专业英语四级(作文)模拟试卷137(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语四级（作文）模拟试卷137(题后含答案及解析)题型有：  6.WRITINGPARTVI  WRITING1．  Readcarefullythefollowingexcerptonpaidvacationforonlychildemployees,andthenwriteyourresponseinNOLESSTHAN200words,inwhichyoushould:  summarizethemainmessageoftheexcerpt,andthen  commentonwhetherpaidvacationforonlychildemployeesisnecessary.  Youshouldsupportyourselfwithinformationfromtheexcerpt.  Markswillbeawardedforcontentrelevance,contentsufficiency,organizationandlanguagequality.Failuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks.  PaidtoCareforAgedParentsinHospital  ThenewlyrevisedHenanProvincialPopulationandFamilyPlanningOrdinancesstipulatethatanonlychildofafamilycanenjoyupto20dayspaidvacationeveryyeartotakecareoftheirhospitalizedparentsabove60yearsold,accordingtolocalreports.  AsChina’ssocietyisaging,onlychildrenfacegreatpressuretosupporttheiragedparents.TheLawonProtectionofRightsandInterestsofSeniorsstipulatesthatchildrenshouldfrequentlyvisittheirelderlyparents,andtheemployersshouldguaranteeemployees’legalrighttotakevacationsandvisittheirparents.  AnofficialofHenanProvincialHealthandFamilyPlanningCommissionsaidtheonlychildofafamilyistheonlyonewhocanlookafterhisorheragedparentswhentheygetsick,andthepaidvacationaimstoprovidesupporttoone-childfamiliesandhelpthemcopeinsuchasituation.Thevacationisnotonlyapositiveattempttodealwiththeagingsocietyissue,butalsoapolicythatpromotesfilialpietyinsociety,andithaswonwidepublicrecognition.  However,whetherthepolicycantakeeffectdependsonitsimplementation.Theauthoritiesshouldmakemoreeffortstosuperviseenterprisesandstrengthenthesocialsecuritymechanism.正确答案：  PaidVacationforOnlyChildEmployeesIsNecessary  AccordingtothenewlyrevisedHenanProvincialPopulationandFamilyPlanningOrdinances,onlychildemployees,withhospitalized,agedparentswhoareabove60yearsold,canenjoyupto20-dayspaidvacationeveryyeartotakecareoftheirparents.Theaimsoftheordinancesaretohelponlychildrenlessentheirpressuresothattheycanbettersupporttheiragedparentsandtopromotefilialpietyinthesociety.AsfarasIamconcerned,itisnecessarytopaytheonlychildemployeesfortheirvacationofcaringfortheiragedparents.  First,withoutpaidvacation,theonlychildrenemployeeswhoarethebreadwinnerofafamilyareforcedtotakeleaves,havingtheiralreadymeansalarydeducted.Mostofthemwouldratherworkthanspendthehourswiththeirparents.Second,paidvacationcanprovidetheonlychildemployeeswithmoretimetosupportandaccompanytheirparents.Theharmonyoffamiliescan,inturn,promotethatofthesociety.Third,paidvacationforonlychildemployeescanencouragenotonlyfilialpietyofthesociety,butalsoasenseofbelongingtothecompanyandthesociety,whichisagoodmethodtocounteractthebraindrain.  Toconclude,Ibelievepaidvacationforonlychildemployeesarenecessary,buttheimplementationshouldbestrictlysupervised.解析：  本题的主旨是讨论独生子女是否有必要有带薪护理假。首先应当概括材料，再给出自己的观点。文章可安排如下：  第一段：简要概括材料内容，提出自己的看法——独生子女有必要有带薪护理假。  第二段：列出理由论证自己的观点。首先，作为养家糊口的人，如果没有带薪护理假，很多独生子女宁愿选择工作也不愿意因请假而导致薪资被减扣；第二，带薪护理假给予独生子女更多时间陪伴父母，有利于促进家庭和谐：第三，带薪护理假有利于提高员工的归属感，缓解人才流失。  第三段：总结全文，重申观点——独生子女应该要有带薪护理假，但是其执行应该要严格监管。知识模块：作文2．  Readcarefullythefollowingexcerptonanewruleofdresscodeinmarriageregistration,andthenwriteyourresponseinNOLESSTHAN200words,inwhichyoushould:  summarizethemainmessageoftheexcerpt,andthen  commentonwhetherpeopleshoulddressformallyinmarriagelicenceapplication.  