口语考试资料-之美文A2

第一篇：OfStudy论学习(FrancisBacon)Studiesservefordelight,forornament,andforability.Theirchiefusefordelight,isinprivatenessandretiring;forornament,isindiscourse;andforability,isinthejudgmentanddispositionofbusiness.　　Forexpertandexecute,andperhapsjudgeofparticulars,onebyone;butthegeneralcounsels,andtheplotsandmarshallingofaffairs,comebestformthosethatarelearned.Tospendtoomuchtimeinstudiesissloth;tousethemtoomuchforornament,isaffectation;tomakejudgmentwhollybytheirrules,isthehumorofascholar.　　Theyperfectnature,andareperfectedbyexperience:fornaturalabilitiesarelikenaturalplants,thatneedproyningbystudy;andstudiesthemselvesdogiveforthdirectionstoomuchatlarge,excepttheybeboundedinbyexperience.　Craftymencontemnstudies,simplemenadmirethem,andwisemenusethem;fortheyteachnottheirownuse;butthatisawisdomwithoutthem,andabovethem,wonbyobservation.　　Readnottocontradictandconfute;nortobelieveandtakeforgranted;nortofindtalkanddiscourse;buttoweighandconsider.　　（从此背起，注意有些单词为古并不是拼写错误）Somebooksaretobetasted,otherstobeswallowed,andsomefewtobechewedanddigested;thatis,somebooksaretobereadonlyinparts;otherstoberead,butnotcuriously;andsomefewtobereadwholly,andwithdiligenceandattention.Somebooksalsomaybereadbydeputy,andextractsmadeofthembyothers;butthatwouldbeonlyinthelessimportantarguments,andthemeanersortofbooks;elsedistilledbooksare,likecommondistilledwaters,flashythings.　Readingmakethafullman；conferenceareadyman;andwritinganexactman.Andtherefore,ifamanwritelittle，hehadneedhaveagreatmemory;ifheconferlittle,hehadneedhaveapresentwit;andifhereadlittle,hehadneedhavemuchcunning,toseemtoknowthathedothnot.　Historiesmakemenwise;poetswitty;themathematicssubtitle;naturalphilosophydeep;moralgrave;logicandrhetoricabletocontend.Abeuntstudiainmorse.（这句译成现代英语就是"Studiespassintoandinfluencemanners".翻译成中文就是凡有所学皆成性格）背诵至此！　Naythereisnostandorimpedimentinthewit,butmaybewroughtoutbyfitstudies:likeasdiseasesofthebodymayhaveappropriateexercises.Bowlingisgoodforthestoneandreins;shootingforthelungsandbreast;gentlewalkingforthestomach;ridingforthehead;andthelike.Soifaman'switbewandering,lethimstudythemathematics;forindemonstrations,ifhiswitbecalledawayneversolittle,hemustbeginagain.Ifhiswitbenotapttodistinguishorfinddifferences,lethimstudytheschoolmen;fortheyarecyminisectores.Ifhebenotapttobeatovermatters,andtocalluponethingtoproveandillustrateanother,lethimstudythelawyers’cases.Soeverydefectofthemindmayhaveaspecialreceipt.论读书　　读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，然纵观统筹、全局策划，则舍好学深思者莫属。读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究故态。读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接；而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。有一技之长者鄙读书，无知者羡读书，唯明智之士用读书，然书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书中，而在书外，全凭观察得之。读书时不可存心诘难作者，不可尽信书上所言，亦不可只为寻章摘句，而应推敲细思。书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。