模具专外lesson5

UnitTwoLesson5JigandFixtureDesign 教学目标及要求1.掌握课文中有关钻具、夹具等方面的专业词汇和专业术语；2.结合钻具、夹具的相关专业知识阅读课文，提高翻译能力。 重点1.钻具、夹具的专业词汇和专业术语；2.翻译课文重点：钻具、夹具的概念及类型；钻具、夹具时需考虑的因素。难句分析及翻译的基础知识Part（Ⅱ）翻译的基本技巧一、词义引申（三）词义抽象化;（四）词的搭配 教学思路设计时间分配（共100min）：1、讲解课文中的专业词汇和术语；2、讲解课后生词、大声朗读；3、翻译课文，注意穿插相关专业知识；4、分析难点句型，讲解相关语法和翻译技巧；5、学生答疑。Contents BackgroundKnowledge NewWordsandPhrased TextAnalysis Questions GlossaryofTerms LanguagePoints&TranslatingTechniques ReadingMaterials Summary ReferencesJigandFixtureDesign Jigsareworkholderswhicharedesignedtohold,locate,andsupportaworkpiecewhileguidingthecuttingtoolthroughoutitscuttingcycle.Jigscanbedividedintotwogeneralclassifications:drilljigsandboringjigs. Fixturesareworkholderswhicharedesignedtohold,locate,andsupporttheworkpieceduringthemachiningcycle.Unlikejigs,fixturesdonotguidethecuttingtool,butratherprovideameanstoreferenceandalignthecuttingtooltotheworkpiece.BackgroundKnowledgeNewWordsandExpressionsTerms：1.machining:切削加工drill钻孔bore镗孔tap攻螺纹chamfer倒角countersink钻埋头孔/钻锥形孔counterbore扩孔NewWordsandExpressionsTerms：2.productioncost生产成本productioncapacity生产能力productionquantity生产量production-runs流水线生产productivity生产率gointoproduction投入生产afinishedproduct成品率massproduction大量生产 Drillingjig孔口平面，锪孔TextJigDrilljigsare,byfar,themostcommon.Drilljigsaregenerallyusedfordrilling,tapping,andreaming,butmayalsobeusedforcountersinking,counterboring,chamfering,andspotfacing.Boringjigs,ontheotherhand,arenormallyusedexclusivelyforboringholestoaprecise,predeterminedsize.Thebasicdesignofbothclassesofjigsisessentiallythesame.Theonlymajordifferenceisthatboringjigsarenormallyfittedwithapilotbushingorbearingtosupporttheouterendoftheboringbarduringthemachiningoperation. Millingfixture1-Bodyofthefixture;2-Supportplate;3-Bigcylindricalpin;4-Rhombuspin;5-Clampingplate;6-Clampingscrewnut;7-Pinshaft;8-Rotateblock;9-Supportpost;10-Settingblock;11-GuidekeyTextFixturesFixturesarenormallyclassifiedbythemachinewithwhichtheyaredesignedtobeused.Asub-classificationissometimesaddedtofurtherspecifythefixtureclassification.Thissub-classificationidentifiesthespecifictypeofmachiningoperationthefixtureisintendedtoperform.Forexample:afixtureusedwithamillingmachineiscalledamillingfixture,however,iftheoperationitistoperformisgangmilling,itmayalsobecalledagangmillingfixture.Likewise,abandsawingfixturedesignedforslottingoperationsmayalsobereferredtoasabandsawslottingfixture.TextIndesigninganyfixture,thereareseveralconsiderations:Cost:thefirstconsiderationinfixturedesignisthecostversusthebenefit.Theproductionquantity,rate,oraccuracymustwarranttheaddedexpenseofspecialtooling.Inaddition,thefixturemustpayforitselfwithsavingsderivedfromitsuseinasshortatimeaspossible.productioncapabilitiesproductionprocessingtoollongevity长寿，资历Questions