专八100个必背词组

PAGEPAGE1专八100个必背词组---40%以上的出现概率2010-03-0515:35|(分类:默认分类)阅读，改错和翻译中出现的超高频词组，非背不可1.abideby(=befaithfulto;obey)忠于；遵守。2.beabsentfrom….缺席，不在3.absenceormind(=beingabsent-minded)心不在焉4.absorb(=takeuptheattentionof)吸引…的注意力(被动语态):beabsorbedin全神贯注于…近:beengrossedin;belostin;beraptin;beconcentratedon;befocusedon;becenteredon5.(be)abundantin(berichin;bewellsuppliedwith)富于,富有6.access(to)(不可数名词)能接近,进入,了解7.byaccident(=bychance,accidentally)偶然地,意外.Withoutaccident(=safely)安全地,8.ofone’sownaccord(=withoutbeingasked;willingly;freely)自愿地,主动地9.inaccordwith与…一致/outofone’saccordwith同….不一致10.withoneaccord(=witheverybodyagreeing)一致地11.inaccordancewith(=inagreementwith)依照,根据12.onone’sownaccount1)为了某人的缘故,为了某人自己的利益2)(=atone’sownrisk)自行负责3)(=byoneself)依靠自己onaccount赊账;onaccountof因为;onnoaccount不论什么原因也不;of…account有…..重要性.13.take…intoaccount(=consider)把...考虑进去14.givesb.anaccountof说明,解释(理由)15.accountfor(=giveanexplanationorreasonfor)解释,说明.16.onaccountof(=becauseof)由于,因为.17.onnoaccount(=innocase,fornoreason)绝不要,无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装)18.accuse…of…(=charge…with;blamesb.forsth.;blamesth.onsb.;complainabout)指控,控告19.beaccustomedto(=beinthehabitof,beusedto)习惯于.20.beacquaintedwith(=tohaveknowledgeof)了解;(=tohavemetsocially)熟悉21.acton奉行,按照…行动;actas扮演;actfor代理22.adaptoneselfto(=adjustoneselfto)使自己适应于23.adapt…(for)(=makesth.Suitableforanewneed)改编,改写(以适应新的需要)24.inaddition(=besides)此外,又,加之25.inadditionto(=aswellas,besides,otherthan)除…外26.adhereto(=abideby,conformto,complywith,clingto,insiston,persistin,observe,opinion,belief)粘附;坚持,遵循27.adjacent(=nextto,closeto)毗邻的,临近的28.adjust..(to)(=changeslightly)调节;适应;29.admitof(=becapableof,leaveroomfor)…的可能，留有…的余地.30.inadvance(beforeintime)预告,事先.31.toadvantage有利的,使优点更加突出地.32.haveanadvantageover胜过.havetheadvantageof由于…处于有利条件havetheadvantageofsb.知道某人所不知道的事33.takeadvantageof(=makethebestof,utilize,makeuseof,profitfrom,harness)利用.34.agreewith赞同(某人)agreeto同意35.inagreement(with)同意,一致36.aheadof在…之前,超过…;…………….aheadoftime提前.37.intheair1)不肯定,不具体.2)在谣传中.38.aboveall(=especially,mostimportantofall)尤其是,最重要的.39.inall(=countingeveryoneoreverything,altogether)总共,总计40.afterall毕竟,到底;(not)atall一点也不;allatonce(=suddenly)突然;onceandforall只此一次;aboveall最重要的;firstofall首先;allinall大体上说;beallin累极了;allbut几乎.41.allowfor(=takeintoconsideration,takeintoaccount)考虑到,估计到.42.amountto(=tobeequalto)总计,等于.43.answerfor(undertakeresponsibilityfor,beliablefor,takechargefor)对…负责.44.answerto(=conformto)适合,符合.45.beanxiousabout为…焦急不安;或anxiousfor46.apologizetosb.forsth.为…向…道歉47.appealtosb.forsth.为某事向某人呼吁.appealtosb.对某人有吸引力48.applytosb.forsth.为…向…申请;applyfor申请;applyto适用.49.applyto与…有关;适用50.approveof(=consentto,beinfavorof,favor,agreeto,considergood,right)赞成,approvevt.批准51.arisefrom(=becausedby)由…引起.52.arrangeforsb./sth.todosth.