国际贸易实用英语 教学课件 ppt 作者 姜宏 Unit 6 Documentation for__ Payment

Unit6DocumentationforPayment制单结汇Objectives Tolearnthetypesofdocumentsthesellersshallpresentfornegotiation/collectiontothebanks Tolearnaboutthebasicrolesandcontentsofcommercialinvoice,billoflading,insurancepolicy,andbillofexchange TobeabletoscrutinizethedocumentsforcomplyingpresentationOutline PreparingDocumentsforPayment CommercialInvoice BillofLading InsurancePolicy BillofExchange6.1PreparingDocumentsforPaymentStandardforExaminationofDocuments[UCP600] Apresentationincludingoneormoreoriginaltransportdocumentsmustbemadebyoronbehalfofthebeneficiarynotlaterthan21calendardaysafterthedateofshipmentasdescribedintheserules,butinanyeventnotlaterthantheexpirydateofthecredit. Datainadocument,whenreadincontextwiththecredit,thedocumentitselfandinternationalstandardbankingpractice,neednotbeidenticalto,butmustnotconflictwith,datainthatdocument,anyotherstipulateddocumentorthecredit. Indocumentsotherthanthecommercialinvoice,thedescriptionofthegoods,servicesorperformance,ifstated,maybeingeneraltermsnotconflictingwiththeirdescriptioninthecredit. ReadingandComprehension6.1PreparingDocumentsforPaymentStandardforExaminationofDocuments[continued] Ifacreditrequirespresentationofadocumentotherthanatransportdocument,insurancedocumentorcommercialinvoice,withoutstipulatingbywhomthedocumentistobeissuedoritsdatacontent,bankswillacceptthedocumentaspresentedifitscontentappearstofulfillthefunctionoftherequireddocument. Adocumentpresentedbutnotrequiredbythecreditwillbedisregardedandmaybereturnedtothepresenter.Ifacreditcontainsaconditionwithoutstipulatingthedocumenttoindicatecompliancewiththecondition,bankswilldeemsuchconditionasnotstatedandwilldisregardit. Adocumentmaybedatedpriortotheissuancedateofthecredit,butmustnotbedatedlaterthanitsdateofpresentation.Theshipperorconsignorofthegoodsindicatedonanydocumentneednotbethebeneficiaryofthecredit. ReadingandComprehensionTechnicalWordsandPhrases1.Valparaiso[,vəelpə’raizəu]瓦尔帕莱索(智利中部一港口城市)2.containerships[kənˈteinəʃips]集装箱货船3.Firstofexchange[fə:stəviksˈtʃeindʒ]汇票第一联4.Secondofexchange[ˈsekəndəviksˈtʃeindʒ]汇票第二联5.Solaofexchange[ˈsəuləəviksˈtʃeindʒ]独联汇票6.Consularinvoice[ˈkɔnsjuləˈinvɔis]领事发票7.Standardforexaminationofdocuments单据审核8.Internationalstandardbankingpractice国际标准银行实务6.2CommercialInvoiceReadingandComprehension Commercialinvoicesummarizescontractterms,anddeclaresthatshipmentshavebeenmadeinaccordancewiththem.Itcontains,firstofall,thenamesandaddressesofthesellerandthebuyer;next,afulldescriptionofthegoodsdispatched,includingtheweightsandnumbersandmarksofallthepackages;thirdly,theunitpriceandthetotalcostoftheconsignment.Theinvoicewillalsostatetheportofshipmentandthedate,thetermsofsale,suchasC.I.F,andthetermsofpayment,suchasbysightdraft,perhapsunderaletterofcredit. Eachcountryhasitsownrequirementsforcommercialinvoices,whichyoucanobtainfromfreightforwarders,consulatesofthecountriesyouareshippingto,orpublications.Forexample,onCIFshipmentstomanycountriesyouarerequiredtoprovideinvoicesthatbreakoutthepricesofthegoods,salescommissions,transportationcosts,andsoon.Figure6-1isanexampleofacommercialinvoice.AdditionalReadingArticle18CommercialInvoice（UCP600）a.Acommercialinvoice:i.mustappeartohavebeenissuedbythebeneficiary;ii.mustbemadeoutinthenameoftheapplicant;iii.mustbemadeoutinthesamecurrencyasthecredit;andiv.neednotbesigned.b.Anominatedbankactingonitsnomination,aconfirmingbank,ifany,ortheissuingbankmayacceptacommercialinvoiceissuedforanamountinexcessoftheamountpermittedbythecredit,anditsdecisionwillbebindinguponallparties,providedthebankinquestionhasnothonouredornegotiatedforanamountinexcessofthatpermittedbythecredit.c.Thedescriptionofthegoods,servicesorperformanceinacommercialinvoicemustcorrespondwiththatappearinginthecredit.6.3BillofLadingThemostimportantshippingdocumentisthebilloflading.Itisfirstly,acontractbetweentheshipperandtheshippingcompany;secondly,areceiptfortheconsignment;andthirdly,adocumentoftitle.Abillofladingdoesn’tonlycontainafulldescriptionoftheconsignment—numbersandweightsandmarksofpackages–butalotofotherinformationaswell.Itquotesthenameoftheshipperandthecarryingvessel,theportsofshipmentanddestination,thefreightrate,thenameoftheconsignee(unlesstheB/Lis‘toorder’,likeacheque),andthedateofshipment,whichisveryimportantfromacontractualpointofview.Fig.6-2isanexampleofanoceanbilloflading.ReadingandComprehensionAB/Lmayalsocontainanumberofotherclauses.Somebillsofladingaremarked“freightprepaid”,whenashipperissellingCIForCFR,othersmayallowtransshipment,whichmeansthatthecargomaybetransferredfromoneshiptoanotheratsomeintermediateport.Itisoftenimportanttoashipperthathisbillofladingshouldbe‘clean’ratherthan‘dirty’,thatis,thattheshippingcompanyshouldnothavemadeanyqualificationsaboutthequantityorconditionofthecargoactuallyshipped.Thisisbecausetheshipper’sletterofcreditmayinsistoncleanbills,justasitmayinsiston’onboard’asopposedto’alongside’bladings.Sometimesamate’sreceiptisgiventotheshipperinadvanceoftheB/L,whichtakestimetoissue.ReadingandComprehension[Continued]TechnicalWordsandPhrases1.Title[ˈtaitl]所有权2.Consignee[kənsaiˈni:]收货人3.Billoflading[biləvˈleidiŋ]提单4.B/L[bi:el]AnabbreviationforBillofLading提单缩写5.Blading[ˈbleidiŋ]提单缩写；通常用于电报中表示提单6.Onboard[ˈɔnbɔ:d]已装船的7.Alongside[əˈlɔŋˈsaid]船边的（收妥待运的）8.Mate’sreceipt[ˈmeitsriˈsi:t]大副收据9.Freightprepaid运费已付10.CleanBillofLading清洁提单6.4InsurancePolicyReadingandComprehensionAmarineinsurancepolicymustspecifythenameoftheinsurers,thenameofthepersoninwhosenametheinsuranceiseffected,thenatureofthegoodsinsured,andtheperiodoftheinsurance.Insurancedocumentsmustnotbedatedlaterthanthedateofshipmentandthedetailsshouldcorrespondwiththoseonthebilloflading.ItisusualpracticeinChinatorequirethatthegoodsshouldbeinsuredfor10percentabovetheinvoicevalueandthisissointheexamplesgiveninFig.6-3.Whereapolicyiscalledforinadocumentarycredititmustbeinthesamecurrencyasthecreditandendorsedinblank.AdditionalReadingInsuranceDocumentandCoverage[UCP600] Aninsurancedocument,suchasaninsurancepolicy,aninsurancecertificateoradeclarationunderanopencover,mustappeartobeissuedandsignedbyaninsurancecompany,anunderwriterortheiragentsortheirproxies.Anysignaturebyanagentorproxymustindicatewhethertheagentorproxyhassignedfororonbehalfoftheinsurancecompanyorunderwriter. Covernoteswillnotbeaccepted.Aninsurancepolicyisacceptableinlieuofaninsurancecertificateoradeclarationunderanopencover. Thedateoftheinsurancedocumentmustbenolaterthanthedateofshipment,unlessitappearsfromtheinsurancedocumentthatthecoveriseffectivefromadatenotlaterthanthedateofshipment.InsuranceDocumentandCoverage[continued] Theinsurancedocumentmustindicatetheamountofinsurancecoverageandbeinthesamecurrencyasthecredit.Ifthereisnoindicationinthecreditoftheinsurancecoveragerequired,theamountofinsurancecoveragemustbeatleast110%oftheCIForCIPvalueofthegoods. Theinsurancedocumentmustindicatethatrisksarecoveredatleastbetweentheplaceoftakinginchargeorshipmentandtheplaceofdischargeorfinaldestinationasstatedinthecredit. Aninsurancedocumentmaycontainreferencetoanyexclusionclause.Aninsurancedocumentmayindicatethatthecoverissubjecttoafranchiseorexcess(deductible).TechnicalWordsandPhrases1.Insurancedocument保险单据2.Insurancecoverage保险险别3.Insurancepolicy保险单4.Insurancecertificate保险凭证5.Declarationunderanopencover预约保险单项下的保险声明书6.Insurancecompany/underwriter/age能t/proxy保险公司/承保人/保险代理人/保险公司代表7.Covernotes临时保险单8.Exclusionclause除外责任条款9.Franchise免赔额10.Amountinsured保险金额11.Claimpayableat偿付地点12.Oceanmarinecargoclauses海洋货物保险条款6.5BillofExchangeAdraftisanordertopaywhichismadeoutbyanexporterandpresentedtotheimporter,usuallythroughabank.Itisalsocalleda‘billofexchange’,anditmaybepayableimmediatelyonpresentation(asightordemanddraft),orsomanydaysafterpresentation(atermdraft).Inthelattercasethedraweewrites‘Accepted’acrossitandsignsitsname.Theexportercanthengetimmediatepaymentbydiscountingthedraftandsupplyingaletterofhypothecation.Ifatermdraftisnothonoredatmaturity,itwillbenotedandprotestedbya*NotaryPublicandrepresentedtothedrawee.Suchadraftandthecorrespondingpaymentterms,‘DocumentsagainstAcceptance’,obviouslyinvolverisktotheexporterorhisbank.6.5BillofExchange Sightdrafttermsinvolvelessrisk,sincetitletoaconsignmentisonlyreleasedagainstpayment;evensotheshippermaybeleftwithhisconsignmentonhishands,orratherafloat,ifthedraftisdishonored.Whendraftsarepresentedunderaletterofcredit,however,theshipperhasfullprotection,andonlytheopeningandconfirmingbanksruntherisk.AllexchangecontrolformalitiesmustalreadyhavebeencompletedfortheL/Ctobeopened,andifanimportlicenseisneeded,itmustalreadyhavebeengrantedsothatthenumbermaybequotedinthecredit. Ifabillofexchangeisdrawnunderadocumentarycredit,itwillusuallyindicatethisfactandmentionthereferencenumberofthecredit.Itisalsofairlycommonpractice,withbillsdrawnonbankstoindicatethenatureoftheshipmentagainstwhichthebillisdrawn.Figure6-4givesanexampleofabilldrawnunderadocumentarycredit.TechnicalWordsandPhrases Termdraft[‘tə:mdrɑ:ft]远期汇票 Accepted[ək’septid]承兑的 Ondemand[ɔndi’mɑ:nd]即期的 Grace[ɡreis]宽限期 Honoured[‘ɔnəd]已支付的 Noted[‘nəutid]（拒付）证明 Protest[‘prəutest]拒绝承兑/拒绝付款声明 Drawee[drɔ:’i:]汇票的受票人及付款人 Endorsed[in’dɔ:st]背书 Discount[‘diskaunt]贴现 Discounthouse[‘diskaunthaus]贴现行Letterofhypothecation[‘letəəvhaipəuθi’keiʃən]质押书 Lien[‘li:ən]留置权