宾语从句 (2)

Q1:DoyouknowwhenpeoplecelebrateChristmas?Q2:CouldyoupleasetellmewhereChristmasispopular?Q3:CouldyoupossiblytellmehowpeoplecelebrateChristmas?Q4:CanyoutellmewhatthespiritofChristmasis?Q5:IwonderwhetheryoulikeChristmasornotandwhyorwhynot.OnDecember25th.Inwesterncountries.TheybuyChristmastrees,eatabigdinnerandgivegiftstoeachother.Theimportanceofsharingandgivingloveandjoytopeoplearoundus.宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作。宾语1.Iamsure_______hewillsucceed.2.Heasked______wasthemonitor.3Heasked______hishandwritingwasthebest.4.Theteacheraskedthenewstudent______classhewasin.5.Canyoutellme______hewants?6.Marydoesn’tknow______thetrainwillcome.7.Canyoutellme______theNo.3busstopis?8.Idon’tknow______thetrainwaslate. 9.Mr.Wangdoesn’tknow______itisfineornottomorrow.(that)whowhatif/whetherwhatwhenwherewhywhether(1)由从属连词that引导的宾语从句注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略。(2)由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句(3)由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句但在下列情况下只能用whether：　①在具有选择意义，又有or或ornot时，尤其是直接与ornot连用时，往往用whether.　Letmeknowwhetherhewillcomeornot．②在介词之后用whether。　I'minterestedinwhetherhelikesEnglish．　　③在不定式前用whether。Hehasn'tdecidedwhethertovisittheoldman．　　④whether置于句首时，不能换用if。　　Whetherthisistrueornot，Ican'tsay．注意1.Idon'tknow___theyhavepassedtheexamornot.A.whatB.ifC.whenD.whether2.Ihardlyunderstand___hehastoldme.A.ThatB.whatC.whichD.who3.Heaskedme_____toldmetheaccident.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose4.Idon'tknow_____hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.A.whetherBwhereC.whatD.when5.Doyouknow_____theylistenedtoyesterdayevening?A.whatBwhenCwhyDhow（1）当主句为现在时态（如：一般现在时、现在进行时、或一般将来时）时，从句使用所需要的任何一种时态。1.Iseethatthey_______(play)footballovertherenow.2.Hetellsmethathissister______(come)backyesterday.3.Idon'tknowifhe____________(come)backtomorrow.4.Iknowthathe(have)dinneralready.areplayingcamewillcomehashad(2)当主句为一般过去时时，从句要用相对应的过去时。1.Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.2.HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.3.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.A.soon.一般现在时——一般过去时——一般将来时——现在进行时——现在完成时——过去完成时——将来进行时——将来完成时——一般过去时过去完成时过去将来时过去进行时过去完成时不变过去将来进行时过去将来完成时(3)当从句述的是客观真理或普遍规律时，从句仍然要使用一般现在时。1.Theteachersaidthattheearth______(move)aroundthesun.2.Hesaidthatlight__________(travel)fasterthansound.movestravelsTheradiosaysit___________cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything________well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey________________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.4.Ihearthey______________(return)italready.5.Hesaidthatthey_____________(be)membersofthePartysince1948.6.Heaskedwhatthey_________(do)ateightlastnight.7.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_____(rise)ineast.用所给单词的正确形式哟！willbegoeswereplayinghavereturnedhadbeenweredoingrises规律：（1）陈述句改为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。（2）一般疑问句和特殊疑问句改为宾语从句，语序改为陈述语序。1.Heisagoodboy.Theteachersaid.→2.Doeshestudyhard?Iwonder.→3.Whendidsheleave?Idon'tknow.→Idon'tknowwhenheleft.Theteachersaid(that)hewasagoodboy.Iwonderif/whetherhestudieshard.陈述句语序：_______+________+其他主语谓语yourbrotherstudiesIcan改错1.CanyoutellmehowcanIgettothezoo?____________2.Canyoutellmewheredoesyourbrotherstudy?______________1.Pleasetellme______lastyear.A.wheredoesyoursisterworkB.wheredidyoursisterworkCwhereyoursisterworksD.whereyoursisterworked2.SheaskedmeifIknew______whosepenisitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasit3.Youmustremember________.whatyourmothersaidwhatdidyourmothersayC.yourmothersaidwhatD.whathasyourmothersaid4.Didyouknow____?A.whohewaslookingafterB.whowashelookingforC.whoheislookingforD.whoheislookingafter5.Couldyoutellme___?A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijingC.