初中英语中考完型填空课程资料

初中完形填空 1 中考完型填空概述分析 2 2 中考完形填空的命题趋势 3 3 完形填空的设计特点 4 4 完形填空的考查点 5 4.1 完形填空与单项选择题的区别 5 4.2 完形填空与阅读理解的异同 5 5 中考完形填空解题方法 6 6 中考完形填空高分突破 10 6.1 解题技巧篇 10 6.2 能力提高篇 12 7 中考真题连线 15 7.1 05年北京中考 15 7.2 06年北京中考题 16 7.3 07年北京中考真题 17 7.4 08年北京中考真题 18 7.5 09年北京中考真题 20 8 附录：中考完形填空核心短语 22 8.1 动词词组(包括短语动词)、介词词组和其他词组 22 8.2 动词短语、介词短语和其他词组 29 8.3 量词词组和其他词组 32 1 中考完型填空概述分析 完形填空题是通过阅读考查学生语言知识及语言知识 综合运用能力的一种测试形式。命题人在一段难度适度的文章中留出10个空白，要求考生从所给的A, B, C, D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使补足的短文意思通顺、结构完整。 　　完形填空主要考查以下三个方面的内容： 1. 词汇： 　　此类题目考查的内容是：近义词的区别，词语的固定搭配和习惯用法。近几年中考题中的完型填空题考查的词汇类别涉及到名词、代词、动词、介词、连词、形容词、副词和短语动词。 2. 语法： 　　此类题目考查的是：各种语法规则在文章中的运用。其中包括名词的单复数，形容词、副词的比较等级，动词的时态和语态，介词、数词、代词和连词的用法，主谓一致，各种从句的用法等。 3. 结构： 　　此类题目考查的是：文章中间句子与句子之间，段落与段落之间，上文与下文之间的逻辑关系。 2 中考完形填空的命题趋势 下表是对2009年全国各省市中考课改实验区的完形填空题统计： 题材 故事 科普 文化 人物 风土人情 体育 篇数 24 11 3 8 1 2 百分比 49﹪ 22﹪ 6﹪ 16﹪ 2﹪ 4﹪ 体裁 记叙文 说明文 应用文 议论文 其他 篇数 31 11 3 3 1 百分比 63﹪ 22﹪ 6﹪ 6﹪ 2﹪ 通过上表的分析以及综合北京2005-2009年中考完形填空试题的分析，我们可以看出完形填空在近几年及今后的命题趋势： 1. 所选短文题材多样化，以记叙文、说明文为主，其他题材为辅。 2. 所选短文内容更加新颖，更富有时代气息。更贴近学生的校园生活和现代生活。 3. 考察的重点已由在语篇中单纯考察语法转向了对语篇综合理解能力的考察。 3 完形填空的设计特点 完形填空一般有如下几个特点： 1. 完形填空所选的文章比较多的是情节明了、层次分明、内容易懂的故事性或记叙性的文体，文中较少出现生词，这样有助于考生整体理解和思路畅通。完形填空所选文章一般较之同一份试卷中的阅读理解题所选的文章，其难度要略低一些。 2. 完形填空的选文篇幅一般在170-220单词之间；空缺处的密度一般是每5-15单词一空。 3. 以意义填空为主，重点考查词语搭配、词语辨析、逻辑推断、前后呼应等，有时兼顾一些讲英语国家的语言及生活习惯等。词语搭配包括习惯用语、动词、形容词、副词、介词、名词等的相互搭配；词语辨析包括近义词的辨析和易混词的辨析；逻辑推断包括根据上下文的信息判断和逻辑关系，如转折、递进、因果、条件、让步等关系，也包括根据上下文内容，选出一个意思与内容相符合的词或词语；前后呼应是指有些句子如果孤立地理解，可能有多个选择，并且意思都能成立，但把前后文结合或联系起来理解，就只能有一个选择。 4 完形填空的考查点 完形填空主要考两个方面：考生的阅读能力和词汇知识。 4.1 完形填空与单项选择题的区别 一些同学把完形填空误认为只是短文形式的单项选择，因为目前我们所采取的完形填空的形式是在一篇较为完整的文章中去掉若干词语，然后在文章之后为每一空提供四个可供选择的单词或词组，由考生根据对上下文内容的理解和分析，选出自己认为正确和合理的一项。其实，完形填空和单项选择填空是两个不同的考试题型，其着重点也是不同的。从近几年中考命题的趋势来看，完形填空的设计更突出了能力的考查，而象单项选择中的一部分题目那样单纯考语法在该题中几乎是不予考虑的。在完形填空这一题中你会发现，多数考题中所出现的四个选项从语法的角度来分析往往都是正确的。在你尚未完全读懂整篇文章时，你无法选出正确答案。因此，若是你平时缺乏阅读能力方面的训练，想在完形填空一题上取得高分是不大可能的。 4.2 完形填空与阅读理解的异同 完形填空中还考词汇知识，也就是说，该题提供大量的单词、词组作为选项，考查你是否能完全理解这些词或词组的正确意思，或更确切地说是这些词或词组在该语言环境中所表现出来的特定意义。当然，这些特定意义还包括文化上的意义。如果你没有做过大量的词汇和短语训练，也很少语言实践，则很难把握每一个选项的确切意思，更无法看出一些词语在某种语境之中所表达出来的特定含义，因此，你就很难避免在这一题上失分。 5 中考完形填空解题方法 1. 通读全文，把握文章主旨，洞察作者写作意图 通读全文是做完形填空之前必不可少的工作，在快速阅读的过程中，不要急于看选项，而要一口气读到底，以求综观全文，获得对文章内容的整体了解，从而确定作者的 写作意图，判断自己的 基本思路。 2. 重视首段，“好的开始是成功的一半” 完形填空中，第一句一般不设空。通过认真分析首段，可发现首段多向读者交代了事件发生的时间、地点、背景、人物、起因等，使读者在下面的阅读中有一个清晰的语境。 如：Do you wake up every day feeling too tired, or even upset? if so，then a new alarm clock could be just for you . The clock, called Sleep　Smart, measures your sleep cycle, and waits____1____ you to be in your lightest phase of sleep____2____rousing you. Its makers say that should____3____you wake up feeling refreshed every morning. 1. A. beside B. near C. for D. around 2. A. upon B. before C. towards D. till 3. A. ensure B. assure C. require D. request 本文通过问答的方式引出主题——一款新型闹钟在清晨叫醒你的时候能让你精神振奋，从而为下文的进一步描写作了铺垫。第1小题主要是考察一个固定用法wait for sb. to do something；而2小题主要考查句子含义；第3小题照应第一段中所提及的情况。因此，这3个小题的答案分别应为 C、B、A。 3. 记住十二字方针“上下求索，左右逢源，瞻前顾后” 完形填空中，我们常会发现上一句的答案就隐藏在下一句中，或上一段为下一段作铺垫。因此当遇到自己拿不准的地方时，一定不能心慌，应耐心地看下去。 如：The other leading to a deep, dark cave, which was endless,________poison flowed instead of water and where devils(恶魔) and poisonous snakes hissed and crawled. A. which B. that C. whose D. where 这个句子很明显是在考查一些基本的语法。将语法考查应用于完形填空是近年来考查学生英语综合能力的大趋势。这个句子对于连词的考查 ，即使你不能正确地分析句子的类型也一样也可以做得到，因为该句中一个and 体现了两个句子是同类从句的并列使用，那么选出正确答案就相当容易了。本题的答案应为D。 有时，为了使文章生动活泼，作者会使用一些比喻或排比的写作手法。那么这时就要停下来分析他们之间的内在联系，来确定正确答案。 如：It was New Year’s night. An aged man was standing at a window. He raised his mournful eyes towards the deep___1___sky, where the stars were ___2___ like white lilies(百合花) on the surface of a clear calm lake. 1. A. grey B. blue C. black D. cloudy 2. A. floating B. flashing C. hanging D. shining 有很多同学在做这两道题时都会误选C 和C 。究其原因是第一句中出现了一个关键词night，因此很多同学都认为天空应该是黑色的，而按照常规思维星星又似乎是挂在天空上的。