个人防护PPE Presentation

PersonalProtectiveEquipmentWhatEmployeesNeedtoKnow©Business&LegalReports,Inc.10061SlideShowNotesTodaywe’regoingtotalkabouttheimportanceofpersonalprotectiveequipment(PPE)inpreventingworkplaceinjuries.We’llbeginwithanoverviewofhowhazardassessmentsareconductedandwhyspecifictypesofPPEareselected.Eventhoughyou,asanemployee,arenotresponsiblefortheseprocedures,youstillneedtobeawareofwhenPPEisnecessaryandwhattypeofequipmentisappropriate.Then,we’llfocusonwaysyoucankeepyourselfsafeonthejob.We’lldiscusshowtowearandcareforPPEthatmaybeassignedtoyouandgooverlimitationsofeachpieceofequipment.Let’sgetstarted.SessionObjectivesUnderstandthePPEhazardassessmentprocessUnderstandwhydifferenttypesofPPEareselectedKnowhowtoproperlywearandcareforPPE©Business&LegalReports,Inc.10062SlideShowNotesBytheendofthistrainingsession,youwill:UnderstandhowyouremployerconductsaPPEhazardassessment,includinghowtheyevaluatetheworkplaceandjobfunctionsforanypotentialhazardsthatcanbecontrolledbyusingPPE;UnderstandwhydifferenttypesofPPEareselectedandhowtheyprotectyouagainstthehazardsfoundduringthehazardsassessment;andKnowhowtoproperlywearandcareforPPE.Prequiz:HowMuchDoYouKnow?Hazardassessmentsareconductedonlyforjobfunctionsthatinvolvehazardousmaterials.YouremployerisresponsibleforselectingPPE.PPEshouldbeinspectedbeforeeachuse.ItisnotimportanttokeepyourPPEclean.©Business&LegalReports,Inc.10063SlideShowNotesBeforewebegin,let’stakeafewminutestoseehowmuchyoualreadyknowaboutpersonalprotectiveequipment.Decidewhethereachstatementonthescreenistrueorfalse.Hazardassessmentsareconductedonlyforjobfunctionsthatinvolvehazardousmaterials.Thisisfalse.YouremployerisresponsibleforselectingPPE.Thisistrue.PPEshouldbeinspectedbeforeeachuse.Thisistrue.ItisnotimportanttokeepyourPPEclean.Thisisfalse.Howdidyoudo?Didyougetalltheanswersright?HazardAssessmentEvaluateeveryjobfunctionDetermineifhazardsarepresentCheckforhazardstoallpartsofthebodyDetermineappropriatePPE©Business&LegalReports,Inc.10064SlideShowNotesAhazardassessmentisessentialtounderstandthetypesofhazardsemployees,likeyou,mightbeexposedto.ItisarequirementoftheOccupationalSafetyandHealthAdministration(OSHA)thathazardassessmentsbeperformedbeforePPEisselected.Hereisanoverviewofhowahazardassessmentisconducted.First,youremployerevaluateseveryjobfunctionineverydepartmentforpotentialhazards.Ifanyhazardsarefoundduringtheirassessment,theyrecordwhatthehazardsare.Then,theydeterminewhatpartofthebodyeachhazardisariskto.Inthissessionwe’llfocusontheeyesandface,respiratorysystem,hands,feet,andhead.Finally,youremployerdetermineswhattypeofPPEwillprotectagainstthehazardsthatarefound.Forexample,ifthereisaneyehazardpresent,theywilldetermineifsafetyglassesareadequateorwhethergogglesareneeded.EyeandFaceAssessmentFlyingparticlesMoltenmetalHazardousliquids©Business&LegalReports,Inc.10065SlideShowNotesHazardassessmentsareconductedtoprotecteachpartofthebody.Let’sstartwiththeeyesandface.Youremployerchecksforexposuretoflyingparticlessuchasdustfromgrinding,metalchipsfrommachineshopequipment,orwoodchipsfromacabinetshop.Flyingparticlescausethemajorityofeyeinjuriesintheworkplace.Moltenmetalisahazardifworkersareexposedtometalthatcouldsplashupanddamagetheeyesorburntheface.Hazardousliquidsarealsoacommoneyeandfacehazard.Examplesincludeaerosolcans,cleaningsolutions,solventsforcleaningmetal,sprayadhesive,andspraypaints;thesemightbesplashedorsprayedintoaworker’sfaceoreyes.EyeandFaceAssessment(cont.)AcidorcausticliquidsGasesorvaporsLightradiation©Business&LegalReports,Inc.10066SlideShowNotesHerearesomeothereyeandfacehazardsthatareevaluated:Acidorcausticliquidsareespeciallydangerousbecausetheycandoseriousdamagetotheeyesandface.Examplesincludeacidsusedforetching,causticliquidsusedinanumberofcleaningoperations,andbatteryacidfromelectricpowervehiclessuchasforklifts.Gasesandvaporscanalsocauseeyedamage.Forexample,ammonia,whichisusedinsomeair-conditioningsystems,cancausesevereeyedamage.Othervaporsandgasescancauserednessandirritation.Potentiallyinjuriouslightradiationreferstobrightlightfromweldingandcuttingoperations,orfromlaseroperations.Eyescanbeseverelydamagedifyoulookdirectlyatweldingorlaseroperationswithoutproperprotection.Modifythisslidetodescribethespecifichazardsinyourworkplace.Asktraineestothinkofotherpotentialeyeandfacehazardsspecifictotheworkplacethatarenotlistedonthisslide.RespiratoryProtectionHazardAssessmentAirbornedustsorparticulatesVaporsorfumesLackofadequateoxygen©Business&LegalReports,Inc.10067SlideShowNotesHazardassessmentsforrespiratoryprotectionevaluatethefollowingconditions:Potentialinhalationofairbornedusts,fumes,orsimilarparticulates,whichmightcomefromgrinding,cutting,sanding,orweldingoperations.Otherdustsmightcomefromwoodchips,grain,orothersolidgranularmaterials.Anotherhazardistheinhalationofvaporsorfumes,whichcancomefromawidevarietyofoperationsinvolvinghazardousmaterials.Afewexamplesincludeusingsolvents,sprayingwithaerosols,paintingoperations,andbulkhandling,includingloadingorunloadingofhazardousmaterials.Lackofadequateoxygenusuallyreferstojobsinconfinedspaceswheretheremaynotbeenoughoxygentoenterwithoutrespiratoryprotection.Thinkaboutthekindsofjobsandoperationsinyourworkplacethatrequirerespiratoryprotection.Modifyordeletethisslideandthenextslideastheyapplyordonotapplytoyourworkplace.RespiratoryProtectionHazardAssessment(cont.)Identifythespecificsource(s)ReviewtheworkprocessesMonitortheexposure©Business&LegalReports,Inc.10068SlideShowNotesAftertheassessmenthasidentifiedthepotentialrespiratoryhazards,youremployertakesthefollowingsteps:First,theyidentifythespecificsourcesoftherespiratoryhazard.Then,theyreviewtheworkprocessestodeterminewheretheexposureexistsandthemagnitudeoftheexposure.Andfinally,ifnecessary,theymonitortheexposuretomeasurethedegreeofthehazard.Modifyordeletethisslideasitappliestoyourworkplace.HearingHazardAssessmentConductanoisesurveyMonitorimpactedemployeesRepeatmonitoring©Business&LegalReports,Inc.10069SlideShowNotesToknowifweareatriskofhearingloss,wemustevaluateournoiseexposure.Thefirststepinevaluatingournoiseexposureistoconductanoisesurvey.Anoisesurveywillidentifyandcharacterizehigh-noisesourcesandidentifyemployeeswhoareimpactedbyhigh-noiselevels.Next,thenoiseexposureofemployeesatriskisevaluated.Becauseemployeesmoveaboutduringtheirworkday,anoisedosimeteristypicallyused.Thedosimeterrecordsallthenoiselevelsandcomputestheaveragenoiseexposurelevelforthatparticularemployee.Thisinformationcanbetransferredtootheremployeeswhodosimilarjobs.Monitoringisrepeatedwheneverachangeinproduction,process,orequipmentinfluencesnoise-levelexposures.Whatwasthemonitoringstrategyemployedbyyourworkplace? Whoconductedthemonitoring? Wasitdoneinternallyorbyanoutsidecompany? Discusshere.Showtraineesamapthatindicatesallthehigh-noiseareasandtheresultsofyourfacility’snoisemonitoring,ifavailable. HeadHazardAssessmentFallingobjectsExposedelectricalconductorsLow-hangingobstructions©Business&LegalReports,Inc.100610SlideShowNotesNowlet’smoveontoheadhazards.Fallingobjectscanbeamajorcauseofheadinjuries.Somejobsexposeworkerstoobjectsfallingfromabove,suchasworkplaceswithscaffoldsandcatwalks,whereworkersareaboveandbeloweachother.Exposedelectricalconductorsmaybeahazard,requiringtheuseofappropriatehardhats—thosethatdonotconductelectricity.Finally,low-hangingobstructionspresentanotherheadhazard,suchaswhenaworkerneedstowalkorcrawlunderequipmenttoperformmaintenanceorcleaning.Thesearetheprimarycausesofheadinjuries.Asktraineestothinkofanyotherpotentialheadhazardsspecifictotheworkplacethatarenotlistedonthisslide.FootHazardAssessmentFalling,rolling,orsharpobjectsElectricalhazardsSlipperywalkingsurfacesHazardousmaterialsColdweatherconditions©Business&LegalReports,Inc.100611SlideShowNotesAhazardassessmentdoesnotforgetpotentialfoothazards.Therearemanypossiblehazardstothefeet,including:Falling,rolling,orsharpobjectsthataredroppedonfeetbyworkerswhohandleheavyobjects.Insomeworkplaces,theremaybeexposuretoheavyrollingobjectssuchaslargerollsofpaperorforklifttires,whichcancrushsomeone’sfoot.Anotherpotentialhazardisthepresenceofsharpobjectsthatmightpiercethesoleofaworker’sshoeandfoot.Theremaybeelectricalhazardsinsomeworkplacesthatrequiretheuseofinsulatedfootwearthatcontainsnometal.Slipperywalkingsurfacesmaycausefalls.Whileafallmightnotinjurethefoot,slipperyfloorsareconsideredafoothazardbecauseproperfootwearisrequiredtoreducethehazard.Hazardousmaterialscouldbeafoothazardifthereisapossibilityofthemsplashingonthefeetorseepinginthroughthesoles.Finally,coldweatherconditionscanbeafoothazardifthereisthepossibilityoffrostbite.Thesearetheprimarytypesandcausesoffootinjuries.Asktraineestothinkofanyotherpotentialfoothazardsspecifictotheworkplacethatarenotlistedonthisslide.HandHazardAssessmentSkinabsorptionofharmfulsubstancesSeverecutsorlacerationsSevereabrasions©Business&LegalReports,Inc.100612SlideShowNotesAhandhazardassessmentisverycomprehensive,becausetherearesomanydifferentpossiblecausesofhandinjuries.Skinabsorptionofhazardousmaterials,whichoftenoccursthroughthehands,cancauseskindamage.Severecutsandlacerationscanresultfromworkingwithmachineryandequipment.Thesemachinesshouldhaveprotectiveguarding,butyoustillneedtoknowaboutthepossiblehazards.Cuttingequipmentsuchassawsanddrillscancausesevereinjuryifahandisplacednearthepointofoperation.Handtoolscancausecutsandpunctures.Evenmetalstrapsorwiresusedforpackagingcancauseseverecutsifnothandledcarefully.Severeabrasions,includingscrapes,tearingoftheskin,andremovaloftheskin,areotherpossiblehandinjuries.Theycanoccurwhenusingitemssuchassanders,grinders,conveyorbelts,rotatingshafts,scrapmetal,andbrokenglass.Onceagain,youshouldknowhowtoprotectyourselfagainstthesekindsofhazards.HandHazardAssessment(cont.)PuncturesChemicalburnsThermalburnsFrostbite©Business&LegalReports,Inc.100613SlideShowNotesOthertypesofhandhazardsinclude:Puncturewounds,whichcanresultfromawidevarietyoftoolsandequipmentsuchasdrills,nailguns,andevenscrewdrivers.Sliversofmetalorwoodcanalsocausedeeppuncturesthatcanbecomeinfected.Burnscanbecausedbyhandlingacids,caustics,andmanystronghazardousmaterials.Dependingontheconcentrationofthecorrosive,burnscanbequitesevere.Thermalburns—thatis,burnsfromheat—canresultfromwelding,cutting,andbrazingoperations.Steamequipment,suchasaboiler,involvemanyextremelyhotitemssuchaspipesandtanks.Industrialovensforbaking,drying,orannealingpresentobviousthermalburnhazards.Finally,frostbitecanresultfromworkingoutsideinfrigidconditionsorfromworkingwithcryogenicmaterials.Asktraineestothinkofanyotherpotentialhandhazardsspecifictotheworkplacethatarenotlistedonthisslide.Otherhazardsmightincluderepetitivemotionorexposuretovibrations.ClothingAssessmentHotorcoldmaterialsorobjectsHazardousmaterialsWeldinghazardsHeavy,sharp,orroughmaterialsMovingmachinery©Business&LegalReports,Inc.100614SlideShowNotesEvaluatinghazardsincludesanassessmenttodetermineproperclothing.Herearesomeofthehazardsthatwouldrequireyoutowearprotectiveclothing:Hotorcoldmaterialsorobjectscancauseskindamage.Ifyouworkaroundsteamlinesorinotherhotenvironments,orworkinrefrigeratedareasorothercoldenvironments,youprobablyneedprotectiveclothingandotherequipment.Ifyouworkwithhazardousmaterialsyoumayneedtowearprotectiveclothing,inadditiontoprotectivegloves,boots,andeyewear,toguardagainstsplashes.Weldingoftenrequireswearingfire-resistantclothingtopreventbeingburnedbysparks.Ifyouworkwithheavy,sharp,orroughmaterialsyouusuallyneedtowearprotectiveclothingtoprotectagainstcutsandabrasionsonyourbody,arms,andlegs.Finally,ifyouworkaroundmovingmachineryyoushouldbealerttothetypeofclothingyouwear,sincelooseclothingmaygetcaughtinthemovingparts.FillintheBlanks1.______________causethemajorityofeyeinjuriesintheworkplace.2.Lackofadequate______isarespiratoryhazardusuallyfoundinjobsinconfinedspaces.3.Aslipperyfloorisconsidereda____hazard.4._____clothingshouldnotbewornwhileworkingaroundmovingmachinery.FlyingparticlesoxygenfootLoose©Business&LegalReports,Inc.100615SlideShowNotesNowit’stimeforanexercise.Readthroughthefollowingstatementsandfillinthemissingblanks.[PAUSE]Herearetheanswers:1.Flyingparticlescausethemajorityofeyeinjuriesintheworkplace.2.Lackofadequateoxygenisarespiratoryhazardusuallyfoundinjobsinconfinedspaces.3.Aslipperyfloorisconsideredafoothazard.4.Looseclothingshouldnotbewornwhileworkingaroundmovingmachinery.Howdidyoudo?Didyougetalloftheanswersordoyouneedtogobackandreview?PPEHazardAssessment—AnyQuestions?Doyouunderstand:Howahazardassessmentisconducted?Howhazardsareevaluatedinregardstoeachpartofthebody?©Business&LegalReports,Inc.100616SlideShowNotesAtthispoint,besureyouunderstand:HowyouremployerconductsaPPEhazardassessment?Howhazardsareevaluatedinregardstoeachpartofthebody?SelectingEyeandFaceProtectionSafetyglassesGogglesFaceshieldsShadedfilterlensesPrescriptioneyewearANSIZ87©Business&LegalReports,Inc.100617SlideShowNotesInthispartofthesessionwe’lltalkabouthowyouremployerselectstheappropriatepersonalprotectiveequipmentfordifferenthazards.We’llalsofocusonhowtoproperlywearandcareforeachpieceofPPE.Let’sstartwiththedifferenttypesofeyeandfaceprotection.Safetyglasseswithsideprotectionaredesignedtoprotectagainstflyingobjectssuchasmetalorwoodchips.Gogglesprotecttheeyesagainstflyingobjectsandfromfloatingdust,hazardousliquids,gases,andvapors.Faceshieldsareneededtoprotectagainstsplashes,hotslag,flyingdebris,andmoltenmetals.Thefaceshieldthatisselectedshouldbespecifictothehazard.Shadedfilterlensesareworntoprotectagainstpotentiallyharmfullightradiation,suchasfromweldingoperationsorcertainlaserequipment.Prescriptionsafetyglassesmaybeappropriateifyouneedcorrectiveeyewear.Wearingcontactlensesisnotrecommendedwhenexposedtosuchhazardsasdust,hazardousliquidsorvapors,andhightemperatures.Allapprovedeyeandfaceprotectionmustbemarked“Z87,”meaningthatitcomplieswiththeAmericanNationalStandardsInstitute,orANSI,standardforeyePPE.Bringexamplesofthedifferenttypesofeyeprotectionthathavebeenselectedforeachhazardidentifiedinyourorganization’shazardassessment.WearandCareofEyeProtectionFitscomfortablyDoesnotdistortorblockvisionPutonbeforeexposureCleanregularlyDisposewhendamaged©Business&LegalReports,Inc.100618SlideShowNotesIfeyeprotectionisrequiredforyourjobfunction,it’simportantthatyouwearandcareforitproperly.Herearesomestepstofollow:PPEfortheeyesandfaceshouldalwaysfitcomfortably.Eyewearshouldn’tpinchyournoseorputpressureonyourhead.Eyewearshouldnotdistortorblockyourvision.Ifyouareexperiencingdizzinessorheadachesfromwearingeyeprotection,tryanotherstyleorbrand.Remembertoputeyewearonbeforebeingexposedtoahazard.Thismayseemobvious,butmanyeyeinjuriesoccureachyearbecauseworkersforgettoputontheirprotectiveeyewearbeforestartingahazardousjob.Keepprotectiveeyewearcleanbywashingregularlywithsoapandwater,orwithspecialcleaningproducts.Regularcleaninghelpsmakesurethatyourvisionisnotblockedorblurred.Ifyouareexposedtodustorhazardousliquidswhilewearinggoggles,makesuretocleanoffthetoprimofthegogglesbeforeremovingthem.ThispreventsdustorliquidfromdrippingorfallingintotheeyeswhenthePPEisremoved.Disposeofprotectiveeyewearifscratchedorotherwisedamagedbecauseitmaynotfitcorrectly,maydistortyourvision,orprovideinadequateprotection.SelectingRespiratoryProtectionFilteringfacepiece(dustmask)AirpurifyingrespiratorCartridgetype©Business&LegalReports,Inc.100619SlideShowNotesAswithprotectiveeyewear,therearedifferentkindsofrespiratoryPPEthatmaybeselectedaccordingtothekindofhazardsinvolved.Afilteringfacepiece,ordustmask,isworntoprotectagainstinhalingdust.Youmaychoosetowearadustmaskvoluntarilyifyouareexposedtolowlevelsofdust.However,ifyouareexposedtohighlevelsofdust,orhazardousdustabovepermissibleexposurelimits,orPELs,youarerequiredtowearafilteringfacepiece.Airpurifyingrespirators—eitherfull-faceorhalf-face—arethemostcommontypeofrespiratoryprotection.Theserespiratorsuseacartridgeorfiltertopurifytheairbeingbreathed,andprovideprotectionagainstvaporsandfumes.AirpurifyingrespiratorsmustbewornbyworkerswhenmonitoringshowsthatPELshavebeenexceeded.AtlevelsbelowthePEL,youmaychoosetoweararespirator.Cartridgesforairpurifyingrespiratorsarecarefullychosenbyyouremployer.Notypeofcartridgewillfilteroutallpossiblecontaminants,sothecartridgewillbespecifictothehazard.Inaddition,it’simportanttoknowhowlongittakesforahazardousmaterialto“breakthrough”thecartridge;thisletsyouknowhowoftenthecartridgemustbereplaced.SelectingRespiratoryProtection(cont.)Air-suppliedrespiratorSelf-ContainedBreathingApparatus(SCBA)NIOSH-approved©Business&LegalReports,Inc.100620SlideShowNotesHerearesomeothertypesofrespiratoryprotection:Air-suppliedrespiratorsareusedforhighconcentrationsofhazardousmaterialsorinatmospheresthatdonothaveenoughoxygen.Self-ContainedBreathingApparatus,orSCBA,isusedunderconditionsthatareimmediatelydangeroustolifeandhealth,suchasinanemergencyresponsetoaseriouschemicalspill.RememberthatallrespiratorsandfilteringfacepiecesmustbecertifiedbytheNationalInstituteforOccupationalSafetyandHealth,orNIOSH.Bringexamplesofthedifferenttypesofrespiratoryprotectionthathavebeenselectedforeachofthehazardsidentifiedinyourorganization’shazardassessment.WearandCareofRespiratoryProtectionMedicalapprovalConductafittestInspectbeforeeachuse©Business&LegalReports,Inc.100621SlideShowNotesTheappropriatewearandcareofrespiratoryprotectionisextremelyimportantifitistoprovideproperprotection.Tobegin,medicalapprovalisrequiredforsometypesofrespirators.Ourworkplace’sRespiratoryProtectionProgramincludesinformationaboutthenecessarymedicalapprovals.Afittestmustbeconductedatleastannuallyifyouarerequiredtoweararespirator.Fittestinginvolvesdifferenttechniquestomakesuretherespiratorsealstoyourfaceproperly.Finally,youshouldalwaysinspectyourrespiratorbeforeeachuse,checkingpartssuchastheseal,headstraps,valves,andcartridgesforsignsofcracking,wear,orotherdamage.Anydamagedpartsshouldbediscardedandreplaced.WearandCareofRespiratoryProtection(cont.)CheckthesealCleanregularlyStoreproperly©Business&LegalReports,Inc.100622SlideShowNotesHerearesomemorestepstofollowifyouweararespiratorintheworkplace.Checkthesealoftherespiratoreverytimeyouputiton,tomakesureitfitsyourfaceproperly.Apositivesealcheckinvolvesbreathingoutwhileblockingtheexhalationvalvetoseeifairescapes.Anegativesealcheckinvolvescoveringtheinhalationvalveswhilebreathingin.Therespiratorshouldstaycavedin—ifitdoesn’t,thesealleaks.Youshouldcleanyourrespiratorregularly.Dailycleaningmightinvolveusinganalcoholwipe.Athoroughcleaning,neededperiodically,involvestakingtherespiratorapartandcleaningitwithsoapandwater,thenleavingthepartstoairdry.It’salsoimportanttoproperlystorerespiratorstoprotectthemfromdustandothercontaminants.Placetherespiratorinasealedplasticbag,andstoresoitsnaturalshapeisnotdistorted.HearingProtectionEarplugsCanalcapsEarmuffsImagecourtesyofElvexCorporation©Business&LegalReports,Inc.100623SlideShowNotesHearingprotectionisrequiredwhenyouworkinareasthatcontainloudsound.Therearemanytypesofhearingprotection,includingearplugs,canalcaps,andearmuffs.Therearemanydifferentstylesandbrandsofearplugs,buttheyareallverysimilar.Earplugsoffergreatprotectionfromnoiseandarelightweightandunobtrusive.Justremembertomakesuretheplugsarecleanbeforeinsertingtheminyourear.Getanewpairatthebeginningofeachday.Canalcapsareusefulforemployeeswhoareexposedtoloudnoiseforshortperiodsoftimeorsomeonewhohastowalkthroughahigh-noiseareatogetfromonedepartmenttoanother.Theyusuallydonothavethesameprotectionastheplugsbecausetheydonotentertheearcanal;theymerelycapthecanal’sentrance.Earmuffsaregenerallyusedasasupplementalprotectionfromnoise.Theymightbeusedinadditiontoearplugstohelpreducenoiseexposureevenfurther.Headphonesfromportableradiosdonotcountashearingprotectiondevices.Iftheearmuffsdonotfitperfectlyorsealadequately,theycanactu