英语泛读教程 unit 3 recyclingppt课件

UnitThreeRecycling*NavigationGuide I.RelatedInformation1.1BackgroundInformation1.2PreviewQs II.TextComprehension2.1ComprehensionQs2.2TextAnalysis III.DifficultPoints3.1KeyWords3.2KeyPhrases IV.HomeReading4.1Post-readingQs4.2Difficultsentences*Objectives: Toknowsomeseriousproblemsthreateningthesurvivalofhumanbeings. Tobeawareoftheissuesconcerningenvironmentalprotection. Tounderstandthewaystosolvetheenvironmentalproblems***Unwantedoruselessmaterials.* Theprocessofcollectingmaterialsthatareconsideredtrashandremanufacturingthemintonewproductsthatcanberesoldandusedagain.* conservesnaturalresources Savesenergy Produceslessgreenhouse Preventsthedestructionofnaturalhabitats Decreasessoilerosionassociatedwithminingandlogging*Let’ssee!* Glass Metal Paper Plastic Tires* MostwidelyusedproductsintheU.S. Takesupabout10%ofourtotalstreamanditiscomposedmainlyofthenon-renewableresourcepetroleum. Recyclingoldplasticproductsuses20%-40%lessenergythanmanufacturingitfromnew.* 7differenttypesofplastic RecycledPlastic:Reducesgreenhousegasemission/canbemadeintoplasticlumber,whichisdurable* PETorPETE(PolyethyleneTerephthalate) HDPE(high-densitypolyethylene) SodaandwaterbottlesMouthwashbottlesPlasticwrapPeanutbetterandotherfoodjarsSaladdressingbottles MilkcontainersTrashbagsYogurtcontainersLiquidlaundrydetergentcontainersShampoobottlesJuicecontainers Americansuseover100millionsteelcansandover200millionaluminumbeveragecanseveryday. Mainlyaluminumandsteel Productsuses95%lessenergythanmanufacturingitfromnewmaterials. Aluminumisanore,whichisamineral.LesslandandWaterpollutions*Theprocessofmanufacturingoldpaperproductsandturningthemintonew,reusablepaperproducts.Recyclingoldpaperproductsuses60%lessenergythanmanufacturingitfromnewmaterials.* Mostrecognizedrecycledpaperproducts Afterrecycled,cancreate… NewspaperShreddedpaperPhonebooksCardboardMagazinesComputerpaper EggcartonsPapertowelTissueToiletpaperNewspaperPhonebooksTheprocessoftakingoldglassproductsandturningthemintonew,reusableglassproducts.Recyclingoldglassuses40%lessenergythanmanufacturingitfromnew.TYPESofGlassProductscanberecycled Beveragecontainers FoodJarsBenefitsofrecyclingofRecyclingglass Canberecycledoveragainandneverloseitsqualityorquantity Creates20%lessairpollution Reduceswaterpollutionby50% Savesenergytolighta100-wattlightbulb Reducesthatamountoflandfillspacethatisused*I.RelatedInformation  1)    Environment Thephysicalsurroundingsofanorganismororganisms,includingbiological,physical,andchemicalfactors.Inthecontextofhumanecology,italsoincludessocialandculturalsurroundings.Planning,caringfor,andconservationofthehumanenvironment,bothbuiltandnatural,becameofincreasingconcernintheyearsfollowingWorldWar * Recyclinginvolvesprocessingusedmaterialsintonewproductstopreventwasteofpotentiallyusefulmaterials,reducetheconsumptionoffreshrawmaterials,reduceenergyusage,reduceairpollution(fromincineration)andwaterpollution(fromlandfilling)byreducingtheneedfor"conventional"wastedisposal,andlowergreenhousegasemissionsascomparedtovirginproduction.[1][2]Recyclingisakeycomponentofmodernwastereductionandisthethirdcomponentofthe"Reduce,Reuse,Recycle"wastehierarchy.* Recyclablematerialsincludemanykindsofglass,paper,metal,plastic,textiles,andelectronics.Althoughsimilarineffect,thecompostingorotherreuseofbiodegradablewaste–suchasfoodorgardenwaste–isnottypicallyconsideredrecycling.