. they never become submissive like dogs and horses. As a result, humans have learned to respect feline independence. Most cats remain suspicious of humans all their lives. One of the things that fascinaes us most about cats is the popular belief that they have nine lives. Apparently, there is a good deal of truth in this idea. A cat‘s ability to survive falls is based on fact. Recently the New York Animal medical Centre made a study of 132 cots over a period of five months. All these cats had one experience in common: they had fallen off high buildings, yet only eight of them died from shock or injuries. Of course, New York is the ideal place for such an interesting study, because there is no shortage of tall buildings. There are plenty of high-rise windowsills to fall, from! One cat ,Sabrina, fell 32 storeys, yet only suffered from a broken tooth. ?Cats behave like well-trained paratroopers,‘ a doctor said. It seems that the further cats fall, the less they are likely to injure themselves. In a long drop, they reach speeds of 60 miles an hour and more. At high speeds, falling cats have time to relax. They stretch out their legs like flying squirrels. This increases their air-resistance and reduces the shock of impact when they hid the ground. 【课文讲解】 nver fail to do 双重否定,,肯定 If you aks for help in the polite way, you never fail to succeed. L09-01 end 8’25” L09-02 begin 9’01” If you receive requests like this, you'll never fail to accept. 常用的双重否定结构(加强语气) 1( never fail to, can't fail to, don't fail to , 否定词+fail to(语气较强烈) 2( 否定的形容词之前加以否定 unreasonable-> not unreasonable Eg: What he said is not unreasonable. It is quite common (not uncommon ) for us to make mistakes. 3( not + without Eg: You can't obtain english without working hard. He doesn‘t have any meal without meat. 4.no+not Eg: There is no cat that doesn't like fish. There is nothing that he can't do. There is no rule that has no exception. as well as a result have learned to:学会了，习惯了 People have learned to expect that trains are punctual. Children have learned to expect that their parents are very able. be suspicious of sb. 对什么表示怀疑，存有戒心 One of the things that fascinaes us: that 引导定语从句 that 引导同位语从句 One of the things that fascinaes us most about planes is the popular fact that they are safe and fast. truth,不可数名词，a good deal of apparently 显然，显而易见 It seems that... L09-02 end 9’01” L09-03 begin A cat‘s ability to survive falls is based on fact. survive v. fall v.&n. be based on:基于事实基础之上 base sth. on: 把某事加强在什么基础之上 We base the theory on the fact The theory is based on fact. make a study of sth:对什么作出研究 over a period of five months in common = the same fall off 坠落， 掉落 die from:死于 死于疾病:die of illness / disease / hunger / thirst,自然的死亡用of 死于非自然原因:die from shock / injures / wound, 用from there is no shortage shortage:缺乏 = lack, 与of搭配，shortage / fack of shortage of money led to the failure of the experiments. 32storeys suffer from: 遭受什么痛苦 A lot of people in the world are suffering from terrible disease. behave like = act like well-trained: 训练很好的，well-decorated:装饰漂亮的 the further cats fall, the less 典型的the more...the more...句型，用定冠词the 修饰形容词或副词的比较级 The harder you study English, the better you an learn it. The more you eat, the fatter you will be. be likely to do:有可能如何，强调可能性 In cold winter, We are likely to catch a cold. and more 甚至更多 at high speeds stretch out 充分伸展 L09-03 end 8’58” L09-04 begin 11’50” 【Special difficulties】 Exercise P48 Supply so, such, such a, or such an: 1 The film was _____ funny, we laughed all the way through it. 2 We all had _____ fun at the seaside. It‘s a pity you weren‘t there. 3 It‘s _____unusual exhibition, I‘m sure you‘ll enjoy it. 4 The twins are _____ alike, you can‘t tell the difference etween them. 5 There was _____ loud noise, everyone jumped. Key: 1. so 2. such 3. such an 4. so 5.such a 【Multiple choice questions】 Comprehension 1 We find cats endlessly fascinating because _____ . a. we feel there is a good deal we do not know about their lives b. we believe that cats have nine lives c.they are different from dogs and horses d. they can reach a speed of 60 miles an hour while falling 1. A endlessly fascinating 无穷的，特别吸引人的魅力 2 A recent study of 132 cats in New York proved _____ . a. that it is true that cats have nine lives b. that cats are related to flying squirrels c. they are different from dogs and horses d. that cats falling from great heights are seldom killed 2( D that the further cats fall, the less they are likely to injure themselves Because they have got enough time to relax and this increases their air-resistance and reduces the shock of impact. 