2020版高考英语总复习高考提能练（三十二）（含解析）外研版选修6

高考提能练(三十二)Module2　FantasyLiteratureⅠ.阅读理解A[2019·辽宁五校高三上学期模拟]“Weallknowthatexerciseisgoodforus,butcanyougetthebenefitswithoutactuallydoingtheexercise？”asksMichaelMosley.Havingahotbathorasaunaisagoodwaytosootheyourarmsandlegsafterexercise,butwhathappensifyoudoitinsteadofexercise?Dr.SteveFaulknerofLoughboroughUniversityaskedmetotakepartinanexperimentcomparingtherelativebenefitsofhavingalong,hotbathversusanhourofhardcycling.ForthisstudyIjoinagroupofvolunteerswhohaveallbeenfittedwithmonitorswhichcontinuouslyrecordbloodsugarlevels.Keepingyourbloodsugarlevelwithinthenormalrangeisanimportantmeasureofyour“metabolic”fitness.Thefirstpartoftheexperimentisveryrelaxing,consistingofhavingalong,hotbath.WhileIsitinthebath,whichtheykeepat40℃，Stevecloselymonitorsmycoretemperature.Onceithasrisenandstayedthere,Iamallowedout.AcoupleofhoursaftermybathIhavealightmeal.Sincewewanttoseehowhavingahotbathcompareswithexercisewerepeattheexperiment.Sowhat'stheresult?“Oneofthefirstthingsthatwewerelookingat，”Stevesays,“istheenergyexpenditure(消耗)whileyou'reinthehotbathandwhatwefoundwasan80%increaseinenergyexpenditurejustasaresultofsittinginthebathforthecourseofanhour.”Thisisnothinglikeasmanycaloriesascyclingforanhour(whichcomesoutatanaverageof630calories),butwedoburn140calories,theequivalentofabrisk30­minutewalk.体裁：说明文　材：锻炼身体　主题：热水浴消耗热量【解题导语】　实验发现，一个小时的热水浴虽然没有骑一个小时自行车所消耗的热量多，但其所消耗的热量相当于半个小时的快步走所消耗的热量。【难句】　“Oneofthefirstthingsthatwewerelookingat，”Stevesays，“istheenergyexpenditure(消耗)whileyou'reinthehotbathandwhatwefoundwasan80%increaseinenergyexpenditurejustasaresultofsittinginthebathforthecourseofanhour.”分析：本句是直接引语，直接引语中是一个并列句。该直接引语中and连接并列句；that引导定语从句；while引导时间状语从句；what引导主语从句。译文：“我们一直研究的第一类事情之一就是你在洗热水浴时所消耗的热量，结果我们的发现是在一个小时中仅仅坐在浴缸里能量的消耗就增加了百分之八十，”Steve说道。1.WhatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinParagraph2?A．Exercise.　B．Strengthen.C．Relax.D．Buildup.答案与解析：C　考查词义猜测。结合该句内容和常识可知，在锻炼时，我们的腿和手臂肌肉比较紧张，洗热水澡或桑拿浴可以使这些部位的肌肉得到放松。故选C。2．Whatisthepurposeoftheexperiment?A．Tocompareenergyexpenditureofhotbathandcycling.B．Totellpeoplehowtoloseweight.C．Toshowthebenefitofhotbath.D．Toencouragepeopletohaveahotbathinsteadofcycling.答案与解析：A　考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Dr.SteveFaulknerofLoughboroughUniversityaskedmetotakepartinanexperimentcomparingtherelativebenefitsofhavingalong，hotbathversusanhourofhardcycling”可知，做这个实验的目的是把洗热水澡和骑自行车的能量消耗的情况进行对比。故选A。3．Whatdoesnormalbloodsugarlevelmean?A．Itmeansyouarehealthy.B．Itmeansyourtemperatureisnormal.C．Itmeansyoudon'tneedexercise.D．Itmeansyourmetabolicsystemisnormal.答案与解析：D　考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Keepingyourbloodsugarlevelwithinthenormalrangeisanimportantmeasureofyour‘metabolic’fitness”可知，保持正常范围内的血糖水平是代谢健康的一个重要衡量。据此可知，正常的代谢系统与正常的血糖水平有关。故选D。4．Ifyouwanttoburn600calories,whatcanyoudo?A．Haveahotbathforonehour.B．Cycleforonehour.C．Haveabrisk60­minutewalk.D．Haveabrisk30­minutewalk.