安排…做…53.arriveon到达;arriveat到达某地(小地方);得出,作出;arrivein到达某地(大地方);54.beashamedof(=feelshame,guiltorsorrowbecauseofsth.done)以…为羞耻55.assuresb.ofsth.(=trytocausetobelieveortrustinsth.)向…保证,使…确信.56.attach(to)(=tofix,fasten;join)缚,系,结57.makeanattemptatdoingsth.(todosth.)试图做…58.attendto(=giveone’sattention,careandthought)注意,照顾;attendon(upon)(=waitupon,serve,lookafter)侍候,照料59.attitudeto/toward…对…的态度.看法60.attribute…to…(=tobelievesth.tobetheresultof…)把..归因于..,认为..是..的结果61.ontheaverage(=onaverage,onanaverage)平均62.(be)awareof(=beconsciousof,havingknowledgeorconsciousness)意识到,知道.63.atthebackof(=behind)在…后面64.inthebackof在…后部(里面);onthebackof在…后部(外面);beonone’sback(=beillinbed)卧病不起.65.atone’sback(=supportingorfavoringsb.)支持,维护;havesb.atone’sback有…支持,有…作后台66.turnone’sbackonsb.(=turnawayfromsb.inanimpoliteway)不理睬(某人),背弃,抛弃67.behindone’sback背着某人(说坏话)68.bebasedon/upon基于69.onthebasisof根据…,在…基础上70.beat…at在…运动项目上打赢71.beginwith以…开始.tobeginwith(=firstofall)首先,第一(经常用于开始语)72.onbehalfof(=astherepresentativeof)以…名义73.believein(=havefaithortrustin;considersth./sb.tobetrue)相信,依赖,信仰.74.benefit(from)受益,得到好处.75.forthebenefitof为了…的利益(好处)76.forthebetter好转77.getthebetterof(=defeatsb.)打败,胜过.78.bybirth在出生上,论出身,按血统atbirth在出生时;givebirthto出生79.blamesb.forsth.因…责备某人.blamesth.onsb.把…推在某人身上80.inblossom开花(指树木)beinblossom开花(强调状态)comeintoblossom开花(强调动作)81.onboard到船上,在船上,上火车或飞机82.boastof(orabout)吹嘘83.outofbreath喘不过气来84.inbrief(=inasfewwordsaspossible)简言之85.inbulk成批地,不散装的86.takethefloor起立发言87.onbusiness出差办事.88.bebusywithsth.于某事。bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事89.lastbutone倒数第二.90.butfor(=without)要不是.表示假设91.buysth.for…money用多少钱买92.becapableof能够,有能力becapableofbeing+过去分词:是能够被…的93.inanycase(=forloveormoney,atanyrate,atanyprice,atanycost,whateverhappens;anyhow)无论如何94.incase(=forfearthat)万一;95.incaseof(=intheeventof)如果发生…万一inthecaseof至于…,就…而言96.innocase在任何情况下都不(放句首倒装句)97.becautiousof谨防98.centerone’sattentionon(=focusone’sattentionon)把某人的注意力集中在…上99.becertainof(=besureof)有把握,一定.100.forcertainof(=forsure)肯定地,有把握地\专八必背人文知识1.  ATaleofTwoCitieswaswrittenbyCharlesDickens.2.  Phonology:Thestudyofspeechsoundsinlanguageoralanguagewithreferencetotheirdistributionandpatterningandtotacitrulesgoverningpronunciation.音位学;在语言或一门语言中，对有关其分类和模式以及为大家所默认的发音规则的研究音韵学,音系学3.  Syntax:Thestudyoftheruleswherebywordsorotherelementsofsentencestructurearecombinedtoformgrammaticalsentences.句法，研究词或其它句子成分如何联合起来形成合乎语法的句子规则的学科4.  Semantics:Thestudyorscienceofmeaninginlanguageforms.语义学，以语言形式表示意思的研究或科学5.  acronym  :首字母组合词，首字母缩略词，比如，NATO,UNESCO,BASIC,它们可以连拼，但VOA是Initialism。6.  Metonymy:Afigureofspeechinwhichonewordorphraseissubstitutedforanotherwithwhichitiscloselyassociated,asintheuseofWashingtonfortheUnitedStatesgovernmentoroftheswordformilitarypower.换喻或转喻，一种,一个词或词组被另一个与之有紧密联系的词或词组替换的修辞方法，如用华盛顿代替美==或用剑代替军事力量，对面来了三个“红领巾”也是，以红领巾指代少先队员。