最新综合英语4 Unit2 Space Invaders精品课件

Unit2TextISpaceInvaders第一页，共35页。Pre-readingQuestions1.Whatdoes“personalspace”meaninyourmind?2.HaveyoueverhadexperiencewhenyoufeltyourPSwasbeinginvaded?What’syourfeeling?3.WhohaveastrongersenseofPS,ChineseorWesterners?第二页，共35页。personalspaceItreferstotheamountofareaavailableforpersonaluseanditisoftenregardedasapersonaldomainorterritory.Whenthisterritoryisinvaded,itsownerwillfeeluncomfortableoreventhreatened.第三页，共35页。Backgroundinformation:1.Aboutthetext:ThistextwasoriginallypublishedinNewYorkeronJuly24,1993.laterin2001itappearedagaininThePrincetonAnthologyofWriting:FavoritePiecesbytheFerriesWritersatPrincetonUniversity.Abouttheauthor:RichardStengelisaseniorwriterworkingforTimemagazine.第四页，共35页。3.Malthusianlogic:thetheoriesoftheBritisheconomistThomasRobertMalthus(1766-1843),whichstatethatpopulationincreasesfasterthanthemeansofsubsistenceunlesswar,famine,ordiseaseintervenesoreffortsaremadetolimitpopulation.4.LongIsland:anislandinsoutheasternNewYork.TheNewYorkcityboroughsofBrooklynandQueensareatitswestend.第五页，共35页。LanguageWorksnake:moveinatwistingwayThetrainwassnakingitswaythroughthemountains.Sometiredvelvetropes:someslackenedvelvetropesinch:moveveryslowlyandcarefullyHowardinchedthevanforward.第六页，共35页。Shuffle:walkbydraggingone’sfeetalongorwithoutliftingthemfullyfromthegroundHeslippedonhisshoesandshuffledoutoftheroom.shufflesth.off:avoidtalkingorthinkingaboutsth.becauseitisnotconsideredimportantHeshuffledthequestionoffandchangedthetopic.第七页，共35页。ring:aquality,oranimpressionofhavingthequalitythatismentionedHerstoryhasaringoftruthaboutit.Thebookshementionedhadafamiliarringaboutthem.penetrate:succeedinforcingthroughsth.Theypenetratedintotheterritorywherenomanhadeverbeenbefore.第八页，共35页。Wedge:forceintoanarrowspaceSheopenedthedoorwideandwedgeditwithapadofnewspaper.“don’ttreadonme”couldhavebeencoinedonlybysomeonewithaspread:P5“don’tstepintomyspace”.Thiscouldhavebeensaidonlybyapersonwhohasalargepersonalspace.第九页，共35页。Personalspaceispsychological,notphysical:ithaslesstodowiththespaceoutsideusthanourinnerspace:personalspaceismoreapsychologicalmatterthanaphysicalone.Beproportionalto:increaseordecreaseatthesamerateastheotherthingTheoutputshouldbeproportionaltotheinput.第十页，共35页。StructuralAnalysisThewriterpointsoutthefactthatnowadayspeoplearemoreandmoreconcernedaboutthemselvesandwanttohavealargerpersonalspacethandecadesago,andthenheanalysesthecausesofspaceinvasion.Itcanbedividedintothreeparts.第十一页，共35页。StructuralAnalysisPart1(1-2):thewritercallsthereaders’attentiontotheinvasionofPSbyrelatinganexperienceofhowhisPSwasinvaded.Part2(3-7):heanalyzessomelikelycausesoftheshrinkageofPS,andattributestheinvasiontothegeneraldeclineofgoodmanners.Part3(8-9):hepresentshisviewabouttheessenceofPS,itispsychologicalratherthanphysical,andurgespeopleto“expandthecontractingboundariesofPS”.第十二页，共35页。PartIparagraph1-2Thefollowingquestionmaybeasked:Howdidtheauthordescribetheviolationofpersonalspacethathappenedinabank?aseriesofverbphrasesandadverbialstovividlydescribetheprocess…andpeople’sreaction.第十三页，共35页。Untill…hugger-mugger…Slinky.Untillwewereallpushingagainsteachother,leavingthelineindisorder.lazyline:personificationslothful,sluggish,idle第十四页，共35页。Thephrase…hasaquaint,seventiesringtoit.…hasanoldtouchthatwascharacteristicofthe1970s.//…soundsold-fashionedandremindsoneofthe1970s.第十五页，共35页。PartIIparagraph3-7Thefollowingquestionscouldbeasked:Is“personalspace”aphraseoftheseventies?Isitoutofdatenowadays?Whyorwhynot?DoyouagreewiththeauthoraboutthereasonsofspaceinvasiongiveninParagraph4?Whatotherfactorshavecausedit?Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“personalspaceismostlyapublicmatter”?Dospaceinvadersrespectotherpeople’spersonalspace?第十六页，共35页。T-shirtweathercanmakeproximitymorealluring…P4Inhotsummerdays,peoplecanbedrawntoeachother,esp.totheoppositesexorfeeldisgustedwiththeclosenessofothers(moveawayfromthoseunpleasantsmellofperspiration).T-shirtweather:metonymy借代(jièdài)/换喻Heisatrueblue.…faithfulperson第十七页，共35页。Orperhapstheincreasing…isinfusing…into…janglinglocals…cannolongerkeeptothemselves.P4…attractmoreandmorepeople,whoarestimulatedandexcitedbythecaffeinetheytakein,sothattheybecomeeagertomeetothersandnolongerwanttoremaininprivate.