答案与解析：B　考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Thisisnothinglikeasmanycaloriesascyclingforanhour(whichcomesoutatanaverageof630calories),butwedoburn140calories，theequivalentofabrisk30­minutewalk”可知，如果要消耗600卡，应骑一个小时自行车。故选B。B[2019·绵阳市第一次诊断]GermanartistHASchultisanunusualartistwhousestrash(废物)tomakesculptures.“Wearelivinginthetimeofgarbage，”saysSchult.“Icreatedathousandsculpturesofgarbage.Theyareamirrorofourselves.”Here,Schultwastalkingabouthis1,000trashsculpturesintheformofhumans.Hefirstexhibitedthemin1996inthewesternGermanstateofNorthRhine­Westphalia.“Theyaresocialsculptures，”heexplains.“Theyarenotonlysculpturesfortheeyes.Theyaresculpturestospreadtheideathatweliveinatimeofgarbage.”Sofar,Schult'ssocialsculptureshavebeenonshowinParis,inMoscow'sRedSquare,ontheGreatWallofChina,andinthedesertnexttothePyramidsofGizanearCairo.HASchult'sworkisunforgettable.Althoughhisworkhashadabiginfluenceontheartworld,Schultremainsmodestabouthiscreations:“Artistshavetolearneverytime.Wearenotimportant.Allthatcountsisthetimeinwhichweareliving.”Trasharthasbeenaroundforyears.Butitseemsthatonlythepopularartistsareregardedastrueartistswhenworkingwithtrash.Whycan'tcommonpeoplebeconsideredartistswhentheyusethesamethingsandchangethemintosomeformofpersonalart?Maybeit'sbecauseweallhaveourownpresetideasofwhatartisandisn't,orwhomartistsareorshouldbe.YoucanbeanartistlikeSchultifyoutry.Lookatusedmetalcans.Whatmightbedonewiththem?Imaginetheminanynumberofnewuses,orimaginethemsimplyasanartform.Whataboutboxesorclothing?Boxescanusuallyserveasnewstoragecontainersandhousesforpets.Andclothing?Imaginetakingoldclothesandturningthemintohatsorhangingorganizers.体裁：记叙文　题材：环保　主题：德国艺术家用垃圾创造艺术品【解题导语】　本文主要讲述了一位德国艺术家利用垃圾创造艺术作品的故事，并以此鼓励读者行动起来，为环保出一份力。【难句分析】　Allthatcountsisthetimeinwhichweareliving.分析：本句是一个复合句。that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词All；inwhich＝where，引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词thetime。译文：重要的是我们所生活的时代。5．WhatdoweknowaboutSchult'ssculptures?A．Theyservedasgarbagecontainers.B．Theyreflectedenvironmentalissues.C．TheywerefirstshowninParis,France.D．Theyweretoraiseeconomicawareness.答案与解析：B　考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Theyaresculpturestospreadtheideathatweliveinatimeofgarbage”可知，Schult的作品反映了环境问题，故选B。6．HASchult'sartisticworksalsogetthemessageacrossthatanartistmust________.A．besociallyresponsibleB．beasmodestaspossibleC．makegarbagerecyclableD．takediverseartisticforms答案与解析：A　考查推理判断。根据第三段最后一句“Allthatcountsisthetimeinwhichweareliving”和第二段的整体内容可推知，Schult的作品同样传递了这样一个思想，即艺术家除了自己的艺术追求之外，也应该有社会责任感，故选A。7．Accordingtothelast2paragraphs,theauthorprobablyagreesthat________.A．ittakestalenttobeatrashartistB．presetideasareimportanttoartistsC．trashartcan'tbeseenasarealartformD．averagepeoplecanalsomaketrashartists答案与解析：D　考查推理判断。根据最后一段第一句“YoucanbeanartistlikeSchultifyoutry”可推知，作者认为普通人也可以利用周围的废物或者垃圾而成为一位艺术家，故选D。8．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．CouldYouBeaTrashArtist?B．WhatAreSocialSculptures?C．DoYouKnowaboutTrashArt?D．HowCanWeDealwithUsedCans?答案与解析：A　考查标题判断。