Youshouldsupportyourselfwithinformationfromtheexcerpt.  Markswillbeawardedforcontentrelevance,contentsufficiency,organizationandlanguagequality.Failuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks.  ‘NoShorts’RuleforBeijingMarriageLicenceApplicants  CoupleswhowanttoapplyforamarriagelicenceinBeijingwillhavetodresssmartlyinfuture,orriskbeingturnedaway.Thecity’sCivilAffairsBureauhasannouncedanewrulestipulatingthatcoupleswon’tbeissuedalicencetowediftheyshowupinshorts,T-shirtsorothercasualwear,thestatenewspaperBeijingDailyreports.  Thebureau’smarriageregistrationdirector,HanMingxi,sayspeoplearen’tshowingsufficientrespectfortheprocess.“Itisnotunusualtoseecouplesregisteringinshortsandslippers.Itshowstheircarelessnessanddisrespectformarriage,”hetellsthepaper.Comingintoeffecton1July,thenewruleispartofeffortstotacklethecapital’sdivorcerate.MrHansayshisbureauiscurrentlyanalyzingalargenumberofdivorcecases,andaskingexpertsto“proposemethodsandwaystopromotemarriageandfamilyhappiness.”  TherehasbeenamixedresponsetothenewruleamongChinesesocialmediausers.“Marriageisnotchild’splay,itshouldbedignified,”writesoneontheSinaWeibomicrobloggingsite.Butothersthinkapplyingforalicenceshouldn’thavetobeabigdeal.“Whatifayoungcouplewantalow-keyevent?”asksoneuserwhothinksthatapplyingforalicenceis“simplyaboringandtediousprocess”anyway.正确答案：  UnnecessarytoDressProperlyforMarriageLicenceApplication  AnewruleforproperdressofmarriagelicenceapplicantsisissuedinBeijingasamethodtodecreasethecapital’sdivorcerate.Althoughtheauthorityandsomesocialmediausersbelievethatthenewrulecanhelpbuilduprespectformarriageandbringdowndivorcerate,adifferentvoiceisalsoraised;itarguesthattheprocessofmarriagelicenceapplicationisoflittlesignificanceandsomepeoplemayjustwantittobeconductedinalowprofile.Frommyperspective,properdressformarriagelicenceapplicationisunnecessary.  Firstandforemost,notallcouplescanaffordaproperdress.Whatareconsideredtobecasual,T-shirtsandshorts,forexample,mightbetheonlycleananddecentclothesofthesecouples.Theintentionoftherulewillonlygoastrayifithastobeimposedonthem,becauseitcreatesinconvenienceanddiscouragestheirdeterminationofmarriage.What’smore,althoughthemethodmayplayapositiveroleinthepromotionofmarriageandfamilyhappiness,itisnottheessentialorindispensableingredientinmaintainingamarriage.Thefailureofamarriagenormallycomesfromalackofcommunicationandcompany.Therefore,itisthegovernment’sresponsibilitytocomeupwithideasonhowtolessenthepressureofworkandhelpthemarriagecouplesenjoymoreoftheirtime.  Toconclude,Ibelieveitisnotnecessarytodressproperlyformarriagelicenceapplication.解析：  考生在下笔之前应先认真审题，明确写作：针对北京婚姻登记必须正式着装的这一规定，人们展开热议。考生首先需要总结正反方的意见，然后给出个人观点。文章结构可安排如下：  第一段：引出话题，简要概括正反方观点，最后表明自己立场——婚姻登记的时候无需正式着装。  第二段：列出理由论证自己的观点。首先，不是每对准夫妻都能负担得起买一套正式着装的费用；第二，婚姻登记时正式着装虽然对促进人们对婚姻的尊重有一定积极作用，但却不是维持婚姻的必要元素。  第三段：总结全文，重申观点——婚姻登记穿着正装并不是必要的。知识模块：作文3．  Weseealotofadvertisementsalmosteverydayandeverywhere.Someadvertisementsaregood,butsomearenotsogood.WriteacompositioninNOLESSTHAN200wordsonthefollowingtopic:  ThePositive/NegativeEffectsofSomeAdvertisements  Youaretowriteinthreeparts.  Inthefirstpart,statespecificallywhatyouropinionis.  Inthesecondpart,provideoneortworeasonstosupportyouropinion.  