中英对照——
《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第5版目录
美国精神病学会编,邓明昱博士译
English and Chinese ——the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), Classification
American Psychiatric Association
Translator: Dr. Mingyu Deng
《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第 5版(DSM-5)已于 2013年 5月 18日由美国精神病协会(APA)在
美国正式出版,此本书的特点在于对某些精神疾病提高其“诊断特异性”
(也就是诊断准严格要求
排除真正没有精神疾病的人)且降低其“诊断敏感性”(亦即某些可能有精神疾患前驱症状不再被确诊为
“疾患”)。除此之外,DSM-5尝试使用光谱系统(Spectrum),疾患将不再只是“类别分类”。
为了帮助中国精神科医师、心理师和其他教学科研人员能够大致了解 DSM-5,本人将其目录翻译成
中文,供大家参考。也请有关同仁指正。
Preface 前言
Section I: DSM-5 Basics
Introduction
Use of the Manual
Cautionary Statement for Forensic Use of DSM-5
第一节:DSM-5基础
介绍
手册的使用
法医使用 DSM-5的警示声明
Section II: Diagnostic Criteria and Codes
Intellectual Disabilities
Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Intellectual Disability (Intellectual Developmental
Disorder)
Global Developmental Delay
Unspecified Intellectual Disability (Intellectual
Developmental Disorder)
Communication Disorders
Language Disorder
Speech Sound Disorder (previously Phonological
Disorder)
Childhood-Onset Fluency Disorder (Stuttering)
Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder
第二节:基本要素:诊断标准和代码
智力发展障碍
神经发育障碍
智力残疾(智力发育障碍)
整体发展迟缓
未说明智力发展障碍
交流性障碍
语言性障碍
谈话性语音障碍(以前的口吃障碍)
儿童期发病的流畅性障碍(口吃)
社会(应用)交流性障碍
Unspecified Communication Disorder
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Other Specified Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Unspecified Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Specific Learning Disorder
Specific Learning Disorder
Motor Disorders
Developmental Coordination Disorder
Stereotypic Movement Disorder
Tic Disorders
Tourette’s Disorder
Persistent (Chronic) Motor or Vocal Tic Disorder
Provisional Tic Disorder
Other Specified Tic Disorder
Unspecified Tic Disorder
Other Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Other Specified Neurodevelopmental Disorder
Unspecified Neurodevelopmental Disorder
Schizotypal (Personality) Disorder
Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic
Disorders
Delusional Disorder
Brief Psychotic Disorder
Schizophreniform Disorder
Schizophrenia
Schizoaffective Disorder
Substance/Medication-Induced Psychotic Disorder
Psychotic Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition
Catatonia
Catatonia Associated With Another Mental Disorder
(Catatonia Specifier)
Catatonic Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition
Unspecified Catatonia
Other Specified Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other
未特定的交流性障碍
自闭症谱系障碍
自闭症谱系障碍
注意缺陷/多动障碍
注意缺陷/多动障碍
其他特定的注意缺陷/多动障碍
未特定的注意缺陷/多动障碍
特殊学习障碍
特殊学习障碍
运动障碍
发展性协调障碍
刻板性运动障碍
抽动障碍
面肌和声带抽动障碍
持久(慢性)运动或发声抽动障碍
一过性抽动障碍
其他特定的抽动障碍
未特定的抽动障碍
其他神经发育障碍
其他特定的神经发育障碍
未特定的神经发育障碍
精神分裂症谱系和其他精神病性障碍
分裂型(人格)障碍
妄想性障碍
短暂的精神病性障碍
分裂样障碍
精神分裂症
情感性分裂障碍
物质/药物引起精神障碍
由于其他医疗条件所致的精神障碍
紧张症
紧张症并其他精神障碍(紧张症详细说明)
由于其他医疗条件所致的紧张性障碍
未特定的紧张症
其他特定的精神分裂症谱系和其他精神病性
Psychotic Disorder
Unspecified Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic
Disorder
Bipolar I Disorder
Bipolar and Related Disorders
Bipolar II Disorder
Cyclothymic Disorder
Substance/Medication-Induced Bipolar and Related
Disorder
Bipolar and Related Disorder Due to Another Medical
Condition