7.  Simile:Afigureofspeechinwhichtwoessentiallyunlikethingsarecompared,ofteninaphraseintroducedby  likeor  as,asin  Howlikethewinterhathmyabsencebeenor  Soareyoutomythoughtsasfoodtolife(Shakespeare).明喻,一种修辞手法，把两种基本不相像的东西进行比较，通常在由like或as引导的短语中，如“我的离开好象是冬天来临”或“你对我的思想就象食物对于生命一样重要”（莎士比亚）8.  Metaphor:Afigureofspeechinwhichawordorphrasethatordinarilydesignatesonethingisusedtodesignateanother,thusmakinganimplicitcomparison,asin  aseaoftroublesorAlltheworld'sastage(Shakespeare)隐喻一种语言表达手法，通常用指某物的词或词组来指代他物，从而暗示它们之间的相似之处，如“忧愁之海”或“整个世界一台戏”(莎士比亚)theshipofdesert沙漠之舟9.  Oxymoron:Arhetoricalfigureinwhichincongruousorcontradictorytermsarecombined,asinadeafeningsilenceandamournfuloptimist.矛盾修饰法,一种把互相矛盾或不调和的词合在一起的修辞手法，如在震耳欲聋的沉默和悲伤的乐观  cruelkindness10.  TheaffectionnamegiventotheclocktoweroftheHousesofParliament,WestminsterisBigBen.11.  JohnMiltonthepoetwroteofAdamandEve’sexpulsionfromtheGardenofEdeninParadiseLost.ParadiseRegainedwasalsowrittenbyhim.12.  Sonnet:A14-lineverseformusuallyhavingoneofseveralconventionalrhymeschemes.十四行诗体,一种由十四行组成的诗歌形式，通常有一种传统的押韵形式,莎士比亚用过此诗体。13.  Slang:Akindoflanguageoccurringchieflyincasualandplayfulspeech,madeuptypicallyofshort-livedcoinagesandfiguresofspeechthataredeliberatelyusedinplaceofstandardtermsforaddedraciness,humor,irreverence,orothereffect.俚语主要出现在非正式的、游戏性的话语中的一种语言，基本由存在时间很短的派生词和修辞构成，它们被故意地用来取代的词语以达到生动、幽默、无礼或其它效果14.  CatchPhrase:Aphraseinwideorpopularuse,especiallyoneservingasasloganforagroupormovement.警句，妙句，吸引人的词句广泛使用的或流行的用语，尤指用作集团或运动的口号的用语。15.  Jargon:Thespecializedortechnicallanguageofatrade,profession,orsimilargroup.行话,一个行业、职业或类似的团体中使用的专业的或技术的语言.  terminology16.  Platitude:Atriteorbanalremarkorstatement,especiallyoneexpressedasifitwereoriginalorsignificant.陈腔滥调,陈腐的或平庸的评论或陈述，尤指某人表述它时好象它是新颖的或有意义的17.  Hyperbole:Afigureofspeechinwhichexaggerationisusedforemphasisoreffect,asin  Icouldsleepforayearor  Thisbookweighsaton.夸张法,一种比喻，使用夸张来强调或产生某种效果，比如在我能睡一年或这书有一吨重18.  onomatopoeia:Theformationoruseofwordssuchas  buzzor  murmurthatimitatethesoundsassociatedwiththeobjectsoractionstheyreferto.象声词,词的构成或用法，例如buzz或nurmur模仿事物或行动的声音.19.  hypotaxis:从属关系20.  parataxis:并列结构，指短语或分句间不用连词，如：Icame,Isaw,Iconquered.21.  Transcendentalism:Aliteraryandphilosophicalmovement,associatedwithRalphWaldoEmersonandMargaretFuller,assertingtheexistenceofanidealspiritualrealitythattranscendstheempiricalandscientificandisknowablethroughintuition.超验主义,一种文学和哲学运动，与拉尔夫•沃尔多•爱默生和玛格丽特•富勒有关，宣称存在一种理想的精神实体，超越于经验和科学之处，通过直觉得以把握22.  NathanielHawthornewrotetheScarletLetter.美国23.  Morphology:Thestudyofthestructureandformofwordsinlanguageoralanguage,includinginflection,derivation,andtheformationofcompounds.词法，词态学，形态音位学,语言或某一语言中对于单词的结构和形式的研究，包括词尾变化、派生和合成词的构成24.  affricate:Acomplexspeechsoundconsistingofastopconsonant辅音followedbyafricative摩擦;forexample,theinitialsoundsof  childand  joy.