Inthelastpart,bringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionormakeasummary.  Markswillbeawardedforcontentrelevance,contentsufficiency,organization,languagequality.Failuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks.  AdvertisingPlaysaPositiveRole  Althoughpeopleoftenfocusonthenegativesidewhentheydiscusstheeffectsofadvertising,itisimportanttonotethatadvertisingdoeshaveitspositiveside.  AccordingtotheInternationalAdvertisingAssociation,advertisingcanencouragecompaniestocompeteandprovidenewproducts.Thisencouragesmoreconsumerstobuy,becausetheseproductsmeettheirneedsandwants.Thus,theeconomyispositivelyaffected.Inaddition,advertisingcanhelpcreatemorejobs.Asthedemandforproductsandservicesgoesupbecauseofadvertising,morepeopleareneededtomanufacture,supply,shipandtestthoseproductsandservices.Thus,morejobsarecreated.  Apartfromencouragingconsumerstochoosetheproductsthatarebestforthem,advertising,atleastindemocraticnations,allowsindividualstolearnaboutthewidevarietyoflifestylesandpoliticalchoicesavailabletothemandchoosetheonethattheyfindbest.Forexample,intheUnitedStates,candidatesforanelectedpositionoftenrunadvertisementsthatdiscusstheirstrengthsandtheopponent’sweaknesses.TheseadvertisementsencourageAmericanstocompareandcontrastthecandidatesandchoosetheonewithwhomtheymostagree.正确答案：Except1  TheNegativeEffectsofAdvertising  Advertisingisconstantlydemandingyourattentioneverywhereyougo,unlessyouliveinthead-freecityofSaoPaulo.Ifyou’relikeme,youprobablyhaven’tthoughtaboutthenegativeeffectsofadsthatmuch.  Direct-to-consumeradvertisingforprescriptiondrugshasresultedinunrealisticexpectationsabouttheeffectivenessofthedrugsandtheirsideeffects,accordingtotheFoodandDrugAdministration’sstudy“PatientandPhysicianAttitudesandBehaviorsAssociatedWithDTCPromotionofPrescriptionDrugs.”Voice-oversgivethedownsidetothedrug,butthevisualimagesshowhealthy,happypeople.It’snotunusualtohearthatevendeathmaybeasideeffectofaprescriptiondrug.  Advertisingalsoinfluenceshowpeoplefeelaboutthemselves—ofteninanegativeway.Basedontheimagestheyseeinadvertising,womenoftenfeeltheyshouldbethinandbeautifulandholddownfull-timejobswhilealsobeingfull-timemothers.Advertisingcommunicatesthatmenshouldbehandsome,tall,athletic,caringhusbands,thoughtfulfathersandvirileatalltimes.Theseimagesareoftenunrealisticandunattainable.Except2  TheNegativeEffectsofSomeAdvertisements  Advertisementsareapowerfultool,throughwhichproductsandservicesareimprintedintoviewers’minds.Although,admittedly,theycanencouragecompaniestoprovidenewproducts,morejobopportunitiesandavarietyofinformationavailableforconsumerstochoosewhateverthatagreeswiththem,advertisementsareessentiallyfilledwithsalesgimmicksandfalseimages.Frommyperspective,thenegativeeffectsofadvertisementscannotbeignored.  Thefirstnegativeeffectofadvertisementsismisleadingtheaudience.Moreoftenthannot,salestalkinadvertisementsisequivocal.Theyinvitetheaudiencetoimaginethen-ownfavourablefantasy,whichisseldomtrueinreality.Forexample,acokeadvertisementmayclaimthatitis“cheaperthantheleadingbrandbutwiththesamequality.”PotentialbuyersaretrickedtothinkthatthiscokeislessexpensivethanCocaColaandthequalityisstillguaranteed.Actually,“leading”isafuzzydescriptionthatcouldhardlybedefinite.Itcouldmeana“leading”brandintheWestoraleadingbrandinChina.Thesecondnegativeeffectofadvertisementsisencouragingexcessiveconsumption.Theprovocativelanguageinadvertisementspaintsanattractivepicturetoluretheaudiencetopurchaseacertainproduct.Thesalestalkdeclaresthatbyowningthisperfume,youwillbesexy,andbyhavingthatperfume,youwillbeelegant.Ifyouwanttofeelelegantlysexy,buybothofthem.Therefore,consumersareconsumingtheconceptsassociatedwiththeproductsratherthantheproductsthemselves.  