Other Specified Bipolar and Related Disorder
Unspecified Bipolar and Related Disorder
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
Depressive Disorders
Major Depressive Disorder, Single and Recurrent Episodes
Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia)
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
Substance/Medication-Induced Depressive Disorder
Depressive Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition
Other Specified Depressive Disorder
Unspecified Depressive Disorder
Separation Anxiety Disorder
Anxiety Disorders
Selective Mutism
Specific Phobia
Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia)
Panic Disorder
Panic Attack (Specifier)
Agoraphobia
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Substance/Medication-Induced Anxiety Disorder
Anxiety Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition
Other Specified Anxiety Disorder
Unspecified Anxiety Disorder
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Body Dysmorphic Disorder
Hoarding Disorder
Trichotillomania (Hair-Pulling Disorder)
障碍
未特定的精神分裂症谱系和其他精神病性障
碍
第一型双相障碍
双相及相关障碍
第二型双相障碍
环性情感性障碍
物质/药物引起的双相及相关障碍
由于其他医疗条件所致的双相及相关障碍
其他特定的双相及相关障碍
未特定的双相及相关障碍
破坏性情绪失调障碍
抑郁障碍
重度抑郁障碍,单次和反复发作
持久性抑郁障碍(心境)
经前苦恼障碍
物质/药物引起的抑郁障碍
由于其他医疗条件所致的抑郁障碍
其他特定的抑郁障碍
未特定的抑郁障碍
分离性焦虑障碍
焦虑障碍
选择性缄默症
特定的恐怖症
社交焦虑障碍(社交恐怖症)
恐慌障碍
惊恐发作(详细说明)
广场恐怖症
广泛性焦虑障碍
物质/药物诱发的焦虑障碍
由于其他医疗条件所致的焦虑障碍
其他特定的焦虑障碍
未特定的焦虑障碍
强迫性障碍
强迫及相关障碍
躯体变形障碍
囤积障碍
拔毛症(拔头发障碍)
Excoriation (Skin-Picking) Disorder
Substance/Medication-Induced Obsessive-Compulsive and
Related Disorder
Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorder Due to
Another Medical Condition
Other Specified Obsessive-Compulsive and Related
Disorder
Unspecified Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorder
Reactive Attachment Disorder
Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders
Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Acute Stress Disorder
Adjustment Disorders
Other Specified Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorder
Unspecified Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorder
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Dissociative Disorders
Dissociative Amnesia
Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder
Other Specified Dissociative Disorder
Unspecified Dissociative Disorder
Somatic Symptom Disorder
Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders
Illness Anxiety Disorder
Conversion Disorder (Functional Neurological Symptom
Disorder)
Psychological Factors Affecting Other Medical Conditions
Factitious Disorder
Other Specified Somatic Symptom and Related Disorder
Unspecified Somatic Symptom and Related Disorder
Pica
Feeding and Eating Disorders
Rumination Disorder
Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder
Anorexia Nervosa
Bulimia Nervosa
Binge-Eating Disorder
Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorder
Unspecified Feeding or Eating Disorder
剥皮(皮肤采摘)障碍
物质/药物引起的强迫及相关障碍
由于其他医疗条件所致的强迫及相关障碍
其他特定的强迫和相关障碍
未特定的强迫和相关障碍
反应性依恋障碍
创伤和应激相关的障碍
去抑制性社会参与障碍
创伤后应激障碍
急性应激障碍
适应障碍
其他特定的创伤和应激相关障碍
未特定的创伤和应激相关障碍
分离性身份障碍
分离性障碍
分离性遗忘症
人格解体/失实障碍
其他特定的分离性障碍
未特定的分离性障碍
躯体性症状障碍
躯体症状及相关障碍
疾患焦虑障碍
转换性障碍(功能神经性症状障碍)
心理因素影响的其他医学状况
人为障碍
其他特定的躯体症状和相关的障碍
未特定的躯体症状和相关的障碍
异食症
喂食与饮食障碍
反刍障碍