换言之，有只须读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读，读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦。书亦可请人代读，取其所作摘要，但只限材较次或价值不高者，否则书经提炼犹如水经蒸馏、淡而无味矣。　　读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。因此不常作笔记者须记忆特强，不常讨论者须天生聪颖，不常读书者须欺世有术，始能无知而显有知。读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩：凡有所学，皆成性格。人之才智但有滞碍，无不可读适当之书使之顺畅，一如身体百病，皆可借相宜之运动除之。滚球利睾肾，射箭利胸肺，慢步利肠胃，骑术利头脑，诸如此类。如智力不集中，可令读数学，盖演题须全神贯注，稍有分散即须重演；如不能辨异，可令读经院哲学，盖是辈皆吹毛求疵之人；如不善求同，不善以一物阐证另一物，可令读律师之案卷。如此头脑中凡有缺陷，皆有特药可医。（王佐良先生译第第2篇：LettertoaYoungFriend---BenjaminFranklinMydearfriend：IknowofnoMedicinefittodiminishtheviolentnaturalinclinationyoumention;andifIdid,IthinkIshouldnotcommunicateittoyou.MarriageistheproperRemedy.ItisthemostnaturalStateofman,andthereforethestateinwhichyouwillfindsolidHappiness.YourReasonagainstenteringintoitatpresentappearstobenotwellfounded.TheCircumstantialAdvantagesyouhaveinviewbypostponingitarenotonlyuncertain,buttheyaresmallincomparisonwiththeThingitself,thebeingmarriedandsettled.ItistheManandWomanunitedthatmakesthecompletehumanBeing,SeparateshewantshisforceofBodyandStrengthofReason;heherSoftness,SensibilityandacuteDiscernment.TogethertheyaremostlikelytosucceedintheWorld.AsinglemanhasnotnearlythevaluehewouldhaveinthatStateofUnion.HeisanincompleteAnimal.HeresemblestheoddHalfofaPairofScissors.Ifyougetaprudent,healthwife,yourIndustryinyourProfession,withhergoodEconomy,willbeaFortunesufficient.YourAffectionateFriend参考译文给年轻朋友的一封信本杰明·富兰克林我知道没有药物能够消除你们所提到的那种疯狂的自然倾向;即使我知道,我想我也不该告诉你.婚姻是适当的药物。它是人类最本能的状态,因此是一种最幸福的生活状态。你拒绝现在进入婚姻殿堂的理由显的不够充分.你认为推迟婚姻可能存在好处,不仅不一定实现，而且,那些利益跟婚姻本身以及婚后的安定相比起来就微不足道了。男人和女人只有联合起来才能组成完整的人.女人缺乏男人的力量和周密的推理,而男人缺乏女人的温柔、感性和敏锐的洞察力。因此当男人和女人联合起来。就能够无往不胜。单身和离婚生活的男男女女不可能具有婚姻生活中的价值，是一种不完善的动物。他简直好比半把剪刀--孤掌难鸣。如果你拥有一位健康而谨慎的妻子，你的辛勤工作，加上她的勤俭节约，必定会创造充足的财富。您真挚的朋友第3篇：Loveyourlife---HenryDavidThoreau/享利.大卫.梭罗Howevermeanyourlifeis,meetitandliveit;donotshunitandcallithardnames.Itisnotsobadasyouare.Itlookspoorestwhenyouarerichest.Thefault-finderwillfindfaultsinparadise.Loveyourlife,poorasitis.Youmayperhapshavesomepleasant,thrilling,glorioushours,eveninapoor-house.Thesettingsunisreflectedfromthewindowsofthealms-houseasbrightlyasfromtherichman'sabode;thesnowmeltsbeforeitsdoorasearlyinthespring.Idonotseebutaquietmindmayliveascontentedlythere,andhaveascheeringthoughts,asinapalace.Thetown'spoorseemtomeoftentolivethemostindependentlivesofany.Maybetheyaresimplygreatenoughtoreceivewithoutmisgiving.Mostthinkthattheyareabovebeingsupportedbythetown;butitoftenhappensthattheyarenotabovesupportingthemselvesbydishonestmeans.Whichshouldbemoredisreputable.Cultivatepovertylikeagardenherb,likesage.Donottroubleyourselfmuchtogetnewthings,whetherclothesorfriends,Turntheold,returntothem.Thingsdonotchange;wechange.Sellyourclothesandkeepyourthoughts.不论你的生活如何卑贱，你要面对它生活，不要躲避它，更别用恶言咒骂它。它不像你那样坏。你最富有的时候，倒是看似最穷。爱找缺点的人就是到天堂里也能找到缺点。你要爱你的生活，尽管它贫穷。甚至在一个济贫院里，你也还有愉快、高兴、光荣的时候。夕阳反射在济贫院的窗上，像身在富户人家窗上一样光亮；在那门前，积雪同在早春融化。