Inconclusion,advertisementscanmisleadusintooverspendingonsomefanaticalimaginations.解析：  本题的主旨是讨论广告的影响是正面的还是负面的。首先应当总结概括材料中的内容，再给出自己的观点。  文章可安排如下：  第一段：简要概括材料内容，提出自己的看法——广告的负面影响大。  第二段：分两点说明自己的观点。首先，广告的负面影响是误导观众，以某品牌可乐的广告为例；第二，广告的负面影响是鼓励无度的消费，以香水广告为例。  第三段：总结全文，重申观点——广告会误导我们，诱使我们过度消费。知识模块：作文4．  Readcarefullythefollowingexcerptonfinesforsmokinginpublic,andthenwriteyourresponseinNOLESSTHAN200words,inwhichyoushould:  summarizethemainmessageoftheexcerpt,andthen  commentonwhetherimposingfinesisaneffectivewaytobansmokinginpublic.  Youshouldsupportyourselfwithinformationfromtheexcerpt.  Markswillbeawardedforcontentrelevance,contentsufficiency,organizationandlanguagequality.Failuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks.  BeijingersPay1MillionYuaninSmokingFines  FinesresultingfromtheBeijingsmokingbanintroducedinJune2015,havetotaledmorethanonemillionyuan($150,000),BeijingMunicipalCommissionofHealthandFamilyPlanningannounced.Abanonsmokinginallindoorpublicplaces,workplacesandpublictransport,themoststrictinChina,cameintoforceonJune1,2015.  Individualsmokerscanbefinedupto200yuan($30.52),whilebusinessescanfacefinesofupto10,000yuan($1,526)iftheyfailtodiscouragesmokingontheirpremises.Atotalof398businessesandinstitutionswerefinedanaverageof2,600yuan($3,968)each,alongwith1,514individuals,eachfinedanaverageof53yuan($8),accordingtothecommission.Bering’stobaccosalesfell2.71percentin2015,saidthecommission’sGaoXiaojun.PeopleinBeijingarecomingtoacceptthatsmokingisnotallowedinpublicplaces,Gaosaid,butthemigrantpopulationinthecapitalhasmadeimplementationofthebanmoredifficult.Migrantsknowlittleaboutthebanandaremorelikelytofindthemselvesintrouble.Enforcementofthebaninofficebuildings,restaurantsandentertainmentvenuesisalsodifficult,Gaoadded.正确答案：  IneffectivetoFineforSmokingBan  TheBeijingsmokingbancarriedoutrecentlyisthetoughestoneinChinawithitsfinesamountingoveronemillionRMBfrombothindividualsmokersandbusinesses.Undertheban,thetobaccosalesinBeijingalsofell.However,theenforcementofthebanalsomeetssomedifficultieswhenitcomestothemigrantsandsomeplacessuchasrestaurantsandentertainmentvenues.Personally,Ithinkimposingfinesisnotaneffectivewaytobansmokinginpublic.  Firstofall,finesmeannodeterrenttochainsmokers,especiallytherich,whowouldratherpaythefineattheworsttohaveasmokeinpublictomitigatethepainofnicotineaddiction.Secondly,migrantsinBeijingtendtobreaktheregulationunintentionallyduetotheirlimitedinformationaboutthelocalregulations,makingthebanlesseffective.What’smore,themigrantworkersaccountforalargeproportionofthepopulationinBeijing,whichwillworsenthesituation.Lastbutnotleast,theimplementationofthebanishardinmanyplaceslikesmallrestaurantsandentertainmentvenues.Inmostcases,themanagersdonottakethebanseriouslyastheydon’twanttheircustomerstobefined.Besides,placeswithoutmonitoreddevicesalsomakeithardtoimplementtheban.Thustheeffectofthebanisunsatisfactoryinmostoftheseplaces.  