中央电大学位英语2011年5月真题和答案

北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试（2011年5月）　　PartIReadingComprehension(30%)　　Directions:Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet。　　Passage1　　QuestionsIto5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:　　Spending50minuteswithacellphoneclosetoyourearisenoughtochangebraincellactivityinthepartofthebrainclosesttotheantenna(天线).Butwhetherthatcausesanyharmisnotclear,scientistsattheNationalInstituteofHealthsaidataconferencelastmonth,addingthatthestudywillnotlikelysettleconcernsofalinkbetweencellphonesandbraincancer.“Whatweshowedisglucose(葡萄糖)metabolism(代谢)(asignofbrainactivity)increasesinthebraininpeoplewhowereexposedtoacellphoneintheareaclosesttotheantenna,”saidDr.NoraVolkowoftheNIH,whosestudywaspublishedintheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation.(76)Thestudywasmeanttoexaminehowthebrainreactstoelectromagneticfieldscausedbywirelessphonesignals。　　Volkowsaidshewassurprisedthattheweakelectromagneticradiation(电磁辐射)fromcellphonescouldaffectbrainactivity,butshesaidthefindingsdonotshedanylightonwhethercellphonescausecancer.“Thisstudydoesnotinanywayindicatethat.Whatthestudydoesistoshowthehumanbrainissensitivetoelectromagneticradiationfromcellphoneexposures。”Useofthedeviceshasincreaseddramaticallysincetheywereintroducedintheearly1980s,withabout5billioncellphonesnowinuseworldwide。　　Somestudieshavelinkedcellphoneexposuretoanincreasedriskofbraincancers,butalargestudybutheWorldHealthOrganizationdidnotofferaclearanswertothis.Volkow’steamstudied47peoplewhohadtheirbrainexaminedwhileacellphonewasturnedonfor50minutesandanotherwhilethephonewasturnedoff.Whiletherewasnocompletechangeinbrainmetabolism,theyfounda7percentincreaseinbrainmetabolismintheregionclosesttothecellphoneantennawhenthephonewason。　　(77)Expertssaidtheresultswereinteresting,buturgedthattheybeunderstoodwithgreatcare.“Althoughthebiologicalsignificance,ifany,ofincreasedglucosemetabolismfromtoomuchcellphoneexposureisunknown,theresultsrequirefurtherinvestigation,”HenryLaioftheUniversityofWashingtonintheU.S.andDr.LennartHardellofUniversityHospitalinSweden,wroteinanarticleinJAMA.“Muchhastobedonetofurtherinvestigateandunderstandtheseeffects。”Theywrote。　　1.  Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?　　A.  Cellphoneuseisdangerous。　　B.  Cellphoneusecausescancer。　　C.  Thehumanbrainisanelectromagneticfield。　　D.  Thereareabout5billioncellphoneusersintheworldrightnow。　　2.  DoctorVolkowwasastonishedbecause______。　　A.  herresearchhasshedlightonherunderstandingofcellphone　　B.  shefoundthatcellphoneexposureisharmfultohumanbrain　　C.  shefoundthatusingacellphoneforabout50minutescouldinfluenceorchangebrainactivity　　D.  humanbrainisnotresponsivetoelectromagneticradiation　　3.  Accordingtothepassage,cellphoneswerelaunched_______。　　A.  inthelate1970s  B.between1980and1985　　B.  inthelate1980sD.intheearly1990s　　4.  Whatdoestheword“that”standforinthesecondparagraph?　　A.  Brainactivity。　　B.  Herresearchfindings。　　C.  Thefactthatcellphoneusemaycausecancer。　　D.  Herresearchprogress。　　5.  Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?　　A.  CellPhoneRadiation:IsItHarmful?　　B.  CellPhoneRadiati0n:IsItUseful?　　