回避/限制食物摄入量障碍
神经性厌食症
暴食症
暴饮暴食障碍
其他特定的喂食和饮食失调症
未特定的喂食和饮食失调症
Enuresis
Elimination Disorders
Encopresis
Other Specified Elimination Disorder
Unspecified Elimination Disorder
Insomnia Disorder
Sleep-Wake Disorders
Hypersomnolence Disorder
Narcolepsy
Breathing-Related Sleep Disorders
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea
Central Sleep Apnea
Sleep-Related Hypoventilation
Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders
Parasomnias
Non–Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Arousal Disorders
Sleepwalking
Sleep Terrors
Nightmare Disorder
Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder
Restless Legs Syndrome
Substance/Medication-Induced Sleep Disorder
Other Specified Insomnia Disorder
Unspecified Insomnia Disorder
Other Specified Hypersomnolence Disorder
Unspecified Hypersomnolence Disorder
Other Specified Sleep-Wake Disorder
Unspecified Sleep-Wake Disorder
Delayed Ejaculation
Sexual Dysfunctions
Erectile Disorder
Female Orgasmic Disorder
Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder
Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder
Male Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder
Premature (Early) Ejaculation
Substance/Medication-Induced Sexual Dysfunction
夜尿
排泄障碍
大便失禁
其他特定的排泄障碍
未特定的排泄障碍
失眠障碍
睡眠-觉醒障碍
嗜睡障碍
发作性嗜睡症
与呼吸相关的睡眠障碍
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气症
中央性睡眠呼吸暂停症
睡眠相关的通气不足
昼夜节律睡眠觉醒障碍
异睡症
非快速眼动睡眠觉醒障碍
梦游症
夜惊症
梦魇障碍
快速眼动睡眠行为障碍
多动腿综合征
物质/药物诱导睡眠的障碍
其他特定的失眠障碍
未特定的失眠障碍
其他特定嗜睡障碍
未特定的嗜睡障碍
其他特定的睡眠-觉醒障碍
未特定的睡眠-觉醒障碍
延迟射精
性功能障碍
勃起功能障碍
女性性高潮障碍
女性性趣/性欲障碍
生殖器-盆腔的疼痛/侵入障碍
男性性欲减退障碍
早泄
物质/药物引起的性功能障碍
Other Specified Sexual Dysfunction
Unspecified Sexual Dysfunction
Gender Dysphoria
Gender Dysphoria
Other Specified Gender Dysphoria
Unspecified Gender Dysphoria
Oppositional Defiant Disorder
Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorders
Intermittent Explosive Disorder
Conduct Disorder
Antisocial Personality Disorder
Pyromania
Kleptomania
Other Specified Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct
Disorder
Unspecified Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct
Disorder
Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders
Substance-Related Disorders
Substance Use Disorders
Substance-Induced Disorders
Substance Intoxication and Withdrawal
Substance/Medication-Induced Mental Disorders
Alcohol-Related Disorders
Alcohol Use Disorder
Alcohol Intoxication
Alcohol Withdrawal
Other Alcohol-Induced Disorders
Unspecified Alcohol-Related Disorder
Caffeine-Related Disorders
Caffeine Intoxication
Caffeine Withdrawal
Other Caffeine-Induced Disorders
Unspecified Caffeine-Related Disorder
Cannabis-Related Disorders
Cannabis Use Disorder
Cannabis Intoxication
其他特定的性功能障碍
未特定的性功能障碍
性別苦恼症
性别苦恼症
其他特定的性别苦恼症
未特定的性別苦恼症
对立违抗性障碍
破坏性的,冲动控制和行为障碍
间歇性爆发性障碍
品行障碍
反社会人格障碍
纵火症
盗窃症
其他特定的破坏性,冲动控制和行为障碍
未特定的破坏性,冲动控制和行为障碍
物质相关和成瘾性障碍
物质相关性障碍
使用物质所致的障碍
物质诱发性障碍
物质中毒和戒断
物质/药物诱发的心理障碍
酒精相关障碍
饮酒障碍
酒精中毒
酒精戒断
其他酒精诱发的障碍
未特定的酒精相关障碍
咖啡因相关障碍
咖啡因中毒
咖啡因戒断
其他咖啡因诱发的障碍
未特定的咖啡因相关障碍
大麻相关障碍
吸食大麻障碍
大麻中毒
Cannabis Withdrawal
Other Cannabis-Induced Disorders
Unspecified Cannabis-Related Disorder
Hallucinogen-Related Disorders
Phencyclidine Use Disorder
Other Hallucinogen Use Disorder
Phencyclidine Intoxication