Whatisajig? Whatarethefunctionsofafixture? Whatisthedifferencebetweenjigandfixture?1.spotface孔口平面，锪孔2.drillandcountersink定心钻，中心钻3.counterborecutterhead扩孔钻头4.jigboringmachine坐标镗床5.jiggrindingmachine坐标磨床6.jigandfixture夹具7.fixtureofgearcuttingmachine齿轮加工机床夹具GlossaryofTerms8.fixtureofgrindingmachine磨床夹具9.fixtureofmillingmachine铣床夹具10.fixtureofplaningmachine刨床夹具　　11.fixtureofslottingmachine插床夹具12.vacuumfixture真空夹具13.universalfixture（jig)通用夹具14.stationaryfixture固定夹具15．singlepointcuttingtool单尖切削刀具16．chuckhandle夹头扳手，夹头钥匙17．combinationchuck复动夹头18．independentchuck分动夹头（四爪夹头）19．unionchuck双爪夹头20．drilljig钻套，钻夹具21.standardfixture（jig)标准夹具22.pneumaticfixture气动夹具23.opensideboringandmillingmachine悬臂镗铣24.magneticfixture磁力夹具25.locatingdevice（face,element)定位装置（面，元素)26.hydraulicfixture液压夹具ReadingMaterials TypesofJigsApplicationsfortemplatejigsSandwichjigAngleplatejig TypesofFixturesVisejawfixtureLanguagePoints&TranslatingTechniques Example1:Oneofthefirstconsiderationsinthedesignofanyworkholderistherelativebalancebetweenthecostofthetoolandtheexpectedbenefitsofusingthetoolforproduction.在设计工件夹持装置时，首先要考虑的问题是制造该工具的成本和使用该工具进行生产所希望产生的效益两者之间应保持相对平衡。过去分词expected作名词benefits前置定语；动名词短语usingthetoolforproduction作介词的of的宾语。 Example2:Forthemostpart,fixturearedesignedtowithstandmuchgreaterstressesandtoolforcesthanjigs,andarealwayssecurelyclampedtothemachine.就绝大部分情况而言，fixtures(夹紧装置)在设计上比jigs(夹具)能够承受更大的应力，并且总能可靠地将工件夹紧到机床上。介词短语forthemostpart在这里相当于inmostcases,可译为“在在绝大部分情况下”。Example3:（三）词义抽象化 翻译时，根据中英文的不同表达习惯，把原文中词义较具体的词引申为较抽象的，较形象的引申为一般的。 Steelandcastironalsodifferincarbon.钢和铸铁的碳含量也不相同。（把“碳”抽象成“碳含量”） Theshortestdistancebetweenrawmaterialandafinishedpartiscasting.铸件是把原材料加工成产品的最简单的。（而不译为“最短的距离”）（四）词的搭配 翻译时，要注意动词与名词，以及形容词与名词的搭配关系，遇到不合乎汉语的搭配习惯时可以把动词或形容词的词义引申，以适应名词。1.引申动词适应名词 Theoilalsoprovidessomecoolingeffect.润滑油也起到一定的冷却作用。（不译为“提供作用”） Tobeabletoreadmachinedrawing,thereareafewcommontermsandsymbolswithyoushouldbefamiliar.为了能够看机械图，有几个普通的术语和符号是应该熟悉的。（不译为“读机械图”）2.引申形容词以适应名词 Withthedevelopmentofelectricalengineering,powercanbetransmittedoveralongdistance.随着电气工程的发展，电力能输送到非常远的距离。（不译为“长的距离”） Manyyearsagoinelectricalengineeringweusedtodifferentiatebetweenpowerengineering(heavycurrentengineering)andlightcurrentengineering.许多年前，我们在电气工程中常把电力工程（强电工程）和弱电工程区分开来。（不能译为“重电工程”和“轻电工程”）Summary 掌握必须的专业单词（NewWords） 掌握常用的专业术语（GlossaryofTerms) 掌握基本的语法知识 掌握基本的翻译技巧References PNRao.ManufacturingTechnology—MetalCutting&MachineTools.制造技术－金属切削与机床（英文版.原书第2版）［M］．北京：机械工业出版社，2003.9 曾志新,吕明，轧刚等主编，机械制造技术基础[M].武汉:武汉理工大学出版社.2004,12 http:/en.wikipedia.com http:/www.engineersedge.com http://www.imts.com