第十八页，共35页。…weallowallkindsofinvasions…(Humanitywouldn’texistwithoutthem.)P5…privatelyweallowpeoplewithwhomwehavecloserelationshipstoenterourPSinavarietyofways.(Indeed,intheabsenceofsexualintimacynoneofuswouldbehere.)第十九页，共35页。Thelogisticsofitvaryaccordingtogeography.P5Peopleindifferentregionsaregivendifferentsizesofpersonalspace.第二十页，共35页。I’venoticedanincreaseintheranksofwhatIthinkof….,mini-territorialexpansionistswhoseizepublicspacewithasenseofmanifestdestiny.P7I’venoticedthattheproblemofspaceinvasionhasbecomemoreandmoreserious,andspaceinvaders,actinginthewayterritorialexpansionistsusuallydo,takeitforgrantedthattheyhavetherighttoseizepublicspace.第二十一页，共35页。stakeaclaimto:makeaclaimto……individualsroutinelycommandeer…P7Itisquitecommonthatonepersonoccupiesaboothandasetoffacingseatsdesignedforfourpeople.第二十二页，共35页。PartIIIparagraph8-9Questionstobeasked:Doyouagreewiththewriter’sviewthatthecontractionoftheouterpersonalspaceisproportionaltotheexpansionoftheinnerspaceofmodernman?Whydoestheauthordecidetoexpandhiscontractingboundariesofpersonalspace?第二十三页，共35页。…thebreezefromabutterfly’swingsJapan…produceatidalwaveinCalifornia….P9TheauthorhopesthathisownstandagainsttheshrinkageofPS,assmallinitself,willeventuallyhaveadramaticeffectinthesamewayasthebreezefromabutterfly’swingsinJapan,ifitinitiatesachainofwaves,mayeventuallyproduceatidalwavein…第二十四页，共35页。ConclusionTheauthorlooksatthecausesofspaceinvasioninParagraph4.Heattributesthisphenomenontopopulationexplosionfirst,thentothehotweatherandthestimulationofcaffeine,geography.Heexaminesthenatureofspaceinvasionandthinksthatspaceinvasionisapublicmatter.Itismorepsychologicalthanphysical.第二十五页，共35页。RhetoricalFeaturesListedbelowaretheverbsusedbytheauthortogiveavividandaccuratedescriptionofthebehaviorofthespaceinvaders1)Verbsusedtodescribedthebehaviorofspaceinvaders:inch,wedge,zigzag,jostle,refuse,press,bump,etc.2)Verbsusedtodescribethereactionofthosewhosespaceisbeinginvaded:advanced,sidle,shuffle第二十六页，共35页。Vocabulary:1.drooping;loosened;slackened2.tone;sound3.alreadyover-stimulated/relentlesslocalpeople/residents4.unfriendliness;cold-shouldering5.membershipofagroupoforganization第二十七页，共35页。1.sidledup2.carveout雕刻(diāokè)，创业，开拓3.attribute…to…4.stakeaclaimto…5.treadontheirtoes6.plowedinto7.isproportionalto…progress8.breathingdowntheirnecks第二十八页，共35页。1.annoying2.intuition3.relentedletitout4.proliferatesintoasuccessionof…5.lamentably6.inanexpansivemood7.asamatterofroutine8.belesssusceptibletoshrinkageDABDCBAB第二十九页，共35页。1.significantly/considerably/incautiously2.shrinking/receding/lessening3.private/personal/individual4.give/present/confer5.tightened/tense/rigid6.recently/currently7.old-fashioned/odd/antiquated8.uncomfortable/nervous/upset第三十页，共35页。1.promotion2.endure3.willingly4.canceled5.themostimportantthing6.moderatelywarm第三十一页，共35页。1.Thepigeonwaswedgedintheforkofabranchanditfellafterawhile.2.Thepaymentthatthemotoristwillhavetomakeisproportionaltothedamagehehasdonetotheotherperson’scar.3.Youcanonlyenterthecavebyinchingthroughanarrowtunnelonyourstomach.4.Shestammeredsomeapologyforenteringmyofficewithoutknockingasshesidledtowardsthedoor.第三十二页，共35页。5.HetookpainstoexplaintomethatIwasbeingdismissednotbecauseIdidn’tdomyworkwellbutbecausethecompanycouldnotpaymywages.6.Theenlistmentofyoungsoldiersinfusednewhopeandmoraleintothearmy.7.Oncetheolderboysstakeaclaimtothelawn,theyoungeroneshadtogivewaytothemtoavoidconflict.8.Themanfollowinghermadeheruneasyandshecouldn’thelpquickeninghersteps.第三十三页，共35页。TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.在某些文化中，空间感觉的一个重要方面体现于人们所需要的彼此感觉舒适却又不觉得拥挤的“私人空间”。例如，北美人彼此感觉舒适所需的空间距离大约是4英尺。而阿拉伯人和拉美人反而是彼此靠近才会感觉舒服。因此，不同文化的人可能会无意间侵犯别人的空间感。正如不同的时间观可能会造成(zàochénɡ)文化冲突，不同的空间观也可能引发同样的问题。第三十四页，共35页。TextIIspaceanddistanceReferenceforquestions:no.thedistancewekeepfromotherpeopledependsonourinterpersonalrelationship.Tellyourclassmateswhetheryouprefertositinthefront,inthemiddle,oratthebackofaroom.Therecanbedifferentreasonsfordifferentpeopletomakethesamechoice.InanycaseswewillturnofftheTVbeforetheconversationstarts.第三十五页，共35页。