2014年专业四级考试试题及答案解析(八)

专业四级考试试题及解析(八) 一、Writing (composition)（本大题1小题．每题15.0分，共15.0分。Write a composition of about 150-200 words on the following topic:） 第1题 Write on ANSWER SHEET TWO a composition of 200 words on the following topic: What Would You Like to Do after Graduation? You are to write in three parts. In the first part state what you think is the best way. "In the second part, support your view with one or two reasons. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in, a loss of marks.   【正确答案】： 答案: What Would You Like to Do after Graduation? Nowadays it seems more and more difficult for college students to find a satisfactory job, since millions of college graduates pour into the tight job market every year. As a result, many of them have to do with jobs irrelevant to their specialities. So more and more graduates prefer to continue their studies in school after graduation. There are several other reasons for this consideration. Firstly, at present the general economy presents a gloomy picture. The increase of job opportunities cannot meet the increasing number of college graduates. Secondly, as the information age approaches, more and more knowledge is required for us to gear to the development of technology, and the best way is to sharpen our edges in school. Finally, higher academic degrees always mean higher income for employees. So it is also valuable investment to continue our study in view of this. Therefore, as far as I am concerned, I am going to continue my postgraduate in school. That's what the old Chinese saying goes: sharpen the edge of your axe before chopping down the tree. 二、Writing(Note-Writing)（本大题1小题．每题10.0分，共10.0分。Write a note of about 50—60 words based on the following situation:） 第1题 Tom has had an accident and is now in hospital. Write to express your concern and good wish. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. 【正确答案】： 答案: Dear Tom, I just can't tell you how sorry I was to learn of your accident. Your family tells me that you are progressing nicely, and that you'll be out of the hospital in about ten days. I'm certainly relieved to know that! In the next day or so you'll receive a little package from Margaret and me. I hope you like it, and that it will help to pass the time more pleasantly. With every good wish for your swift recovery. 三、Dictation（本大题1小题．每题15.0分，共15.0分。Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more. Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.） 第1题 【正确答案】： [听力原文] I am thankful to the American people for the great privilege of being able to serve as your next president. I want to thank my vale and daughters for their love. Laura's active involvement as First Lady has made Texas a better place, anti she will be a wonderful First Lady for America. I am proud to have Dick Cheney by my side, and America will be proud to have him as our next vice president. I was not elected to serve one party, but to serve one nation. The President of the United States is the president of every single American, of every race and every background. Whether you voted for me or not, I will do my best to serve your interests, and I will work to earn your respect. I will be guided by President Jefferson's sense of purpose: to stand for principle, to be reasonable in manner, and, above all, to do great good for the cause of freedom and harmony. The presidency is more than an honor. It is more than an office. It is a charge to keep, and I will give it my all. Thank you very much, and God bless America. 四、Listening Comprehension ( Conversation )（共10小题,共10.0分） In this section, you will hear several short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following questions. Now listen to the conversations 第1题   What is the main purpose of the conversation? A The man wants to obtain an international driver's license that he can use both in the U.S. and in his country. B The man wants to take a driver's test to get an Arizona driver's license. C The man wants to know whether he can use his international driver's license in Arizona. D The man wants to fill out an application for an Arizona driver's licens 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文]   M: Hello. I need to talk with someone about my driver's license. W: Yes. How may I help you? Do you have a driver's license, or do you need to get one? M: Well, I'm not sure. You see, I have an international driver's license. W: Uhuh. And how long will you be staying in the United States? M: Probably four years, until I finish my degree. W: Oh. Then you will need to get in Arizona driver's license. M: Do I have to take a driver's test to do that? W: Yes, you do. You need to come in arid take a written exam and an eye exam, and then you need to take a road test with a parallel parking test. Did you say that you are a student? M: Yes, I'm a student at the university. I don't have ID with me, but I can go and get it. W: Okay. Then you can apply for a limited license. Just come back arid show your student ID, and you can make application for a five-year license. M: Great. That's what I want. So I don't have to take the driver's test then. W: Oh. Yes, you do. The license only costs you ten dollars. A regular license would cost you a lot more than that, but it is valid for more than five years. M: Why can't I just use my international driver's license? W: You could if you were just visiting no less than a year. But as a student, you will be temporarily residing in our state. M: Okay. So that's why my friend can use his international license, he is a tourist. W: Right. [试题分析] 本题考的是会话目的。 [详细解答] 先浏览题支，找出其中的区别，然后再认真听对话。依据“Well, I am not sure. You see, I have an international driver's license”等会话内容，可以看出C为正确答案。 第2题 What does the man have to do in order to drive legally? A Show his student ID and pay ten dollars. B Use his international driver's license. C Take a driver's test and apply for a limited license. D Show proof of temporary residenc 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 这里考查的是细节。要求昕者对局部内容认真把握。 [详细解答] 此类题目，要注意会话话题的转换，以及每一个话题，说话者都说了什么，可以边听边做出选择。依据“Then you need to get in Arizona driver's license”“You need to…and then you need to…”“you can apply for a limited license”可以看出C是正确的。 第3题 For how long is a limited license valid? A Less than one year. B Four years. C Five years. D Ten years. 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 这是一道细节题。 [详细解答] 依据“it is valid for more than five years”可以选出正确答案。 第4题 What will the man most probably do next? A Fill out an application. B Go back to the university to get his ID. C Go to see his friend. D Take a written exam and an eye exam. 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 这是一道推理题。 [详细解答] 这个学生“need to get in Arizona driver's license”而且咨询人员告诉他“You need to…, and then you need to…”“you can apply for a limited license”，但是这个学生说“I don't have ID with me, but I can go and get it”所以B是正确的。 第5题   What prompted the conversation? A The man wants to place a classified ad in the newspaper. B The woman wants to find an apartment. C The man wants to pay for a newspaper subscription. D The woman wants to fill out an application for employment. 