3 Cats can survive great falls mainly because _____ . a. the further they fall, the less likely they are to injur themselves b. a cat‘s ability to survive is based on fact c. a falling cat relaxed its legs and so increases its air-resistance d. they are unlikely to exceed a speed of about 60 miles an hour 3. A that the further cats fall, the less they are likely to injure themselves Structure 4 Cats have an unfailing fascination _____ most people. (l.1) a. with b. to c. for d. at 4. C for对于人们来讲 with对于人们来讲，强调对比概念 with some children, their pocket money goes a long way. unfailing endlessly 5 Cats never become submissive _____ .(l.3) a. as dogs and horses b. in the way that dogs and horses do c. as far as dogs and borses d. as for dogs and horses 5. B as…as…象…一样 in the way that…以…方式 I love you in the way that you love me. We like modern art in the same way that we like beautiful… 6 _____ popularly believed that cats have nine lives.(l.7) a. there is b. Is c. This is d. It is 6. D It is said that… 据说 It is announced that… 据宣布 It is reported that…据报道 7 New Youk is ideal for this study because _____ high-rise buildings. (ll.11-12) a. there is plenty of b. of the number of c. it has plenty d. the number 7( B there is plenty of --, there are plenty of 8 Over a period of five months, there was _____ of 132 cats in New Youk. (l.9) a. a study b. studied c. some studies d. studing 8. A Vocabulary 9 Most cats are suspicious of human beings _____ their lives. (l.5) a. during b. throughout c. through d. white 9. B during 在…期间(时间较徒刑) during our holiday; during the week through 侧重强调从空间穿过 through the crowd 穿过人群;through the door Monday through Friday throughout their lives 贯穿始终 10 _____ there is a good deal of truth in this idea. (l.7) a. As a matter of fact b. In the event c. It would seem d. Surprisingly enough 10( C ti would seem (that )… ----apparently 11 That cats can survive falls from great heights is _____ by the facts.(ll.7-8) a. explained b. tested c. supported d. borne 11. C explain 解释; test 检测; borne 容忍，忍耐 The theory is supported by the fact. The theory is based on the fact. 12 One cat fell 32 stroeys. _____ she only suffered a broken tooth. (ll.12-13) a. Even so b. Although c. Moreover d. In spite of 12. A even so 注意上下文的语境 although 让步;虽然，但是 in spite of 只用来连接名词、动名词或代词 moreover表示递近关系 He is very tired, even so he keeps studing English hard. L 09-04 第九课 end 11’50” L10-01 ? Lesson 10 begin 10‘41‖ ? Lesson 10 The loss of the Titanic “泰坦尼克“号的沉没 【New words and expressions】 生词和短语 ?Southampton n. 南安普敦(英国港市) ?colossal adj. 庞大的 ?watertight adj. 不漏水的 ?compartment n. (轮船的)密封舱 ?flood v. 充满水 ?float v. 漂浮， 飘浮 ?tragic adj. 悲惨的 ?liner n. 班船 ?voyage n. 航行 ?iceberg n. 冰山 ?lookout n. 瞭望员 ?collision n. 碰撞 ?narrowly adv. 刚刚，勉强地 ?miss v. 避开 ?slight adj. 轻微的 ?tremble v. 震颤 ?faint adj. 微弱的 ?horror n. 恐惧 ?abandon v. 抛弃 ?plunge v. 投入，跳入 ?lifeboat n. 救生船 ?Southampton n. 南安普敦(英国港市) ?colossal adj. 庞大的 big, large, huge, great, vast, immense, enormous, giant, gigantic, tremendous, titanic colossal: large in size A ship Titanic was colossal. a colossal monument; a colossal statue big:大的，重要的 You give me a big surprise. He is a big person. The box is big. large:体积大，数量大 an empty large box a large number of people great: 伟大 vast:辽阔，广阔 vast desert immense: immeasurable 不可测量的 an immense stadium, immense iceberg enormous 重点突出数量、程度、体积;强调程度时，语意强于big Eg: He made a big success. / He made an enoumous success. giant: 巨大的，高大的 a giant person 巨人 ; gigantic tremendous: big, fast, powerful The plane is traveling at tremendous speed. titanic 用于修饰人和物，体积大、力量大 The ship is titanic. huge:强调体积大 a huge stone 数量巨大 a huge sum of money ?watertight adj. 不漏水的 a watertight ship watertight 引申为无懈可击的，毫无破绽的 watertight arguments 无懈可击的论点 watertight excuse 毫无破绽的借口 waterproof 防水的;waterproof watch 防水手表 waterproof coat 防水雨衣 ?compartment n. (轮船的)密封舱 ?flood v. 充满水 vt. & n. vt. be filled with water; the ship is flooded. The room was flooded with moonlight. L10-01 end 10’41” L10-02 begin 11’00” Our classroom was flooded with sunshine. n. 