关于美国同性恋历史

OnDecember10th,1924GermanimmigrantsHenryGerberestablishedthefirstrecognizedinChicagogayrightsgroups.Illinoischarterissuedthefirstgaypublications:"thefriendshipandfreedom".OnJanuary1,1962AbolishedthesodomylawsinIllinoisThisisthefirststatetorepealthecountry.OnJune28,1969StonewallriotsStoneistheNewYorkCity'sGreenwichvillagepub.NewYorkwasagainstthewholegaybarshavesame-sexcouples.Inamorning,thepoliceraidedthebarandbeatthecustomer.Thisledtoaviolentdemonstrationsconflict.Thestonewallriotswasfoundforthefirsttimeisthehistoryofgaysandlesbiansoftenagainstthepersecutionofgovernment-ledgenderinstanceofthevulnerablegroup,andalsoisconsideredtobetheUnitedStatesandtheglobalgayrightsmovementkeyeventsinlife.OnJune28,1970ThefirstgayprideparadeInordertomarkthefirstanniversaryofthestonewallriots,therewasagayparadeinNewYork,ChicagoandLosAngelesOnJanuary1,1974HomosexualityisnolongerregardedasakindofdiseaseHomosexualityisnolongerincludedinapaandthediagnosticandstatisticalmanualofmentalillness.OnJanuary1,1975ElaineNoblewassworninElaineisNobleinAmericanhistoryfirstopenlygaypeopleingovernmentafter.From1975to1979,sheisinthehouseinMassachusetts.OnNovember2,1976TheriseofHarveymilkHarveymilk,thecountycouncil'scampaigninSanFranciscoin1977provedthatthegaymunitycanmakeaselection.Milkacutepoliticalsmellandprovocativestylemadehimahero.Butitalsoledtohostilityandhatred,milkhasbeethefirstmartyrgayliberationmovement.OnJanuary1,1977CampaignagainstgayTheriseofthegaymovementatthesametimealsoencounteredalotofgaymovement.In1977,amannamedAnitaBryant,Americanbeautycontestrunner-upcallsforabilltorepealtheMiami-dadecounty.Thebillaimstobanforsexualorientationdiscrimination.Anitaledagroupcalled"saveourchildren",shesaid"thosepeople(gaygroups)hopethatthroughthelawtotellourchildren,inadditiontotheexistingnormallife,alsocanhaveotherlife-style."AnitamitmenttoleadtheCrusadestoorganizetheUnitedStateshasneverhappenedbefore.OnNovember27,1978TwoassassinationSanFranciscomayorGeorgemossOrkneyandsupervisionmitteeofHarveymilk,thecityhallinSanFranciscoassassinatedbyformersupervisionmitteeDanwhite.OnMay29,19791979riotsinSanFranciscoOnlywhitewassentencedtosevenyearsinprisonhasangeredthecityofSanFrancisco'sgaymunity.Thejurybecauseof"insanity"defensepardonedwhitefirst-degreemurdercharges.Morethan1000peopleintheparade,eventuallyturnedintoriots.OnJanuary1,1980TheDemocratssupportgayrightsDemocraticnationalconventionbyastatementannouncedtheirsupportforgayrights,"allgroupscannotbediscrimination,whethersuchdiscriminationbasedonrace,religion,nationality,language,genderorsexualorientation."OnJanuary1,1981AIDSappearedBeforetheadventofHIV/AIDSforthegaymunityidentity.AIDSintheUnitedStatesappearedrapidlyafterraginginthegaymunity.OnJanuary1,1982GaycouplesVillageVoiceisthefirstgaycouplesprovidewelfarebusinesses.OfCalifornia,Berkeley,in1984alsofollowthemove,makingittheU.S.governmentisengagedinthecareermilestone.OnMarch24,1987ACTUPtothefightagainstHIV/AIDSThefightagainstHIV/AIDSallianceACTUPtakingshape.Theagencyorganizedprotestsformanytimes,includinga1988protestsshutdownthefoodanddrugadministration.OnJanuary1,1993HawaiiisshorttoallowgaymarriageHawaii'sSupremeCourttodeclarethestateacan'twithoutviolationoftheequalprotectionregulationsbanninggaycouplestomarry.OnDecember21,1993Don'task,don'tsayTheU.S.defensedepartmentadopteda"don'task,don'ttell"policy,thepolicyallowsgaymunityinthecaseofconcealtheirsexualorientationinthearmy.OnJanuary25,1996"Lease"stageMusical"rent"sexandAIDSintheBroadwaytheatreperformanceandwonthePulitzerprize.LaterthatyeartheplayonBroadway.AndpurposeoftheshowcreatorJonathanlarsonwasreleasedthedaybeforethesuddendeath.OnSeptember21,1996DefenseofmarriageU.S.PresidentBillClintonsignedthedefenseofmarriageact.Thelaw,marriagecanonlyhappeninbetweenmenandwomen.OnApril16,1997Yes,I'mgayEllendegeneresannouncedoutoftheark.OnNovember3,1998TheconstitutionofHawaiiHawaiivotedthesecondamendment,whichauthorizedstatebythemethodsofmanagementandeducationtopreventsame-sexmarriage.OnJanuary1,1999California'spartnershipCaliforniahasestablishedthesame-sexcouplesaregistry,andallowgaycouplestogotothehospitaltovisitforthefirsttime.OnJuly1,2000AneweraVermontbecamethefirststatetolegalizegaycouplescivilunions.OnJune23,2003LawrencevTexasInLawrencev.Texascase,theSupremeCourtoverturnedballsvhardwickprecedent,andtheactofsodomy,Texas,andannouncedthatstatesmaynotprohibitsame-sexsexualbehaviouramongadultsormutuallyagreed.OnFebruary24,2004Bushsupportbanningsame-sexmarriageUSPresidentGeorgew.bushannouncedhesupportedonthefederalconstitutionalamendmentbanningsame-sexmarriage.LaterthatyeartheUnitedStatessenateandhouseofrepresentativesvotedagainsttheamendmentstotheconstitution.OnMay17,2004IamwillingtoMassachusettsbecamethefirststatetolegalizegaymarriage.Ingoodrichvtheministryofpublichealth,theMassachusettsSupremeCourtjudgetobangaymarriageinviolationoftheMassachusettsconstitution.OnNovember2,200411statesdefinemarriage11statesbythedefinitionofmarriageasamanandawomantoaconstitutionalamendment.TheyareArkansas,Georgia,Kentucky,Montana,NorthDakota,Ohio,Michigan,Mississippi,Oklahoma,OregonandUtah.OnMarch5,2006BrokebackmountainwonthreeoscarsBrokebackmountainwonthebestdirector,bestadaptedscreenplayandbestscorethreeoscars.OnNovember7,2006Eightstatesproposedbanningsame-sexmarriageEightstatesproposedconstitutionalamendmentbanningsame-sexmarriage.TheyareinColorado,Idaho,southCarolina,southDakota,Tennessee,VirginiaandWisconsinandArizona.ButintheendonlyArizonapassedthebill.OnMay15,2008Californiaruledthatthebanonsame-sexmarriagewasunconstitutionalCalifornia'sSupremeCourtruledthatthebanonsame-sexmarriagewasunconstitutional.SinceJuly16,2008,California'sgaycouplescanlegallymarried.OnOctober10,2008Connecticutlegalizesame-sexmarriageConnecticut'shighestcourtruledsame-sexmarriagelegal.OnNovember4,2008Proposition8inCaliforniaDefinesmarriagerightsasamanandawomanonlylegalizegaymarriageinCalifornia'sproposition8justfourmonthsafterthepass.OnApril3,2003IowastatecourtsabolishedlawsbanninggaymarriageIowa'sSupremeCourttoabolishthebanongaymarriage,becamethethirdstateoflegalizedgaymarriage.ThenewlawinthesameyearonApril27.OnApril7,2009VermontlegalizedgaymarriageThesenateandthehouseofrepresentativesintheoverthrowofthevermontgovernorJimDouglas'svetoafterlegalizedgaymarriage.OnMay6,2009NewHampshirelegalizesame-sexmarriageNewHampshirelegislaturevotedtomaketheproposaltolegalizesame-sexmarriage.OnMay26,2009Californiacourtbyproposition8TheCaliforniaSupremeCourtthroughtheproposition8,butthecourtruledthatthebillthroughmarriagebefore18000gaymarriageislegal.OnDecember15,2009Washington,d.c.,legalizesame-sexmarriageWashington,d.c.,courtby11votesthan2passedtheproposaltolegalizesame-sexmarriage.OnJanuary31,2011Legalizationofcivilunions,IllinoisIllinoisgovernorpatquinnsignedprotectreligiousfreedomandcivilunionsbill.Theactallowssame-sexcivilunionsafterJune1,2011tobeelegal.OnJune24,2011HesignedlegislationtomakeNewYorklegalizedgaymarriageNewYork'sgovernor,Andrewcuomo,signedabilllegalizingsame-sexmarriage.NewYorkstatesincethesameyearinJuly24canlegalsame-sexmarriage.OnSeptember20,2011"Don'task,don'tsay"billwasabolishedToensurethatthegaymunitycanserve"don'task,don'ttell"policywasabolishedafterthedebateinamonth.Congress,thePresident,thedefensedepartment,thechairmanofthejointchiefsofstaffsignallagreetoabolishthepolicy.Morethan13000peoplewereinfamousexpelledfromthearmy.OnSeptember30,2011Thedepartmentofdefenseallowsame-sexmarriageceremonyThepentagonallowedchaplainpresidedovergayweddings.OnMay9,2012ObamasupportsgaymarriagePresidentbarackObamahasdeclaredhissupportformarriageequalityontheABCnews.OnNovember6,2012Maine,WashingtonandMarylandlegalizesame-sexmarriageOnMarch18,2013HillaryClinton,supportgaymarriageFormerU.S.secretaryofstateHillaryClinton,announcedhersupportgaymarriage.OnMarch21,2013ColoradoagreewithcivilunionsBeethestateoftheninthallowcivilunions,Colorado.OnMarch26,2013Proposition8andthedefenseofmarriageactlegislationintheUnitedStatesSupremeCourtFordecades,theU.S.SupremeCourtstartedtolooseontheissueofgaymarriage.OnMarch27,2013pletethemarriageAftertwodaysofdebate,theusSupremeCourtdefinemarriageasabinationofmenandwomenseemtoabolishthedefenseofmarriageact.OnApril29,2013NBAplayersingoutWashingtonwizardsplayerJasonCollinsannouncedhimselfoutinanexclusiveinterview.HeisthefirstmajorAmericansportsopenlygayathletes.OnMay1,2013ColoradotogaycivilunionsOnMay2,2013RhodeIslandlegalizesame-sexmarriageRhodeIslandby56to15bysame-sexmarriagelegalact.Becamethefirsttenstatestoallowgaymarriage.OnMay7,2013Delaware:11statestoallowgaymarriage.OnMay14,2013Minnesota:12statestoallowgaymarriage.OnMay23,2013TheboyscoutsacceptanceofhomosexualityTheboyscoutsofAmericachangedthebanusedmorethan100years,toallowgayboyscouts.OnJune25,2013TheU.S.SupremeCourtdecisionregardingtheproposition8andthedefenseofmarriageactThesearetwolandmarkruling.TheU.S.SupremeCourtruledthatgaycouplesandamatetoenjoythesamefederalbenefits.AlsoknowCaliforniabanninggaymarriagebillislowercourtsabolishedtheSupremeCourt,whichisillegal.OnOctober18,2013NewJersey'shighestcourtruledthatthestateinthesameyearOctober21cansame-sexmarriageOnNovember5,2013Illinoislegalizesame-sexmarriageOnNovember13,2013ThestateofHawaiilegalizesame-sexmarriageOnDecember19,2013NewMexico'sSupremeCourtsupportgaymarriageOnDecember20,2013AfederaljudgeabolishedtheUtahlawbanninggaymarriageOnJanuary6,2014TheSupremeCourttostopthesame-sexmarriageinUtahOnJuly18,2014ColoradostopapprovedgaymarriageOnOctober6,2014ThefederalSupremeCourtappealsixstatesoflimitstogaymarriageOklahoma,indiana,Utah,VirginiaandWisconsin'sappealrequestforalimitofsame-sexmarriagetheSupremeCourt.OnOctober25,2014Sixmorestatesrecognisesame-sexmarriageAlaska,Arizona,Idaho,WestVirginia,northCarolina,andWyomingsame-sexmarriages.OnJanuary16,2015TheSupremeCourtagreedtoruleinwhichstatesgayscangetmarriedBeforetheSupremeCourtagreedtoreview,Michigan,Ohio,Tennessee,andKentuckyappealdecisionaboutsupportbanningsame-sexmarriage.June26,2015TheSupremeCourtruledthatgaymarriageisaeveryonesomepower.June26,2015isdoomedtobeahistoricday.IntheUnitedStatessupremelawxuanruledsame-sexmarriagelegalintheUnitedStates.