文章最后一段第一句“YoucanbeanartistlikeSchultifyoutry”点题，再结合全文内容可推知，本文主要通过讲述一位艺术家利用垃圾创造艺术作品的故事，激励人们行动起来，为环保作贡献，人人都可以成为一位艺术家，故A项最适合作文章标题。Ⅱ.完形填空[2019·昆明质量检测]AfewyearsagoIchosea“wordoftheyear”topractise.AsIbeganin2014,Ilookedforwardtohowtheword“__1__”wouldshapethecomingyear.Iplannedtogiveagifteachdayforthe__2__year.Somegiftswouldtaketimetoprepare,butsomeoftheothergiftscameaboutmore__3__，suchashelpingsomeonecrossthestreet.Buteitherway,Ialwaystriedtoseeka(n)__4__toserve.Somegiftsin2014__5__readingtomynextdoor'skids.I__6__readingasmygiftoftheday.Mymindisstillcrowdedwithprecious__7__now.TwiceI__8__afewcoinsonthesidewalkforakidtofind.Itmayhavecostafew__9__，butIconsidereditachanceto__10__anotherperson'sday.Alongtheway,Ialsomademyowndaypleasant.Oneofmymost__11__giftsthroughoutthewholeyearwaslettingother__12__goaheadofmeinlineatstores.Forthesixthtime,__13__standinginlineatastoreoneday,mysontoldmesomebody__14__ushadonlytwothingsto__15__.Iwavedtothepersontotakeourplaceinline.Thefew__16__minutesofwaittimepassedwithmyhardlyrealizingit.Theywereminutespassing__17__.Althoughthisactof__18__didn'tdeservesomethingsurprising,itremainsoneofmy__19__giftsof2014—andallbecauseIsawhowmy__20__togivehadbecomepartofmychildren'slivesaswell.体裁：记叙文　题材：送人礼物　主题：乐于助人【解题导语】　本文讲述了作者在2014年选择“礼物”一词作为年度词汇来塑造未来一年，并抒发了乐于助人，手留余香的感受。【核心词汇】　practisev.练习，实践　shapev.形成，塑造　comeabout发生　seekv.寻找，寻求　preciousadj.珍贵的，宝贵的　deservev.应受，应得1．A.luckB．giftC．healthD．money答案与解析：B　根据下文反复出现的“gift”可判断出答案为B。luck“幸运，运气”；health“健康”；money“钱”。2．A.entireB．sameC．previousD．final答案与解析：A　根据第11空后的“throughoutthewholeyear”可知，此处指整个(entire)一年。previous“以前的”；final“最终的”。3．A.formallyB．regularlyC．graduallyD．naturally答案与解析：D　根据空后的“suchashelpingsomeonecrossthestreet”的举例可知，其他的一些礼物是自然而然(naturally)给予的。formally“正式地”；regularly“定期地，有规律地”；gradually“渐渐地”。4．A.jobB．routineC．opportunityD．excuse答案与解析：C　但是无论哪种方式，作者总是试图抓住机会(opportunity)去服务他人。job“工作”；routine“常规”；excuse“借口，理由”。5．A.involvedB．suggestedC．requiredD．kept答案与解析：A　2014年的一些礼物包括(involved)给邻居家孩子读书。suggest“建议”；require“需要，要求”；keep“保持，继续”。6．A.turneddownB．lookedonC．tookinD．putaway答案与解析：B　作者把给邻居家孩子读书看作(lookedon)当天的礼物。turndown“关小，减少”；takein“吸收，欺骗”；putaway“把……收起来”。7．A.eventsB．changesC．motivationsD．memories答案与解析：D　作者脑海里现在仍充满了以前珍贵的记忆(memories)。event“事件，大事”；change“变化，改变”；motivation“动机，积极性”。8．A.abandonedB．madeC．leftD．forgot答案与解析：C　根据上下文可知，作者再次把一些硬币留(left)在人行道上让小孩发现。make“制造，使”；forget“忘记”。9．A.centsB．checksC．booksD．goods答案与解析：A　作者可能只花了几分钱(cents)。check“支票”；book“书籍”；goods“货物”。10．A.shortenB．brightenC．startD．appreciate答案与解析：B　根据空后一句中的“mademyowndaypleasant”可知此处表示照亮(brighten)他人的一天。shorten“缩短，变短”；start“开始，创办”；appreciate“感激，欣赏”。11．A.expensiveB．availableC．expectedD．repeated答案与解析：D　根据空处所在句中的“Oneofmost__11__gifts”以及下文中的“Forthesixthtime”可以看出作者多次(repeated)送出这样的礼物。expensive“昂贵的”；available“可获得的，有空的”；expected“预料的”。12．A.friendsB．relativesC．customersD．managers答案与解析：C　根据空后的atstores可知，作者一整年多次送出的礼物之一是在商店让其他顾客(customers)在作者前面排队。13．A.whileB．onceC．sinceD．though答案与解析：A　while表示“当……时”，符合语境。once“一旦”；since“既然”；though“虽然”。14．A.beyondB．behindC．aheadofD．nextto答案与解析：B　根据下文中的“Iwavedtothepersontotakeourplaceinline”可知，theperson就是空处所在句中的somebody，由此可知那个人应该是在作者和他儿子的后面(behind)排队。