我只看到，一个从容的人，在哪里也像在皇宫中一样，生活得心满意足而富有愉快的思想。城镇中的穷人，我看，倒往往是过着最独立不羁的生活。也许因为他们很伟大，所以受之无愧。大多数人以为他们是超然的，不靠城镇来支援他们；可是事实上他们是往往利用了不正当的手段来对付生活，他们是毫不超脱的，毋宁是不体面的。视贫穷如园中之花而像圣人一样耕植它吧！不要找新的花样，无论是新的朋友或新的衣服，来麻烦你自己。找旧的，回到那里去。万物不变，是我们在变。你的衣服可以卖掉，但要保留你的思想。第4篇：Ihaveadream节选Ihaveadreamthatmyfourlittlechildrenwillonedayliveinanationwheretheywillnotbejudgedbythecoloroftheirskinbutbythecontentoftheircharacter.Ihaveadreamtoday!Ihaveadreamthatoneday,downinAlabama,withitsviciousracists,withitsgovernorhavinghislipsdrippingwiththewordsof"interposition"and"nullification"--onedayrightthereinAlabamalittleblackboysandblackgirlswillbeabletojoinhandswithlittlewhiteboysandwhitegirlsassistersandbrothers.Ihaveadreamtoday!Ihaveadreamthatonedayeveryvalleyshallbeexalted,andeveryhillandmountainshallbemadelow,theroughplaceswillbemadeplain,andthecrookedplaceswillbemadestraight;"andthegloryoftheLordshallberevealedandallfleshshallseeittogether."?Thisisourhope,andthisisthefaiththatIgobacktotheSouthwith.Withthisfaith,wewillbeabletohewoutofthemountainofdespairastoneofhope.Withthisfaith,wewillbeabletotransformthejanglingdiscordsofournationintoabeautifulsymphonyofbrotherhood.Withthisfaith,wewillbeabletoworktogether,topraytogether,tostruggletogether,togotojailtogether,tostandupforfreedomtogether,knowingthatwewillbefreeoneday.（至少背诵到此！余下为全文给大家参考）Andthiswillbetheday--thiswillbethedaywhenallofGod'schildrenwillbeabletosingwithnewmeaning:Mycountry'tisofthee,sweetlandofliberty,oftheeIsing.Landwheremyfathersdied,landofthePilgrim'spride,Fromeverymountainside,letfreedomring!AndifAmericaistobeagreatnation,thismustbecometrue.AndsoletfreedomringfromtheprodigioushilltopsofNewHampshire.LetfreedomringfromthemightymountainsofNewYork.LetfreedomringfromtheheighteningAllegheniesofPennsylvania.Letfreedomringfromthesnow-cappedRockiesofColorado.LetfreedomringfromthecurvaceousslopesofCalifornia.Butnotonlythat:LetfreedomringfromStoneMountainofGeorgia.LetfreedomringfromLookoutMountainofTennessee.LetfreedomringfromeveryhillandmolehillofMississippi.Fromeverymountainside,letfreedomring.Andwhenthishappens,whenweallowfreedomring,whenweletitringfromeveryvillageandeveryhamlet,fromeverystateandeverycity,wewillbeabletospeedupthatdaywhenallofGod'schildren,blackmenandwhitemen,JewsandGentiles,ProtestantsandCatholics,willbeabletojoinhandsandsinginthewordsoftheoldNegrospiritual:Freeatlast!Freeatlast!ThankGodAlmighty,wearefreeatlast!第5篇：Thejoysofwriting---WinstonChurchill丘吉尔Thefortunatepeopleintheworld—theonlyreallyfortunatepeopleintheworld,inmymind,arethosewhoseworkisalsotheirpleasure.Theclassisnotalargeone,notnearlysolargeasitisoftenrepresentedtobe;andauthorsareperhapsoneofthemostimportantelementsinitscomposition.Theyenjoyinthisrespectatleastarealharmonyoflife.Tomymind,tobeabletomakeyourworkyourpleasureistheoneclassdistinctionintheworldworthstrivingfor;andIdonotwonderthatothersareinclinedtoenvythosehappyhumanbeingswhofindtheirlivelihoodinthegayeffusionsoftheirfancy,towhomeveryhouroflaborisanhourofenjoyment,towhomrepose—howevernecessary—isatiresomeinterlude.Andevenaholidayisalmostdeprivation.Whetheramanwriteswellorill,hasmuchtosayorlittle,ifhecaresaboutwritingatall,hewillappreciatethepleasuresofcomposition.Tositatone'stableonasunnymorning,withfourclearhoursofuninterruptiblesecurity,plentyofnicewhitepaper,andaSqueezerpen—thatistruehappiness.Thecompleteabsorptionoftheminduponanagreeableoccupation—whatmoreistherethanthattodesire?Whatdoesitmatterwhathappensoutside？TheHouseofCommonsmaydowhatitlikes,andsomaytheHouseofLords.Theheathenmayragefuriouslyineverypartoftheglobe.ThebottommaybeknockedcleanoutoftheAmericanmarket.Consolesmayfallandsuffragettesmayrise.Nevermind,forfourhours,atanyrate,wewillwithdrawourselvesfromacommon,ill-governed,anddisorderlyworld,andwiththekeyoffancyunlockthatcupboardwhereallthegoodthingsoftheinfiniteareputaway.第6篇：TheAmericans---节选自布拉德福德所著《为什么我们的举止象美国人》Americansareapeculiarpeople.Theyworklikemad,thengiveawaymuchofwhattheyearn.Theyplayuntiltheyareexhausted,andcallthisavacation.Theylivetothinkofthemselvesastough-mindedbusinessmen,yettheyarepush-oversforanyhardluckstory.Theyhavethebiggestofnearlyeverythingincludinggovernment,motorcarsanddebts,yettheyareafraidofbigness.Theyarealwaystryingtochipawayatbiggovernment,bigbusiness,bigunions,biginfluence.Theyliketothinkofthemselvesaslittlepeople,averagemen,andtheywouldliketocuteverythingdowntotheirownsize.Yettheyboastoftheirtallbuildings,highmountains,longrivers,bigstate,thebestcountry,thebestworld,thebestheaven.Theyalsohavethemosttrafficdeaths,themostwaste,themostracketeering.(背诵至少至此，后文给大家参考！)Whentheymeet,theyarealwaystellingeachother,"Takeiteasy,"thentheyrushofflikecrazyinoppositedirections.Theyplaygamesasiftheywerefightingawar,andfightwarsasifplayingagame.Theymarrymore,gobrokemoreoften,andmakemoremoneythananyotherpeople.Theylovechildren,animals,gadgets,mother,work,excitement,noise,nature,televisionshows,comedy,installmentbuying,fastmotion,spectatorsports,theunderdog,theflag,Christmas,jazz,shapelywomenandmuscularmen,classicalrecordings,crowds,comics,cigarettes,warmhousesinwinterandcoolonesinsummer,thickbeefsteaks,coffee,icecream,informaldress,plentyofrunningwater,do-it-yourself,andaworkingweektrimmedtofortyhoursorless.Theycrowdtheirhighwayswithcarswhilecomplainingaboutthetraffic,flocktomoviesandtelevisionwhilegripingaboutthequalityandthecommercials,gotochurchbutdon'tcaremuchforsermons,anddrinktoomuchinthehopeofrelaxing－onlytofindthemselvesstimulatedtoevenbiggerdreams.Thereisofcourse,notypicalAmerican.Butifyouaddedthemalltogetherandthendividedby226000000theywouldlooksomethinglikewhatthischapterhastriedtoportray.美国人是一个与众不同的民族。他们拼命地工作，然后花掉了大量辛苦赚来的钱。他们玩得筋疲力尽，并称之为度假。他们向来把自己想成硬心肠的商人，可是任何不幸的故事都会使他们受骗。几乎所有最大的东西他们都有：政府，汽车和债务，可他们害怕庞大。所以他们总是要想办法除去大的政府，大的买卖，大的团体，大的影响力。他们愿意把自己看成是小人物，平平常常的人，喜欢一切都是平等的。他们吹嘘自己的高楼大厦，高山，大河，吹嘘自己是大国，是最好的国家，是最好的世界，最好的天堂。