C.  CellPhoneRadiation:IsItHealthy?　　D.  CellPhoneRadiation:IsItWeak?　　Passage2　　Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:　　Humanbeingshavealwayshadanabilitytoattendtoseveralthingsatonce.(78)Noriselectronicmultitaskingentirelynew:We’vebeendrivingwhilelisteningtocarradiossincetheybecamepopularinthe1930s.butthereisnodoubtthatmultitaskinghasreachedakindofwarpspeedintheeraofWeb-enabledcomputers,whenithasbecomeroutinetoconductseveralIM(及时通讯)conversations,watchTVandusethecomputerallatonce。　　Butwhat’stheimpactofthismediaconsumption?Andhowarethesemultitaskingdeviceschanginghowkidslearn,reasonandcommunicatewithoneanother?Socialscientistsandeducatorsarejustbeginningtodealwiththesequestions,buttheresearchersalreadyhavesomestrongopinions。　　(79)Althoughmultitaskingkidsmaybebetterpreparedinsomewaysfortoday’sfast-pacedworkplaced,Manyscientistsarepositivelyalarmedbythetrend。Kidsthatareinstantmessagingwhiledoinghomework,playinggamesonlineandwatchingTV,aren’tgoingtodowellinthelongrun。　　Onthepositiveside,multitaskingstudentstendtobeextraordinarilygoodatfindingandusinginformation.Andprobablybecausemodernchildhoodcentersaroundvisual(视觉的)ratherthanprintmedia,theyareespeciallyskilledatanalyzingvisualdataandimages。　　Manyeducatorsandpsychologistssayparentsneedtoactivelyensurethattheirteenagersbreakfreeofuncontrollableengagementwithscreensandspendtimeinthephysicalcompanyofhumanbeings—agrowingchallengenotjustbecausetechnologyofferssuchahandyoptionbutbecausesomanyteenagersandcollegestudentssayovercommitted(任务过量的)schedulesdrivesmuchoftheirmultitasking。　　Justasimportantisforparentsandeducatortoteachkidsthatit’svaluable,evenessential,tooccasionallyslowdown,unplugsandtaketimetoenjoylifebeyondthescreen。　　6.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?　　A.Howismultitaskingdefine(定义)intheinformationage?　　B.Howdopeopleseenewtechnologyandthesocialchangeitbringsabout?　　C.Howdoestechnologychangemodernfamilylife?　　D.What’stheimpactofmultitaskingonyoungpeople?　　7.Theexpression“warpspeed”inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto____。　　A.Lowspeed　　B.Toomuchtimealone。　　C.highspeed　　D.steadyspeed　　8.Accordingtosometeenagersandcollegestudents,whatcausestheirmultitasking?　　A.Overcommittedschedules　　B.Toomuchtimealone　　C.Inabilitytofocus　　D.Fearofbeingneglected　　9.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE?　　A.Humanshavebeguntoengageinthemultitaskingbehaviorssincetheinformationage。　　B.Multitaskingisacriticalskillthatstudentsarerequiredtolearnatschool。　　C.Onlyparentscanhelptheirkidstogetridofthemultitaskinghabits。　　D.multitaskingmaypreparestudentsfortherealityoftoday’sfast-pacesworkenvironment。　　10.Whatdoeducatorsandpsychologistadviseparentstodotheirmultitaskingkids?　　A.Tocutoffhomeinternetconnection。　　B.Toseekmedicaltreatment。　　C.Toencouragetheirkidstohavesomesociallife。　　