洪水， in flood 河水泛滥; 引申表示连续不断的 During the rains, the river is in flood. in a flood of words 滔滔不绝的 She blamed her husband in a flood of words on seeing him. ?float v. 漂浮， 飘浮 drift ?tragic adj. 悲惨的 unfoutunate; a tragic accident miserable 苦难的 bitter 痛苦的 tragedy n. 悲剧， 惨剧 in tragedy 以悲剧形式 The holiday ended in tragedy. comedy 喜剧 comic 喜剧的，滑稽的 comical 古怪的，可笑的 ?liner n. 班船 ?voyage n. 航行 voyage 海上航行 flight 飞行 journey 长途行程 navigation 航海，航海术 The voyage is more than the old lady can bear. ?iceberg n. 冰山 ?lookout n. 瞭望员 ?collision n. 碰撞 collide vi 碰撞，抚触 The plane collided with the mountain crash v. 坠毁 It is said that there is an airplane that crashed in the mountains. conflict vi. 和某事(某人)相抵触 My idea conflicts with yours. clash vi. 相冲突 Eg: His wedding clashed with my examination, so I couldn‘t go. ?narrowly adv. 刚刚，勉强地 ?miss v. 避开 ?slight adj. 轻微的 ?tremble v. 震颤 tremble v. 有规律的、小幅度的抖动 Look, your hands are trembling, what‘s wrong with you? shiver v. 强调由于寒冷、惧怕而一连串地抖动 I found he‘s shivering in a cold. shudder vi. 强调全身的颤栗 The boy is shuddering, why? Because he was frightened. ?faint adj. 微弱的 faint: weak faint sound / weak sound; weak voice / faint voice faint: unconscious 失去知觉 He has been faint for a long time. slight 轻微的，微不足道的 a slight headache; a slight book ?horror n. 恐惧 ?abandon v. 抛弃 abandon 因为某事而被迫放弃自己喜爱的事物 He abandoned his research because of the war. desert 背弃，遗弃 desert the army; desert the duty; desert his family ?plunge v. 投入，跳入 plunge: jump or rush suddenly and wildly He got so angry that he plunge into the water. When the ship Titanic sank in the ocean, a large number of people plunged into… jump:侧重强调快速地跳 The boy is jumping up and down. leap: 跳跃 He leapt out of the sleeping bad. dive 跳水、潜水 ?lifeboat n. 救生船 L10-02 end 11’00” L10-03 begin 11’53” 【Text】 ? Lesson 10 The loss of the Titanic “泰坦尼克“号的沉没 What would have happened if only two of the sixteen water-tight compartments had been flooded? The great ship, Titanic, sailed for New York from Southampton on April 10th, 1912. She was carrying 1316 passengers and a crew of 89l. Even by modern standards, the 46,000 ton Titanic was a colossal ship. At that time, however, she was not only the largest ship that had ever been built, but was regarded as unsinkable, for she had sixteen watertight compartments. Even if two of these were flooded, she would still be able to float. The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for she went down on her first voyage with heavy loss of life. Four days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing across the icy waters of the North Atlantic, a huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a look-out. After the alarm had been given, the great ship turned sharply to avoid a direct collision. The Titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense wall of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her. Suddenly, there was a slight trembling sound from below, and the captain went down to see what had happened. The noise had been so faint that no one thought that the ship had been damaged. Below, the captain realized to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly, for five of her sixteen watertight compartments had already been flooded! The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged into the icy water. As there were not enough life-boats for everybody, 1500 lives were lost. 【课文讲解】 The loss of the Titanic The great ship, Titanic, sailed for …背景介绍 sail for 航海去往某处 set out (off) for 出发去往某处 leave for, head for, make for Eg: He will set out for the Atlantic. The plane is making for the airport. We are heading for Canada. She eas carrying… carry 表示载有; a crew of 一组人员 Even by… by : according to 表示依据 modern standards 现代的 by regulation 依据规则 ; by ruies 依据条例 by our estimate 根据我们的估计 by one‘s looks / by one‘s appearance 根据某人的长相 according to 依据 (事实、课文等客观存在的现实) according to the fact 依据事实 according to the text 依据这篇课文 在我看来: in my opinion according to / in accordance with in accordance with 更加正式 in accordance with law 依据法律 in accordance with rules at that time 在当时 not only… but (also )… 不仅…而且 be regarded as: be considered to be, be thought of as 把…看作为 口语中: regard sb. / sth. as + (n. / pron. / adj. / doing / done) Eg: I regarded his idea as totally unacceptable. We can‘t regard the matter as settled. for 表示原因 be able to 强调有能力 be remembered 被永远记住 go down: sink on her first voyage 处女航， 首航 with heavy loss of life 损失惨重，造成大批人员的死亡 four days after setting out… : four days after setting off… …spotted…: suddenly discovered by a look out icy waters 水域，海域 the alarm had been given 发出警 to avoid…不定式表目的 just in time 很及时 missing 现在分词做状语，表示对主句的补充说明 narrowly 勉强地 which 指代the immense wall of ice from below 从下方 from above 从上方 … so faint that no one thought that… so… that… to one‘s horror 使某人感到惊讶 five of her sixteen watertight compartments had been filled with water. The order was given 命令被下达 to abandon ship 弃船，不定式做定语 As (because ) there were not enough lifeboats… 1,500 lives died. the order was given. 