Other Hallucinogen Intoxication
Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder
Other Phencyclidine-Induced Disorders
Other Hallucinogen-Induced Disorders
Unspecified Phencyclidine-Related Disorder
Unspecified Hallucinogen-Related Disorder
Inhalant-Related Disorders
Inhalant Use Disorder
Inhalant Intoxication
Other Inhalant-Induced Disorders
Unspecified Inhalant-Related Disorder
Opioid-Related Disorders
Opioid Use Disorder
Opioid Intoxication
Opioid Withdrawal
Other Opioid-Induced Disorders
Unspecified Opioid-Related Disorder
Sedative-, Hypnotic-, or Anxiolytic-Related Disorders
Sedative, Hypnotic, or Anxiolytic Use Disorder
Sedative, Hypnotic, or Anxiolytic Intoxication
Sedative, Hypnotic, or Anxiolytic Withdrawal
Other Sedative-, Hypnotic-, or Anxiolytic-Induced
Disorders
Unspecified Sedative-, Hypnotic-, or Anxiolytic
-Related Disorder
Stimulant-Related Disorders
Stimulant Use Disorder
Stimulant Intoxication
Stimulant Withdrawal
Other Stimulant-Induced Disorders
Unspecified Stimulant-Related Disorder
大麻戒断
其他大麻诱发的障碍
未特定的大麻相关障碍
致幻剂相关障碍
使用苯环己哌啶所致的障碍
使用其他致幻剂所致的障碍
苯环己哌啶中毒
其他致幻剂中毒
致幻剂引起的持久性知觉障碍
其他苯环己哌啶诱发的障碍
其他致幻剂诱发的障碍
未特定的苯环己哌啶相关障碍
未特定的致幻剂相关障碍
吸入性药物相关障碍
使用吸入性药物所致的障碍
吸入性药物中毒
其他吸入性药物诱发的障碍
未特定的吸入性药物相关障碍
阿片类物质相关障碍
使用阿片类物质所致的障碍
阿片类物质中毒
阿片类物质戒断
其他阿片类物质诱发的障碍
未特定的阿片类物质相关障碍
镇静、催眠、或抗焦虑药物相关障碍
使用镇静、催眠、或抗焦虑药物所致障碍
镇静、催眠、或抗焦虑药物中毒
镇静、催眠、或抗焦虑药物戒断
其他镇静、催眠、或抗焦虑药物诱发的障碍
未特定的镇静、催眠、或抗焦虑药物相关障
碍
兴奋剂相关障碍
使用兴奋剂所致的障碍
兴奋剂中毒
兴奋剂戒断
其他兴奋剂诱发的障碍
未特定的兴奋剂相关障碍
Tobacco-Related Disorders
Tobacco Use Disorder
Tobacco Withdrawal
Other Tobacco-Induced Disorders
Unspecified Tobacco-Related Disorder
Other (or Unknown) Substance–Related Disorders
Other (or Unknown) Substance Use Disorder
Other (or Unknown) Substance Intoxication
Other (or Unknown) Substance Withdrawal
Other (or Unknown) Substance–Induced Disorders
Unspecified Other (or Unknown) Substance– Related
Disorder
Non-Substance-Related Disorders
Gambling Disorder
Delirium
Neurocognitive Disorders
Other Specified Delirium
Unspecified Delirium
Major and Mild Neurocognitive Disorders
Major Neurocognitive Disorder
Mild Neurocognitive Disorder
Major or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder Due to
Alzheimer’s Disease
Major or Mild Frontotemporal Neurocognitive Disorder
Major or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder With Lewy Bodies
Major or Mild Vascular Neurocognitive Disorder
Major or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder Due to Traumatic
Brain Injury
Substance/Medication-Induced Major or Mild
Neurocognitive Disorder
Major or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder Due to HIV
Infection
Major or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder Due to Prion
Disease
Major or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder Due to
Parkinson’s Disease
Major or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder Due to
Huntington’s Disease
Major or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder Due to Another
Medical Condition
烟草相关障碍
使用烟草所致的障碍
烟草戒断
其他烟草诱发的障碍
未特定的烟草相关障碍
其他(或未知)的物质相关障碍
使用其他(或未知)物质所致的障碍
其他(或未知)的物质中毒
其他(或未知)的物质戒断
其他(或未知)的物质诱发的障碍
未特定的其他(或未知)的物质相关障碍
非物质的相关障碍
赌博障碍
谵妄
神经认知障碍
其他特定的谵妄
未特定的谵妄
重度和轻度的神经认知障碍
重度的神经认知障碍
轻度的神经认知障碍
由于阿尔茨海默氏病导致的重度或轻度的神