塞擦音由闭塞音伴随着摩擦音而形成的复杂的语音；例如child和joy的第一个音Alsocalled:affricative.25.  VanityFair名利场waswrittenWilliamMakepeaceThackray26.  NeilArmstrongwasthefirstpersontowalkonthemoon.EdwinAldrin,MichaelCollins尼尔．阿姆斯特朗、埃德温．奥尔德林、迈克尔．柯林斯27.  Thetitleofthenationalanthem国歌ofCanadaisOCanada.此种类型题同学们可自己多找几个国家。28.  HenryDavidThoreau’swork,Walden,hasalwaysbeenregardedasamasterpieceofNewEnglandTranscendentalism.29.  etymology:thehistoryofaword.词源学30.  ThedominantaccentintheUnitedStatesisGeneralAmerican.除纽约市、南方、新英格兰31.  JohnLennonisamemberofthebandofBeatles披头士或甲壳虫乐队inthe1960s.32.  InGulliver’sTravels格列佛游记,JonathanSwiftdescribestheislandoftheHouyhnhnmsastheworld’smostperfectsociety.有理智和人性的马Houyhnhnmsarehorsesinfact.33.  CeoffreyChaucerwroteCanterburyTalesinfourteenthcentury.34.  morpheme:Ameaningfullinguisticunitconsistingofaword,suchas  man,orawordelement,suchas  -edin  walked,thatcannotbedividedintosmallermeaningfulparts.词素,一种含有一个单词的有意义的语言单位，如-ed在单词walked中，不能被划分为更小的有意义单位35.  Thenameofthefamousstadium露天体育场inthenorthofLondonisWembley.36.  Wimbledon温布尔登[英国英格兰东南部城市](位于伦敦附近,是著名的国际网球比赛地)37.  ToadintheholeisaTraditionalEnglishrecipe食谱,originatingfromYorkshire,acountyinthenorthofEngland.  烤面拖牛肉，，面拖烤香肠38.  Boycott:Toacttogetherinabstainingfromusing,buying,ordealingwithasanexpressionofprotestordisfavororasameansofcoercion（强制）.联合抵制,联合起来拒绝使用、购买或经销以示抗议、不满或作为强制的手段39.  Segregation:Thepolicyandpracticeofimposingthesocialseparationofraces,asinschools,housing,andindustry,especiallysoastopracticediscriminationagainstpeopleofcolorinapredominantlywhitesociety.种族隔离,强制实行种族的社会分离政策及实践，如在学校、居住和工业中，尤指在白人居多的社会中实行有色人种歧视的政策40.  Apartheid:AnofficialpolicyofracialsegregationpracticedintheRepublicofSouthAfrica,involvingpolitical,legal,andeconomicdiscriminationagainstnonwhites.种族隔离制,南非共和国实行的一种官方的种族隔离政策，包括在政治、法律和经济诸方面对非白色人种的歧视.41.  Integration:Thebringingofpeopleofdifferentracialorethnicgroupsintounrestrictedandequalassociation,asinsocietyoranorganization;desegregation.种族或宗教融合,在社会或组织中，使不同的种族或宗教派别的人处于无限制的平等的关系中；取消种族隔离42.  ThemajorityofFrench-speakingCanadiansliveinQuebec.43.  SirThomasMorecoinedtheword“Utopia”,itmeansnowherelandinGreek.44.  TheHemingwayCodeheroesarebestrememberedfortheirindestructiblespirit.45.  Phoneme:anyoneofthesetofsmallestdistinctivespeechsoundsinalanguagethatdistinguishonewordfromanother音位，音素,语言中最小的语音单位，如英语里mat中的m和bat中的b46.  polysemy:一词多义47.  patronsaint：保护圣徒,守护神48.  Parentese:父母语49.  backformation:逆构词脱落一词的词缀以构成新词typewriter→typewrite50.  allomorph:Anyofthevariantformsofamorpheme.Forexample,thephoneticsof  cats,zofdogs,andzof  horsesandthe  enof  oxenareallomorphsoftheEnglishpluralmorpheme.语素变体,语素的一种变体形式，如语音学的中之s在cats中，z在dogs中，和iz在horses中，还有en在oxen中都是英语复数语素的语素变体.