但是，此题中有很明显的一个比喻句，因此解题的突破口就在这个比喻句上了。我们都知道，只有在两种情况有相似性的时候才使用比喻。那么仔细分析后面的句子，我们会发现百合花在平静的水面上，会是一种什么意境呢？把星星比做百合花，那么天空就是平静的湖水了，众所周知，平静的湖水应该是蓝色的，而且花在水上应该是飘着的。因此这两小题的正确答案应为B 和A。 4. 充分考虑语法和词汇在完形填空中的应用 如：When television first began to expand, very few of the people who had become fam ous as radio commentators were able to be effective on TV. Some of the difficulties they experienced when they were trying to __1__ themselves to the new medium were technical. When working on radio, for example, they had become __2__ to seeing on the behalf of the listener. This __3__ of seeing for others means that the commentator has to be very good at talking, ... 1. A. turn B. adapt C. alter D. modify 2. A. experienced B. determined C. established D. accustomed 3. A. efficiency B. technology C. art D. performance 在第 1题中，adapt动词常与to搭配，表示“适应”，因此，要注意动词或词组的搭配；第2题也是习惯搭配，be /become accustomed to sth./doing sth.表示“习惯于……”，其中to为介词，注意上下文联系，to seeing正好符合要求；第3题关键是抓住空白处后的介词of，of前后是同格关系，即seeing for others和空白处所要填入的名词表示同一意思。因此这几个小题的正确答案应为B、 D、 D。 5. 注意句子间的逻辑关系 一般所填空格的句子与上下文可构成指代、列举、因果、比较、对比、让步、补充、递进等逻辑关系。根据上下文的逻辑关系并结合所给选项的基本含义来确定。 如： The foreign research scholar usually isolates himself in the laboratory as a means of protection;_____ , what he needs is to befitted into a highly organized university system... A. otherwise B. moreover C. however D. also 根据上下文，空格前的意思为“外籍研究学者通常把自己隔离在实验室里作为一种保护的手段”。空格后为“他需要融入的是高度的组织化的大学系统”。前者是一种孤离的状态isolate，而后者是一种组织化的系统befitted to a higly organized university，从逻辑角度而言，前后已然成为对立、矛盾的关系。所以答案应为表示对比（转折）关系的连词however。 6. 排除法在完形填空中的应用 如：“In the United States professors have many other duties 1teaching, such as administrative or research work. 2, the time that a professor can spend with a student outside of class limited.” 1. A. but B. except C. with D. besides 2. A However B. Therefore　　 C. Furthermore D. Nevertheless 在完形填空中，经常会出现同性元素，而所谓的同性元素就是指具有相同的含义，同样的语法功能以及一致用法的两个或多个选项，只要具备以上几个条件，它们相互之间就构成了同性元素。其实，同性元素的出现，是出题者黔驴技穷的表现，往往是为了凑足4个选项不得已而为之的。分析以上两题选项，很明显1题中A与B互为同性元素，意思与语法功用一模一样，均表示“除了……（不包含）”。 2题中A与D也如出一辙，均是表示转折的连词，译为“然而，但是”，选项中一旦出现同性元素，它们必定不是正确答案，一旦发现选项中有同性元素存在，考生应立即将其排除掉。这样一来1题只剩下可选答案C、D，2题只剩下B、C，可选范围大大缩小，再根据上下文逻辑关系的判定即可得出正确答案和B。 7. 做好检查 填好空格后，应细读一遍，看文章是否完整，用词是否达意，上下文是否连贯，有无前后矛盾、逻辑错误，特别是一些考查词语搭配的地方要仔细斟酌。若在情景、语法、词汇、逻辑等方面都顺理成章的话，这篇完形填空就比较成功了。 6 中考完形填空高分突破 6.1 解题技巧篇 1. 上下文暗示法 He went to prepare a bill for it. But when the owner gave it to him, the thief looked very (9) ______ and said, “I didn't mean to get something as expensive as that. Do you have anything (10) ________?” 9. A．surprised B. unhappy C. excited D. angry 9. surprised, 店主开出的价格肯定是很高，超出了小偷所想象的范围，这由下句“I didn't mean to get something as expensive as that .”也会得到启示的。所以当小偷看到价格时会感到很吃惊。 10. A. else B. expensive C. better D. cheaper 10. cheaper, 对应前边的 “as expensive as that” 可知这里应该填cheaper。这也是同expensive 相对比的原因。 2. 逻辑推理法 这种方法也叫语境推测法。完形填空题是一篇有完整内容的文章，各段各行之间有着逻辑上的必然联系。在所提供的选项中，有的从语法角度考虑是正确的，从语意上考虑就会自相矛盾，出现不合逻辑的现象。这时应从文章和句子的意思入手，对语法无误的几个选项通过分析对比，选出最符合上下文内在联系的答案。如： Harry Potter has just come, so he has ______ friends in our class. A. much B. little C. few D. quite a few much 和 little 不能和后面的可数名词 friends 连用，应先排除前两个选项;后面的两个选项都符合语法规则，都可以被选。这时，需要从语意上分析，既然“哈里·波特刚刚来这儿”，按逻辑推理“在班上没几个朋友”才对。因此，应选表示否定意义的不定代词 few。如果把逻辑词 so 换成连词 but，就成了“虽然哈里·波特刚刚来这儿，但是却有相当多的朋友”，这时选 D 才对。 3. 固定搭配法（后附完形填空核心短语搭配表） 英语中，固定句型和短语结构不仅是学习的难点，也是完形填空题测试的重点。固定搭配形式较多，有名词短语搭配、动词短语结构、介词短语搭配及成语等。这些固定搭配都是语言在长期的发展和演变过程中形成的，是语言的精华。只有在平时学习中认真积累，做题时才能得心应手。做这类题时，几乎不需要进行什么分析，立马就能锁定正确答案。如： I saw Mr Green ______ my way home. A. in B. of C. on D. to on one’s way home 是个固定搭配，意思是“在……回家的路上”，据此就可马上选定 C。 4. 固定句式判断法 Life is not easy, so I’d like to say “when anything happens, believe in yourself.” When I was 14, I was _____ nervous to talk to anyone. My classmates often laughed at me. A. so B. too C. very D. quite 在这里运用了too…to句型，表示太…而不能，在这里表示我太紧张而不敢跟人说话，所以选B。 