[2]Materialstoberecycledareeitherbroughttoacollectioncenterorpickedupfromthecurbside,thensorted,cleaned,andreprocessedintonewmaterialsboundformanufacturing.**Earth’spressWhatshouldwedo?*RecyclingInChina*Whatcanwedowithregardtorecycling●节约用水●拒绝使用塑料袋●将空调的温度下调1度●尽量使用可再生能源●购买当地的有机食品●关掉多余的灯●送绿色礼物●纸张两面用●手机以旧换新●减少废物，专家建议，尽量购买散装货，买散装水果和蔬菜，不买那些使用多层塑料纸包装的物品，购买那些容易降解的物品*Well,recyclingisasimplewaythatyou,asaconsumer,canhelpouttheenvironment,createaprofitablemarketforrecycledgoodsandhelppreservenaturalresourcesfrombeingdepleted(耗尽…的资源deplete的过去分词).So…let’sgetinvolved!*Let’sjoinhandstoprotectourhome--EARTH* 1.Futuresourcesofpower    Fossilfuels,chieflycoal,oilandnaturalgas,nowsupplymostofourenergy.Onlyasmallamountcomesfromrenewablesourceslikesolarorwindpower,whichdonotreleasegasesthattrapheatintheatmosphere.Ifwecouldgetmoreofourenergyfromrenewablesources,wecouldreducetheamountoffossilfuelsweburn.      Renewablesourcescouldprovide40percentoftheenergyneededintheworldbytheyear2050.Useofrenewableenergycanhelpbothtoslowglobalwarmingandtoreduceairpollution.* 2.Energyefficiency    Anenergy-efficientlightbulborappliancedoesthesamejobwithlessenergy.Thesavedenergycanbeusedelsewhere,likeanyothersourceofpower. * 3.Whatbusinessescandotosaveenergy Investinenergy-efficientfluorescentlighting. Buildorremodelofficesusingenergy-efficientmaterials,properinsulationandsolarenergyforheatingandlighting. Setupride-sharingsystemsforemployeeswhocommutetowork. Planttreestooffsetthecompany'sgreenhousegasemissions. Investinenergy-efficientmanufacturingprocessesandequipment.Userecycledmaterials. Establishrecyclingprogramsintheworkplaceanduserecycledpaperproducts.* 4.NuclearPowerintheWorldToday Thefirstcommercialnuclearpowerstationsstartedoperationinthe1950s. Therearenowsome440commercialnuclearreactorsin31countries,withover350,000MWoftotalcapacity. Theysupply16%oftheworld'selectricity,asbase-loadpower,andtheirefficiencyisincreasing. 56countriesoperateatotalof284researchreactors. Canadaistheworld'sleadingsupplierofuranium.*languagepoints 1.CurbsiderecyclingcollectionprogramsreachthemajorityoftheAmericanpopulation. 美国大多数人口参与了路边回收项目。* 3.Isrecyclingworthalltheeffort?Isprofitabilitytheonlybottomline? 利益是唯一的底线吗？ 4.currentprofitability现行利益，当前利益 • Marketsforcollectedrecyclablesgoupanddown.. 回收市场不稳定。 6.sustainability可持续性 7.massproduction大批量生产* 8.economicnecessity经济的必需 9.EarthDay地球日 10.TheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency美国环保署 11.Otherobserverssuggestedabroaderviewofthecostsandbenefitsofrecycling. 一些观察家建议用长远的眼光看待回收利用的成本与收益。 12.Theperspectivefocusessolelyonhowanindividualrecyclingprogramimpactsacommunity'stotalwastemanagementcosts,comparedtothealternativeofsendingeverythingtoalandfillorincinerator.* 13.Recyclingisnotafad. 14.Withthisabundancecameanincreasingtendencytodiscardandreplaceproductsaftertheirinitialuse,ratherthattoreuseorrecyclethem. 15.Governmentagenciesatalllevelshaveworkedtoensurerecycling'sviability.[practicability可行性]*Discussingthefollowingtopics.  1. Whatisthegreenhouseeffect?Canyougiveexamplesofthegreenhouseeffectintheplaceyoulive?  2. Discusshowairpollutionandwaterpollutionhaveaffectedourdailylife. 