专八听力必背新闻词汇听力中如果不考到下面的单词，你可以来找我了，这是题库，希望大家背背吧 政治新闻常用词汇absolutemajority 绝对多数            adhoccommittee特别委员会advisorybody 咨询机构                anti-establishment反政府情绪all-embracingagreement包罗万象的协定  arbitration调停bipartisandiplomacy两党一致的对外政策 carrot-and-stick威胁利诱政策deadlock僵局                           shoe-stringmajority微弱多数embargo禁运                            summitconference首脑会议abstainfromvoting弃权                 airoftension紧张气氛administrativeauthorities行政当局      amendment修正案apartheid种族隔离                       baremajority勉强过半数briefingmeeting简要新闻发布会          nonalignedcountry不结盟国家congressionalhearing(美国)国会意见听证会diplomaticimmunity外交豁免权           shuttlediplomacy穿梭外交 经贸新闻常用词汇accumulateddeficit累计赤字                activetradebalance贸易顺差businessslump生意萧条                     dullmarket萧条的市场economictakeoff 经济起飞                  broker经纪人              reciprocaltradeagreement互惠贸易政笼     dividend红利   wholesaledealer批发商                      economicrecession经济衰退goldstandard金本位                         devaluation贬值  AmericanSellingPrice美国销售价格          retailer零售商priceindex物价指数                         deficiency亏损across-the-boardtariffcuttalks全面削减关税会谈demandandsupplybalance供求平衡           goldreserve黄金储备price-curbingpolicy抑制物价政策tycoon巨头                                   petrodollar石油美元non-confidencemotion不信任案               stalledpeacetalks陷入僵局的和谈adversetradebalance贸易逆差                economicsanction经济制裁switchtrade转手贸易                         fiscalyear财政年度balanceoftrade贸易平衡                      cashtransaction现金交易fluctuatingsalary附加工资，浮动工资 军事新闻常用词汇activearmedforces现役武装部队              blanketbombing地毯武轰炸administrationparty执政党                 ambassador-at-large巡回大使anti-inflationmeasures制止通货膨胀的措施   agenda议程backnumber过时的人或物                     bluffdiplomacy恫吓外交closed-doormeeting秘密会议                 diplomaticchannel外交途径memorandum备忘录                            showdown摊牌unanimousresolution一致通过的决议          belligerentpowers交战国militaryexpansion军备扩张                  beamweapons激光束武器scudmissile飞毛腿导弹                      aircraftcarrier航空母舰around-the-clockbombing日夜不停的轰炸     generalarmistice全面停战adoptedbyconsensus 经过协商一致通过      aliendomination外国统治amicablerelations友好关系             appleofdiscord  引起不和的争端behind-the-scenemaneuvering幕后操纵      budgetcommittee预算委员会communiqué公报                          diplomaticmaneuvers外交策略arms build-up军备集结                unconditionalsurrender无条件投降      armamentrace军备竞赛                     mushroomcloud蘑菇云scoutplane侦察飞机                         airlifttroop空降部队destroyer驱逐舰                             sweeper扫雷艇chemicalweapon化学武器                     armoredcorps装甲兵团ABM(anti-ballisticmissile)反弹道导弹marinecorps海军陆战队                      submarine潜水艇nuclearweapon核武器                     AAM(air-to-airmissile)空对空导弹 科技、教育、文化、卫生新闻常用词汇academia学术界                        academicyear学年braindrain人才外流                   