D.tohelptheirkidstosetpersonalgoalsPassage3　　Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:　　ThenuclearpoweremergencyataJapaneseatomicpowerplantlastMarchcouldleadtoamajorre-examinationinEuropeancountriesthatarealreadybuildingsuchplantsorareconsideringashiftfromfossil(化石)fuelstonuclearenergytofightclimatechange.Withtheterribleaccident25yearsagoinChernobyl(切尔诺贝利)beginningtofadeinEuropeanMemories,governmentsacrossEuropehavegrownmoreopentousingmorenuclearpower.EnthusiasmfornuclearpowerisparticularlystronginEasternEurope,whichwantstomoveawayfromdependenceonRussianoilandnaturalgas,andonheavilypollutingcoal-firedpowerplants.Easterngovernmentshavebegunimprovingexistingnuclearplantsorarebuildingorplanningnewones.ButasJapanstruggledtodealwithhernuclearcrises,discussionaboutthegoodandthebadofnuclearpowerbecameheated。　　(80)InGermany,nuclearpowerhasbeenarepeatedlyarguedandwidelyfeltissuefordecades。Upto70percentofGermansopposenuclearpower.Recentlyabout40,000peopleturnedouttoformahumanchainnearanuclearplanttoprotestgovernmentpoliciesonnuclearpower.“TheaccidentinJapancouldleadtoamajorrethinkinEurope,”saidHenrikPaulitzoftheInternationalDoctorsforthePreventionofNuclearWar.“Governmentshavenotbeenquiteopenaboutthesafetylevelsofthenuclearpowerplants。”　　Chancellor(总理)AngelaMerkelheadsacenter-rightunitygovernmentthatsupportstheuseofnuclearpower.Hergovernmentrecentlymadeadisputeddecisiontoextendthelifeofthecountry’s17nuclearpowerplantsbyanaverageof12years.Shewillnowfacemorepressurethechangethatpolicy.Shecalledanemergencymeetingwithherseniorministers.“Weknowhowsafeourplantsareandthatwedonotfaceathreatfromsuchaseriousearthquakeorviolenttidalwave,”Mrs.Merkelsaidafterthemeeting.“WewilllearnwhatwecanfromtheeventsinJapan。”　　　11.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingaboutEuropeisTRUE?　　　　A.ItisdependentonRussiaforgasandoil。　　　　B.Ithasputanendtofossilfuels。　　　　C.Ithadamajornuclearaccidentthisyear。　　　　D.Itislikelythattheywouldrethinktheirnuclearpowerpolicies。　　　12.Accordingtothepassage,allthefollowingstatementsaboutEasternEuropearetrueEXCEPT_______。　　　　A.theyareeagertobuildnewnuclearpowerplants　　　　B.theyhavetotallyforgottentheChernobylaccident25yearsago　　　　C.theyhaveimprovedtheirnuclearpowerplants　　　　D.theywantenergyindependence　　　13.Inthesecondparagraph,theauthormainlydiscusses_______。　　　　A.thenuclearaccidentsinJapanlastMarch　　　　B.nuclearpowerpoliciesinGermany　　　　C.Germanattitudetowardsnuclearpower　　　　D.thesafetylevelsofnuclearpowerplantsinGermany　　　14.Theword“heads”inthethirdparagraphcanbebestreplacedby______。　　　　A.leads  B.tops  C.minds  D.arms　　　15.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?　　　　A.Japan’sNuclearCrisisCausesFearinEurope。　　　　B.TheChernobylDisasterHelpsEuropeBetterUnderstandNuclearPowerEnergy。　　　　C.GermanGovernmentsSupportsNuclearPowerEnergy。　　　　D.GermanyHasLearntaLessonFromJapan。　　　PartIIVocabularyandStructure(30%)　　　Directions:Inthispartthereare30incompletesentences.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet。　　　16.Bynomeans____toherparents　　　　A.thisisthefirsttimehasshelied　　　　B.thisisthefirsttimedoesshetellalie　　　　C.thisisthefirsttimeshehadlied　　　　D.thisisthefirsttimeshewaslying　　　17.Youhavefailedtoe\wtests.You’dbetterstartworkingharder,____youwon’tpassthecourse。　　　　A.and      B.but          C.or      D.so　　　18.Hischildrenarewell-behaved,_____thoseofhissister’sareverynaughty。　　　　A.and      B.so            C.thus      D.while　　　19.Howcanyoukeepfit____yousmokesomucheveryday?　　　　