5. 词义辨析法 Yang Liwei was born in an ordinary family in Liaoning Province in 1965. He became a pilot of the Chinese Air Force 1987. He ___ 1,350 hours in the air. A. paid B. spent C. took D. cost 解析：动词辨析。四个选项都有“花费”的意思，pay和spend的主语一般是人，pay多指花费金钱，spend多指花费时间，金钱和精力；take常用于句型“it takes sb. Some time to do sth.”, it 作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，多指花费时间；cost主语常是物，多指花费时间，金钱和劳力。本句主语是he,排除C和 D，空格后是1，350小时，故选B. 6. 关键信息提示法 _____like me-books because they like to see in print their own names, their pictures, and the name of their friends and their pets. But more important, in this way, readers are much more interested in reading the stories. Me_books are helping children to learn how to read. A. Writers B. Children C. Companies D. Friends 解析：在上题中，由最后一句可知是Children. 7. 了解生活常识，确定相关知识 　The officers jumped into their cars and rushed to the＿＿＿＿＿hospital. 　　A. animal B. biggest C. plant D. nearest 　在这样的紧急情况下，人们的第一个反应是到最近的医院就医，因此答案为D。 6.2 能力提高篇 除了对完形填空的特点、解题方法以及解题技巧要做到了然于胸，要想在完形填空上取得高分万万不能忽视平时的能力训练。 1. 进行一定量的阅读训练以提高自己的英语语感和对文章的理解能力。 由于完形填空重点考查的是一个考生的阅读能力，因此，提高自己的阅读能力是提高在完形填空中的得分的关键。 阅读能力的提高是和你阅读的量成正比的。阅读的量越大，你的阅读能力就越强。因此，有、有步骤地进行一定量的阅读训练是相当重要的。 在进行阅读训练时，除了检测自己在阅读中的理解情况之外，还要对阅读文章中所出现的重点词和词组进行认真的学习和研究。对于重要的句式句型等也要进行认真的研究、总结并作整理和记忆。同类句型在今后的做题中肯定会多次出现，如不作整理和记忆则无法产生较好的语感，对于英语句子所表达的意思的理解只能一直停留在模糊阶段，更谈不上阅读能力的快速提高，而阅读能力得不到提高就直接危及到完形填空一题的正确率的提高。 2. 加强词汇知识方面的训练，努力提高词汇的识记和理解能力。 有人以为，提高自己的词汇知识无非就是要死记硬背词汇表，把每一个单词都熟记在心。其实，背诵词汇表只是词汇知识掌握的第一步，虽然这一步非常重要也是必不可少的。我们知道，一个单词或词组在具体的上下文中会有不同的意思，而许多这样的意思也许在你的词汇表上并没有标出。要知道，语言的生命力在于它的灵活性。一个词甚至是一个非常普通的词，在一定的语言环境下说话者可能会赋予它特定的意思，从而达到某种语义效果。如果你缺乏一定的语汇训练，在一个不同的语言环境中，你硬是用你从词汇表上所背到的词义去理解，也许会永远不理解句子所要表达的真正含义。 要提高自己在词汇知识方面的能力，你要做的工作是：首先，在熟记每一单词的基本词义的同时，多记一些该单词的各种常见词义下的重要例句；其次，平时应多作一些和积累工作，把自己从阅读中所见到的一些所学单词的有用的表达法记录下来，并经常诵读；另外，不妨多学一些构词知识，如英语单词中的词性转换、前后缀、合成词等，这些知识也可以在一定程度上提高你的词汇知识。当然，我们这里所说的要让大家去多记一些单词的活用词义并不是说要让大家把所有大词典上所列的已学过的单词的各个词义全部记下来，因为这是没有必要也是不可能的。这里所强调的只是要求大家能重视对所学单词的活用意义的掌握，也就是说，要求大家不要死扣单词的个别词义，或者仅把英文单词和中文释义作简单的一一对应。 下面举一些词语在一定的语言环境中具有某种特定含义的，请同学们用心研究，并注意单词意义的多样性和灵活性。 例1：There’s a coat of dust on the desk. (桌子上积了一层灰尘。请注意coat的一般意思：如：Frith helped me into my coat.) 例2：We’d better have the room aired. (我们最好让房间通通风。Air的本意是“空气”，作名词，这里转换为动词。类似的还有：have the wheel oiled 给轮子加点油。) 例3：It’s ages since we went to the movies. (我们好长时间没去看电影了。这里的ages不能翻译成它的基本意“年龄”。另外，在句子Yesterday we paid a visit to the home for the aged.中，the aged则表示“老年人”的意思。) 例4：At noon the sun beat down on our heads as we walked home. (中午我们回家时太阳晒着我们。注意beat在此处为“（烈日）照射”之意。) 例5：The train was late, so we killed time by playing cards. (火车晚点了，我们打牌来打发时间。注意这里的kill不能理解成“杀死”，而应该理解成“消磨（时间）或“打发（时间）”之意。) 例6：Have we got enough money with us to meet all expenses? (我们身边的钱够付所有的费用吗？这里的meet已由原来的“会见、迎接”转义成“满足（需要、开销、愿望等）”。) 例7：To tell you the truth, I really can’t stand his calmness over this matter. (说实话，我实在受不了他在这件事情上的冷静。这里的stand不能翻译成“站立”，否则全句意思不好理解。) 例8：She holds a 60% interest in that farm. (她拥有那个农场的60％的股权。这里，interest不再是“兴趣”之意。) 上面的例句中的一些单词都是及其普通的，但它们在一些特定的句子中却具有不同的意思，而这些特定的词义也并不是说话者随心所欲乱加的，它们是从单词原来的意思上拓展开来的。掌握这些词汇知识，有助于对完形填空考题的准确理解，从而进一步提高正确率，以取得高分。因此希望同学们平时能做有心人，增加自己的语汇训练，多做这方面的记忆。 3. 多进行完形填空的训练。 平时多做完形填空的训练可以有效地提高实战能力，以充分适应这种考题。每做完一篇完形填空，就需要认真核对答案，找出在做题中出错的原因，以便采取相应的措施，在今后做题时避免出现同样的错。例如，如你发现在做题时经常犯词汇理解方面的错误，则你就应该认真记忆单词、词组；如你犯的是语篇理解方面的错误，则你应当有意识地增加你的阅读量，以提高阅读理解的能力。 上述工作做完后，你最好不要就把这篇做好的完形填空随手扔了，不妨把整篇文章再默记一遍，并在文章中的空缺处填上核对后的正确的词（应该把这些词默写出来，而不是对着答案照抄），再把文章反复读几遍。这样做，对你做完形填空时产生一种良好的感觉是很有好处的。 