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文]   M: I'd like to put an ad in the newspaper, please. W: What do you want to sell? M: I want to sell my furniture. W: What's your name? M: Bill Martyn. W: M-A-R-T-I-N? M: Y-N. W: Okay. M-A-R-T-Y-N. And your address, Mr. Martyn? M: For the next few weeks I'll be at the Garden Apartment on Book Boulevard. W: Is that where you want to be billed? M: No. I'll probably be gone before the bill could be sent. I'm just going to pay cash. W: Okay. The rates are by the inch, not by the word. So, if you want to use abbreviations, that might save you some money. M: Oh, that's a good idea. I have everything written out here, but I'll just check it over before I give it to you. Maybe I can use some shorter words, too. W: Okay. You can use that table over there to make your revisions. Just bring it back to me when you are ready. [试题分析] 这里考查的是细节。要求听者对局部内容认真把握。 [详细解答] 依据第一句话“I'd like to put an ad in the newspaper”可以做出判断。 第6题 What does the man want to sell? A Furniture. B Books. C Garden supplies. D An-apartment. 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 本题仍然是细节题。 [详细解答] 依据“I want to sell nay furniture”断定A为正确答案。 第7题 How will the man pay? A He will pay by check. B He will have the amount billed to his home address. C He will give the woman cash. D He will Come back to pay when he is bille 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 本题是细节题。 [详细解答] 先看题支，再有针对性的认真听。依据“I am just going to pay by cash”可以做出判断。 第8题   What is the purpose of the conversation? A To help the woman make a purchase. B To request the Woman's identification. C To show the woman for a course at City College. D To register the woman how to make out a check. 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文]   M: Will that be cash or charge? W: I want to pay by check if I may. M: Certainly. That's cash, then. W: Cash? M: Yes. Both money arid checks ate considered cash. Only credit cards are charge. W: Oh. M: Just make the check out to the Family Store. W: Okay. M: And I'll need two pieces of identification. A driver's license and a major credit card. W: Well, here's my driver's license, I don't have any charge cards. M: I think so. I need two numbers. Your student number is on the ID, isn't it? W: Yes, it is. Do you need anything else? M: Just put your telephone number on the front of the check. W: Okay. M: Good. Now let me give you your license, your ID, and your package. And thank you for shopping at the Family Store. W: Thank you. [试题分析] 本题考查的是会话的目的。需要从整体上把握。 [详细解答] 会话中有问题，会话的目的就是解决问题。关键词可以给出提示。依据会话中的关键词“cash”“pay”“money”“identification”等可以看出A为正确答案。 第9题 What is meant by the term cash? A Money. B Money or credit cards. C Credit cards or checks. D Checks or money. 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 本题是细节题。 [详细解答] 先看题支，再有针对性的认真听。依据“both money and checks are considered cash”可以看出D为正确答案。 第10题 What did the woman use as identification? A She used her student ID card and a charge card. B She used her credit card. C She used her driver's license and her student ID card. D She used her telephone number and her student ID car 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 本题是细节题。 [详细解答] 依据“Here is my driver's license”“your student number is on the ID”可以做出判断。 五、Listening Comprehension (News Broadcast)（共10小题,共10.0分）In this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow. 第1题   ______ people were killed in the Israel and Palestine clashes. A Four B One C Five D 200 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文]  Israelis and Palestinians are mourning their dead. Five people were killed and more than 200 wounded during Tuesday's 53rd anniversary of what Palestinians call the "great catastrophe" -- the creation of Israel and the mass displacement of Palestinians. Violence flared throughout the West Bank and Gaza on Tuesday. Israeli gunfire killed at least four Palestinians as protest marches became clashes with Israeli soldiers near military checkpoints and Jewish settlements. A Jewish settler was also killed and her father was wounded as they drove down a road in the West Bank. [试题分析] 本题考查捕捉数字的能力。 [详细解答] 听到“five people were killed”后便可判定C为正确选项。 第2题 Violence flared throughout the West Bank and Gaza on ______. A Monday B Friday C Wednesday D Tuesday 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 本题考查事件发生的时间。 [详细解答] 注意和本题题干相关的时间便可判定D为正确选项。 第3题   Secretary of State Colin Powell said ______. A Egypt may not deserve a proposed $ 2 billion military and fiscal aid package B US government would cut its foreign aid to Egypt and the Palestinians C the Bush administration is not going to work for Middle East peace D the Bush administration would continue its foreign aid to Egypt and the Palestinians 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文]   Secretary of State Colin Powell has spoken out against possible cuts in U. S. foreign aid to Egypt and the Palestinians while the Bush administration is working for Middle East peace. Secretary Powell appeared Tuesday before a Senate suhcommittee on the foreign aid budget. Republican Senator Milch McConnell said Egypt may not deserve a proposed $ 2 billion military and fiscal aid package because he says anti-Semitic rhetoric in government-run media is at an all time high. Secretary Powell says Cairo is very active in the peace process and plays an important role in the region. Mr. Powell also says the Bush administrations: peaks out when Egyptian newspapers print what he calls inappropriate remarks. Secretary Powell also defended proposed $ 75 million in humanitarian aid to the Palestinians in the face of Senate criticism blaming them for the violence with Israel. Mr. Powell said it is in the U. S. national interest not to cut funds to the Palestinians. [试题分析] 本题考查新闻要点。 [详细解答] 新闻的第一句往往是主题句，听清了该句便不难判定D为正确选项。 第4题 Mitch McConnell was ______. A Secretary of State B Republican senator C Democratic senator D the spokesman of the Bush administration 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 本题考查人物身份。 [详细解答] 根据选项可推测答案很可能在B、C之间。听时注意与人名相关的称谓，因而不难判定B为正确选项。 第5题 The serrate criticism blamed the Palestinians for ______. A the inappropriate remarks B the violation of human rights C the damage to the US national interest D the violence with Israel 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 本题考查事件的原因。 [详细解答] 听时注意捕捉与题干相关的信息。便可判定D为正确选项。 第6题   How many people have held a domonstration? A About 2,000. B About 1,000. C About 3,000. D About 4,000. 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文]   About 1,000 supporters of the suspended Solidarity Labour Union have held a demonstration in the western Polish city of Poznan, The demonstrators called for the release of jailed Solidarity leader Lech Walesa. The demonstration followed an official ceremony to mark the anniversary of a workers' revolt in Poznan 26 years ago. [试题分析] 本题考查新闻信息。 [详细解答] 听到“about 1,000 supporters”后可确定B为正确选项。 第7题 The demonstrators demanded A for the release of jailed Solidarity leader Lech Walesa B to suspend the Solidarity Labour Union C to mark the anniversary of a workers' revolt D for the punishment of those killers 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 本题考查新闻细节。 [详细解答] 听到关键句“…called for the release of…”便可判定A为正确选项。 第8题   The economy in the Latin American and Caribbean region grew by ______ last year. A 3 percent B 3.8 percent C 5 percent D 4 percent 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文]   A new United Nations report is predicting economic growth in Latin America this year will be slower than anticipated. The U. N. Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean released a survey Tuesday projecting three percent growth in the region. In February, the commission forecast a growth rate of three-point-eight percent. The regional economy grew by four percent last year. Economists with the U. N. committee, based in Santiago, Chile, say the slowing U. S. economy is the primary factor in Latin America's economic slowdown. The committee says a decline in direct foreign investment also played a part in the revised economic forecast, The U. N. agency is forecasting a good year for Brazil-- which has Latin America's largest economy. The commission predicts the Brazilian economy will expand by four percent this year. The Dominican Republic and Chile also get high marks. The U. N. office says Colombian; Ecuador and Venezuela will continue a steady recovery from economic instability. [试题分析] 本题考查对数字的捕捉能力。 [详细解答] 新闻出现了几个数字，关键在于与题干对号入座。注意与last year相关联的数字便可判定答案D。 第9题 A new United Nation's report is predicting ______. A economic growth in Latin America this year will be slower than anticipated B economic growth in Latin America this year will reach four percent C economic growth in Latin America this year will be faster than anticipated D direct investment will increase this year 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 本题考查新闻要点。 [详细解答] 从选项可推测答案可能是A和C其中之一。听到关键词slower便可判定A为正确选项。 第10题 The UN office says the following countries except ______ will continue a steady recovery from economic instability. A Brazil B Colombia C Ecuador D Venezuela 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 本题为是非题。 [详细解答] 注意新闻中出现的地名，从而不难判定A为正确选项。 六、Cloze（共20小题,共20.0分）Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two. 第1题 All Americans are at least vaguely (1) with the plight of the American Indian. Cutbacks in federal programs for Indians have made their problems (2) more severe in recent years. Josephy reports, " (3) 1981 it was estimated that cutbacks in federal programs for Indians totaled about $ 500 million" or more than ten times the cuts affecting their (4) fellow Americans. Additional cuts seem to be threatened in the future. This reduced funding is affecting almost all (5) of reservation life, (6) education. If the Indians could (7) their (8) problems, solutions to many of their other problems might not be far behind. In this paper the current status of Indian education will be described and (9) and some ways of improving this education will be proposed. Whether to (10) with the dominant American culture or to (11) Indian culture has been a longstanding issue in Indian education. After the Civil War full responsibility for Indian education was turned, over by the government to churches and missionary groups. The next fifty years became a period of (12) assimilation in all areas of Indian culture, but especially in religion and education. John Collier, a reformer who agitated (13) Indians and their culture (14) the early 1920s until his death in 1968, had a different idea. He believed that instead of effacing native culture, Indian schools should encourage and (15) it. Pressure to assimilate remains a potent force today, (16) . More and more Indians are graduating from high school and college and becoming (17) for jobs in the non-Indian society. " When Indians obtain the requisite skills, many of them enter the broader American society and succeed. " (18) approximately 90 percent of 'all Indian children are educated in state public school systems. How well these children compete with the members of the dominant society, (19) , is another (20) . A agreeable B regardless C familiar D sympathetic 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题考查形容词词义及与介词的搭配。 [详细解答] be familiar with(对……熟悉，了解)是固定搭配，符合本题题意。agreeable(宜人的，准备同意的)一般和介词to搭配；regardless(无论，不管)通常和介词of搭配；sympathetic有同情心的。因此C为正确选项。 第2题 A even B ever C greatly D further 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题考查形容词比较级的用法。 [详细解答] 程度副词(even，still，far等)可用在形容词比较级之前，以加强语气，因此A为正确选项。 第3题 A Since B Up to C Before D By the end of 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题考查介词(短语)的含义。 [详细解答] by the end of(到……底为止)符合本题题意。since自从……以来；up to自，到；before在……之前。因此D为正确选项。 第4题 A non-Indian B Indian C previous D former 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题为语义辨析题。 [详细解答] 根据该句中前面出现的Indians可知此处应选择相对应的单词non-Indian(非印第安的)。Indian(印第安的)，previous(以前的)，former(前面的，前任的)均不符合题意。因此A为正确选项。 第5题 A respects B aspects C kinds D parts 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题为词义辨析题。 [详细解答] 句中谓语动词为affect(影响)，根据句意这里应填入单词aspects，结合起来表示“几乎影响着居留地生活的各个方面”。respect尊敬；kind种类；part部分；均不符文意。 第6题 A except B regarding C besides D including 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题为语义辨析题。 [详细解答] including包括，符合本题题意。except除了……之外；regarding关于，涉及到；besides除了……还。因此D为正确选项。 第7题 A solve B dissolve C deal D treat 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题考查动词词义辨析。 [详细解答] 根据句意，这里应填solve与后面的problems构成动宾关系，表示“解决……问题”。dissolve分解，使溶解；使感动；deal作“处理，安排”讲时是不及物动词，加with以后才能直接接宾语；treat不符句意。 第8题 A cultural B educational C social D severe 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题为语义辨析题。 [详细解答] 根据前一句，知此处指有关教育方面 (educational)的问题。cultural(文化的)，social(社会的)，severe(严重的)，均不符合题意。因此B为正确选项。 第9题 A estimated B evaluated C settled D decided 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题为语义辨析题。 [详细解答] evaluate评价，符合本题题意；estimate估计；settle解决；decide决定。因此B为正确选项。 第10题 A agree B push forward C assimilate D deal 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题考查动词词义。 [详细解答] assimilate同化，吸收，符合本题题意。agree同意；push forward提出；deal处理。因此C为正确选项。 第11题 A preserve B keep up with C acknowledge D confess 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题考查动词词义辨析。 [详细解答] 从文章的内容来看，这里讲的是要不要“保留”印第安文化的问题，故A项preserve“保留，维持”符合题意，B项keep up with“跟上”不符题意，acknowledge及confess“承认”不符合题意。 第12题 A enforced B overall C contemptuous D unbelievable 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题考查形容词词义。 [详细解答] enforced强化的；被迫的，符合本题题意。overall总体的，全部的；contemptuous显示轻蔑的；unbelievable难以置信的。因此A为正确选项。 第13题 A in favor of B on behalf of C side by side with D far behind 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题考查介词短语的用法。 [详细解答] in favor of有利于，赞同，符合本题题意。on behalf of代表；side by side with与……肩并肩；far behind远远落后于。因此A为正确选项。 第14题 A in B through C from D during 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题考查介同词义辨析。 [详细解答] 句意要表示“从19世纪20年代早期一直到1968年”，只能用“from…until”表示，故选C。 第15题 A realize B assimilate C acknowledge D revitalize 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题考查动词含义。 [详细解答] revitalize使新生，使恢复活力，符合本题题意。realize意识到；assimilate同化、吸收；acknowledge承认，因此D为正确选项。 第16题 A yet B furthermore C however D just the same 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题为语篇结构辨析题。 [详细解答] however然而，但是，符合本题题意。yet然而，还未，放在句末不需要逗号隔开；furthermore进一步说，一般不置于句末；just the same同样。因此C为正确选项。 第17题 A available B reachable C suitable D eligible 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题为语义辨析题。 [详细解答] eligible合格的，适合的，符台本题题意。available可用的，有效的；reachable可达到的，可到达的；suitable合适的，恰当的。因此D为正确选项。 第18题 A In the future B In the past C At present D Maybe 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题考查状语的含义。 [详细解答] At present目前，符合本题题意。In the future在未来；In the past在过去；Maybe或许，可能。因此C为正确选项。 第19题 A therefore B consequently C however D moreover 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 逻辑衔接题。 [详细解答] 根据上下文逻辑关系和单词在句中所处的位置，可以判断此处应填表示转折关系的however(然而)。A、B项均表示因果关系，选项D moreover表示递近，不符合句意。 第20题 A question B issue C aspect D matter 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题为语义辨析题。 [详细解答] matter事物，事情，问题，符合本题题意；question询问，问题，尤指讨论中的问题；issue引起讨论的问题，用在比较正式或官方的场合；aspect指事物的一个方面。 七、Grammar and Vocabulary（本大题30小题．每题1.0分，共30.0分。There are several sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two. ） 第1题 "Tina looks especially pretty tonight. " "Yes, she always looks her best in ______ of that color. " A. dress B. a dress C. that dress D. the dress 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题考查冠词的用法。 [详细解答] 可数名词用不定冠词可表示“一”这个数量和一类。某些习惯用语，也常用不定冠词。dress指一切衣服；a dress表示一件女衫。因此B为正确选项。 第2题 They have considered their high standard of living a (n) ______ for practising their basic beliefs. A. award B. reward C. result D. consequence 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题为语义辨析题。 [详细解答] reward意为“报答；奖赏”；award意为“奖；奖品”；result意为“结果”；consequence意为“后果”。 第3题 Without a (an) ______ passport a tourist is forbidden to enter a country. A. operative B. effective C. valid D. efficient 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题考查形容词的词义。 [详细解答] 四个选项都有“有效”的意思，但它们的含义有所不同。valid意为“有效的，合法的”，通常指证件等合法、有效；operative指法津、法规，规定等“有效的”；effective常指方法或措施有效，强调能达到预期效果；efficient可以指人有能力或指某方法有效，强调“通过最短的时间和最少的精力达到预期效果。”因此C为正确选项。 第4题 "Maria has blisters in her boots. " "She ______ walking such a long distance. " A. was used not to B. used to C. is not used to D. did not used to 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题考查动词短语的用法。 [详细解答] be used to + V-ing分词，意为“习惯于……”，V-ing分词作动词短语的宾语。used to+动词原形，意为“过去常常……”。因此C为正确答案。 第5题 To survive in the intense market competition, we must ______ the qualities and varieties of products we make to the world-market demand. A. improve B. guarantee C. gear D. enhance 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题考查动词的词义及搭配。 [详细解答] gear to意为“使……适合，配合”；符合本题题意；enhance意为“增加，提高”；guarantee意为“保证，担保”；improve则作“提高，改善”讲。因此C为正确选项。 第6题 I am quite sure that I can ______ Michael into letting us use his car tomorrow. A. speak B. talk C. tell D. say 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题考查动词词义及搭配。 [详细解答] talk sb. into doing sth. 是一个固定搭配，意为“劝说，说服某人(做某事)”。而其他三个选项尽管都有“说，讲”的意思，但不与into构成类似搭配。因此B为正确选项。 第7题 We hadn't expected a power cut so we were astonished when the whole house was ______ into darkness. A. dived B. plunged C. drowned D. dropped 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题考查动词词义及搭配。 [详细解答] plunge一般与into连用，指陷于某种状态；drop意为“落下，滴下，下降”；dive则意为“跳水，俯冲，突然潜入”，这是个不及物动词，不能用于被动语态；drown作“淹死，淹没”讲。因此只有B符合题意，为正确选项。 第8题 Jean could be a very attractive girl but she ______ to her clothes. A. pays no attention B. was paying no attention C. paid no attention D. had paid no attention 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题为语法题，考查时态的运用。 [详细解答] 由but连接的并列句，后一句往往表示语气的转折，时态可视具体情况而定，不强求一致。这里第一句表示虚拟，后一句表示现在的真实情况。因此A为正确选项。 第9题 It was surprising that the hotel looked rather shabby outside was luxuriously and ______ furnished inside. A. artificially B. arrogantly C. arbitrarily D. artistically 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题考查副词词义。 [详细解答] artistically意为“艺术地，精巧地”，符合本题题意。arbitrarily作“任意地，武断地”讲；arrogantly则意为“傲慢地，狂妄地”。因此D为正确选项。 第10题 As I regard it, you can widen the ______ of these improvements through your active participation. A. volume B. dimension C. magnitude D. scope 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题弩查名涮词义。 [详细解答] scope意为“范围”，最符合题意；dimension意为“尺寸”；volume作“容积，体积”讲；magnitude意为“宏大，硕大”。因此D为正确选项。 第11题 ______ he daydreamed, Peter saw figures in the sky. A. Until B. Since C. While D. During 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题考查连词的用法。 [详细解答] while连接的两个句子的动作是同时发生的。因此C为正确选项。 第12题 "How dark your brother's hair is!" "It's ______ mine when I was at his age. " A. no darker than B. no more darker as C. not dark more than D. not darker as 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题考查形容词的比较级。 [详细解答] 形容词与副词的比较级前可用much，far，a lot，still，even等副词修饰，也可用否定词no修饰，意为“不比……，和……一样”。因此A为正确选项。 第13题 "Can you ride a horse?" "No, I never had the chance ______. " A. for learning B. for learning how C. how to learn it D. to learn how 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题考查不定式的用法。 [详细解答] 不定式作定语，用来说明被修饰的名词的内容。这个不定式相当于被修饰的那个名词的表语。这类名词常见的有：campaign，chance，courage， opportunity，right，etc，因此D为正确选项。 第14题 Before the tourists set off, they spent much time setting a limit ______ the expenses of the trip. A. for B. in C. to D. about 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题考查固定搭配。 [详细解答] limit常与介词to搭配，作“对……限制”讲；其他介词均不与limit搭配。因此C为正确选项。 第15题 Following are comments about the behavior that people in Korea usually expect in various social ______. A. occasions B. cases C. situations D. circumstances 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题考查近义词辨析。 [详细解答] occasion意为“场合，节庆活动”；case意为“事实；情况”；situation意为“情况；处理”；circumstance意为“环境；形势”。 第16题 Mac's close ______ to his brother made people mistake them for one another. A. resemblance B. identity C. appearance D. relationship 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题考查动词的词义及搭配。 [详细解答] 这四个名词中resemblance后面可接介词to，表示“与……相似”。relationship后面接to时意为“和……的关系”。 第17题 "What authors do you like?" "Shakespeare is ______. " A. favorite for me B. my favorite C. for me the favorite D. the favorite of mine 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题考查物主代词的运用。 [详细解答] 物主代词分名词性和形容词性两种，避免两种物主代词的误用。这里mine = my favorite author。 第18题 To drive a car safely, it is ______ good brakes. A. essential with B. essential having C. essential to have D. essential have 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题为语法题，考查不定式的语法作用。 [详细解答] 不定式作主语时，通常使用形式主语it；对此应特别注意，避免误用。因此C为正确答案。 第19题 Internet, a ______ of millions of computers linked world wide, is the largest system serving e-mail messengers. A. unity B. connection C. network D. combination 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题考查名词词义。 [详细解答] network意为“网络，网状系统”，符合题意；unity作“统一，团结”讲；combination则意为“结合，联合”；connection意为“连接，联系，关系”。因此C为正确选项。 第20题 He handled the company in ______ with his brother. A. combination B. mixture C. collaboration D. association 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 本题是近义词辨析题。 [详细解答] collaboration协作，合作，in collaboration with与……合作。其余三词均不合题意。 第21题 I beg ______ your nephew's wedding. A. to be excused B. to be excused from C. to excuse front D. to be excused to 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 本题是搭配题。 [详细解答] excuse sb. from sth. (doing sth.)意为允许不(参加)某活动，常用词组。注意要使用被动语态。 第22题 Once you become a soldier, you will be given a monthly ______ by the army. A. income B. allowance C. wage D. salary 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 本题是近义词辨析题。 [详细解答] allowance津贴、补助；income泛指收入；wage(体力劳动者的)工资；salary(白领人员的)薪水。战士领取的应是津贴allowance。 第23题 The doctor advised him to stay in bed, saying he was much______. A. ill enough B. too ill C. so ill D. very ill 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 本题是搭配题。 [详细解答] 为强调程度的大小，可以在副词too的前面加上much，far，a little等词。此句中much用来修饰too ill，其余选项均不适合。 第24题 He ought to attend the meeting, ______? A. should he B. ought he C. shouldn't he D. oughtn't he 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 本题是结构题。 [详细解答] 当should和ought to作“应该”之意时，可互换，表示推论。但在疑问句中一般不用ought to 而用should，比如：Should we begin?而不会刚Ought we to begin? 第25题 All the flights ______ because of the snowstorm, we had to take the train instead. A. were canceled B. had been canceled C. having canceled D. having been canceled 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 本题为时态题，兼考语态。 [详细解答] 该句的前半句使用的是独立结构，由于动作发生在过去，所以根据题意要求，使用了完成式被动语态。 第26题 The only candidate ______ can hope to defeat him is quit now. A. who B. which C. that D. when 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 本题考查先行词的用法。 [详细解答] 在下列两种情况下只能用that引导定语从句，月作宾语时经常省略。 1)先行词由形容词的最高级或由序数词last，next，only等限定词修饰时； 2)先行词为all，everything，anything，nothing，little，much等时。 参照第1条，本题只能用that。 第27题 I'm in no ______ now to go to concert with you. A. mood B. intention C. emotion D. sense 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 本题是词义搭配题。 [详细解答] in mood表示有……的心情，常用词组；intention表示意愿；emotion表示情感；sense表示感觉，均不符合题意。 第28题 I was ______ study French yesterday, but I changed my mind. A. to be starting B. to start C. to have started D. to have been starting 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 本题为时态题，兼考语态。 [详细解答] 要表示“过去想做而未做的事”，在本句中的表达方式应为was (were) + to have done sth，译为“本来想做……的事。” 第29题 The reporters exposed the corruption of several senior officers in the government ; consequently, these officers ______ to resign from office. A. have asked B. were asked C. had asked D. had been asked 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题为时态及语态题。 [详细解答] 使用主动语态的选项应先排除，使用过去完成时态则将时间先后顺序颠倒了，故只有B项与句中的时态、语态相符。 第30题 You'd rather go to theater with him this evening, ______? A. are you B. hadn't you C. isn't it D. wouldn't you 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 本题为搭配题。 [详细解答] You'd rather为You would rather的简略方式，因此在反意问句中用助动词would提问。 八、Reading Comprehension (Comprehension)（共20小题,共20.0分）In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two. 第1题 Anna Douglas was 72 years old when she started writing her newspaper column. She had been the director of a school and a camp before she retired, but she needed to keep busy. She was even willing to work without pay. That was the reason she found a volunteer job with an agency. The agency that she chose to work for was a business that helped other businesses find jobs for old people. Every day she talked with other retired people like herself. By talking, she recognized two things. Old people had abilities that were not being used. Old people also had problems--mostly problems with communication. Mrs. Douglas found a new purpose for herself. Through the years, from time to time she had written stories about people for national magazines. Now there was a new subject: old people like herself. She began to write a newspaper column called "Sixty Plus," which focused on getting old. She writes about the problems of old people, especially their problems with being misunderstood. Anna Douglas uses her thinking ability to see the truth behind a problem. She understands the reasons why problems begin. She understands old people and young people, too. For example, one of her readers said that his grandchildren left the house as soon as he came to visit. Mrs. Douglas suggested some ways for him to increase understanding with his grandchildren. She told him to listen to young people's music and to watch the most popular television shows. "It's important to know something about your grandchildren's world," says Mrs. Douglas. "That means questioning and listening--and listening is not what oldsters do best," she continues, "Say good things to them and about them. Never criticize your grandchildren or any other youngsters, teenagers, or young adults. Never tell them that they are wrong. Don't give them your opinion. They have been taught that they should have respect for old people. The old should have respect for the young as well. \ Anna Douglas understands the problems of old people ______. A because she likes their music B because she has grandchildren C because she watches their television programs D because she is old herself 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题为推论题。 [详细解答] 在原文第一和第二段中有两句话：“Every day she talked with other retired people like herself.(她每天都和那些同她一样都退休的老人交谈。)”；“Now there was a new subject: old people like herself.(现在又有了一个新的课题：同她一样的那些老年人。)”。这两句话都强调了“同她一样”，实际上暗示了安娜?道格拉斯之所以了解老年人问题是因为她本人就是老年人。其他三个选项均不全面。因此D为正确选项。 第2题 Anna Douglas' newspaper column ______. A is about how to find jobs for old people B spreads ideas for youngsters C discusses the problems of old people D contains mostly funny stories 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题为细节题。 [详细解答] 根据原文第二段最后两句，安娜编写的报纸专栏集中探讨的是变老的问题，尤其是老年人被误解的问题。因此C为正确选项。 第3题 What advice did Mrs. Douglas NOT give to the reader whose grandchildren didn't want to see him? A Listen to popular music. B Tell more interesting stories. C Try to understand the grandchildren. D Watch more popular TV shows. 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题为是非题。 [详细解答] 根据原文第三段最后两句，道格拉斯夫人给这位读者建议了几种增进对孙子的理解的方法，她推荐这位老人去听年轻人的音乐和看流行的电视节日。而这些建议未包括B项Tell more interesting stories.(讲更有趣的故事。)因此B为正确选项。 第4题 The main point of Mrs. Douglas' advice is ______. A old people should understand and respect the young B old people have a lot to learn from the young C poor hearing often causes-old people to misunderstand the young D old people should show respect for the young even when they criticize them 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 此题为段落主旨题。 [详细解答] 根据原文最后一段第一句及最后一句，道格拉斯夫人认为对孙子的世界多了解是非常重要的；老年人同样要尊重年轻人。因此道格拉斯夫人的建汉的中心意思是A项。B项“老年人有许多东西要向年轻人学习”，文中只说明要了解年轻人的世界；C项“听力差常导致年轻人被老年人误解”，文中“listening”指的是听年轻人的想法；D项“老年人即使在批评年轻人时也要尊重他们”，这并非道格拉斯夫人的建议。 