Therefore,wecansafelyarriveattheconclusionthatimposingfines,infact,isnotaneffectivewaytobanpublicsmoking.解析：  本题的主旨是讨论罚款禁烟是否有效。首先应当概括材料中的内容，再给出自己的观点。文章可安排如下：  第一段：简要概括材料，提出自己的看法——罚款是无效的。  第二段：分三点论证自己的观点。第一，有些人愿意交罚款来满足其烟瘾；第二，外来务工人口容易违反禁烟规定，忽略禁烟令；第三，在一些诸如饭馆和娱乐场所这样的地方，难以监督禁烟是否有执行。  第三段：总结全文，重申观点一一罚款是无效的方法。知识模块：作文5．  ReadcarefullythefollowingexcerptonthewesternizednamesofChineseplacesandthenwriteyourresponseinNOLESSTHAN200words,inwhichyoushould:  summarizethemainmessageoftheexcerpt,andthen  commentonwhetherwesternizedplacenamesshouldbedrivenout.  Youshouldsupportyourselfwithinformationfromtheexcerpt.  Markswillbeawardedforcontentrelevance,contentsufficiency,organizationandlanguagequality.Failuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks.  ShouldWesternizedPlaceNamesBeDrivenOut?  AresidentialcommunityinasmallcityinChinahasbeennamedVenice.AnotherisnamedManhattanafterthefamousNewYorkborough.ThesearejustacoupleofexamplesofthecurrentphenomenonsweepingconstructionsitesacrossChina:namingthemafterWesternlandmarks.Someworrythatthetrendofusingforeignplacenamesaswellasbizarre,exaggeratednames,suchascallingacommunityagardeneventhoughthereisnoactualgardentospeakof,iserodinglocalandtraditionalculture.Manyarguethatthepenetrationofthesenamescouldcreateinconvenienceandevenconfuseresidents,especiallyseniorcitizenswhoareusedtotraditionalnames.  TheChineseGovernmenthasrecentlylaunchedaninitiativetoaddresstheseconcerns.Thenamingofstreets,residentialcommunitiesandparkswillbestandardized,withnamesdeemedinappropriateandthoseusedbyseveralplacesbeingcutfromthelistofacceptablemonikers.Somepeoplethinkthesenamesarejustasymbol,soit’sunnecessarytobetooseriousabouttheirnaming.  “Today,foreignnamescanbeseeneverywhere,particularlyoncommercialbuildings,andrealestatedevelopersareincreasinglymimingresidentialcommunitiesinaninternationalstyle.Superficially,thesearejustnames.Butifyoulookdeeper,youwillseethatthispenetrationofforeignnameswillhaveanegativeimpactontraditionalChineseculture.”SaidGuoXilin,fromChineseJournalNet.正确答案：  DriveoutWesternizedPlaceNames  TherecentyearshavewitnessedtheprevailingtrendinChinathatmanyplacesandbuildingsarenamedafterforeignnames,suchasVeniceandManhattan.SomepeopleworrythatthesideeffectsofthenamingtrendmayerodethetraditionalChineseculture,whileothersarenotsoseriousaboutit,holdingnamesarejustasymbol.Inmyopinion,westernizedplacenamesshouldbedrivenout.  Tobeginwith,obviouslyanationwillonlyculturallydistinguishitselffromothersbykeepingitsownculture.AndkeepingtheChinesestyleofnamingaplaceisavitalpartofpreservingthedistinctChineseculture.Secondly,manyseniorcitizens,eventheyoung,tendtobemisledandconfusedbytheforeignnamesthatmakenosenseinChinesepronunciation.Therefore,thereareoccasionsthatwhenitcomestothenamesofVictoryPlaza,whatoccurstosomemightbeatotallydifferentplacewithanotherforeignnamepronouncedsimilarly,VictoriaSquare,forexample.Thenwecanseetheplacenamewouldmeannothingtothepeoplewhoconfuseitwiththeotherforeignname.Moreover,manywesternizedplacenamesareonlytransliteratedintoChinese,andtherefore,theirprofoundmeaningisnoteasilydelivered.Thewesternizationofplacenamesismerelyasuperficialformofinternationalizationandcontributesnothingtochina’sgoinginternational.  Inconclusion,theuseofforeignnamesshouldberestrictedbytheChinesegovernment.