openclassroom讨论式教学atomic energy原子能                   comet彗星extraterrestrial外星的                 hardware硬件dispensary药房                         laboratory实验室injection注射                          bloodtype血型dysentery痢疾                          chickenpox水痘anemia贫血                             euthanasia安乐死industrialdisease职业病               cramming system填鸭式教学法astronomer天文学家                    chip晶体片constellation星座                      galaxy银河系coeducation男女同                      ambulance救护车surgicaldepartment外科                inoculate注射预防针disinfectant消毒剂                     malaria疟疾plague鼠疫                             tumor肿瘤geneticengineering遗传工程学          audio-visualaids视听教具AIDS(acquiredimmunedeficiencysyndrome)爱滋病CAI(computer-assistedinstruction)计算机辅助教学文体、娱乐新闻常用词汇athletics运动                                record-holder记录保持者referee(足球、拳击)裁判员                    goalkeeper足球守门员adrawngame和局                             semifinal半决赛hurdle跳栏                                   elimination海汰赛hamper因故停赛                               columnist专栏作家primetime黄金时间                            athlete运动员sprint短跑                                   umpire(垒球、网球)裁判员linesman边线裁判员                           trial预赛final决赛                                    relayrace接力赛feint假动作                                  intermission中场休息audiencerating收视率                        acrobatics杂技overture序曲                                 symphony交响曲newsreel新闻片                               rehearsal排练relay转播                                    serenade夜曲philharmonic爱乐                             filmfestival电影节telecast电视转播                             karaoke卡拉OK 社会生活、宗教；法律新闻常用词汇assault袭击                                  scandal诽谤，丑闻hijack劫机                                   detention拘留surrenderoneself自首                        verdict判决bail保释                                     electrocute电刑accused被告                                  accuser原告criminalcase刑事案件                        subpoena传票acquit宣判无罪                               commutationofsentence减刑populationexplosion人口爆炸                 addict吸毒上瘾者Buddhism佛教                                 Hinduism印度教Protestant新教                               bishop主教fraud诈骗                                    embezzlement挪用公款contemptofcourt蔑视法庭                    confess供认juror陪审员                                  sentence判刑capitalpunishment死刑                       supremecourt最高法庭witness证人                                  barrister大律师civilcase民事案件                           indictment起诉amnesty大赦                                  dropout逃避现实者feminineliberation妇女解放                  Christianity基督教Islamism伊斯兰教                             Catholic天主教Baptism浸理会                                mosque清真寺 以上是10年以来专八听力最常见和最重要的词汇，同学们一定要背完和默写出来，祝大家成功。