CIE_13.3-1995光源显色性的测量方法和规定

~ ~~ ~ - CIE 13-3 95 9006345 0000062 049 ISBN 3 900 734 57 7 COMMISSION INTERNATIONALE DE L'ÉCLAIRAGE INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON ILLUMINATION INTERNATIONALE BELEUCHTUNGSKOMM ISSION Method of Measuring and Specifying Colour Rendering Properties of Light Sources CIE 13.3-1995 UDC: 628.938 Descriptor: Influence of the colour of the light 628.97 628.981 Evaluation of light sources Lighting with respect to object illuminated COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services CIE 13.3 95 9006145 00000b3 T85 CIE 13.3 - 1995 This Technical Report has been prepared by CIE Division 1 Vision and Colout and has been approved by the Board of Administration of the Commission Internationale de I'Eclairage for study and application. The document is an in its technical content unchanged, editorially updated version of CIE 13.2-1974, it reports on current knowledge and experience within the specific field of light and lighting described, and is intended to be used by the CIE membership and other interested parties. It should be noted, however, that the status of this document is advisory and not mandatory. The latest CIE proceedings or CIE NEWS should be consulted regarding possible subsequent amendments. Ce rapport technique a été préparé par la Division I Vision et couleur' et a été approuvé par le Bureau d'Administration de la Commission Internationale de I'Eclairage, pour etude et application. Le document est une edition éditorialement nouvelle, mais inchangée dans son contenu, de CIE 13.2- 1974, traite des connaissances courantes et de l'expérience dans le domaine spécifique indiqué de la lumière et de l'éclairage, et il est établi pour l'usage des membres de la CIE et autres groupements intéressés. II faut cependant noter que ce document est indicatif et non obligatoire. Pour connaitre d'éventuels amendements, consulter les plus récents comptes rendus de la CIE ou le CIE NEWS. Dieser Technische Bericht ist von der Division der CIE '1 Sehen und Farbe' ausgearbeitet und vom Vorstand der Commission Internationale de I'Eclairage gebilligt worden. Das Dokument ist eine in seinem technischen Inhalt unveränderte, nur editorisch überarbeitete Neuausgabe der Empfehlung CIE 13.2-1974, es berichtet über den derzeitigen Stand des Wissens und Erfahrung in dem behandelten Gebiet von Licht und Beleuchtung; es ist zur Verwendung durch CIE-Mitglieder und durch andere Interessierte bestimmt. Es sollte jedoch beachtet werden, daß das Dokument eine Empfehlung und keine Vorschrift ist. Die neuesten CIE-Tagungsberichte oder das CIE NEWS sollten im Hinblick auf mögliche spätere hderungen zu Rate gezogen werden. Any mention of organisations or products does not imply endorsement by the CIE. Whilst evev care has been taken in the compilation of any lists, up to the time of going to press, these may not be comprehensive. Toute mention d'organisme ou de produit n'implique pas une préférence de la CIE. Malgré le soin apporté à la compilation de tous les documents jusqu'à la mise sous presse, ce travail ne saurait &re exhaustif. Die Erwähnung von Organisationen oder Erzeugnissen bedeutet keine Billigung durch die CIE. Obgleich große Sorgfalt bei der Erstellung von Verzeichnissen bis zum Zeitpunkt der Drucklegung angewendet wurde, ist es möglich, daß diese nicht vollständig sind. O CIE 1995 II COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services ~~ ~~~ ~ CIE 13.3 95 E 90063115 00000611 911 m CIE 13.3 - 1995 FOREWORD This Technical Report is based on CIE 13.2-i974, misprints of the original publication have been corrected, the tables and terminology have been updated. Two software programs are now also available at the CIE Central Bureau (disk CIE 0008), enabling the calculation of the colour rendering indices by a personal computer. Credit for the content of the publication is however due to its original authors, as stated in CIE 13.2- 1974: President: Secretary: Experts: Munch, W Richter, M Azuma, T Barthés, E Einhorn, HD Halstead, M Jerome, CW Kerf, J de Krtil, J Ouweltjes, JL Siljeholm, G(Q 1970) Correspondants: Agustsson, D Airola, A Bruckmüller, O Buchmann, €3 Fuentes, A Mäder, F Matveev, AB Petrovic, Z Robertson, AR Röed, J Sanchez, A Shaw, JE Somkuti, A Stanioch, W Tchetchik, A Vandoni, C Vlatchkov, P Germany Germany Japan France South Africa Great Britain USA Belgium Czechoslovakia Netherlands Sweden Island Finland Austria Denmark Chile Switzerland USSR Yougoslavia Canada Norway Spain Australia Hungary Poland Israel Bulgaria Italy Updating and editing of the present edition was done by: Walter, W USA Sylveszer, P Hungary Schanda, J CIE Central Bureau COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services CIE 13.3 - 1995 CONTENTS FOREWORD TABLE OF CONTENTS Summary Résumé Zusammenfassung 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Introduction Purpose Scope Rating Rating procedure 5.1 General remarks 5.2 Reference illuminant 5.3 Tolerances for reference illuminant 5.4 Testcolour samples 5.5 Determination of CIE 1931 tristimulus values of test-colour samples 5.6 Transformation into CIE 1960 UCS co-ordinates 5.7 Consideration of adaptive colour shift 5.8 Transformation into 1964 Uniform Space co-ordinates 5.9 Determination of the resultant colour shift Calculation of Colour Rendering Indices 6.1 Designation of Colour Rendering Index 6.2 Calculation of Special Colour Rendering Indices 6.3 Calculation of the General Colour Rendering Index Explanatory comments 7. I Meaning of the Colour Rendering Indices 7.2 Uncertainties in the determination of R 7.3 Influences of test conditions 7.4 Just perceptible differences in terms of R 7.5 Interchangeability of lamps with regard to their colour rendering properties TABLES Table I Spectral radiance factor bi(l) of CIE-1974 tectcolour samples Nos. 1...8 Table 2 Spectral radiance factor bi(l) of CIE -1974 test-cdour samples Nos. 9... 14 Bibliography Appendix 1. Terminology Appendix 2. CIE Disk 0008. Computer program to calculate CRIS 111 IV V V V 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 10 I O 12 14 15 16 IV COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services CIE 13.3 - 1995 SUMMARY Method of Measuring and Specifying Colour Rendering Properties of Light Sources The CIE recommended in 1965 the procedure of measuring and specifying colour rendering properties of light sources, based on a test colour sample method. This method was updated in i974 taking the chromatic adaptation shift into account. During the past 20 years several misprints were observed and corrected reprints were published from time to time. CIE 13.3 - 1995 is the corrected version of 13.2 - 1974 that has been brought up to date to present spectroradiometric and calculation practice. The technical recommendations have not been changed, Two computer programs to calculate the CIE colour rendering indices according to the present publication are available for “DOS-computers to be run in a DOS or in an “MS-WINDOWS environment as CIE D008. This Technical Report establishes the CIE recommended method of measuring and specifying colour rendering properties of light sources based on resultant colour shifts of test objects, referred to as the “Test-colour Method”. It is the fundamental method for appraisal of colour rendering properties of light sources, and is recommended for type testing as well as for testing individual lamps. This specification applies to most general purpose illuminants (e.g. tungsten filament lamps, tubular Ruorescent lamps, and all other kinds of gaseous discharge electrical lamps except sources of predominantly monochromatic radiation such as low pressure sodium, etc.). This method may also be applied to modified daylight. The rating consists of a General Colour Rendering Index which may be supplemented by a set of Special Colour Rendering Indices The derivation of the Special Colour Rendering Indices is based on a general comparison of the length of colour difference vectors in the CIE 1964 Uniform Space. To apply the recommended Test-Colour Method the resultant colour shifts for suitably chosen test- colour samples must be calculated. A set of eight test-colour samples is specified by their spectral radiance factors for calculating the General Colour Rendering Index. These samples cover the hue circle, are moderate in saturation, and are approximately the same in lightness. Data for six additional test-colour samples representing a strong red, yellow, green and blue as well as representing complexion and foliage colours are also supplied. From the colour shifts Colour Rendering Indices may be found. RESUME Méthode de mesure et de spécification des qualités de rendu des couleurs des sources de lumière La CIE a recommandé en i965 la méthode de mesure et de spécification des qualités de rendu des couleurs par les sources de lumière, basée sur la méthode des couleurs-tests. Cette méthode a été mise à jour en A974, en tenant compte de la distorsion de couleur pour l’adaptation. Pendant les dernières 20 années, plusieurs fautes d’impression ont été observées, et des reproductions corrigées ont été publiées de temps en temps. CIE 13.3-1995 est la version corrigée de 13.2-1974, qui a été mise à jour pour tenir compte de la pratique actuelle de spectroradiométrie et de calculation. Les recommendations techniques n’ont pas été changées. Deux