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeijing宾语从句与简单句的转换:由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句,当时，宾语从句可转化为结构,即Hedoesn'tknowwhatheshouldsay.→Hedoesn'tknowwhattosay.主句主语和从句主语一致“疑问词+动词不定式”“疑问词+todo”1.Hesaid(that)_____________________.（他非常想念我们）2.Theteachertoldus(that)__________________________.（地球围着太阳转）3.Heasked________________________.(谁能回答这个问题）Doyouknow_______________________.（他们在等谁）5.Pleasetellme_______________________.（我们什么时候开会）hemissedusverymuchtheearthmovesaroundthesunwhocouldanswerthequestionwhotheyarewaitingforwhenwe'llhaveameeting6.Canyoutellme_______________.（他在哪儿）7.Couldyoutellme______________________.（我该怎么去车站）8.Wouldyoutellme________________.（为什么火车迟到了）9.Iwanttoknow____________________________.（他是否跟我们一起去公园）10.Idon’tknow__________________________.（是否要下雨）whereheishowIcangettothestationwhythetrainislateif(whether)hewillgototheparkwithuswhetheritisgoingtorainornot2011年真题再现25.Ican’tremember__________Iputthebook,andIneeditformyhomeworknow.A.whereB.howC.whatD.why74.我想知道为什么你今天上学又迟到了。Iwanttoknow_____________________lateforschoolagaintoday.Awhyyouare2012年真题再现18.—It’ssurprisingthathehasgotsuchahighmark!---Yes,Iwonder_______.howdidhedoB.howhedidC.whydidhedoD.thathedid75.我不明白他们为何对这位美国歌星如此着迷？Ican’tunderstand__________________socrazyaboutthisAmericansingingstar.Bwhytheyare1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.4.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.5.“WhereisTom?”Theyasked.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem.Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework.TheyaskedwhereTomwas.Billwasfourteenyearsold．Hethoughthewasayoungmanbuthisparentsthoughthewasstillaboy．Theysaid，“Whenyoubegintothinkabouthelpingothers，youwillbeayoungman．”Onemorning，hisparentsgaveBillsomemoneytobuymilkatthestore．Hesawanoldmanthere．Themanlookedverysick．Billwenttohimandasked，“Areyouallright？Theoldmananswered，“Yes,butIneedsomethingtoeat．”“Thenlet'sgototherestaurant，”saidBill．Whenthewaiteraskedwhattheywanted，theoldmansaid，“Justaglassofwater．”“Doyouwantanythingtoeat？”askedthewaiter．Theoldmandidn'tanswer，andBillaskedhim，“Haveyouhadyourbreakfast?”“No，Ihaven'thadanyfoodandIhaven'tanymoneybecauseIlostit，”answeredtheoldman． Theboysaidtothewaiter，“Myfriendwantstohavebreadandcoffee.”“I'mgivingyoutoomuchtrouble,”saidtheoldman．Theoldmanatequicklywhatthewaiterhadbroughthim．“I'mfinenow，”hesaid．“I'llneverforgetyourkindness！Youareaverygoodyoungman．”Billwaspleasedbecausetheoldmanthoughthewasayoungman．Thewaitercame，andtotheirsurprise，hesaidthatthefoodwasapresentanditwascheapbecauseitwasthebirthdayofhisboss，andtheywerethefirstcustomersoftheday． Possiblequestions:1.Inhisparents’opinions,howcouldBillbeayoungman?2.Whatdidtheoldmanorderwhenthewaiteraskedwhattheywanted?3.Didtheoldmanhavebreakfast?Andhowdoyouknow?4.WhatdidtheoldmanthinkofBill?YourbestfriendTomtoldyouhisexamresultsandaskedyouforsomeadviceonhowtostudywell.Hereishisreportcard.ChineseEnglishMathPhysicsChemistry7058999095Usefulwordsandexpressions:hard-working,dobetter,lazy,begoodat…toldmethat….…saidthat……wondered……asked…宾语从句(Objectclause)1、语序：________语序2、引导词：陈述句充当宾语从句引导词用_______一般疑问句充当宾语从句引导词用_______特殊疑问句充当宾语从句引导词用_______3、时态：主句______________,从句________________主句________________,从句_______________4、宾语从句与简单句的转换。“疑问词+动词不定式（todo)”条件：_________________________.陈述thatif/whether原句的特殊疑问词现在时所需的任何时态一般过去式相应的过去时态主句主语和从句主语一致“一定，二变，三确定”确定引导词变陈述语序确定时态