口译教程 U6

Lesson6Professionalinterpreters’notessystemOverviewofthelessonSection1Theoryandskills Professionalinterpreters’notessystemSection2Skillspractice 6.1怎样建设世界一流大学？ 6.2AbriefintroductiontoAPECSection3Interpretingexercises 6.3Eatingproblemsbegininearlychildhood 6.4Internationaltreatyontobaccocontrol 6.5艾滋病的防治Section4Gettoknow Preparation(I)Section5Bitbybit Don’tinterpretcompoundnounswithoutrealunderstandingNote-taking(2)Theuseofleft-handmarginTheleft-handmarginisall-important,sinceinthissectionofthesheetthesubjectsofandthelinksbetweenthesentencesaretobenoted.Someinterpretersmaychoosetoleavealeft-handmarginofonetotwocentimetersforlinksonly.Note-taking:Example1"HungaryhascomplainedthatitssteelexportstotheEuropeanUnionareunabletodevelopbecauseofexcessivelyrestrictivequotas.ButtheUnionrepresentativepointedoutthatquotasarestillunderusedbyHungarybyalargemargin,sothequotasthemselvesdidn'tappeartobecreatingthedifficulties" couldbenoteddownasfollows: HUcomplained—steelexpertstoEUcan’tdevelopbecausetoostricttariffquotasButEUrep—quotasunderusedbyHUalotSoquotasnotprobNote-taking:Example2HU:steelexpertscannotdeveloptoEU becausetariffquotastoorestrictive_____butEU:HUunderusesalotquotassoquotasnotproblemVocabularyandreferencetranslationsforinterpretingtexts6.3Eatingproblemsbegininearlychildhoodirregulareatingpatternsconsistentunder-eatingjunkfoodcluesdietitianmimiconalow-caloriedietexert6.4InternationaltreatyontobaccocontrolFrameworkConventiononTobaccoControlTheWorldHealthOrganization1.Theymustplacecontrolsonsecond-handsmoke,smokefromotherpeople’stobacco.Thissentencecanbeputinto“他们必须采取措施减少公共场所被动吸烟”.Thereisnoneedtotranslatethelaterpart“smokefromotherpeople’stobacco”.2.Thereisnosuchthingasasafecigarette.ThissentencecanbeputintoChineseas“专家说所有的香烟都是不安全的”，or“任何香烟都有害健康”.6.5艾滋病的防治HIV/AIDS受到感染 beinfectedwith采取有效措施 takeefficientmeasures预防 prevention缺乏常识 ignorant有效药物 effectivemedicinetakeconcretemeasures 采取具体措施curbtherapidspreadof 控制……蔓延监控系统 monitoringsystem民间组织 NGOs(nongovernmentalorganizations)调动 mobilize基层 grassroots宣传 advocacyB:Well,inChina,HIV/AIDShasbecomeaveryseriousproblemrelatedtosocialdevelopment.There’vebeencasesofpeoplebeingaccidentallyinfectedwithHIV/AIDS,throughacceptingpollutedbloodfromhospitals,babiesacquiringthediseasefromtheirmothers.Havingimpropersexualrelationships.FromthetimewediscoveredthefirstAIDSpatientin1985,ourcountryhasenteredaperiodofrapiddevelopmentinAIDSinfections.Expertsestimatethatmorethan900,000peoplehadbeeninfectedwithHIVbytheendoflastyear.Ifwedon’ttakesomeefficientmeasures,thisnumberwilldoubleby2010.B:First,becauseofpoverty,peoplelackeducationandinformationaboutthepreventionofHIV/AIDS.Second,ignorance.Peopledonotpaymuchattentiontothisproblem.Third,theylackproperresources,thingsliketraining,moneyandinformation.Accordingtoreports,westilldonothaveanefficientmedicinetocureHIV/AIDS.B:Wehavealreadygotverystrongsupportfromtheinternationalcommunity,especiallyonthetechnicalside.Andonthedomesticfront,werecognizethatmakingourpeopleunderstandandraisingtheirawarenessisveryimportant.So,commonsense,healtheducationandbehavioralchangesaretheonlywayforpeopletoavoidHIVinfection.B:Firstly,Ithinkthegovernmentshouldimproveourmonitoringsystem,andsecondly,NGOsshouldtrytheirbesttomobilizealltheresourceswecanusetohelpthepeople,especiallypeopleatthegrassrootsandtheruralareas,toletthemknowtheterribleresultsofspreadingthediseaseandhowtopreventHIV/AIDS.Ithinkweshoulddomoreadvocacyworkamongthepeople.PreparationininterpretationAdvancedPreparationBeforethemeeting,theinterpretershouldasktheconferenceorganizertoprovideafullsetofdocuments,whichincludetheconferenceprogram,listofparticipants,backgroundinformationabouttheconference,andmostimportant,documentsonthecontentoftheconference(includingdraftsofpaperstobereadorpresented,abstracts,etc.)Briefingsarepotentiallyaveryusefulpartofadvancedpreparation.Theyaremeetingsorganizedfortheinterpreter,withtheparticipationoftheorganizerandexpertsinthefield.Atthebriefing,generalinformationisgiventotheinterpreter,whocanaskspecificquestions,generallyonconceptsandterminology.LastminutepreparationFororganizationalreasons,theconferencedocumentsarenotalwaysavailablebeforetheconference.Sometimes,manydocumentsareonlyavailableattheverylastmoment,yetasignificantamountofknowledgeacquisitionmayrevolvearoundthem.Theinterpretershouldbereadytodealwiththesituation.In-conferencepreparationMuchinformationisgainedduringtheconferenceitself,partlythroughdocumentswhichareonlyhandedoutafterthemeetinghasstarted,partlythroughconversationwithparticipantsduringbreak,andpartlythroughthecontentofpresentationsanddiscussions.