A.but      B.however        C.if          D.otherwise　　　20.Thenewshasspreadalloverthecountry____thespaceshipsucceededinreturningtotheearth。　　　　A.what      B.that        C.if        D.otherwise　　　20.Thenewshasspreadaloverthecountry____thespaceshipsucceededinreturningtotheearth。　　　　A.what      B.that        C.which      D.whether　　　21.Ididn’tknowyourmobilephonenumber;otherwiseI____youthemomentIgottoWashington。　　　　A.haverung    B.woundring    C.  haverung  D.woundhaverung　　　22.Astheyareretired,Mr.andMrs.Scottpreferahoursinthecountryto____theirremainingyearsthere。　　　　A.spend      B.spending      C.spent      D.spends　　　23.____bythisgrandparents,jimmywasn’tusedtolivingwithhisparents。　　　　A.ToobringupB.Tobebroughtup  C.Broughtup  D.Beingbroughtup　　  24.Pleaseremain____untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop。　　　　A.toseat      B.tobeseated    C.seating      D.seated　　　25.Whilewatchingtelevision,____。　　　　A.thedoorbellrang  B.thedoorbellringsC.weheardthedoorbellring  D.weheardthedoorbellrings　　　26.____,thepayisn’tattractiveenough,thoughthejobitselfisquiteinteresting。　　　　A.Generallyspeaking  B.Onthecountry  C.Inparticular  D.Tobehonest　　　27.Therobberhadescapedandwasnowheretobefoundwhenthepolice____　　　　A.arrived      B.hadarrived  C.belongs  D.havearrived　　　28.ProfessorWilsonkeepstellinghisstudentsthatthefuture______tothewell-educated。　　　　A.isbelonged  B.isbelonging    C.belongs    D.willbebelonged　　　29.Thiscompanyisclosingup,solotsofworkerswillbelaid______。　　　　A.down      B.out        C.off      D.aside　　　30.Justtakeiteasyand  usexactlywhathashappened。　　　　A.say      B.speak      C.tell      D.talk　　　31.Somedevelopedcountriesaretryingto  theseriousproblemsresultingfromtheenergycrisis。　　　　A.stepup    B.copewith    C.cutoff    D.endup　　　32.Heissuchamanwhoisalways  faultwithotherpeople。　　　　A.putting    B.seeking    C.finding    D.lookingfor　　　33.Aftertheretiredfromoffice,Rogers    paintingforawhile,butsoonlostinterest。　　　　A.tookup    B.saveup    C.keptup    D.drewup　　　34.    fire,allexitsmustbekeptclear。　　　　A.Inplaceof    B.Insteadof      C.Incaseof      D.Inspiteof　　　35.Myparentswillmovebackintotowninayearor  。　　　　A.later      B.after        C.so        D.about　　　36.Dogshaveaverygood    ofsmellandareoftenusedtosearchforsurvivorsinanearthquake。　　　　A.sense    B.view      C.means    D.idea　　　37.Thehouse    Igrewuphasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuilding。　　　　A.init      B.inwhat    C.inthat    D.inwhich　　　38.Tomhasalreadygivenupthe  ofsmokingforthesakeofhealth。　　　　A.custom    B.habit      C.hobby    D.convention　　　39.StephenBullonistheonlymaninthevillage    todaythathassurvivedthewar。　　　　A.live      B.lived      C.alive      D.active　　　40.Assheenteredtheroomshecouldseebigbrightlightshungfromthe  。　　　　A.roof      B.top      C.ceiling      D.height　　　41.Thoseexperimentshavelaidasolidfoundationforhis  researchinmaterialscience。　　　　A.far      B.deep    C.farther      D.further　　　42.Theweatherforecastsaysitisgoingtoclear    soon。　　　　A.up      B.out      C.over        D.about　　　43.Hewillcometocallonyouthemomenthe  hiswork。　　　　A.willfinish    B.finishes    C.finished      D.tofinish　　　44.    suchagoodchance,howcouldsheletitslipaway?　　　　