beyond“超过”；aheadof“在……的前面”；nextto“紧邻，几乎”。所以选项B正确。15．A.donateB．serveC．purchaseD．share答案与解析：C　排在作者和他儿子后面的那个人只购买(purchase)了两个东西。donate“捐献”；serve“服务，伺候”；share“分享”。16．A.necessaryB．endlessC．urgentD．extra答案与解析：D　额外的(extra)几分钟等待时间在不知不觉中就过去了，时间过得真快(rapidly)。necessary“必要的”；endless“无休止的，无穷无尽的”；urgent“紧急的，紧迫的”。17．A.rapidlyB．slowlyC．casuallyD．painfully答案与解析：A　参见上题解析。slowly“慢慢地”；casually“不经意地”；painfully“痛苦地”。18．A.unitingB．progressingC．receivingD．giving答案与解析：D　根据第四、五段的内容可知，此处表示这种给予的行为。所以选项D正确。19．A.extremeB．favoriteC．strangestD．richest答案与解析：B　根据语境可知，这是作者2014年最喜欢的(favorite)礼物之一。extreme“极端的，极度的”。20．A.abilityB．arrangementC．choiceD．hesitation答案与解析：C　根据第一段可知，几年前，作者选择用一年的时间践行一个词，2014年作者选择的是“gift”，因此此处指作者的选择(choice)。ability“能力”；arrangement“安排”；hesitation“犹豫”。Ⅲ.语法填空[2019·新疆第一次适应性考试]AreportsaysaboutfiftymilliontoseventymillionAmericanshavesleepproblems.Itsaysmanymorearesufferingfromlackofsleep.Astudyhasexamined__1__weneedsleepandtheeffectsofsleeploss.ThestudyshowsAmericanbusinesseslosemillionsofdollarsayearbecauseoftiredworkers.Some__2__(employ)aretootiredtoreportforwork.Theyhavemoreaccidentsorare__3__(little)productiveatwork.Othercostsincludeincreasedvisits__4__doctors.Thestudyfindsthat20%ofinjuries__5__(cause)bycaraccidentsarelinkedtosleepydrivers.Otherstudieshavelinkedpoorsleeptoariskofhealthproblemslikeheartdisease,depressionand__6__(healthy)amountsofbodyfat.Researcherssaythereasonforthislinkisunclear.Manyexpertssay__7__largeamountofsleepisasimportanttohealthasdietandexercise.Theysaymostpeopleneedseventoninehoursofsleepeachnight.Lessthanthatcaninfluence__8__mentalandphysicalabilities.Itcanleadtomoreseriousproblems,includingseveresleeplessness.Peoplewiththisconditiontemporarilystop__9__(breathe)whiletheysleep.Researcherssuggestthepublic__10__(inform)oftheproblemandtakestepstopreventsleepdisorders.【解题导语】　充足的睡眠同饮食和健康一样重要。本文介绍了睡眠不足造成的影响及研究人员建议公众采取措施解决睡眠不足这一问题。1．答案与解析：why　考查宾语从句。一项研究分析了为什么我们需要睡眠以及缺乏睡眠的影响。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句且从句中缺少原因状语，故填why。2．答案与解析：employees　考查名词。根据空前的Some可知，空处应用名词复数。someemployees“一些员工”。employee“雇员，雇工”；employer“雇主，老板”。根据语境可知，空处应填employees。3．答案与解析：less　考查形容词的比较级。工作中，睡眠不足的雇员会遇到更多的事故且效率较低。根据空前的more可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。4．答案与解析：to　考查介词。空前的visits为名词复数，其后常用介词to。5．答案与解析：caused　考查非谓语动词。cause和它所修饰的名词injuries之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，此处表示“由汽车事故造成的伤害”，故用caused作后置定语。6．答案与解析：unhealthy　考查形容词。其他研究已经把睡眠质量差与像患心脏病这样的健康问题的风险、(意志)消沉和不健康的体内脂肪含量联系了起来。空处修饰名词amounts且和depression意义相近，故填unhealthy。7．答案与解析：a　考查冠词。alargeamountof是固定搭配，意为“大量，许多”，用来修饰不可数名词。8．答案与解析：both/their　考查代词。少于这个时间会影响身心能力。both与后面的and构成固定搭配，意为“不仅……而且……”。或结合上文中的“mostpeople”可知，此处也可用their修饰后面的名词abilities，表示“他们的身心能力”。9．答案与解析：breathing　考查非谓语动词。stopdoingsth.“停止做某事”，为固定用法。故填breathing。10．答案与解析：(should)beinformed　考查虚拟语气和语态。suggest表示“建议”，后跟宾语从句时从句中要用虚拟语气，即从句中的谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，且should可以省略。另外，thepublic与动词inform之间是被动关系，故用其被动形式，因此填(should)beinformed。