7 中考真题连线 7.1 05年北京中考 Mr. Klein told the class that a new student, Inez, would join them soon. He 39 that Inez was deaf. She “talked” with others by using sign language. Mr. Klein knew sign language, and he decided to teach 40 students so that they could also “talk” with Inez. First, they learned to sign the letters. Some letters were hard to 41 . Other letters, such as C, were easier because the shape (形状) of the hand was the same as the shape of the letter. The 42 thing they learned was fingerspelling. They signed one letter after another to spell a . They 43 with two-letter words such as at and on. Then they spelled 44 words. Finally, Mr. Klein showed that 45 one sign could be used for a whole word. To make the sign for the word fine, a person spreads out (张开) the fingers on one hand, 46 the thumb (拇指) to the chest (前胸), and moves the hand away from the chest. Signing is not just 47 with the hands. Expressions on the face are also 48 . The students learned to sign a question mark by using expressions on the face. When Inez first entered the classroom, she looked 49 . But the students signed, “Good morning, Inez.” She gave the class a big smile and signed back, “What a wonderful 50 !” 39. A. hoped B. said C. guessed D. thought 40. A. his B. my C. her D. our 41. A. spell B. check C. remember D. write 42. A. first B. only C. last D. next 43. A. met B. started C. agreed D. helped 44. A. newer B. easier C. longer D. nicer 45. A. never B. perhaps C. still D. just 46. A. joins B. fixes C. touches D. ties 47. A. made B. done C. given D. chosen 48. A. important B. different C. difficult D. strange 49. A. serious B. surprised C. frightened D. nervous 50. A. welcome B. congratulation C. progress D. success 7.2 06年北京中考题 (A) At our school, we sometimes have a special day to help others. Last year we went to an old people’s 36 and sang songs and performed a play for 37 . The old people were very 38 . We should be allowed to take time to do things like that more often. For example, we should 39 primary schools and help 40 young students. I want to be a teacher 41 I’m older so it would be a great experience for me. Other students would like to do other jobs. For example, my friend Tian Ge wants to 42 for a newspaper. She should be allowed to volunteer at the newspaper office once a week. 36．A．home B．bank C．shop D．river 37．A．us B．them C．him D．her 38．A．great B．angry C．smart D．happy 39．A．buy B．have C．visit D．build 40．A．tell B．ask C．teach D．find 41．A．how B．when C．where D．why 42．A．write B．wait C．look D．pay (B) In the park I sat down to read on the bench, disappointed by life with good reason to complain, for the world was 43 letting me down. Then a young boy came up to me and said with great excitement, “Look, what I found!” In his hand was a flower and he placed it to his nose. He said with overacted surprise, “it sure 44 pretty and it’s for you.” The flower before me was dead. But I knew I must 45 it, or he might never leave. So I reached for the flower and replied, “Just what I need. ” But 46 placing the flower in my hand, he held it midair without reason. It was then that I noticed for the very first time, that the boy was blind. I beard my voice trembling（颤抖）, tears 47 in the sun, as I thanked him for picking the “best” one. I sat there and wondered how he managed to see a self-pitying woman. Through the eyes of a blind child, at last I could see, the problem was not with the 48 ; the problem was me, And for all of those times I myself had been 49 , I made up my mind to see the 50 in life. 43．A．once B．hardly C．always D．seldom 44．A．feels B．smells C．keeps D．seems 45．A．get B．try C．give D．take 46．A．as for B．instead of C．except for D．because of 47．A．shining B．falling C．running D．drying 48．A．world B．flower C．boy D．life 49．A．annoyed B．silly C．proud D．blind 50．A．future B．problem C．beauty D．reason 7.3 07年北京中考真题 Jessie was driving home happily when a truck went past her car. The driver was moving much too fast. When Jessie neared her exit（出口）, she ___38___ something and stopped her car to the right of the highway（高速公路）. An accident had happened on the left side. The truck had ___39___ a car, but the driver was gone. Jessie thought that the people inside must be badly ___40___ and she should help them as much as she could. Not thinking of the ___41___, Jessie hurried to the other side of the road, though few people dared（敢）cross such a busy road. Looking into the car, she saw five people —two women and three children. Jessie was ___42___ to see all of them moving. Jessie pulled one of the car doors. It wouldn’t open. She went to the next door. ___43___, she couldn’t move it. She almost thought that all was ___44___ before she got one of the doors to open a little. “Please get the children out,” one of the women called. Jessie ___45___ a little boy from the car and moved him to a ___46___ place. Then she went to bring the other children to safety. After the last child was out of the car, Jessie thought of the box in ___47___ car. She had something in it that could help get that door open. So she got the box quickly. As Jessie was ___48___ on the door, the driver said, “Not many people would do what you’re doing.” “Your just take it easy, and I’ll have you ___49___ soon,” said Jessie. She was as good as her word. As soon as she helped the women out of the car, it caught fire. 38. A. did B. saw C. made D. forgot 39. A. hit B. met C. passed D. followed 40. A. beaten B. treated C. needed D. hurt 41. A. matter B. trouble C. danger D. accident 42. A. proud B. happy C. nervous D. worried 43. A. Again B. Clearly C. Perhaps D. Exactly 44. A. expected B. missed C. lost D. found 45. A. picked B. dropped C. collected D. pulled 46. A. quiet B. cool C. safe D. clean 47. A. their B. her C. another D. this 48. A. working B. turning C. knocking D. setting 49. A. back B. past C. over D. out 7.4 08年北京中考真题 Gibert joined the Science Club last summer. One day he was handed a piece of pa-per, a block of wood and four wheels; he was told to go home and 33_____ them all .to "dad". However, Gilbert' s mon knew that his dad wasn' t good at making thingsand decided that she would read the 34_____ and let Gilbet do the work. A few .days .ht-er the block of wood was mining into a car that Gilbert 35_____ named " Blue Lightning". Then he and his. mother went to a car race together. But when they 36_____ there ,Gilbert found that his car was the only one that had not been made by a " father -son" partnership(合作). The race began. One by one the cars were knocked out until it 37_____ to the finalbeteen Gilbert and Jimmy. Just before the race, Gilbert asked 38_____ they could stopfor a minute so that he could make a wish. After a long minute. Gilbert said that hewas 39_____. People cheered as the race began. Jimmy stood with his father and watched their car racing down the road while Gilbert was surprised at the great 40_____ of his car as it rushed over the finishing line less than a second 41_____ Jimmy' s Gilbert jumped upand down with 42_____. soon the club manager came over and asked him. " So, Gilbert , your wish was to 43_____, right ?" " Oh no sir," he replied," I just wished that I wouldn' t cry if I lost. " Children sometimes 44_____ adults with unexpected ideas. When Gilbert first sawthe other cars, he didn' t cry out ," Not fair ! Other chidren had their fathers"help!" Gilbert didn' t wish for victory in the race; instead he wished for courage. 