第5题 Chemistry did not emerge as a science until after the scientific revolution in the seventeenth century and then only rather slowly and laboriously. But chemical knowledge is as old as history, being almost entirely concerned with the practical arts of living. Cooking is essentially a chemical process; so is the melting of metals and the administration of drugs and potions. This basic chemical knowledge, which was applied in most cases as a rule of thumb, was nevertheless dependent on previous experiment. It also served to stimulate a fundamental curiosity about the processes themselves. New information was always being gained as artisans improved techniques to gain better results. The development of a scientific approach to chemistry was, however, hampered by several factors. The most serious problem was the vast range of material available and the consequent difficulty of organizing it into some system. In addition, there were social and intellectual difficulties, chemistry is nothing if not practical; those who practice it must use their hands, they must have a certain practical flair. Yet in many ancient civilizations, practical tasks were primarily the province of a slave population. The thinker or philosopher stood apart from this mundane world, where the practical arts appeared to lack any intellectual content or interest. The final problem for early chemical science was the element of secrecy. Experts in specific trades had developed their own techniques and guarded their knowledge to prevent others from stealing their livelihood. Another factor that contributed to secrecy was the esoteric nature of the knowledge of alchemists, who were trying to transform base metals into gold or were concerned with the hunt for the elixir that would bestow the blessing of eternal life. In one sense, the second of these was the more serious impediment because the records of the chemical processes that early alchemists had discovered were often written down in symbolic language intelligible to very few or in symbols that were purposely obscure. What is the passage mainly about? A The scientific revolution in the seventeenth century. B Reasons that chemistry developed slowly as a science. C The practical aspects of chemistry. D Difficulties of organizing knowledge systematically. 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 主题归纳型．通过和归纳，进而得出文章的主题。 [详细解答] 选项A的意思是“十七世纪的科学革命”，这只是在文章的第一段中提到了这一点，但只是其中一个非常小的细节：选项B的意思是“化学作为一门学科发展缓慢的原因”，在文章的第二段和第三段中作者花了很多的笔墨讲述化学发展缓慢的原因，故它是本题的正确答案；选项C的意思是“化学的实用方面”，这只是文章第二段所提到的一个细节；选项D的意思是“把化学知识有系统地组织起来的困难”，这只是所提出的三个原因中的一个，不能以偏盖全。故本题的正确答案是B。 第6题 According to the passage, how did knowledge about chemical processes increase before the seventeenth century? A Philosophers devised theories about chemical properties. B A special symbolic language was developed. C Experience led workers to revise their techniques. D Experts shared their discoveries with the publi 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 细节推理型，根据文章中的相关信息，并进行分析和总结。 [详细解答] 选项A的意思是“哲学家编写了有关化学知识的理论。”，文章第二段的最后一句活The thinker or philosopher stood apart from this mundane world告诉我们哲学家远离有关的化学知识，而不是编写了理论；选项B的意思是“形成了一套特殊的符号语言”，文章最后一段的最后一句话告诉我们使用符号的原因是为了保守秘密，而不是为了发展化学知识；选项C的意思是“经验引导着工人们改进他们的技术。”，第一段所讲的内容正是关于这一点，而且这也是发展化学知识的方法，故是正确答案；选项D的意思是“专家们与公众分享这些化学知识”，文章第三段明显提到为了保守秘密他们这些炼丹术士采取多种手段保守秘密，所以该选项不正确。 第7题 The bold word "hampered" in Line 1 Para 2 is closest in meaning to ______. A recognized B determined C solved D hindered 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 词义推测型，通过对上下文的理解，推测出生词的意思。 [详细解答] 做这类题目时，首先找到该单词所在的位置，并把上下文的句子仔细研读。它们所提供的线索和提示会告诉我们这个陌生单词的意思。在这句话中的hamper的意思是“阻碍，挡住”。而在四个选项中，只有选项D hinder是这个意思。故本题的正确答案是D。 第8题 The bold word "it" refers to which of the following? A Problem. B Material. C Difficulty. D System. 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 词义推测型，通过对上下文的理解，推测出代词所代指的含义。 [详细解答] 做这类题目时，首先找到该代词所在的位置，并把上下文的句子仔细研读。它们所提供的线索和提示会告诉我们这个陌生单词的意思。特别是该代词前面的名词短语或从句。一般来说，这类题目的答案都能在同一句话的主语或宾语，或者在前一句话的主语和宾语中找到。仔细阅读完前面的句子后，我们可以得知这里it指的是material。 第9题 Which of the following statements best explains why "the second of these was the more serious impediment" (Underlined)? A Chemical knowledge was limited to a small number of people. B The symbolic language used was very imprecise. C Very few new discoveries were made by alchemists. D The records of the chemical processes were not based on experiments. 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 语句理解型，考查学生对文章中难点句子的理解和解释。 [详细解答] 选项A的意思是“化学知识只是局限在少数人的手中。”，文章第三段所讲的内容正是关于这一点，故选项A是正确答案；选项B的意思是“所使用的符号语言不准确”，文章第三段中提到了intelligible to very few or in symbols that were purposely obscure告诉我们这些符号并不是不准确；选项C的意思是“非常少的发现是由炼丹术士发现的”，文章第三段中所提到的信息告诉我们大部分发现都是由这些术士发现的，与文章内容不符；选项D的意思是“关于化学过程的记录不是建立在实验的基础上”，原文中明确提到所有化学知识的记录都是建立在实验的基础上。 第10题 An important new industry, oil refining, grew after the Civil War. Crude oil, or petroleum a dark, thick ooze from the earth had been known for hundreds of years, but little use had ever been made of it. In the 1850' s Samuel M. Kier, a manufacturer in western Pennsylvania, began collecting the oil from local scapages and refining it into kerosene. Refining, like smelting, is a process of removing impurities from a raw material. Kerosene was used to light lamps. It was a cheap substitute for whale oil, which was becoming harder to get. Soon there was a large demand for kerosene. People began to search for new supplies of petroleum. The first oil well was drilled by E. L. Drake, are tired railroad conductor, in 1859 he began drilling in Titusville, Pennsylvania. The whole venture seemed so impractical and foolish that onlookers, called it "Drake' s Folly". But when he had drilled down about 70 feet (21 meters), Drake struck oil. His well began to yield 20 barrels of crude oil a day. News of Drake's success brought oil prospectors to the scene. By the early 1860' s these wildcatters were drilling for "black gold" all over western Pennsylvania. The boom rivaled the California gold rush of 1848 in its excitement and Wild West atmosphere. And it brought far more wealth to the prospectors than any gold rush. Chide oil could be refined into many products. For some years kerosene continued to be the principal one. It was sold in grocery stores and door -to -door, In the 1880' s and 1890' s refiners learned how to make other petroleum products such as waxes and lubricating oils. Petroleum was not then used to make gasoline or heatingoil. What is the best title for the passage? A Oil Refining: A Historical Perspective B The California Gold Rush: Get Rich Quickly C Private Property: Trespassers Will Be Prosecuted D Kerosene Lamps: A Light in the Tunnel 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 主旨归纳型，通过详细阅读文章，找出该文章的最佳标题。 [详细解答] 选项A的意思是“炼油业-历史的展望”，与全文的内容完全一致；选项B的意思是“加利福尼亚的淘金热一迅速致富”，这只是文章中一个非常小的细节；选项C的意思是“个人财产-入侵者将被起诉”，这与本文的内容压根无关；选项D的意思是“煤油灯-隧道里的亮光”，这只是文章第三段中的一个小细节。故本文的最佳标题是选项A。 第11题 It can be inferred form the passage that kerosene was preferable to whale oil because whale oil was too ______. A expensive B thick C hot D polluted 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 细节推理型，通过对某一段活的理解，并进行总结和概括。 [详细解答] 文章第二段第二句话It was a cheap substitute for whale oil, which was becoming harder to get.告诉我们鲸油很难得到，而且煤油是一个比较便宜的替代品。故本题的正确答案是A。 第12题 According to the passage, many people initially thought that E. L. Drake had made a mistake by ______. A going on a whaling expedition B moving to Pennsylvania C searching for oil D retiring from his job 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 细节推理型，通过对某一段活的理解，并进行总结和概括。 [详细解答] 文章第三段话中的The first oil well was drilled by E. L. Drake, a tired railroad conductor. In 1859 he began drilling in Titusville. Pennsylvania. The whole venture seemed so impractical and foolish that onlookers called it "Drake's Folly". 告诉我们E. L. Drake开始寻找石油时，被人们认为是愚蠢的行为。故本题的正确答案是C。 第13题 Why does the author mention the California gold rush? A To explain the need for an increased supply of gold B To indicate the extent of United States mineral wealth C To describe the mood when oil was first discovered D To argue that gold was more valuable than oil 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 细节推理型，通过对某一段话的理解，并进行总结和概括。 [详细解答] 文章第四段中The boom rivaled the California gold rush of 1848 in its excitement and Wild West atmosphere. 提到了“淘金热”。仔细阅读前后的句子，我们可以得出结论：这里是把“淘金热”和发现石油的狂热加以对比。而在四个选项中，只有C在意思和观点上与原文相一致。故本题的正确答案是C。 第14题 Which of the following words could best replace the word "one" Underlined)? A Oil. B Door. C Store. D Product. 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 词义推测型，通过对上下文的理解，推测出代词所代指的含义。 [详细解答] 做这类题目时，首先找到该代词所在的位置，并把上下文的句子仔细研读。它们所提供的线索和提示会告诉我们这个陌生单词的意思。特别是该代词前面的名词短语或从句。一般来说，这类题目的答案都能在同一句话的主语或宾语，或者在前一句话的主语和宾语中找到。仔细阅读完前面的句子后，我们可以得知这里one指的是product。故本题的正确答案是D。 第15题 Archaeology has long been an accepted tool for studying prehistoric cultures. Relatively recently the same techniques have been systematically applied to studies of the more immediate past. This has been called "historical archaeology," a term that is used in the United States to refer to any archaeological investigation into North American sites that postdate the arrival of Europeans. Back in the 1930's and 1940's, when building restoration was popular, historical archaeology Was primarily a tool of architectural reconstruction. The role of archaeologists was to find the foundations of historic buildings and then take a back seat to architects. The mania for reconstruction had largely subsided by the 1950's and 1960's. Most people entering historical archaeology during this period came out of university anthropology departments, where they had studied prehistoric cultures. They were, by training, social scientists, not historians, and their work tended to reflect this bias. The questions they framed and the techniques they used were designed to help them understand, as scientists, how people behaved. But because they were treading on historical ground for which there was often extensive written documentation, and because their own knowledge of these periods was usually limited, their contributions to American history- remained circumscribed. Their reports, highly technical and sometimes poorly written, went unread. More recently, professional archaeologists have taken over. These researchers have sought to demonstrate that their work can be a valuable tool not only of science but also of history, providing fresh insights into the daily lives of ordinary people whose existences might not otherwise be so well documented. This newer emphasis on archaeology as social history, has shown great promise, and indeed work done in this area has lead to a reinterpretation of the United States past. In Kingston, New York, for example, evidence has been uncovered that indicates that English goods were being smuggled into that city at a time when the Dutch supposedly controlled trading in the area. And in Sacramento an excavation at the site of a fashionable nineteenth-century hotel revealed that garbage had been stashed in the building's basement despite sanitation laws to the contrary. What does the passage mainly discuss? A Why historical archaeology was first developed. B How the methods and purpose of historical archaeology have changed. C The contributions architects make to historical archaeology. D The attitude, of professional archaeologists toward historical archaeology. 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 考查学生分析理解全文宗旨的能力。 [详细解答] A为什么历史考古学首先得到发展；B历史考古学的方法和目的是如何发生变化的；C建筑对历史考古学做的贡献；D职业考古学家对历史考古学的态度。文章第一、二段开始提到历史考古学，第三、四段讲到它的方法和目的的变化，第五段举例证明。故B为正确选项。 第16题 What was popular in the 1930's and 1940's? A Studying prehistoric cultures. B Archaeological investigation. C Building restoration. D Historical archaeology. 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 考查学生对文章内容掌握的能力。 [详细解答] A研究史前文化；B考古调查；C建筑物重建；D历史考古学。由第二段第一句when building restoration was popular知C项为正确答案。 第17题 According to the first paragraph, what is a relatively new focus in archaeology? A Investigating the recent past. B Studying prehistoric cultures. C Excavating ancient sites in what is now the United States. D Comparing findings made in North America and in Europ 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 考查学生分析段落大意的能力。 [详细解答] A最近的过去的调查；B史前的文化研究；C在现在的美国挖掘出的古老遗迹；D比较在北美和在欧洲的发现。第一段第二句：Relatively recently the same techniques have been systematically applied to studies of the more immediate past。表明A为正确选项。 第18题 According to the passage, when had historical archaeologists been trained as anthropologists? A Prior to the 1930's. B During the 1930's and 1940's. C During the 1950's and 1960's. D After the 1960's. 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 考查学生掌握细节的能力。 [详细解答] A 20世纪30年代之前；B 20世纪30年代到40年代之间；C 20世纪50年代和60年代之间；D 20世纪60年代之后。仔细阅读第三段第一、二句话可以看出最佳选择是C。 第19题 In the third paragraph, the author implies that the techniques of history and social science are ______. A quite different from each other B equally useful in studying prehistoric cultures C usually taught to students of archaeology D both based on similar principles 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 考查学生分析比较的能力。 [详细解答] A非常不同于彼此；B在研究史前文化时同等有用；C通常教授于学考古学的学生；D两者都依据类似的原则。第三段第五句表明：历史考古学家进入社会，由于他们知识有限以及长期从事历史文献的深入研究，故他们对美国社会的贡献并不大。这一切都说明A是本题的最佳选择。 第20题 The author mentions an excavation at the site of a hotel in Sacramento in order to give an example of ______. A a building reconstruction project B the work of the earliest historical archaeologists C a finding that conflicts with written records D the kind of information that historians routinely examine 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 本题测试考生根据文章内容进行综合归纳的能力。 [详细解答] A建筑物再建设计；B最初的历史考古学家的工作；C与记录的文献相冲突的发现；D历史学家照常规核查的信息。文章第四段第一、二句话表明：职业考古学家正在提供崭新的视点来反映普通人的生活，而他们的生活通常没有正确的记载。紧接着作者开始在最后一段举出例子证明与记录的文献相冲突的发现。故C是正确选项。 九、Listening Comprehension （Passages）（共10小题,共10.0分）In this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow. 第1题   Which is not mentioned in the passage as an aspect that farming activities are damaging? A Soil. B Human population. C Forest. D Water. 