命令被下达 to abandon ship 弃船 不定式做做定语 ability 能力 the ability to do sth. order sb. to do sth. be capable of doing sth. 强调有做某事的能力 capability of doing sth. 做某事的能力 L10-03 end 11’53” L10-04 begin 10’44” 【Special difficulties】 Word Building 构词法 动词后加-er, 如果是以不发音的-e结尾的，只加-r, 表示行为的主动者，做某事 的人。 work----worker teach----teacher murder----murderer write----writer read----reader 动词后加-ist, 表示某种主义者、信仰者;从事某种事业、研究的人 copy----copyist type----typist novel ---- novelist drug---- druggist tobacco----- tobacconist 形容词后加-ness, 抽象名词，表示一种性质、情况、状态 kind----kindness bitter----bitterness happy----happiness willing----willngness 某些动词后加-ion, 构成名词 suggent----suggestion … 以-te结尾的动词，把不发音的-e去掉，再加-ion translate----translation complete---- completion graduate---- graduation 某些以-aim /-ain 结尾的动词，把-i 去掉，再加-ation explain----explanation exclaim----exclamation 以-ity 结尾，放在形容词之后，构成抽象名词，表示性质、状态 以-able / -ible 对尾的形容词变成名词，充成 –ability / -ibility able----ability probable----probability possible----possibility mobile----mobility Exercese Supply the missing words in the following sentences: 1 He studied physics at university. He is a p____ . 2 He works in a mine. He is a m_____ . 3 Pasteur did a great service to _____ (human ). 4 He is trying to make a good _____ ( impress ). 5 His paintings have been admired for their _____ (original ). Key: 1. physicist 2. miner 3. humanity 4. impression 5. originality 【Multiple choice questions】 Comprehension 1 When the Titanic set out from Southampton _____ . a. she was carrying a very large cargo b. she was making a voyage which is only attempted by very large ships c. only two of her watertight compartments were flooded d. she was sailing on her maiden voyage 1. D 2 What happened once the icebery had been spotted? a. The Titanic got lost in the icy waters of the North Atlantic. b. The alarm was given that there was a collision ahead. c. The Titanic quickly changed her course. d. The Titanic turned just as the iceberg rose steeply out of the water. 2. C 3 The Titanic sank because _____ . a. she had been badly damaged by an iceberg b. the captain was slow to realize the true nature of the damage c. no more than five of her watertight compartments had been flooded d. instead of trying to save her, people plunged into the water 3. A Structure 4 _____ were 1,316 passengers and a crew of 891 . (ll.2-3) a. On her board b. On board her c. Boarding her d. On boarding ner 4. B her 指代的是the great ship on board the plane / the train 5 No one thought she _____ sink, for she had sixteen watertight compartments. (ll.5-6) a. would be possible to b. would be able to c. should d. could possibly 5. D 表示下沉的可能性 6 She _____ four days when a huge iceberg was suddenly spotted. (ll.9-10) a, sailed b. was sailing c. has sailed d. had been sailing 有了段时间four, 用过去完成进行时 6( D 7 So faint _____ that no one thought… (ll.13-14) a. the noise was b. had been the noise c. it was the noise d. it had been the noise So位于句首，句子必须倒装 7( B 8 As there were _____ lifeboats for every body…(ll.16-17) a. as little b. so little c. very few d. too few not enough lifeboats 8. D Vocabulary 9 The great ship _____ sharply to avoid a direct collision. (ll.10-11) a. veered b. changed c. went back d. cornered 突然转向 veer = turn 9. A 10 The Titanic turned _____ narrowly missing the immense wall… )ll.11-12) a. in next to no time b. on a sudden impulse c. with no time to spare d. nearly on time just in tome 躲得很及时 in next to no time = at once, immediately on a sudden impulse:凭一时的冲动 10. C 11. The captain went down to _____ . (l.13) a. explore b. investigate c. examine d. inquire 重点在于下去调查 11( B 12 There was not enough _____ in the lifeboats for everybody. (ll.16-17) a. room b. place c. volume d. area room 空间 volume 容量，容积 area 地区 place 地方， 地点 12. A L10-04 ? Lesson 10 end 10’44”