programmes d‘ordinateur (CIE 0008) pour calculer les indices de rendu des couleurs CIE conformément à la publication présente sont disponibles pour utilisation sur ordinateurs ”DOS” sous Ce rapport technique décrit ia méthode recommandée par la CIE pour mesurer et spécifier les qualités de rendu des couleurs des sources de lumière. Elle est basée sur les distorsions totales de la couleur des objets-tests, et est appelée en abrégé “Méthode des couleurs-tests“. Cette méthode est la méthode fondamentale pour l’appréciation des qualités de rendu des couleurs des sources de lumiere, elle est recommandée aussi bien pour l’étude d‘un type de lampe, que pour l’examen d’une lampe particulière. Cette recommendation s’applique aux sources de lumiere d’emploi général (P.e., lampes a filament de tungstène, lampes fluorescentes tubulaires, aussi bien qu’aux autres sortes de lampes étectriques à décharge dans les gaz, excepté les sources de rayonnement essentiellement monochromatique, telles que les lampes à vapeur de sodium basse pression, etc.). Elle s’applique également à la lumière du jour modifiée artificiellement. DOS OU “MS-WINDOWS”. v COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services ~ ~ CIE 13.3 95 Is 9006145 O000067 620 CIE 13.3 - 1995 II est recommandé d'évaluer au moyen d'un Indice Général de Rendu des Couleurs complété par un groupe d'Indices Particuliers de Rendu des Couleurs. La détermination des Indices Particuliers de Rendu des Couleurs repose sur la comparaison des longueurs des droites représentant les différences de couleur dans l'Espace Chromatique Uniforme CIE 1964. Pour appliquer la méthode des couleurs-tests, on doit calculer les distorsions totales de la couleur de couleurs-tests convenablement choisis. Un groupe de huit couleurs-tests est spécifié par les facteurs spectraux de fuminance énergétique pour calculer l'Indice Général de Rendu des Couleurs. Ces valeurs comprennent une série de teintes de saturation modérée se rangeant en cercle et ayant approximativement la même clarté. Les valeurs pour d'autres échantillons de couleurs-tests correspondant à un rouge, jaune, vert et bleu saturés, ainsi qu'à la couleur du teint et celle du feuillage, sont également données. Les indices de Rendu des Couleurs sont obtenus à partir des distorsions totales de la couleur. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Verfahren zur Messung und Kennzeichnung der Farbwiedergabe-Eigenschaften von Lichtquellen Die CIE hat 1965 die Methode zur Messung und Kennzeichnung von Farbwiedergabe-Eigenschaften von Lichtquellen empfohlen, basierend auf einer Testfarbmethode. Diese Methode wurde 1974 auf den neuesten Stand gebracht, wobei die Farbumstimmungsadaptation berücksichtigt wurde. In den lekten 20 Jahren wurden mehrere Druckfehler festgestellt und von Zeit zu Zeit wurden korrigierte Neuauflagen veröffentlicht CIE 13.3-1995 ist die korrigierte Version von 13.2-1974, die auf den neuesten Stand der derzeitigen Praxis der Spektroradiometn'e und Berechnung gebracht wurde. Die technischen Empfehlungen blieben unverändert. Zwei Cornputerprogramme zur Berechnung der CIE Farbwiedergabe-Indizes, entsprechend der vorliegenden Publikation, sind als CIE DO08 für "DOS-Computer, die unter DOS oder "MS- WINDOWS" laufen, erhältlich. Diese Empfehlung legt die von der CIE vorgeschlagene Methode zur Messung und Kennzeichnung von Farbwiedergabe-Eigenschaften von Lichtquellen fest Sie beruht auf der Farbverschiebung einer Serie von Testfarben, hier kurz Testfarbenverfahren genannt. Diese Methode ist das grundlegende Verfahren zur Bewertung der Farbwiedergabe-Eigenschaffen von Lichtquellen. Sie wird sowohl für die Typprilfung als auch für die Untersuchung einzelner Lampen empfohlen. Diese Empfehlung gilt für die meisten für allgemeine Beleuchtungszwecke angewendeten Lichtquellen (Z.B. Glühlampen, Leuchtstofflampen, sowie alle anderen Arten von Entladungslampen, jedoch nicht für vorwiegend monochromatische Lichtquellen, wie Natriumdampf-Niederdnicklampen, etc.). Sie kann auch für künstlich verändertes Tageslicht angewendet werden. Es wird empfohlen, für die Bewertung einen Allgemeinen Farbwiedergabe-Index zu verwenden, der durch eine Serie von Speziellen Farbwiedergabe-Indizes ergänzt wird. Die Speziellen Farbwiedergabe- Indizes sollen auf einem Vergleich der Entfernungen der Farbörter im gleichförmigen Farbenraum CIE 1964 beruhen. Zur Anwendung des empfohlenen Testfarbenverfahrens werden die Farbverschiebungen geeignet ausgewählter Tesffarben bestimmt. Ein Satz von acht Testfarben ist durch die dazugehörigen Werte der spektralen Strahldichtefaktoren festgelegt zur Berechnung des Allgemeinen Farbwiedergabe- index. Diese festfarben