33. A. send B. return C. lend D. give 34. A. irstructions B. passage C. message D. explanatiorns 35. A. easily B. carehtlly C. proudly D. kindly 36. A. lived B. got C. met D. passed 37. A. ran B. moved C. came D. rushed 38. A. whether B. why C. when D. where 39. A. sure B. rrady C. tired D. sorry 40. A. effort B. energy C. speed D. value 41. A. past B. over C. after D. before 42. A. excitement B. enjoyment C. agreement D. achievement 43. A. change B. break C. leave D. win 44. A. satisfy B. surpise C. please D. encoutage 7.5 09年北京中考真题 My father died when I was a few months old. After his death, my mother moved back to Louisville, Kentucky, where __35__ had grown up. We lived in a small house with her older sister, Marion, and their mother. This was a time when being a single __36___ was still considered unusual. When I was small, there was a children’s book called The Happy Family, and it was a real piece of work. Dad worked all day log at the office, Mom cooked in the kitchen, and brother and sister always had friends sleeping over. The image of the family in this book was typical (典型的) of the time. It looked __37___ like my family, but luckily that wasn’t the way I heard it. The way my Aunt Marion read it to me made the story really __38__. Kind-hearted and open-minded, my aunt was the one who played baseball with me, who took me horseback riding, who took me to the father-son dinners and who gave me lessons on how to drive. Believing that anything __39__ was probably good for, she __40__ to get a loan (贷款) so that I could go to Africa to work as a volunteer, which was my most important experience. As a young girl, Aunt Marion always planned to have a large number of children of her own, but she never got married. This __41__ that she was free to spend all her time taking care of me. Many people say we have a lot in common. She always __42__ me to do my best. She never __43__ to make me believe that I could do anything with my life that I wanted, if I only tried hard enough. For more than sixty years, Aunt Marion didn’t and still don’t think of herself. __44__ she is forced to come up to the front, my aunt will stand in the back in family photos, and she doesn’t think that her efforts have made much __45___. I honor my aunt, who taught me the things my __46___ couldn’t. so every June for the past 40 years, in growing thankfulness to my Aunt Marion, I’ve sent her a Father’s Day card. 35. A. I B. she C. he D. we 36. A. man B. family C. parent D. child 37. A. nothing B. anything C. everything D. something 38. A. surprising B. boring C. sad D. funny 39. A. interesting B. pleasant C. impossible D. unusual 40. A. decided B. afforded C. offered D. prepared 41. A. said B. meant C. proved D. showed 42. A. allowed B. afforded C. offered D. forced 43. A. hoped B. agreed C. stopped D. tailed 44. A. Unless B. Although C. Since D. Before 45. A. difference B. progress C. trouble D. sense 46. A. Teachers B. mother C. father D. friends 8 附录：中考完形填空核心短语 1. 初中英语教材中共出现近500个词组，其中有一部分为常用词组，要求能熟练运用。 2. 在学习中，要注意词组的积累，特别要注意介词词组和短语动词的积累。 3. 对固定词组的意义，切不可望文生义。例如，动词look愿意为“看”，但look after意为“照料”，look up (a word in a dictionary)意为“(在词典中)查找(单词)”。 4. 要十分注意固定词组中冠词的使用。有时冠词可引起词义的变化，例如，go the school意为“上学”，而go to the school意为“到学校里去”；take place意为“发生”，而take the place意为“取代”。有些词组中须用冠词，而另一些则不用。例如，in the evening, at night。 8.1 动词词组(包括短语动词)、介词词组和其他词组 1. 由be构成的词组 1)be back/in/out   回来/在家/外出 2)be at home/work 在家/上班 3)be good at 善于，擅长于 4)be careful of 当心，注意，仔细 5)be covered with 被……复盖 6)be ready for 为……作好准备 7)be surprised (at) 对……感到惊讶 8)be interested in   对……感到举 9)be born 出生 10)be on 在进行，在上演， （灯）亮着 11)be able to do sth. 能够做…… 12)be afraid of (to do sth. that…) 害怕……(不敢做……，恐怕……) 13)be angry with sb. 生(某人)的气 14)be pleased (with) 对……感到高兴(满意) 15)be famous for 以……而著名 16)be strict in (with) (对工作、对人)严格要求 17)be from 来自……，什么地方人 18)be hungry/thirsty/tired 饿了/渴了/累了 19)be worried 担忧 20)be (well) worth doing (非常)值得做…… 21)be covered with 被……所覆盖…… 22)be in (great) need of (很)需要 23)be in trouble 处于困境中 24)be glad to do sth. 很高兴做…… 25)be late for ……迟到 26)be made of (from) 由……制成 27)be satisfied with 对……感到满意 28)be free 空闲的，有空 29)be (ill) in bed 卧病在床 30)be busy doing (with) 忙于做……(忙于……) 2. 