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文]   Experts say some farming activities are seriously damaging Earth's environment. Bad farming methods can damage soil, forests and water supplies. They also have caused some plants and animals to disappear. Two groups now say that bad farming methods are threatening the ability of farmers to produce enough food to feed the world population in the future. The groups used satellite images, maps and modern equipment to study the effect of agriculture on the environment. The study found that the destruction of soil is widespread, Important organic nutrients are being removed from farmland. Agriculture uses seventy percent of the freshwater in the word each year. The study found that many farmers are wasting water supplies. In addition, chemicals designed to protect crops may pollute waterways. The report also says as much as thirty percent of the world's forests have been cut down so the land could be used for agriculture. This has led to a severe loss of wildlife and their environments. [试题分析] 本题测试的是文章的细节部分。 [详细解答] “Bad farming methods can damage soil, forests and water supplies.”，因此用排除法可以很轻易地得出答案。 第2题 How can the group carry out their studies? A By using satellite images, maps, etc. B By studying specific farming methods. C By studying the variation of human population. D By analyzing the quality of crops. 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 本题考查的是对细节部分的把握。 [详细解答] “The groups used satellite images, maps and modern equipment to study the effect of agriculture on the environment.”答案同样一目了然。 第3题 According to this passage, why the farming activities can affect the animals? A By forcing them farming. B By .affecting the quality of soils. C By adding chemicals and polluting the waterways. D By 'affecting the environments they live in. 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 本题测试的也是对文章的理解。 [详细解答] 根据文章内容，我们可以知道坏的耕作方法会破坏石油，森林及水资源，而这正是人类和动物们赖以生存的环境。 第4题   Why American scientists are developing these maps? A To estimate the extreme weather. B To develop the satellite technology. C To improve agricultural output. D To learn how to change information to maps more efficiently. 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文]  American scientists are developing maps that can identify areas of future flooding. The maps also may help scientists estimate the possibility of extremely dry weather and severe storms. Tom Jackson of the United States Department of Agriculture prepared the map after the April flood. He used information provided by satellites in Earth orbit. The maps are produced from dish receivers on the satellites. Each dish receiver measures the wetness of the soil by capturing the natural release of microwave radiation from the soil. The receivers turn rapidly. This provides complete coverage of each area the satellite passes over. Mr. Jackson and other scientists have tested Aqua's equipment in airplanes and satellites flying over several states. The scientists used the tests to develop ways to change the information gathered into maps. Mr. Jackson now plans to compare the microwave dish receiver findings with information from tests on Earth's soil. He will use instruments at Agricultural Research Service centers in four states. He also mill study information provided by forty ground observation centers across the country. [试题分析] 本题考查的是对细节部分的把握。 [详细解答] “American scientists are developing maps that call identify areas of future flooding. The maps also may help scientists estimate the possibility of extremely dry weather and severe storms”，从此句中，我们可以看出只有选项A符合题目要求。 第5题 How can the satellites catch the information about the soil? A By turning the intensity of sunshine into maps. B By analyzing the recent weather report. C By capturing the microwave radiation from the soil. D By analyzing information provided by ground observation centers. 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 本题测试的是文章的细节部分。 [详细解答] “Each dish receiver measures the wetness of the soil by capturing the natural release of microwave radiation from the soil.”，很容易看出答案是C。 第6题 What is the future work planned to do? A Acquire information from satellites more efficiently. B To realize full coverage of area the satellite passes over. C Building more ground observation centers. D Compare satellites information with those from groun 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 本题测试的是对句意的理解。 [详细解答] “Mr. Jackson now plans to compare the microwave dish receiver findings with information from tests on Earth's soil. He will use instruments at Agricultural Research Service centers in four states. He also will study information provided by forty ground observation centers across the country．”从这长长的一句话中，我们可以看出Mr. Jackson打算的就是要拿卫星的发现和地面上的研究作比较。 第7题   What is this passage mainly about? A Call on people to protect sharks. B Point out the living environment of sharks. C Explain why the sharks are dangerous. D An introduction to sharks. 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文]   Scientists say sharks have lived in the world's oceans for millions of years. Scientists say there are more than three-hundred-fifty different kinds of sharks. Sharks do not have bones, and a shark has an extremely good sense of smell. It can find small amounts of substances in the water, such as blood, body liquids and chemicals produced by animals. Sharks also sense electrical and magnetic power linked to nerves and muscles of living animals. These powerful senses help them find their food. Some sharks will eat just about anything. Many unusual things have been found in the stomachs of some tiger sharks. They include shoes, dogs, a sow's foot and metal protective clothing. About forty percent of the different kinds of sharks lay eggs. The others give birth to live young. Some sharks carry their young inside their bodies like humans do. Scientists are beginning to understand the importance of sharks to humans. Medical researchers want to learn more about the shark's body defense system against disease. They know that sharks recover quickly from injuries. Sharks appear never to suffer infections, cancer or heart diseases. [试题分析] 本题考查的是对整篇文章的理解。 [详细解答] 听遍全文，我们可以得出结论：本文是一篇介绍鲨鱼的科普文章，因此答案是D。 第8题 How can sharks find their quarries? A By good sense of water waves made by quarries. B By good sense of smell and electrical magnetic power. C By good sense of light. D By good sense of bloo 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 本题需要的是综合判断能力。 [详细解答] 原文中有这样几句话：“a shark has an extremely good sense of smell”，“Sharks also sense electrical and magnetic power linked to nerves and muscles of living animals. These powerful senses help them find their food.”因此就可以得出答案是B。 第9题 In which point some sharks are similar with humans? A Bone structure. B Smell ability. C Birth mode. D Recover ability against diseas 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 本题测试的是对句意的理解。 [详细解答] “The others give birth to live young. Some sharks carry their young inside their bodies like humans do.”从此句，我们可以看出鲨鱼和人类的相似之处正是生产方式相同。 第10题 Why sharks are useful for humans? A Their tasty meat. B The principle of their defense system against disease. C Their solid skin. D The principle of their birth modes. 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 本题测试的是文章的细节部分。 [详细解答] “Medical researchers want to learn more about the shark's body defense system against disease”，从这句可以看出，对人类来说，鲨鱼的研究价值就是它那近乎完美的对疾病的抵抗系统。 跟多试卷请访问《做题室》www.zuotishi.com