经认知障碍
重度或轻度的额颞叶神经认知障碍
重度或轻度的路易氏体型神经认知障碍
重度或轻度血管性神经认知障碍
由于脑损伤导致的重度或轻度的神经认知障
碍
物质/药物诱发的重度或轻度神经认知障碍
由于艾滋病毒 HIV 感染导致的重度或轻度神
经认知障碍
由于朊病毒病导致的重度或轻度神经认知障
碍
由于帕金森氏病导致的重度或轻度神经认知
障碍
由于亨廷顿氏病导致的重度或轻度神经认知
障碍
由于其他医疗条件导致的重度或轻度神经认
知障碍
Major or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder Due to Multiple
Etiologies
Unspecified Neurocognitive Disorder
General Personality Disorder
Personality Disorders
Cluster A Personality Disorders
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Schizoid Personality Disorder
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
Cluster B Personality Disorders
Antisocial Personality Disorder
Borderline Personality Disorder
Histrionic Personality Disorder
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Cluster C Personality Disorders
Avoidant Personality Disorder
Dependent Personality Disorder
Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder
Other Personality Disorders
Personality Change Due to Another Medical Condition
Other Specified Personality Disorder
Unspecified Personality Disorder
Voyeuristic Disorder
Paraphilic Disorders
Exhibitionistic Disorder
Frotteuristic Disorder
Sexual Masochism Disorder
Sexual Sadism Disorder
Pedophilic Disorder
Fetishistic Disorder
Transvestic Disorder
Other Specified Paraphilic Disorder
Unspecified Paraphilic Disorder
Other Specified Mental Disorder Due to Another Medical
Condition
Other Mental Disorders
Unspecified Mental Disorder Due to Another Medical
由于多种病因导致的重度或轻度神经认知障
碍
未特定的神经认知障碍
一般的人格障碍
人格障碍
人格障碍 A群
偏执型人格障碍
分裂样人格障碍
分裂型人格障碍
人格障碍 B群
反社会型人格障碍
边缘型人格障碍
演型人格障碍
自恋型人格障碍
人格障碍 C群
回避型人格障碍
依赖型人格障碍
强迫性人格障碍
其他人格障碍
由于其他医疗条件所致的人格障碍
其他特定人格障碍
未特定的人格障碍
窥淫障碍
性偏好异常症
露阴障碍
摩擦障碍
性受虐障碍
性施虐障碍
恋童障碍
恋物障碍
异性装扮障碍
其他指定的性偏好异常症
未指定的性偏好异常症
由其他医疗条件所致的其他特定的心理障碍
其他心理障碍
由其他医疗条件所致的未特定的心理障碍
Condition
Other Specified Mental Disorder
Unspecified Mental Disorder
Medication-Induced Movement Disorders and Other
Adverse Effects of Medication
Other Conditions That May Be a Focus of Clinical
Attention
其他特定的心理障碍
未特定的心理障碍
药物诱发的运动障碍及其它药物的不良反应
其他情况,可能成为临床关注的焦点
Section III: Emerging Measures and Models
Cross-Cutting Symptom Measures
Assessment Measures
DSM-5 Self-Rated Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptom
Measure—Adult
Parent/Guardian-Rated DSM-5 Level 1 Cross- Cutting
Symptom Measure—Child Age 6–17
Clinician-Rated Dimensions of Psychosis Symptom
Severity
World Health Organization Disability Assessment
Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0)
Cultural Formulation Interview (CFI)
Cultural Formulation
Cultural Formulation Interview (CFI)—Informant Version
Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders
Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome
Conditions for Further Study
Depressive Episodes With Short-Duration Hypomania
Persistent Complex Bereavement Disorder
Caffeine Use Disorder
Internet Gaming Disorder
Neurobehavioral Disorder Associated With Prenatal
Alcohol Exposure
Suicidal Behavior Disorder
Nonsuicidal Self-Injury
第三节 新兴的测量方法与模式
横截面测量
评估测量
DSM-5自测水平1,横截面测量—成人
父母/监护人测查DSM-5水平1,横截面测
量—6-17岁儿童
临床医生测查精神病症状的严重程度
世界卫生组织的残疾评估表2.0
文化构想晤谈
文化构想
文化构想晤谈——被调查者版本
DSM-5关于人格障碍的替代模式
弱型精神病综合征
进一步研究的疾患
抑郁发作并短时轻躁狂
持久复杂的居丧障碍
咖啡因导致的障碍
网络游戏障碍
与神经行为障碍相关的胎儿酒精综合征
自杀行为障碍
非自杀性自我伤害
Appendix 附录