由come、do、get、give、go、have、help、keep、make、looke、put、set、send、take、turn、play等动词构成的词组 1)come back 回来 2)come down 下来 3)come in 进入，进来 4)come on 快，走吧，跟我来 5)come out出来 6)come out of 从……出来 7)come up 上来 8)come from 来自…… 9)do one's lessons/homework 做功课/回家作业 10)do more speaking/reading 多做口头练习/朗读 11)do one's best 尽力 12)do some shopping (cooking reading, cleaning)买东西(做饭菜，读点书，大扫除) 13)do a good deed (good deeds)做一件好事(做好事) 14)do morning exercises 做早操 15)do eye exercises 做眼保健操 16)do well in 在……某方面干得好 17)get up 起身 18)get everything ready 把一切都准备好 19)get ready for (=be ready for) 为……作好准备 20)get on (well) with 与……相处(融洽) 21)get back 返回 22)get rid of 除掉，去除 23)get in 进入，收集 24)get on/off 上/下车 25)get to 到达 26)get there 到达那里 27)give sb. a call 给……打电话 28)give a talk 作 29)give a lecture (a piano concert)作讲座(举行钢琴音乐会) 30)give back 归还，送回 31)give……some advice on 给……一些忠告 32)give lessons to 给……上课 33)give in 屈服 34)give up 放弃 35)give sb. a chance 给……一次机会 36)give a message to…… 给……一个口信 37)go ahead 先走，向前走，去吧，干吧 38)go to the cinema 看电影 39)go go bed 睡觉(make the bed 整理床铺) 40)go to school (college) 上学(上大学) 41)go to (the) hospital 去医院看病 42)go over 过一遍，复习/ go over to 朝……走去   43)go fishing/skating/swimming/shopping 去钩鱼/滑冰/游泳/买东 44)go home (there) 回家去(去那儿) 45)go round 顺便去，绕道走 46)go up 上去 47)go out for a walk 外出散步 48)go on (doing) 继续(做……) 49)go on with one's work 继续某人的工作 50)go upstairs/downstairs 上/下楼 51)(the lights) go out (灯)熄了 52)have a lesson (lessons)/a meeting 上课/开会 53)have a football match (basketball match) 举行一场足球(蓝球)赛 54)have dictation 听见 55)have a try 试一试 56)have a good/wonderful time 玩得很高兴 57)have a lecture (a piano concert) 听讲座(听钢琴音乐会) 58)have a report (talk) on   听一个关于……的报告 59)have a glass of water (a cup of tea) 喝一杯水，(一杯茶) 60)have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭 61)have a meal (three meals) 吃一顿饭(三餐饭) 62)have a dinner 吃正餐 63)have bread and milk for breakfast 早饭吃面包和牛奶 64)have (have got) a headache 头痛 65)have a fever 发烧 66)have a cough (a cold) 咳嗽(感冒) 67)have a look (at) 看一看…… 68)have a rest (a break) 休息一会儿(工间或课间休息) 69)have a talk 谈话 70)have a swim/walk 游泳/散步 71)have sports 进行体育锻炼 72)have a sports meet (meeting) 开运动会 73)have something done 让人(请人)做…… 74)have a test/an exam 测验/考试 75)have an idea 有了个主意 76)had better do sth. (not do sth.) 最好做……(最好不要做……) 77)have a word with 与……谈几句话 78)help sb. with sth. help sb. do sth. 在……方面帮助…… 帮助……做 79)help oneself to some chicken/fish/meat 请随便吃点鸡/鱼/肉 80)help each other 互相帮助 81)keep up with 跟上……，不落后于…… 82)keep silent/quiet 保持沉默/安静 83)keep sb. doing sth. 使……一直做…… 84)keep one's diary 记日记 85)make a noise (a lot of noise, much noise, noises)吵闹(十分嘈杂，响声) 86)make a living 谋生 87)make sb. do sth. 迫使某人做…… 88)make faces (a face)做鬼脸 89)make friends (with)与……交朋友 90)make a mistake (mistakes)犯错误 91)make room/space for 给……腾出地方 92)make a sentence (sentences)with 用……造句 93)make a fire 生火 94)be made from/of 由……制成 95)be made in 在……地方制造 96)look out of (outside) 往外看(看外面) 97)look up a word (in the dictionary) 查字典 98)look up 往上看，仰望 99)look after 照管，照看，照顾 100)look for 寻找 101)look like 看上去像 102)look fine/well/tired/worried 看起来气色好/健康/疲劳/忧虑 103)look out 当心，小心 104)look on …as… 把……当作……看待 105)look around 朝四周看 106)look at 看着…… 107)put on 穿上(衣服)，戴上(帽子)，上演(戏剧) 108)put up 建造，搭起，挂起，举起，张帖 109)put into 使进入，输入 110)put one's heart into 全神贯注于 111)put…down… 把……放下 112)put…into…   把……译成 113)set up 竖起，建起 114)set off 出发，动身 115)set out 出发 116)set an example for 为……树立榜样 117)send for 派人去请(叫) 118)send out 放出，发出 119)end up 把……往上送，发射 120)take one's advice 听从某人劝告 121)take out 拿出，取出 122)take down 拿下 123)take place 发生 124)take one's place 坐……的座位，代替某人职务 125)take the place of 代替…… 126)take a walk/rest 散步/休息 127)take it easy 别紧张 128)take sth.with sb. 