A.Havinggiven      B.Giving      C.Havingbeengiven    D.Give　　　45.Previous    hisdeparture,headdressedalettertohis。　　　　A.to      B.of        C.in        D.fromPartⅢIdentification(10%)　　Directions:EachofthefollowingsentenceshasfourunderlinedpartsmarkedA,B,CandD。Identifytheonethatisnotcorrect.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet。　　46.Ilikethishousewithabeautifulgardeninfront,butIdon’thaveenoughmoneytobuythat。　　A  B      C      D　　47.IInvitedJoeandLindaaswellasTomtodinner,butneitherofthemcame。　　A      B  C  D　　48.YoucanarriveinBeijingearlierforthemeetingthoughyoudon’tmindtakingthenighttrain。　　A    B    C    D　　49.Whynotstayathomesincethattheroadissoslipperyaftertheheavysnow?　　A    B  C      D　　50.Lookout!Don’tgettooclosetothehousethatroofisunderrepair。　　A  B      C  D　　51.Somechildrenwanttochallengethemselvesbylearningalanguagedifferentfromwhichtheirparentsspeakathome。　　A    B    C　D　　52.ButforthehelpofmyEnglishteacher,IwouldnotwinthefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition。　　A  B      C    D　　53.Thosebravearmysoldierswouldratherdiewiththeirheadshighthanlivedwiththeirkneesbent。　　A  B      C　　D　　54.NosoonerhadProfessorSmithbeguntospeakwhensomenoisearosefromtheaudience。　　A    B  C    D　　55.Itisnogoodtrytoremembergrammaticalrules.Youneedtopracticewhatyouhavelearned。　　A  B          C      D　　PartIVCloze(10%)　　Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage,andforeachblankthereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandDattheendofthepassage.YoushouldchooseONEanswerthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet。　　Themysterioustigerhasbeenasymbolofpowerandstrengthforcenturies.Itspowerisa56tohunters,57havetriedtokillittoprovetheirownskilland58.InIndia59thenineteenthandearlytwentiethcenturies,largepartiesof60fromaroundtheworld61gooutonhugetigerhunts.Hundredsoftigerscouldbekilledinafewweeks.Asa62ofthisover-hunting,63withlossofhabitat(栖息地)，thepopulationoftigersinIndiadroppedfromabout40,00064theturnofthetwentiethcenturytoabout2,000by1972.　　WiththehelpofIndiaandotherconcernedcountries,theWorldWildlifeFund65OperationTigerin1972tosavethetiger66dyingout.Sincethen,seventeentigerpreserves(保护区)havebeen67,andthetigerpopulationinIndiahasrisento684,000and5,000.　　Butwhenpeopleliveonthe69ofthetigerpreserves,tigerssometimeskilltheirfarmanimalsandattackpeople–about600peopleinIndiahavebeenkilledbytigersinthelastdozenyears.70tigersdonoteathumans.But“old,woundedandhomeless”tigerscanbecomehabitual(习惯的)man-eaters.InoneareainIndia,villagershave71acleversolution.Theywirelifelikehumandummies(假人)toelectricity72thetigersgeta(n)73shockwhentheyattack.Itishopedthatinthiswaytigerswilllearnto74people.Buttheconflictbetweenhumanandtiger75.Onlyifpeoplehaveenoughfood,shelterandfuelwillthetigersurviveinthelongrun.Andonlyifthetigeranditsforestsurvivewillpeoplehaveanaturalworldtheycanreturnto。　　56.A.succession  B.challengeC.guarantee  D.intelligence　　57.A.that  B.which  C.who    D.those　　58.A.braveryB.intention  C.ambition  D.harmony　　59.A.on  B.throughout  C.with  D.for　　60.A.statesmenB.salesmen  C.sportsmen  D.chairmen　　61.A.hadbetterB.wouldratherC.oughtto  D.usedto　　62.A.result  B.condition &nbs