stellen einen Farbtonkreis mittlerer Sättigung dar und haben alle nahezu gleichen Hellbezugswert. Daten für weitere Testfarben, u m . fUr gesättigtes Rot, Gelb, Grlin und Blau sowie Hautfarbe und Blattgrün werden ebenfalls mitgeteilt Aus den Farbverschiebungen ermittelt man die Farbwiedergabe-Indizes. VI COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services -~ ~ CIE 13.3 95 I 9006145 0000068 567 CIE 13.3 -1 995 1. INTRODUCTION The CIE recommended in 1948 an eight band method to calculate the colour rendering of light sources [i]. In 1951 the CIE requested National Committees (NCs) to further investigate the question of colour rendering of light sources [2] and established a Technical Committee (TC) for this purpose in 1955 [3]. The scope of this Committee was [4]: "To establish methods of measuring and spec@ing ihe colour rendering and colour matching propetties of light sources". It also considered that the desired method should be one broad enough to deal with all light sources of whatever design, and that the method should not be restricted as to purpose. In order to achieve the above aims the following working program was agreed on: f . To clarify and define the terminology of "Colour Rendering of Light Sources" in relation to all aspects of "colour rendering". 2. To establish methods of measuring and speciljling the colour rendering of light sourcesl taking into account proposed and applied methods of measuring and specifying the colour rendering of light sources as well as the requirements for practical methods of specification in lighting practice, especially all related work of National Commjttees. 2.1. To derive an abbreviated method for the estimation of colour rendetingl involving the CIE spectral band method provisionally recommended in 1948; to find the range of validity ofsuch rneîhod. 2.2. To derive methods of measuring and specifying the colour mndering of light sounes based on colour shift of a group of test objects (surfaces)l involving fhe denvation of a single-number approximate colour rendering rating of the light s o m e to be tested, supplemented by a more rigorous multi-number rating ancl/or Vpe of graphical representation. 2.3. To derive further meíhods if there is any necessity. 2.4. To establish, W possible, toiemnces, for light sources with regad to coiour rendering. The committee published an interim report on terminology in 1964 151, and decided that ultimately only one method will be recommended for specifying colour rendering [4,6]. To achieve this goal the TC requested NCs to experiment both with the spectral band method and with the colour shif& method. Such experiments have shown [7] that the spectral band method does not work very well with "de Luxe" type fluorescent lamps, but the test colour method gave results in good agreement with visual appraisal. Based on the work of D. NICKERSON [8], W. MONCH and K. SCHULTZ [9] as well as of i. HENNICKE [ 1 O] the committee decided to use only eight test colour samples. The following Munsell samples were selected: 7,5 R 614 5 Y 614 5 GY 618 2,5 G 616 10 BG 614' 5 PB 618 2,5 P 618 10 P 618 5 YR a14 5 GY 414 5 Y 8/10 4,5 G518 3 PB 3/11 4,5 R4113 10 B 614 5 P 618 * Replacing 1 O B6/4 which was originally proposed. COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT International Commission on Illumination Licensed by Information Handling Services ~~ ~ ~~~ ~~ CIE 13.3 95 m 900b145 0000069 4T3 CIE 13.3 -1995 The Committee stressed their opinion at their meeting at Evian in 1962: a) that there is no need to include in the specflcation any reference illuminant realisable in practice; b) that one should take into account the effect of chromatic adaptation choosing the best way to do it; c) to evaluate the colour shiR in a system, which allows for considerafion of lightness shiR also; d) that it is very convenient to have a single rating figure (general colour rendering index) but that more atfention should be paid to the special colour rendering indices thus supplementing the information given by the general colour mndenng index; e) that it should be suggested to abandon a graphic representation for the first time. Based on above considerations the Committee submitted a draft recommendation at its meeting in Vienna 161, noting that a more rigorous treatment of chromatic adaptation as well as colour differences would be needed to be able to consider wider colour differences between the lamp to be tested and the reference illuminant. The fist edition of the CIE recommended method of measuring and specifying colour rendering properties of light sources, based on a fest colour sample method was published in 1965 [ i 11 as In 1967 the Committee w