随身带着 129)take sb. to a park/London for one's holidays 带某人去公园/伦敦度假 130)take care of 关心，照顾，保管 131)take a look (a last look) at 看一看(最后看一眼) 132)take an exam 参加考试 133)take away 拿走 134)take back 收回，带回 135)take hold of 抓住…… 136)take off 脱下(衣，帽，鞋等)拿掉 137)take (an active) part in (积极)参加(活动 138)take photos 拍照 139)take some medicine 服药 140)take a bus/train, boat/ 乘公共汽车，火车/船 141)turn on 开，旋开(电灯，收音机等) 142)turn off 关上(电灯，收音机等) 143)turn in 交出，上交 144)turn…into… 变成 145)turn to   翻到，转向 146)turn down (把音量)调低 147)turn…over 把……翻过来 148)play basketball 打篮球，football 踢足球，volleyball 打排球 149)play games 做游戏 150)play the piano (the violin) 弹钢琴(拉小提琴) 151)play with snow 玩雪 152)play a joke (on) 对……开玩笑 3. 由其他动词构成的词组 153)think over 仔细考虑 154)arrive at/in a place 到达某处 155)eat up 吃完，吃光 156)do well in   在……干得好 157)enjoy doing sth. like doing sth. 喜欢做某事 喜欢干某事 158)find out 发现，查出(真相等) 159)finish off 吃完，喝完 160)stop doing sth. 停止做某事 161)stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 162)hold a meting 举行会议 163)hold up   举起 164)hurry up 赶快，快点 165)enter for 报名参加 166)langht at 嘲笑 167)be used to 习惯于 168)used to 过去常常 169)wake…up 唤醒 170)work out 算出 8.2 动词短语、介词短语和其他词组 1)ask for 向……要……，请求 2)ask for leave 请假 3)send for 派人去请(叫) 4)pay for 付……的款 5)wait for 等候 6)thank for 为……感谢 7)apologize to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人道歉 8)look for 寻找 9)leave…for 离开……去…… 10)fall off 跌落 11)catch cold 着凉，伤风 12)catch up with 赶上 13)agree with sb. 赞成，同意某人的意见 14)filled……with 把……装满 15)tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人某事 16)talk about 谈论…… 17)think about 考虑…… 18)worry about 担忧…… 19)look after 照料 20)run after 追赶，跟在后面跑 21)read after 跟……读 22)smile at 对……微笑 23)knock at 敲(门、窗) 24)shout at 对……大喊(嚷) 25)throw away 扔掉 26)work hard at 努力做…… 27)wait in line 排队等候 28)change…into… 变成 29)hurry into… 匆忙进入 30)run into… 跑进 31)hear of 听说 32)think of 认为，考虑 33)catch hold of 抓住 34)instead of 代替…… 35)hand in 交上来 36)stay in bed 卧病在床 37)hear from 收到……来信 38)at once 立刻 39)at last 最后 40)at first 起先，首先 41)at the age of… 在……岁时 42)at the end of… 在……之末 43)at the beginning of… 在……之初 44)at the foot of… 在……脚下 45)at the same time 同时 46)at night/noon 在夜里/中午 47)with one's help 在某人的帮助下，由于某人的帮助 48)with the help of … 在……的帮助下 49)with a smile 面带笑容 50)with one's own eyes 亲眼看见 51)after a while 过了一会儿 52)from now on 从现在起 53)from then on 从那时起 54)far example 例如 55)far away from 远离 56)from morning till night 从早到晚 57)by and by 不久 58)by air mail 寄航空邮件 59)by ordinary mail 寄平信 60)by the way 顺便说 61)by the window 在窗边 62)by the end of… 到……底为止 63)little by little 逐渐地 64)in all 总共 65)in fact 事实上 66)in one's twenties 在某人二十几岁时 67)in a hurry 匆忙 68)in the middle of 在……中间 69)in no time (in a minute) 立刻，很快 70)in time (on time) 及时 71)in public 公众，公开地 72)in order to 为了…… 73)in front of 在……前面 74)in the sun 在阳光下 75)in the end 最后，终于 76)in surprise 惊奇地 77)in turn 依次 78)of course 当然 79)a bit (of) 有一点儿 80)a lot of 许多 81)on one's way to    某人在去……的路上 82)on foot 步行，走路 83)a talk on space 一个关于太空的报告 84)on the other hand 另一方面 85)at/on the weekend 在周末 86)on the left (right) 在左(右)边 87)on the other side of 在……另一边 88)on the radio 通过收音机(无线电广播) 89)to one's joy 使……高兴的是 90)to one's surprise 使……惊讶的是 8.3 量词词组和其他词组 1. 量词词组 1)a bit 一点儿 2)a few (of) 一些(可数)，几个…… 3)a little 一些(不可数) 4)a lot of (lots of) 许多 5)a piece of 一张(一片，块) 6)a cup of 一茶怀 7)a glass of 一玻璃杯 8)a pile of (piles and piles of) 一堆(一堆堆的)…… 9)a box of 一盒 10)a copy of 一份，一本 11)a bowl of 一碗 12)a basket of 一篮 13)a plate of 一盘 14)a bottle of 一瓶 15)a basin of 一脸盆 16)a set of 一套 17)a kind of 一种 18)a type of 一种类型的 19)a great deal of 非常多，大量的(不可数名词) 20)a large (great) number of 非常多，大量的(可数名词) 21)a great many 大量，许多(可数名词) 22)a different type of 一种不同型号的 23)a group of 一队，一组，一群 2. 其他词组 1)all kinds of    各种各样的 2)all over the world/the country 全世界/全国 3)all over 遍及每一部分，浑身 4)all one's life 一生 5)one after another 顺次 6)the Children's Palace 少年宫 7)day after day 日复一日 8)up and down 上上下下 9)the day after tomorrow 后天 10)the day before yesterday 前天 11)the last/past two years (or so) 最近两年(左右) 12)the whole country/the whole world 全国/全世界 13)a moment ago 刚才 14)just now/then 刚才/那时 15)half an hour's walk 步行半小时的路程 16)late on 过后，后来 - 33 -