同时，他们的车祸最多，浪费最多，骗子也最多。美国人一见面就对彼此说：“放轻松点，”然后就向相反的方向狂奔。他们做游戏象打仗一样，打起仗来象做游戏。跟任何人相比，他们结婚次数更多，离婚的频率更高，赚的钱更多。他们爱孩子，爱动物，爱小玩艺，爱母亲，爱工作，爱激动，爱吵吵嚷嚷，爱大自然，爱看电视节目，爱看喜剧，买东西喜欢分期付款，喜欢快节奏，爱买票看体育比赛，同情弱者，热爱国旗，爱过圣诞节，听爵士乐，爱看身材好的女子和肌肉发达的男人，爱收藏经典唱片，爱凑热闹，看连环画，抽烟，喜欢房子冬暖夏凉，爱吃切得厚厚的牛排，爱喝咖啡，吃冰淇淋，穿着随便，喜欢自来水一直淌着，一切自己动手，一周工作时间限制在40小时以内。当然没有典型的美国人。但是如果你把他们加在一起，然后用226000000来除，他们的样子就象这一章要描述的。第7篇：AdvicetoYouth---byMarkTwain(马克吐温)　　BeingtoldIwouldbeexpectedtotalkhere,IinquiredwhatsortoftalkIoughttomake.Theysaiditshouldbesomethingsuitabletoyouth-somethingdidactic,instructive,orsomethinginthenatureofgoodadvice.Verywell.IhaveafewthingsinmymindwhichIhaveoftenlongedtosayfortheinstructionoftheyoung;foritisinone’stenderearlyyearsthatsuchthingswillbesttakerootandbemostenduringandmostvaluable.First,then.Iwillsaytoyoumyyoungfriends—andIsayitbeseechingly,urgently—　　（从这里背起）Alwaysobeyyourparents,whentheyarepresent.Thisisthebestpolicyinthelongrun,becauseifyoudon’t,theywillmakeyou.Mostparentsthinktheyknowbetterthanyoudo,andyoucangenerallymakemorebyhumoringthatsuperstitionthanyoucanbyactingonyourownbetterjudgment.　　Berespectfultoyoursuperiors,ifyouhaveany,alsotostrangers,andsometimestoothers.Ifapersonoffendsyouandyouareindoubtastowhetheritwasintentionalornot,donotresorttoextrememeasures;simplywatchyourchanceandhithimwithabrick.Thatwillbesufficient.Ifyoushallfindthathehadnotintendedanyoffense,comeoutfranklyandconfessyourselfinthewrongwhenyoustruckhim;acknowledgeitlikeamanandsayyoudidn’tmeanto.Yes,alwaysavoidviolence;inthisageofcharityandkindliness,thetimehasgonebyforsuchthings.Leavedynamitetothelowandunrefined.Gotobedearly,getupearly-thisiswise.Someauthoritiessaygetupwiththesun;somesaygetupwithonething,otherswithanother.Butalarkisreallythebestthingtogetupwith.Itgivesyouasplendidreputationwitheverybodytoknowthatyougetupwiththelark;andifyougettherightkindoflark,andworkathimright,youcaneasilytrainhimtogetupathalfpastnine,everytime—it’snotrickatall.（注意选择诗歌的同学请背诵第九和第十篇两首）第8篇：ARed,RedRose---ByRobertBurns（此为古诗歌彭斯的“我的爱是一朵红红的玫瑰”，注意发音的，可到网上去听原文录音）OMyluve（古英语love）’slikeared,redrose，That’snewlysprunginJune；Omyluve’slikethemelodie，That’ssweetlyplay’dintune．Asfairartthou,mybonnielass,SodeepinluveamI；AndIwillluvetheestill,mydear,Tilla’theseasgangdry．Tilla’theseasgangdry,mydear,Andtherocksmeltthesun；Iwillluvetheestill,mydear,Whilethesandso’lifeshallrun．Andfaretheeweel,myonlyluve,Andfaretheeweelawhile!AndIwillcomeagain,myluve,Tho’itweretenthousandmile!第9篇：此为诗歌：SpringSong--ByWilliamBlakeSpringiscoming,springiscoming,Birdies,buildyournest;Weavetogetherstrawandfeather,Doingeachyourbest.Springiscoming,springiscoming,Flowersarecomingtoo:Pansies,lilies,daffodillies,NowarecomingthoughtSpringiscoming,springiscoming,Allaroundisfair,Shimmerandquiverontheriver,Joyiseverywhere.译文：春之颂春天来了，春天来了，小鸟儿，把你的巢筑好；每一只都尽心又尽力，用稻草和羽毛编好巢。春天来了，春天来了，千万朵花儿正绽放：紫罗兰、百合花、水仙花，一朵一朵笑弯了腰。春天来了，春天来了，春光明媚处处美。河面上微波在荡漾，山河处处喜洋洋。——威廉姆·布雷克