3.Whatcanwedotoimproveourenvironment? * 1.Gasesintheatmosphere(suchaswatervapor,carbondioxide,methane,andchlorofluorocarbons,orCFCs)absorbinfra-redradiationfromtheEarth'ssurfaceandreflectitbackontotheplanet.Butthe"greenhousegases"sendsomeofthisheatbacktowardstheEarth'ssurfaceandhelptokeepitwarm.Carbondioxideisreleasedbecauseofthedeforestationandburningofvastquantitiesofsuchfossilfuelsascoal,gas,andoil.Andothergreenhousegasescomefromtheuseofcar,chemicalfertilizers,refrigeratorsandfreezers.*2.Airpollutioncandamagepeople'slungsandtheleadfromsomecarexhaustfumescancauseacidrainwhichisveryharmfultothelivingbeingsaswellasthebuildings.Thepollutedwaterinriversandstreamscankillfish,otherwateranimalsandplants.Itcankillseabirds,shellfishandotherwildlifewhenitflowsintothesea.Thewaterfromthepower-stationsforcoolingmaynotonlykillfishandotherwateranimalsbutalsopreventthemfrombreeding. * 3.Toimproveourenvironment,weshouldproducelessofgasestoslowthegreenhouseeffect,uselessfuelslikepetrol,oil,naturalgasandcoal,reducetheuseofCFCs,developmoreefficientheatingsystemsandengines.*Home-reading*2.2TextAnalysisPartOneTheGreenhouseEffect** Division Paragraph MainIdea PartI P1 PartII P2-p7 PartIII P8-p11 PartIV P12-p13 PartV P14-p16 PartVI P17PartOneTheGreenhouseEffectComprehensionQs Whatisthegreenhouseeffect? Wheredogreenhousegasescomefrom? Whatarethesolutiontothegreenhouseeffect?*PartTwoAirPollutionandAcidRain Howistheairpollutioncaused? Howdoesacidraindestroyourenvironment? Arethereanypracticalwaystopreventtheacidrain?Whatarethey?Howdoyouthinkoftheeffect?*PartThreeTheOzoneHole Howdoestheozonelayerprotecthumanbeings? Whathasbeendestroyingtheozonelayer? Whereismoredangerousatcertaintimeofayear?*PartFourPollutionofRivers,lakesandtheSea Howaretheriverspolluteddirectly? Whatwillhappentotheseaanimalsandotherwildlife? Whyisthewarmwatermoredangerousthanthecoolwater?* 1.Thesunisthemostimportantsourceofenergythattheearthhas. (太阳是地球最重要的能量之源。) 注意在定语从句中，当先行项带有最高级修饰语时，其后的关系代词通常用that。e.g.Newtonwasoneofthegreatestmenthateverlived.He'sthecleverestmanthatIhaveevermet.此外，在以下情况中，定语从句的关系代词一般也用that。 （1）当先行项带有only，all，any等限定词时。e.g.Youaretheonlypersonthatcanhelpme.Anyboythatwantstosucceedmustworkhard.AskMr.Green,oranyotherpersonthatislikelytoknow. （2）当先行项为all或其他指物的不定代词如anything，something，nothing，且关系代词在定语从句中做主语时。e.g.Allthatglittersisnotgold.Thismonumentisallthatremainsoftheancientcity.* 2.Itwasseenonlyasonemoreprobleminthesearchforoilandwasburnedoffsothattheoilcouldbereachedmorequickly. (起初，人们只开采石油，认为天然气毫无用处，反而是石油开采的又一障碍。为了更快采到石油，人们将天然气白白烧掉。) Thephraseburnoffmeanstodestroybyburning.e.g.Thefarmerareburningoffthestablefromthefields. 　 3.Hydro-electricity(waterpower)isprobablythemost-usedformofenergygivenbynature. (水力发电是能源利用最常见的形式。) Notethathydro-isacommonlyusedprefix,meaning (1)concerningorusingwater   e.g.hydro-electricity(electricityproducedbywaterpower)   hydro-therapy(treatmentofdiseaseusingwater)(2)concerningorcontaininghydrogen   e.g.hydrocarbon* 4.Probablythemostimportantfunctionofcoalandoilistoheatwaterforthesteamengine,orsteamturbinewhereelectricityisproduced. (煤和石油最重要的功能是为蒸汽发动机和涡轮机中的蓄水加热，以产生电力。) Aturbineisanengineormotorinwhichthepressureofaliquidorgas,usuallyatveryhightemperatures,drivesaspecialwheel,producingacircularmovement. 　 5.Afuelsuchascoaloroilheatswaterinaboilerandsteamisproduced. （煤和石油等燃料加热锅炉中的水，产生蒸汽。） Aboilerisacontainerforboilingwater.*